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1. Preventing Severe Respiratory Infections in Children

Author

Jonas, Lauren and Selbst, Steven M.

Subjects
Palivizumab, Lung diseases, Pediatrics, Infants, Infection, Business, Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries
Abstract

A refresher on best interventions for common respiratory disorders in children. This article originally appeared in the September issue of Contemporary Pediatrics and has been lightly edited. Most respiratory infections [...]

Published
2023

2. How to prevent contagious respiratory infections: A refresher on best interventions for these highly contagious respiratory diseases

Author

Jonas, Lauren and Selbst, Steven M.

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Palivizumab, Lung diseases, Infants, Influenza, Drug approval, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

Most respiratory infections present with minor or mild symptoms of the common cold. However, some viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), can cause significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in [...]

Published
2023

10. Medical errors in the pediatric emergency department: Don't make these mistakes!

Author

Selbst, Steven M. and Krill, Kaysi

Subjects
Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Hospitals -- Emergency service, Pediatric emergencies, Medical errors, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

Every physician has likely committed a medical error at some time. (1) Fortunately, most medical errors are minor, and many do not reach the patient. However, one recent study suggested [...]

Published
2020

14. Contributors

Author

Anderson, Beverly, Arnold, Linda D., Attia, Magdy W., Avner, Jeffrey R., Bajaj, Lalit, Baker, M. Douglas, Baum, Carl R., Bender, Brenda J., Bergamo, David, Brenkert, Timothy, Callahan, James M., Caperell, Kerry S., Carron, Hannah, Chung, Sarita, Cronan, Kate M., Del Pizzo, Jeannine, DePiero, Andrew D., Devens, Monique, Diaz, Maria Carmen G., DiGirolamo, Sara, Doctor, Kaynan, Dudley, Nanette C., Duffy, Susan J., Durani, Yamini, Florin, Todd A., Friedlaender, Eron Y., Friedman, Marla, Fuchs, Susan, Gala, Payal K., Giordano, Katie, Giovanni, Joan Elizabeth, Glissmeyer, Eric W., Hammett, Deborah L., Handa, Arun, Hart, Rebecca J., Hodge, Dee, Hsiao, Allen L., Ishimine, Paul, Johnson, Laurie H., Joshi, Priyanka, Kadish, Howard, Kahane, Caroline G., Kelly, Susan M., Kennedy, Thomas M., Kieffer, Jody C., Kim, Jenny, Kusulas, Matthew P., Lavoie, Megan, Loiselle, John M., Lorch, Margarita S., Ludwig, Stephen, Malburg, Louise, Marchese, Ronald F., Mascarenas, Danielle N., McAneney, Constance M., McNickle, Lauren, Meghpara, Meghan, Mercurio, Laura, Nadel, Frances M., Nelson, Courtney E., Olympia, Robert P., Osterhoudt, Kevin C., Park, Brian L., Pifko, Elysha, Popovsky, Erica Y., Posner, Jill C., Prater, Samuel J., Prince, William B., Rice, Joshua, Riverso, Marisa, Rogers, Elisabeth, Rose, Nevena, Runkle, Anne, Russell, Brittney, Russo, Christopher J., Ryan, Sydney, Sandelich, Stephen, Santry, Laura, Sapien, Robert E., Savage, Jillian Stevens, Scarfone, Richard J., Schremmer, Robert D., Schutzman, Sara A., Schwab, Sandra H., Selbst, Steven M., Sells, Laura L., Seo, Suzanne, Shook, Joan E., Singh, Sabina B., Smith, Nadine, Stevens, Martha W. (Molly), Szydlowski, Ellen G., Taylor, Alexandra A., Thompson, Amy D., Tsarouhas, Nicholas, Tunc, Emine M., Weihmiller, Sarah N., Woodward, George A. (Tony), Yusuf, Shabana, and Zomorrodi, Arezoo

Published
2025
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26. Is there a doctor on board? What to do in the case of an in-flight medical emergency

Author

Selbst, Steven M.

Subjects
Medical ethics -- Analysis, Physicians -- Practice, Decision making -- Usage, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

Managing a patient with a medical emergency while on a commercial airline flight can be a challenge. Physicians have a moral and ethical duty to help if possible, but you're [...]

Published
2012

29. Contributors

Author

Adams, David, primary, Adams, Sherri L., additional, Agarwal, Chhavi, additional, Alpern, Elizabeth R., additional, Matheny Antommaria, Armand H., additional, Bair-Merritt, Megan H., additional, Baptista-Neto, Lourival, additional, Baren, Jill, additional, Baum, Carl R., additional, Baum, Eric D., additional, Beasley, Pamela J., additional, Beno, Suzanne, additional, Bernard, Laurie A., additional, Bernstein, Stacey E., additional, Brands, Chad K., additional, Brennan, Laura K., additional, Brett-Fleegler, Marisa B., additional, Butte, Manish J., additional, Byerley, Julie Story, additional, Calello, Diane P., additional, Caplin, Deirdre, additional, Carlisle, Rebecca G., additional, Carlson, Douglas W., additional, Carroll, Jean Marie, additional, Chang, Mary Wu, additional, Cheng, Grace M., additional, Chidekel, Aaron S., additional, Chitkara, Denesh K., additional, Chiu, Bill, additional, Cho, Christine S., additional, Chow, Jeanne S., additional, Cilento, Bartley G., additional, Coffin, Susan E., additional, Cohen, Bernard A., additional, Cole, Kristina A., additional, Conway, Patrick H., additional, Cooper, Maura, additional, Cornell, Timothy, additional, Cronan, Kate M., additional, Cross, Catherine, additional, Cunningham, Bari B., additional, Cunningham, Melody J., additional, Daru, Jennifer A., additional, Davis, Ian J., additional, Deardorff, Matthew A., additional, Degar, Barbara, additional, DelVecchio, Michael, additional, DeMaso, David Ray, additional, Ungria, Marissa de, additional, Dewar, Stephanie B., additional, DeWolfe, Craig C., additional, Dimmers, Martha, additional, Dinulos, James G.H., additional, Donovan, Ed, additional, Dooley, Kenneth J., additional, Doyne, Emmanuel, additional, Duncan, Christine N., additional, Egan, Marie, additional, Eichenfield, Lawrence F., additional, El-hallak, Moussa, additional, Elisofon, Scott A., additional, Eppes, Stephen C., additional, Ewald, Michele Burns, additional, Farah, Mirna M., additional, Feudtner, Chris, additional, Fine, Andrew M., additional, Frangiskakis, Susan Hetzel, additional, Frank, Gary, additional, Frehm, Eric, additional, Frei, Nicole R., additional, Frieden, Ilona J., additional, Friedlaender, Eron Y., additional, Friedman, Jeremy, additional, Fryer, Robert Hugh, additional, Fulton, David R., additional, Galardy, Paul J., additional, Galashan, Mirabai, additional, Gallagher, Mary Pat, additional, Gamulka, Beth D., additional, Gandhi, Rupali, additional, Garza, Mary B., additional, Garzon, Maria C., additional, Geggel, Robert L., additional, Gewitz, Michael H., additional, Gibson, Timothy, additional, Gilliam, Amy E., additional, Ginnis, Katherine B., additional, Goldberg, Amy, additional, Golja, Anna M., additional, Gregory, Melissa J., additional, Harper, April A., additional, Harris, Mary Catherine, additional, Hayes, Natalie, additional, Heeney, Matthew M., additional, Heinzman, Diana M., additional, Heltzer, Meredith Lee, additional, Herzog, Keith D., additional, Hill, Malinda Ann, additional, Hills, Jessica L., additional, Hoberman, Alejandro, additional, Hoehn, K. Sarah, additional, Hoffman, Amber M., additional, Hoffman, Robert J., additional, Holst, Amy P., additional, Homer, Charles J., additional, Honig, Paul J., additional, Hopkins, Patricia M., additional, Hormann, Mark D., additional, Horn, B. David, additional, Isakoff, Michael S., additional, Janeway, Katherine A., additional, Jin, Katherine Ahn, additional, Jonas, Maureen M., additional, Kang, Tammy, additional, Keilty, Krista, additional, Keren, Ron, additional, Kharbanda, Anupam, additional, Kiesau, Marin, additional, Kim, Caroline C., additional, Kim, Jason Y., additional, Kim, Juliann Lipps, additional, Klein, Nicola, additional, Kleinman, Paul K., additional, Korin, Joel B., additional, Kotagal, Uma, additional, Kresnicka, Lisa K., additional, Kronfol, Rana N., additional, Kuelbs, Cynthia L., additional, Kugathasan, Subra, additional, Kurbegov, Amethyst C., additional, Landrigan, Christopher P., additional, Laufer, Miriam, additional, Lauren, Christine, additional, Lebovitz, Daniel J., additional, Leibel, Natasha, additional, Leung, Lucinda P., additional, Levine, Leonard J., additional, Levy, Jason A., additional, Lewis, Phyllis A., additional, Liang, Marilyn G., additional, Licht, Daniel J., additional, Long, Carolyn M., additional, Louie, Jeffrey P., additional, Love, Barry A., additional, Lowery, Patricia V., additional, MacLusky, Ian B., additional, Madejczyk, Katarzyna, additional, Madonna, Mary Beth, additional, Mahant, Sanjay, additional, Manicone, Paul E., additional, Maniscalco, Jennifer, additional, Mann, Keith, additional, Mannix, Rebekah, additional, Mansbach, Jonathan M., additional, Mattei, Peter, additional, Mayer, Oscar H., additional, McBride, Sarah C., additional, McBryde, Kevin D., additional, McKee, Michele R., additional, McNett, William, additional, Melzer, Sanford M., additional, Metjian, Talene A., additional, Metry, Denise W., additional, Muething, Stephen E., additional, Milliken, Emily E., additional, Mirkinson, Laura J., additional, Mittal, Manoj K., additional, Mix, Angela C., additional, Monzack, Debra, additional, Morel, Kimberly D., additional, Moses, Douglas E., additional, Mowad, Eugene M., additional, Mullen, Elizabeth A., additional, Mulliken, John B., additional, Muret-Wagstaff, Sharon, additional, Murphy, Nancy, additional, Nadel, Frances M., additional, Nagler, Joshua, additional, Nard, James A., additional, Neuman, Mark I., additional, Newland, Jason G., additional, Newton, Alice W., additional, Nichol, Peter F., additional, Nigrovic, Lise E., additional, Noel, Richard J., additional, Oberfield, Sharon E., additional, O'Brien, Maureen M., additional, O'Connell, Karen J., additional, Osterhoudt, Kevin C., additional, Ottolini, Mary, additional, Padman, Raj, additional, Padua, Horacio M., additional, Patel, Alka, additional, Pati, Susmita, additional, Percelay, Jack M., additional, Perez-Rossello, Jeannette M., additional, Phelan, Kieran J., additional, Poduri, Annapurna, additional, Poley, J. Rainer, additional, Posner, Jill C., additional, Prahalad, Sampath, additional, Pride, Howard B., additional, Rauch, Daniel, additional, Rawat, David J., additional, Reeves, Scott, additional, Reirden, Daniel H., additional, Roberts, Brandie J., additional, Rodgers, Jack, additional, Romero, José R., additional, Rosen, Paul, additional, Rubin, David M., additional, Sampayo, Esther Maria, additional, Samson-Fang, Lisa, additional, Santucci, Gina, additional, Schaffer, Julie V., additional, Schetzina, Karen E., additional, Schwab, Sandra, additional, Schwarz, Donald F., additional, Scott, Jordan, additional, Selbst, Steven M., additional, Shah, Kara N., additional, Shah, Samir S., additional, Shaikh, Nader, additional, Shannon, Michael W., additional, Sharma, Adhi N., additional, Siberry, George K., additional, Smith, Karen, additional, Smith, Michael J., additional, Somers, Michael J.G., additional, Sondheimer, Neal, additional, Spalding, Steven J., additional, Spandorfer, Philip R., additional, Spergel, Jonathan M., additional, Sperring, Jeffrey L., additional, Spiegel, David A., additional, Srivastava, Rajendu, additional, St. John, Keith H., additional, Stephens, Michael C., additional, Stewart, Christopher C., additional, Stone, Bryan L., additional, Stucky, Erin R., additional, Sundel, Eric R., additional, Sundel, Robert, additional, Swanson, Suzanne, additional, Taylor, Lesli, additional, Thompson, E. Douglas, additional, Traum, Avram Z., additional, Trivedi, Harsh K., additional, Upham, Bryan D., additional, Vandeven, Andrea M., additional, Vaughan, Brigid L., additional, Venditti, Charles P., additional, Villalva, Venus M., additional, Vincent, Robert N., additional, Volchenboum, Samuel, additional, Vossmeyer, Michael T., additional, Wachter, Robert M., additional, Weiner, Daniel J., additional, Weinstein, Michael, additional, Wharff, Elizabeth A., additional, Wilson, Stephen D., additional, Winkelstein, Jerry A., additional, Wolf, Heidi, additional, Woodward, George A., additional, Yan, Albert C., additional, Zackai, Elaine H., additional, Zaenglein, Andrea L., additional, Zaoutis, Theoklis E., additional, and Zipes, David, additional

Published
2007
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34. The difficult duty of disclosing medical errors: Few tasks are harder than telling a patient and family that they have fallen victim to a medical mistake. A forthright, sensitive approach is the best course

Author

Selbst, Steven M.

Subjects
Government regulation, Medical ethics -- Evaluation, Medical errors -- Ethical aspects, Medical errors -- Laws, regulations and rules
Abstract

In February 2003, a 17-year-old girl received a heart and lung transplant at Duke University Hospital in Durham, N.C. The operation went smoothly until tests performed near its completion revealed [...]

Published
2003

40. Cephalexin and penicillin in the treatment of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal throat infections

Author

Disney, Frank A., Dillon, Hugh, Blumer, Jeffrey L., Dudding, Burton A., McLinn, Samuel E., Nelson, David B., and Selbst, Steven M.

Subjects
Cephalexin -- Evaluation, Penicillin -- Evaluation, Streptococcal infections -- Drug therapy, Family and marriage, Health
Abstract

* Objective.--To determine whether cephalexin or penicillin is more effective in the treatment of group A [Beta]-hemolytic streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis in children. Design.--Randomized, double-blind, crossover study conducted from 1981 to 1984. Setting.--Seven pediatric practices in the United States, including private offices and pediatric clinics. Participants.--Of the 654 patients, 525 children and adolescents with clinical evidence of tonsillitis or pharyngitis and throat cultures positive for group A [Beta]-hemolytic streptococcal infection were evaluable. Eighty percent of patients completed the study; none were withdrawn because of adverse reaction. Selection Criteria.--Children and adolescents who had acute illness suggestive of group A [Beta]-hemolytic streptococcal infection were enrolled in the study. Treatment was continued if the throat culture was positive for group A [Beta]-hemolytic streptococcal infection. interventions.--Four doses of cephalexin and penicillin (27 mg/kg per day) were prescribed to be taken on an empty stomach for 10 days. Measurements/Main Results.--Symptomatic clinical failure occurred in 8% of penicillin-treated patients and in 3% of cephalexin-treated patients. Bacteriologic failure rates were 11% in the penicillin treatment group and 7% in the cephalexin treatment group. The combined treatment failure rate of clinical relapse plus asymptomatic bacteriologic failure was 19% in the penicillin treatment group and 10% in the cephalexin treatment group. Paired antistreptolysin-O titer increased significantly in 62.3% of penicillin-treated patients and in 64.2% of cephalexin-treated patients. Similarly, anti-DNase B titers rose 52.2% in penicillin-treated patients and 52.4% in cephalexin-treated patients. Conclusion.--Cephalexin is a more effective drug than penicillin in the treatment of group A [Beta]-hemolytic streptococcal throat infection in children. (AJDC 1992;146:1324-1327)

Published
1992

41. Blood lead levels in children with foreign bodies

Author

Wiley, James F., II, Henretig, Fred M., and Selbst, Steven M.

Subjects
Lead poisoning -- Diagnosis, Blood -- Medical examination, Lead in the body -- Measurement, Children -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

To determine the risk of increased blood lead levels in children with aural, nasal, or gastrointestinal foreign bodies, the authors prospectively obtained venous blood lead and erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels from 40 study patients and two control groups without foreign bodies (65 patients presenting to a medical clinic and 40 patients presenting to an emergency department). A questionnaire was used to assess environmental and behavioral risk factors for lead poisoning in the three groups. Mean blood lead level was higher in children with foreign bodies (P < .001), and they were more likely to have a venous blood lead value of more than 1.2 [mu] mol/L 25 [mu] g/dL, P < .01) than patients in either control group. Seventy-eight percent of study patients had no prior lead screening by parent&apos;s report vs 64% of emergency department control subjects and 55% of medical clinic control subjects. Control patients in the emergency department had the same incidence of elevated blood lead values as patients enrolled from the medical clinic (6%). No differences in environmental risk factors were found among the three groups. Study patients more often had a history of pica or ingestion of a poison than control patients from the medical clinic. Inner-city children with foreign bodies have increased lead exposure and may have an increased risk for lead poisoning. In areas of high prevalence of lead poisoning, children with foreign bodies should be screened for lead poisoning in the emergency department. General lead screening in the emergency department may be justified for high-risk, inner-city population. Pediatrics 1992;89:593-596

Published
1992

44. Lacerations in urban children: a prospective 12-January study

Author

Baker, M. Douglas, Selbst, Steven M., and Lanuti, Michael

Subjects
Children's accidents -- Statistics, Wounds and injuries -- Statistics, Children -- Injuries, Family and marriage, Health
Abstract

Lacerations (cuts) account for approximately 30 to 40 percent of all injuries treated in pediatric emergency departments. The incidence of lacerations was analyzed by age, sex, manner of injury, time of injury, area of occurrence, body area involved, and method of treatment. For boys, the incidence was greatest in the one to two-year age group, and most frequent in girls in the two to three-year age group. Lacerations occurred more frequently between May and August than any other time of the year, and most often occurred between three and nine p.m. Most laceration injuries, 47 percent, occurred in the indoors and 22.5 percent took place outdoors. The cuts occurred during play 42.3 percent of the time, and during the course of regular daily activity 32.1 percent of the time. Other common causes of lacerations were fighting (seven percent) and bicycling (five percent). Forty-four percent of these injuries were caused by falls, particularly, from furniture, bicycles, and stairs. The materials most frequently responsible for the cuts were broken glass (15 percent), wooden furniture (12 percent), and concrete or asphalt (11 percent). Cuts from these objects were often caused by bumping into furniture or falling on concrete. Broken-glass lacerations also resulted from falls in the street. Measures such as glass recycling, which would reduce the amount of glass debris in the streets, would prevent many of these accidents. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

47. When and how to retrieve foreign bodies

Author

Friedman, Ellen M., Munter, David W., Richards, Jr., John W., Selbst, Steven M., and Ringel, Marcia

Subjects
Batteries -- Health aspects, Emergency medicine -- Practice -- Health aspects, Foreign bodies (Medical care) -- Care and treatment, Health, Practice, Care and treatment, Health aspects
Abstract

Is the situation benign or a real risk to life? Should you treat or refer? Assessing and managing foreign body obstructions require prompt attention, diagnostic ingenuity, and proper selection of [...]

Published
1997

49. Chest pain in children: follow-up of patients previously reported

Author

Selbst, Steven M., Ruddy, Richard, and Clark, B.J.

Subjects
Chest pain -- Causes of, Pain in children -- Causes of, Children -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

The development of chest pain in children is rarely associated with heart or lung disease. Hence, extensive laboratory tests are not recommended, and in the absence of abnormal clinical findings, the patient and family should be assured that the pain will not have serious consequences. However, there is limited knowledge about the long-term consequences of chest pain in children. The long-term outcome of chest pain in children was studied by reviewing 407 cases of children with chest pain seen in a hospital emergency department over a one-year period. One hundred and forty-nine children were followed for six months, and 51 children were followed for two years or more. These children returned to the hospital for an average of 3.4 follow-up visits. The initial diagnosis was changed in 34 percent of these cases. Most cases of chest pain were related to non-physical causes; chest pain in children can be caused by emotional stress. An organic or physical cause was identified in only 12 of 149 cases. Only one child was found to have a heart disorder, whereas three children had asthma. Chest pain did not improve in 43 percent of cases. Although children with chest pain should be followed-up to assess the persistence of chest pain, it is unlikely that a serious disease will be identified as a cause of this symptom. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

50. The pediatrician as expert witness: participation and reduction to this activity

Author

Boenning, Douglas A., Selbst, Steven M., Freed, Lorraine H., and Groves, Ashley M.

Subjects
Pediatricians -- Surveys, Evidence, Expert -- Surveys, Family and marriage, Health
Abstract

* Little is known about the qualifications and motives of pediatricians who provide expert witness testimony. Pediatricians in Pennsylvania were surveyed anonymously to learn more about this practice. Two hundred fifty-five (49%) of 520 pediatricians responded, and 126 of these physicians had provided expert testimony at some time. Fully affiliated medical school faculty members were more likely to act as expert witnesses than were other pediatricians. Seventy-seven (61%) did so to defend a fellow physician. Only eight (6%) were listed with an organization that provides expert witnesses. Pediatricians were selective about their involvement as expert witnesses, and 96 (76%) had refused to give testimony at some time. Most were paid an hourly rate, which was in keeping with charges for medical consultation or lecturing. More than 80% of respondents were unhappy with the present system of procuring expert witnesses. (AJDC. 1992;146:1107-1109)

Published
1992

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