177 results on '"Scott Sherwood"'
Search Results
2. A hybrid mass participation approach to mobile software trials.
- Author
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Alistair Morrison, Donald McMillan, Stuart Reeves, Scott Sherwood, and Matthew Chalmers
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Into the wild: challenges and opportunities for field trial methods.
- Author
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Barry A. T. Brown, Stuart Reeves, and Scott Sherwood
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Five design challenges for human computation.
- Author
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Stuart Reeves and Scott Sherwood
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Designing for crowds.
- Author
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Stuart Reeves, Scott Sherwood, and Barry A. T. Brown
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Adapting ubicomp software and its evaluation.
- Author
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Malcolm Hall, Marek Bell, Alistair Morrison, Stuart Reeves, Scott Sherwood, and Matthew Chalmers
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. EyeSpy: supporting navigation through play.
- Author
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Marek Bell, Stuart Reeves, Barry A. T. Brown, Scott Sherwood, Donny MacMillan, John Ferguson, and Matthew Chalmers
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. From awareness to repartee: sharing location within social groups.
- Author
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Louise Barkhuus, Barry A. T. Brown, Marek Bell, Scott Sherwood, Malcolm Hall, and Matthew Chalmers
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Increasing the Awareness of Daily Activity Levels with Pervasive Computing.
- Author
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Julie Maitland, Scott Sherwood, Louise Barkhuus, Ian Anderson 0002, Malcolm Hall, Barry A. T. Brown, Matthew Chalmers, and Henk L. Muller
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Interweaving mobile games with everyday life.
- Author
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Marek Bell, Matthew Chalmers, Louise Barkhuus, Malcolm Hall, Scott Sherwood, Paul Tennent, Barry A. T. Brown, Duncan Rowland, and Steve Benford
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Gaming on the edge: using seams in ubicomp games.
- Author
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Matthew Chalmers, Marek Bell, Barry A. T. Brown, Malcolm Hall, Scott Sherwood, and Paul Tennent
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Picking Pockets on the Lawn: The Development of Tactics and Strategies in a Mobile Game.
- Author
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Louise Barkhuus, Matthew Chalmers, Paul Tennent, Malcolm Hall, Marek Bell, Scott Sherwood, and Barry A. T. Brown
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Three applications for mobile epidemic algorithms.
- Author
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Paul Tennent, Malcolm Hall, Barry A. T. Brown, Matthew Chalmers, and Scott Sherwood
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Adapting Evaluation to Study Behaviour in Context.
- Author
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Scott Sherwood, Stuart Reeves, Julie Maitland, Alistair Morrison, and Matthew Chalmers
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Shakra: Tracking and Sharing Daily Activity Levels with Unaugmented Mobile Phones.
- Author
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Ian Anderson 0002, Julie Maitland, Scott Sherwood, Louise Barkhuus, Matthew Chalmers, Malcolm Hall, Barry A. T. Brown, and Henk L. Muller
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Adapting Evaluation to Study Behaviour in Context
- Author
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Stuart Reeves, Scott Sherwood, Matthew Chalmers, Alistair Morrison, and Julie Maitland
- Subjects
Human-Computer Interaction ,Ubiquitous systems ,Appropriation ,Ubiquitous computing ,Reflection (computer programming) ,Order (exchange) ,Human–computer interaction ,Process (engineering) ,Computer science ,Context (language use) ,Set (psychology) - Abstract
We present a reflection on a series of studies of ubiquitous computing systems in which the process of evaluation evolved over time to account for the increasing difficulties inherent in assessing systems ‘in the wild’. Ubiquitous systems are typically designed to be embedded in users’ everyday lives; however, without knowing the ways in which people will appropriate the systems for use, it is often infeasible to identify a predetermined set of evaluation criteria that will capture the process of integration and appropriation. Based on our experiences, which became successively more distributed in time and space, we suggest that evaluation should become adaptive in order to more effectively study the emergent uses of ubiquitous computing systems over time.
- Published
- 2009
17. Discovery of novel, orally active dual NK1/NK2 antagonists
- Author
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Benedict J. Kosmider, Herbert Barthlow, Bruce Dembofsky, Jeffrey S. Albert, William Potts, Robert F. Dedinas, David Aharony, William L. Rumsey, Russell Bialecki, Timothy Wayne Davenport, Scott Sherwood, Donald Andisik, Ashok B. Shenvi, Karin Kirkland, Keith Russell, Lihong Shen, Gerard M. Koether, David Stollman, Cyrus John Ohnmacht, and Bernstein Peter Robert
- Subjects
Guinea Pigs ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Administration, Oral ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,Guinea pig ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Dogs ,Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists ,Piperidines ,In vivo ,Oral administration ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Receptor ,Molecular Biology ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Antagonist ,Receptors, Neurokinin-2 ,In vitro ,Extravasation ,Rats ,Sulfoxides ,Benzamides ,Models, Animal ,Molecular Medicine ,Tachykinin receptor - Abstract
Exploration of the SAR around selective NK 2 antagonists, SR48968 and ZD7944, led to the discovery that naphth-1-amide analogues provide potent dual NK 1 and NK 2 antagonists. ZD6021 inhibited binding of [ 3 H]-NKA or [ 3 H]-SP to human NK 1 and NK 2 receptors, with high-affinity ( K i =0.12 and 0.62 nM, respectively). In functional assays ZD6021 had, at 10 −7 M, in human pulmonary artery p K B =8.9 and in human bronchus p K B =7.3, for NK 1 and NK 2 , respectively. Oral administration of ZD6021 to guinea pigs dose-dependently attenuated ASMSP induced extravasation of plasma proteins, ED 50 =0.5 mg/kg, and NK 2 mediated bronchoconstriction, ED 50 =13 mg/kg.
- Published
- 2001
18. Into the wild
- Author
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Stuart Reeves, Barry Brown, and Scott Sherwood
- Subjects
Leverage (negotiation) ,Management science ,Computer science ,Field trial ,Data science ,Field (computer science) - Abstract
Field trials of experimental systems `in the wild' have developed into a standard method within HCI - testing new systems with groups of users in relatively unconstrained settings outside of the laboratory. In this paper we discuss methodological challenges in running user trials. Using a `trial of trials' we examined the practices of investigators and participants - documenting `demand characteristics', where users adjust their behaviour to fit the expectations of those running the trial, the interdependence of how trials are run and the result they produce, and how trial results can be dependent on the insights of a subset of trial participants. We develop three strategies that researchers can use to leverage these challenges to run better trials.
- Published
- 2011
19. Large Scale User Trials
- Author
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Alistair Morrison, Scott Sherwood, Julie Maitland, Stuart Reeves, and Matthew Chalmers
- Subjects
Scale (ratio) ,Computer science ,Data science - Abstract
The authors present a reflection on a series of studies of ubiquitous computing systems in which the process of evaluation evolved over time to account for the increasing difficulties inherent in assessing systems ‘in the wild’. Ubiquitous systems are typically designed to be embedded in users’ everyday lives; however, without knowing the ways in which people will appropriate the systems for use, it is often infeasible to identify a predetermined set of evaluation criteria that will capture the process of integration and appropriation. Based on the authors’ experiences, which became successively more distributed in time and space, they suggest that evaluation should become adaptive in order to more effectively study the emergent uses of ubiquitous computing systems over time.
- Published
- 2011
20. Adapting ubicomp software and its evaluation
- Author
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Marek Bell, Matthew Chalmers, Stuart Reeves, Scott Sherwood, Alistair Morrison, and Malcolm Hall
- Subjects
Software ,Iterative design ,Human–computer interaction ,Software deployment ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Component-based software engineering ,Software construction ,Software development ,Software design ,business ,Software engineering ,Software design description - Abstract
We describe work in progress on tools and infrastructure to support adaptive component-based software for mobile devices 'in our case, Apple iPhones. Our high level aim is 'design for appropriation', i.e. system design for uses and contexts that designers may not be able to fully predict or model in advance. Logs of users' system operation are streamed back in real time to evaluators' data visualisation tools, so that they can assess design problems and opportunities. Evaluators and developers can then create new software components that are sent to the mobile devices. These components are either integrated automatically on the fly, or offered as recommendations for users to accept or reject. By connecting developers, users, and evaluators, we aim to quicken the pace of iterative design so as to improve the process of creating and sustaining contextually fitting software.
- Published
- 2009
21. EyeSpy
- Author
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Donny MacMillan, John Ferguson, Barry Brown, Scott Sherwood, Marek Bell, Matthew Chalmers, and Stuart Reeves
- Subjects
World Wide Web ,Side effect (computer science) ,Reflection (computer programming) ,Computer science ,Human–computer interaction ,ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING ,Multiplayer game ,USable ,Task (project management) - Abstract
This paper demonstrates how useful content can be generated as a by-product of an enjoyable mobile multiplayer game. In EyeSpy, players tag geographic locations with photos or text. By locating the places in which other players' tags were created and 'confirming' them, players earn points for themselves and verify the tags' locations. As a side effect of game-play, EyeSpy produces a collection of recognisable and findable geographic details, in the form of photographs and text tags, that can be repurposed to support navigation tasks. Two user trials of the game successfully produced an archive of geo-located photographs and tags, and in a follow-up experiment we compared performance in a navigation task using photographs from the game, with geo-referenced photos collected from the Flickr website. Our experiences with EyeSpy support reflection upon the design challenges presented by 'human computation' and the production of usable by-products through mobile game-play.
- Published
- 2009
22. From awareness to repartee
- Author
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Scott Sherwood, Malcolm Hall, Barry Brown, Marek Bell, Louise Barkhuus, and Matthew Chalmers
- Subjects
Computer science - Published
- 2008
23. Increasing the Awareness of Daily Activity Levels with Pervasive Computing
- Author
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Scott Sherwood, Matthew Chalmers, Julie Maitland, Louise Barkhuus, Malcolm Hall, Barry Brown, Ian Anderson, and Henk Muller
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Ubiquitous computing ,Multimedia ,Computer science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Public health ,Commodity ,Internet privacy ,Mobile computing ,computer.software_genre ,Promotion (rank) ,Health promotion ,Mobile phone ,Health care ,medicine ,business ,computer ,media_common - Abstract
Public health promotion technology should be accessible to the general public at which it is aimed. This paper explores the potential for use of an unaugmented commodity technology - the mobile phone - as a health promotion tool. We describe a prototype application that tracks the daily exercise activities of people carrying phones, using fluctuation in signal strength to estimate a user's movement. In a short-term study of the prototype that shared activity information amongst groups of friends, we found that awareness encouraged reflection on, and increased motivation for, daily activity. We describe some of the details of the pilot study, and conclude with our intended plans to develop the system further in order to carry out a longer-term clinical trial
- Published
- 2006
24. Interweaving mobile games with everyday life
- Author
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Scott Sherwood, Marek Bell, Louise Barkhuus, Steve Benford, Alastair Hampshire, Duncan Rowland, Matthew Chalmers, Barry Brown, Mauricio Capra, Paul Tennent, and Malcolm Hall
- Subjects
QA75 ,World Wide Web ,Core (game theory) ,Game mechanics ,Pervasive gaming ,Ubiquitous computing ,Human–computer interaction ,Computer science ,ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING ,Key (cryptography) ,Everyday life - Abstract
We introduce a location--based game called Feeding Yoshi that provides an example of seamful design, in which key characteristics of its underlying technologies-the coverage and security characteristics of WiFi-are exposed as a core element of gameplay. Feeding Yoshi is also a long--term, wide--area game, being played over a week between three different cities during an initial user study. The study, drawing on participant diaries and interviews, supported by observation and analysis of system logs, reveals players' reactions to the game. We see the different ways in which they embedded play into the patterns of their daily lives, augmenting existing practices and creating new ones, and observe the impact of varying location on both the ease and feel of play. We identify potential design extensions to Feeding Yoshi and conclude that seamful design provides a route to creating engaging experiences that are well adapted to their underlying technologies.
- Published
- 2006
25. Three applications for mobile epidemic algorithms
- Author
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Barry Brown, Scott Sherwood, Malcolm Hall, Matthew Chalmers, and Paul Tennent
- Subjects
QA75 ,Exploit ,Wireless network ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Wireless ad hoc network ,RSS ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Internet privacy ,computer.file_format ,World Wide Web ,Presentation ,File sharing ,Wireless ,Business documents ,business ,computer ,media_common - Abstract
This paper presents a framework for the pervasive sharing of data using wireless networks. 'FarCry' uses the mobility of users to carry files between separated networks. Through a mix of ad-hoc and infrastructure-based wireless networking, files are transferred between users without their direct involvement. As users move to different locations, files are then transmitted on to other users, spreading and sharing information. We examine three applications of this framework. Each of these exploits the physically proximate nature of social gatherings. As people group together in, for example, business meetings and cafés, this can be taken as an indication of similar interests, e.g. in the same presentation or in a type of music. MediaNet affords sharing of media files between strangers or friends, MeetingNet shares business documents in meetings, and NewsNet shares RSS feeds between mobile users. NewsNet also develops the use of pre-emptive caching: collecting information from others not for oneself, but for the predicted later sharing with others. We offer observations on developing this system for a mobile, multi-user, multi-device environment.
- Published
- 2005
26. Gaming on the edge
- Author
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Malcolm Hall, Marek Bell, Paul Tennent, Matthew Chalmers, Barry Brown, and Scott Sherwood
- Subjects
QA75 ,Ubiquitous computing ,Exploit ,Multimedia ,Emerging technologies ,Wireless network ,Computer science ,business.industry ,ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING ,computer.software_genre ,QA76 ,Hotspot (Wi-Fi) ,Human–computer interaction ,Wireless ,Treasure ,business ,computer - Abstract
Outdoor multi-player games are an increasingly popular application area for ubiquitous computing, supporting experimentation both with new technologies and new user experiences. This paper presents an outdoor ubicomp game that exploits the gaps or seams that exist in complex computer systems. Treasure is designed so that players move in and out of areas of wireless network coverage, taking advantage not only of the connectivity within a wireless ‘hotspot’ but of the lack of connectivity outside it. More broadly, this paper discusses how the notion of seamful design can be a source of design ideas for ubicomp games.
- Published
- 2005
27. Picking Pockets on the Lawn: The Development of Tactics and Strategies in a Mobile Game
- Author
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Malcolm Hall, Paul Tennent, Barry Brown, Matthew Chalmers, Louise Barkhuus, Marek Bell, and Scott Sherwood
- Subjects
Development (topology) ,Ubiquitous computing ,Human–computer interaction ,Computer science ,ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING ,Sample (statistics) ,Multiplayer game ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,computer - Abstract
This paper presents Treasure, an outdoor mobile multiplayer game inspired by Weiser's notion of seams, gaps and breaks in different media. Playing Treasure involves movement in and out of a wi-fi network, using PDAs to pick up virtual 'coins' that may be scattered outside network coverage. Coins have to be uploaded to a server to gain game points, and players can collaborate with teammates to double the points given for an upload. Players can also steal coins from opponents. As they move around, players' PDAs sample network signal strength and update coverage maps. Reporting on a study of players taking part in multiple games, we discuss how their tactics and strategies developed as their experience grew with successive games. We suggest that meaningful play arises in just this way, and that repeated play is vital when evaluating such games.
- Published
- 2005
28. Structural analysis and optimization of NK(1) receptor antagonists through modulation of atropisomer interconversion properties
- Author
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Cyrus John Ohnmacht, Robert F. Dedinas, Scott Sherwood, Bernstein Peter Robert, Lihong Shen, David Aharony, William Potts, Keith Russell, Daniel John Russell, William E. Palmer, William L. Rumsey, Yun W. Alelyunas, and Jeffrey S. Albert
- Subjects
Models, Molecular ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,medicine.drug_class ,Stereochemistry ,Substituent ,Biological Availability ,Carboxamide ,Stereoisomerism ,In Vitro Techniques ,Naphthalenes ,Pulmonary Artery ,Chemical synthesis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Radioligand Assay ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Dogs ,Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Structure–activity relationship ,Animals ,Humans ,Receptor ,Atropisomer ,Brain ,Receptors, Neurokinin-1 ,chemistry ,Molecular Medicine ,Rabbits ,Pharmacophore ,Gerbillinae - Abstract
We have previously described a series of antagonists that showed high potency and selectivity for the NK(1) receptor. However, these compounds also had the undesirable property of existing as a mixture of interconverting rotational isomers. Here we show that alteration of the 2-naphthyl substituent can modulate the rate of isomer exchange. Comparisons of the NK(1) receptor affinity for the various conformational forms has facilitated the development of a detailed NK(1) pharmacophore model.
- Published
- 2004
29. Design, synthesis, and SAR of tachykinin antagonists: modulation of balance in NK(1)/NK(2) receptor antagonist activity
- Author
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Karin Kirkland, Russell Bialecki, Herbert Barthlow, Ashok B. Shenvi, William E. Palmer, Donald Andisik, Jeffrey S. Albert, Paul Warwick, Cyrus John Ohnmacht, Daniel Hill, Lihong Shen, Bruce Dembofsky, William Potts, Scott Sherwood, Keith Russell, Gerard M. Koether, William L. Rumsey, David Aharony, Bernstein Peter Robert, Benedict J. Kosmider, and Robert F. Dedinas
- Subjects
Chemistry ,medicine.drug_class ,Antagonist ,Biological Availability ,Carboxamide ,Receptors, Neurokinin-2 ,Pharmacology ,In vitro ,Rats ,Guinea pig ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Dogs ,Biochemistry ,Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists ,Piperidines ,In vivo ,Sulfoxides ,Tachykinins ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Molecular Medicine ,Structure–activity relationship ,Potency ,Animals ,Receptor - Abstract
Through optimization of compounds based on the dual NK(1)/NK(2) antagonist ZD6021, it was found that alteration of two key regions could modulate the balance of NK(1) and NK(2) potency. Substitution of the 2-naphthalene position in analogues of ZD6021 resulted in increased NK(1) potency and thus afforded NK(1) preferential antagonists. Alterations of the piperidine region could then increase NK(2) potency to restore dual NK(1)/NK(2) selectivity. Through these efforts, three novel receptor antagonists from a single chemically related series were identified; two are dual NK(1)/NK(2) antagonists, and the third is an NK(1) preferential antagonist. In this paper, the factors affecting the balance of NK(1) and NK(2) selectivity in this series are discussed and the in vitro and in vivo properties of the novel antagonists are described.
- Published
- 2002
30. Shakra: Tracking and Sharing Daily Activity Levels with Unaugmented Mobile Phones
- Author
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Henk Muller, Barry Brown, Scott Sherwood, Matthew Chalmers, Malcolm Hall, Louise Barkhuus, Ian Anderson, and Julie Maitland
- Subjects
Reflection (computer programming) ,Multimedia ,Artificial neural network ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,Visibility (geometry) ,computer.software_genre ,Task (project management) ,Activity recognition ,Hardware and Architecture ,Mobile phone ,GSM ,Hidden Markov model ,computer ,Software ,Information Systems - Abstract
This paper explores the potential for use of an unaugmented commodity technology--the mobile phone-- as a health promotion tool. We describe a prototype application that tracks the daily exercise activities of people, using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to analyse GSM cell signal strength and visibility to estimate a user's movement. In a short-term study of the prototype that shared activity information amongst groups of friends, we found that awareness encouraged reflection on, and increased motivation for, daily activity. The study raised concerns regarding the reliability of ANN-facilitated activity detection in the 'real world'. We describe some of the details of the pilot study and introduce a promising new approach to activity detection that has been developed in response to some of the issues raised by the pilot study, involving Hidden Markov Models (HMM), task modelling and unsupervised calibration. We conclude with our intended plans to develop the system further in order to carry out a longer-term clinical trial.
31. Disseminated extragenital bullous lichen sclerosus.
- Author
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Trinh TV, Parr K, and Butler DF
- Abstract
Lichen sclerosus commonly affects the genitalia of post-menopausal women. We describe a woman with painful, disseminated, bullous, extragenital lichen sclerosus that responded to oral acitretin and topical calcitriol and triamcinolone.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. A retrospective study comparing patient outcomes of wise pattern-inferior pedicle and vertical pattern-medial pedicle reduction mammoplasty.
- Author
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James A and Verheyden C
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Mammaplasty methods
- Abstract
This study compared patient outcomes of a single surgeon experience between those with inferior and medial pedicle breast reductions. A cohort of 84 patients was analyzed. In all, 49 inferior pedicle reductions and 35 medial pedicle reductions were performed. The average weight of tissue removed per breast was 639 g with the inferior pedicle technique and 450 g with the medial pedicle technique. Nipple transposition distance averaged 8.6 cm for the inferior pedicle group and 6.3 cm for the medial pedicle group. Scar revision surgery within 18 months was required in 5.7% of the medial pedicle group as compared with 0% in the inferior pedicle group. The overall complication rate was higher for the inferior pedicle group (28.6%) compared with the medial pedicle group (14.3%). In this study, medial pedicle reductions resulted in lower complication rates. The amount of tissue removed was less with medial pedicle reductions. Hypertrophic scarring was reduced in the medial pedicle reduction mammoplasty.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Restoration of normal eyelid function after resection of orbitotemporal neurofibroma.
- Author
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Lind J, Walker G, and Verheyden CN
- Subjects
- Blinking physiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local surgery, Orbital Neoplasms physiopathology, Skull Neoplasms physiopathology, Eyelids physiology, Neurofibromatosis 1 surgery, Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures methods, Orbital Neoplasms surgery, Recovery of Function physiology, Skull Neoplasms surgery, Temporal Bone
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Are you ready?--lessons learned from the Fort Hood shooting in Texas.
- Author
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Shepherd J, Gerdes C, Nipper M, and Naul LG
- Subjects
- Communication, Humans, Texas, Time Factors, Mass Casualty Incidents, Radiology, Interventional, Triage
- Abstract
On November 5, 2009, a US Army psychiatrist allegedly opened fire with one or more handguns, killing 12 military personnel and one civilian at Fort Hood in Killeen, Texas. The most severely wounded casualties were transported to Scott and White Memorial Hospital, a Level I trauma center and tertiary care teaching hospital in Temple, Texas associated with the Texas A&M University College of Medicine. Ten victims arrived in a 1-h period with another two arriving in the second hour, necessitating an emergency response to a mass casualty event. Our radiology department's response was largely unplanned and was therefore the result of many spontaneous actions and ideas. We share our experiences and from them formulate guidelines for a general radiology surge model for mass casualty events. It is our hope to raise awareness and help other radiology departments to prepare for such an unexpected event.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Plastic surgery leadership in an institution: a primer.
- Author
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Verheyden CN and Levin LS
- Subjects
- Academic Medical Centers, Humans, Interprofessional Relations, Leadership, Motivation, Physician Executives, Surgery, Plastic
- Abstract
Leadership can be defined as not only the position of a leader, but the ability to function as one. This brief review of leadership is focused on what is involved in leading a plastic surgery unit in an institution. Characteristics of a good leader, identified by those who are being led, are discussed. In addition to that, the character of the individual leading is also reviewed, because it is such a critical ingredient in a person's capacity to lead others. Leadership characteristics can be learned and opportunities for growth in this area are discussed. The result of good leadership of a plastic surgery unit will indubitably result in the enhancement of the plastic surgery unit in an institution and plastic surgery as a specialty.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Idiopathic immunoglobulin A nephropathy in children and adolescents.
- Author
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Hogg RJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Biopsy, Child, Disease Progression, Drug Therapy, Combination, Evidence-Based Medicine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Predictive Value of Tests, Renal Insufficiency etiology, Renal Insufficiency prevention & control, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Glomerulonephritis, IGA complications, Glomerulonephritis, IGA diagnosis, Glomerulonephritis, IGA epidemiology, Glomerulonephritis, IGA therapy
- Abstract
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy is now recognized as the glomerular disease most often associated with progressive renal failure in patients around the world. In many cases it is not known when the disease starts to inflict glomerular injury, but recent studies that have shown genetically determined abnormalities in glycosylation of the IgA molecule suggest that this may begin in early life. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of IgA nephropathy, with special emphasis on clinical aspects of the disease when it presents in children and adolescents. In addition, the sections dealing with therapeutic options for patients with IgA nephropathy concentrate on studies that have been carried out on children. Whenever possible, data from randomized controlled clinical trials have formed the basis for recommendations. Unfortunately, this is not always possible, because of the lack of such trials in patients with IgA nephropathy.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Symptomatic Bochdalek hernia in an adult.
- Author
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Hamid KS, Rai SS, and Rodriguez JA
- Subjects
- Comorbidity, Female, Hernia, Diaphragmatic diagnostic imaging, Hernia, Diaphragmatic epidemiology, Humans, Laparoscopy, Middle Aged, Obesity, Morbid epidemiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Hernia, Diaphragmatic surgery
- Abstract
Background and Objectives: Bochdalek hernias are congenital diaphragmatic defects resulting from the failure of posterolateral diaphragmatic foramina to fuse in utero. Symptomatic Bochdalek hernias in adults are infrequent and may lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction or severe pulmonary disease. We describe our experience with this rare entity., Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on a single patient for data collection purposes., Results: The patient is a morbidly obese 53-year-old female who presented with epigastric pain and diffuse abdominal tenderness. Computed tomography scans of the chest and abdomen revealed a small posterior diaphragmatic defect containing gastric fundal diverticulum. Laboratory work and imaging revealed no other findings. Laparoscopic repair of the Bochdalek hernia was done via an abdominal approach and utilized primary closure with an AlloDerm patch apposed to the defect. The patient has had significant clinical improvement and continues to do well at 9 months postoperatively., Conclusion: Laparoscopic repair of symptomatic adult Bochdalek hernias can be performed successfully and may result in significant clinical improvement.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Relapsing polychondritis following alopecia areata.
- Author
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Starr JC, Taneja N, and Brasher GW
- Abstract
A case of alopecia areata followed by relapsing polychondritis is presented. Similar cases from the literature are reviewed and speculation about the relationship of these diseases is offered. Although the occurrence of these diseases together could be coincidental, an association seems immunologically plausible. Thus, relapsing polychondritis might be an unusual systemic manifestation of alopecia areata.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Posterior fossa infarction following cleft palate repair and the arcuate foramen.
- Author
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Brown M and Verheyden C
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Cerebral Infarction etiology, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Infant, Male, Seizures etiology, Withholding Treatment, Brain Stem pathology, Cerebral Infarction complications, Cleft Lip surgery, Cleft Palate surgery, Cranial Fossa, Posterior pathology, Plastic Surgery Procedures adverse effects, Respiratory Insufficiency etiology
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Perineurioma of the adrenal gland.
- Author
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Rampisela D and Donner LR
- Subjects
- Adrenal Gland Neoplasms metabolism, Adrenal Gland Neoplasms surgery, Adult, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Incidental Findings, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Nerve Sheath Neoplasms metabolism, Nerve Sheath Neoplasms surgery, Adrenal Gland Neoplasms pathology, Nerve Sheath Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
The authors report the first case of perineurioma of the adrenal gland. The tumor was composed of elongated wavy spindle cells focally arranged in a fascicular pattern. It was positive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and claudin-1, and was negative for S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Electron microscopy showed long, slender cytoplasmic processes coated by discontinuos basal lamina and presence of many pinocytotic vesicles.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Validation of a vasoepididymostomy predictor model: is vasoepididymostomy truly predictable preoperatively?
- Author
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Kavoussi PK and Bird ET
- Subjects
- Divorce statistics & numerical data, Epididymis surgery, Female, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Sperm Motility physiology, Vasovasostomy methods
- Abstract
Objective: To validate a vasoepididymostomy (VE) predictor nomogram., Design: Data were collected prospectively. A previously published VE predictor model was then applied to all patients. Predicted outcomes were analyzed with respect to outcomes with consideration of actual procedures performed. The maximum follow-up was 30 months, with a median follow-up of 16 months., Setting: A tertiary referral center in central Texas., Patient(s): One hundred fifteen consecutive patients who underwent vasectomy reversals by the fibrin glue technique were included., Result(s): Forty patients who would have been predicted to require VE on one or both sides by the predictor model actually underwent vasovasostomy (VV) bilaterally. Follow-up data were available in 62% of these patients, of which 88% were patent and 52% have achieved pregnancies thus far. Seventy patients who would have been predicted to only require VV by the predictor model underwent VV. Follow-up data were available in 60% of these patients, of which 98% were patent and 36% have achieved pregnancies thus far. The five patients not accounted for included two who would have been predicted to require VV and underwent VE because of intraoperative decision making and three who were predicted to require VE and underwent VE., Conclusion(s): The predictor model designed to identify which patients need VE versus those who will need simply VV is not a reliable predictor in our patient population of patients seeking a fibrin glue vasectomy reversal.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The use of dermal fat grafts for the correction of secondary cleft lip deformities.
- Author
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Staebel C and Verheyden CN
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods, Cleft Lip surgery, Subcutaneous Fat transplantation
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Atypical abdominal hernias in the emergency department: acute and non-acute.
- Author
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Strange CD, Birkemeier KL, Sincleair ST, and Shepherd JR
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Hernia, Diaphragmatic diagnostic imaging, Hernia, Inguinal diagnostic imaging, Hernia, Obturator, Humans, Incidental Findings, Infant, Newborn, Male, Sacrococcygeal Region, Hernia, Abdominal diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
The objective of this pictorial essay is to review uncommon abdominal hernias, many of which present to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain. These hernias may be congenital, post-traumatic, or iatrogenic in origin. They may present as an acute (surgical) abdomen without localizing signs or symptoms. They may present with an obvious antecedent event such as motor vehicle trauma or simply present as an incidental finding. Multi-detector computed tomography is currently the study of choice to diagnose abdominal hernia and to evaluate the possible complications such as small bowel obstruction and/or strangulation. This modality can delineate a "zone of transition" (abnormally dilated bowel transitioning to normal or decreased bowel caliber) or identify the involved anatomy. It can also suggest compromised blood supply.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Pharmacokinetics of topical and intravenous cefazolin in patients with clean surgical wounds.
- Author
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White RR 4th, Pitzer KD, Fader RC, Rajab MH, and Song J
- Subjects
- Administration, Topical, Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents blood, Cefazolin blood, Drainage, Female, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Middle Aged, Preoperative Care, Therapeutic Irrigation, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacokinetics, Cefazolin administration & dosage, Cefazolin pharmacokinetics, Mammaplasty, Surgical Wound Infection prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: Surgical-site infection is a common postoperative nosocomial infection. Surgeons frequently treat operative patients with protective antibiotics and often choose cefazolin as the drug. Treatment schemes include both preoperative intravenous dosing and intraoperative dosing by irrigation. This study was designed to measure cefazolin concentrations both in serum and in wound drain fluid after intravenous dosing and after irrigation., Methods: The authors conducted an institutional review board-approved study involving randomized allocation of breast reduction patients to group 1 (preoperative intravenous dosing) or group 2 (intraoperative dosing by irrigation). Each patient had serum and wound drainage specimens measured over time for cefazolin concentrations. Cefazolin dosing was based on preparations commonly used in the authors' hospital. Results from 24 patients are reported., Results: Patients treated by conventional preoperative intravenous dosing displayed the expected serum degradation curve. These patients also demonstrated wound drainage concentrations (peak, 22.49 microg/ml) for approximately 4 to 5 hours. Measured concentrations were above the minimum therapeutic concentration (8 microg/ml) for Staphylococcus aureus. Patients treated by wound irrigation also demonstrated serum concentrations above minimum therapeutic concentration. In addition, these patients' wound drain fluid demonstrated very high cefazolin concentrations (peak, 4185.93 microg/ml), which remained high for 24 hours., Conclusions: Protective cefazolin concentrations in the wound can be achieved by both intravenous and irrigation delivery. Wound irrigation produces higher concentrations for longer periods of time.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Hypertriglyceridemia and megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome.
- Author
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Pohl J, Chandra R, Corpuz G, McNeal C, and Macfarlane R
- Subjects
- Abnormalities, Multiple, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Hypertriglyceridemia surgery, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Intestinal Diseases diagnosis, Intestinal Diseases surgery, Intestines transplantation, Liver Transplantation, Pancreas Transplantation, Peristalsis, Syndrome, Treatment Outcome, Colon abnormalities, Gastrointestinal Motility, Hypertriglyceridemia etiology, Intestinal Diseases complications, Intestinal Diseases congenital
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Abetalipoproteinemia.
- Author
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Pautler D, Easley D, and Pohl JF
- Subjects
- Abetalipoproteinemia pathology, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Dietary Supplements, Humans, Infant, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Intestinal Mucosa pathology, Lipoproteins, LDL metabolism, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Treatment Outcome, Vitamins therapeutic use, Abetalipoproteinemia diagnosis, Abetalipoproteinemia therapy, Lipoproteins, LDL blood, Parenteral Nutrition
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Improving diabetes self-care with a PDA in ambulatory care.
- Author
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Forjuoh SN, Reis MD, Couchman GR, and Ory MG
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Health Care Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Texas, Ambulatory Care, Computers, Handheld, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 therapy, Self Care standards
- Abstract
Use of information technology in diabetes management has been shown to improve self-care. We determined whether enhancing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) self-care with a personal digital assistant (PDA) by patients in the ambulatory setting would improve glycemic control. A pretest/posttest intervention study was conducted in four family practice clinics in a large multispecialty group practice associated with an 186,000-member Health Maintenance Organization. Adults with T2DM and last measured glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of > or = 8.00% received one-on-one training on the use of a loaned PDA pre-installed with "Diabetes Pilot." Changes in HbA1c and other outcomes were assessed at 6 months from baseline for all participants and by participant-reported PDA use patterns, dichotomized into high PDA users (> or =3 days in past 7) and low PDA users (< 3 days). Of 43 subjects enrolled, 18 (41.90%) completed the 6-month intervention. Their mean HbA1c decreased 17.50% from 9.70% at baseline to 8.00%, a significant mean HbA1c change of -1.7% (95% CI = -2.60 to -0.90). The mean HbA1c change was higher among reported high PDA users (n = 9, mean difference = -1.90, 95% CI = -3.20 to -0.50) than among reported low PDA users (n = 9, mean difference = -1.50, 95% CI = -2.80 to -0.30). Significant increases were reported for the foot care and general diet subscales of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities from 3 to 6 months. Enhancing T2DM self-care by adults with a PDA was associated with significant reductions in HbA1c; the reductions were greater among reported high PDA users.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Morphine attenuates microvascular hyperpermeability via a protein kinase A-dependent pathway.
- Author
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Puana R, McAllister RK, Hunter FA, Warden J, and Childs EW
- Subjects
- Adenine analogs & derivatives, Animals, Capillary Permeability drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Male, Mesentery drug effects, Microcirculation drug effects, Microcirculation metabolism, Morphine pharmacology, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Signal Transduction drug effects, Venules drug effects, Venules metabolism, Capillary Permeability physiology, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases physiology, Mesentery blood supply, Mesentery metabolism, Morphine pharmacokinetics, Signal Transduction physiology
- Abstract
Background: A recently published study from our laboratory demonstrated that morphine sulfate (MS) attenuates microvascular hyperpermeability after hemorrhagic shock in rats. MS binds to the mu receptors located on the surface of endothelial cells. Activation of the endothelial cell mu receptors has been shown by several investigators to stimulate adenylate cyclase. We hypothesize that MS binding to the mu receptor on endothelial cells increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate via adenylate cyclase activation. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate inhibits the phosphoinositide/MAP kinase hyperpermeability pathway via the protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent inhibition of Raf-1., Methods: Studies were conducted in five groups of urethane-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats: Group 1--control group, Group 2--a non-receptor-blocking adenylate cyclase inhibitor: SQ22536, at 100 microg/kg (n = 5), Group 3--a PKA inhibitor: H89, at 10 microg/kg, Group 4--a morphine sulfate (10 microg/kg) and PKA inhibitor group, and Group 5--an adenylate cyclase inhibited and morphine (10 microg/kg) group. Intravital microscopy in mesenteric postcapillary venules and rat lung microvascular endothelial cell monolayers were used to measure permeability., Results: Adenylate cyclase and PKA inhibition resulted in vascular hyperpermeability., Conclusion: Our data demonstrated an increase in vascular hyperpermeability after inhibition of adenylate cyclase via SQ22536, a nonreceptor inhibitor. This increase in hyperpermeability was attenuated when treated with MS. Morphine did not attenuate hyperpermeability after blockage following PKA with H89 suggesting the action of MS is upstream of PKA and PKA dependent.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Ultrasound facilitates minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in patients lacking definitive localization from preoperative sestamibi scan.
- Author
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Davis ML, Quayle FJ, Middleton WD, Acosta LM, Hix-Hernandez SJ, Snyder SK, Moley JF, Brunt LM, and Lairmore TC
- Subjects
- Adenoma diagnostic imaging, Adenoma surgery, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Calcium blood, Female, Humans, Hyperparathyroidism surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Parathyroid Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Parathyroid Neoplasms surgery, Predictive Value of Tests, Radionuclide Imaging, Ultrasonography, Hyperparathyroidism diagnostic imaging, Parathyroid Glands diagnostic imaging, Parathyroidectomy, Radiopharmaceuticals, Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi
- Abstract
Background: Sestamibi scanning is commonly used for preoperative localization in patients with hyperparathyroidism. However, 12% to 15% of these studies are equivocal or negative. Ultrasound may also be used to identify patients suitable for a minimally invasive parathyroidectomy., Methods: Data from patients treated for hyperparathyroidism between January 2000 and April 2006 were reviewed retrospectively. Sestamibi and ultrasound results were scored as definitive, suggestive, or negative. Patients with suggestive or negative sestamibi scans were included in the analysis., Results: A total of 261 patients underwent operation without a definitively localizing sestamibi scan. Preoperative neck ultrasound was performed in 80 of these patients. Overall, ultrasound was either conclusive or suggestive in 45 of 80 patients (56%) without a definitively localizing sestamibi scan and correctly correlated with the surgical findings in 38 of 45 (84%) of these patients., Conclusion: In patients with nonlocalizing sestamibi scans, neck ultrasound increases the number of patients suitable for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Persistent hiccups during rehabilitation hospitalization: three case reports and review of the literature.
- Author
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Schuchmann JA and Browne BA
- Subjects
- Aged, Amines administration & dosage, Anti-Anxiety Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Anxiety Agents therapeutic use, Anticonvulsants administration & dosage, Anticonvulsants therapeutic use, Cerebral Infarction complications, Chronic Disease, Contraindications, Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids administration & dosage, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Female, Gabapentin, Hemorrhage complications, Hiccup diagnosis, Hiccup etiology, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Time Factors, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid administration & dosage, Amines therapeutic use, Chlorpromazine therapeutic use, Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids therapeutic use, Dopamine Agonists therapeutic use, Hiccup drug therapy, Rehabilitation Centers, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid therapeutic use
- Abstract
Persistent hiccups have been reported to occur occasionally during rehabilitation hospitalizations. Hiccups can interfere with patient participation and progress, and this can lengthen and complicate the rehabilitation hospitalization. Chlorpromazine, the only Food and Drug Administration-approved agent specifically indicated for hiccups, is often chosen as a first-line treatment. However, chlorpromazine does not always provide favorable results. The intent of this paper is to (1) review hiccups and implications of persistent hiccups in the rehabilitation setting, (2) provide additional evidence that chlorpromazine is often not the best treatment choice for hiccups in rehabilitative patients, (3) report the effectiveness and favorable tolerability of modest doses of gabapentin in a small case series of three patients, and (4) review potentially effective treatment approaches for hiccups.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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