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Abstract Network traffic must be monitored and analyzed for any abnormal activity in order to detect intrusions and to notify administrators of any attacks. A novel ensemble of deep learning technique is proposed to enhance the efficiency of Packet Flow Classification in Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS). The proposed work consists of three phases: (i) Feature Augmented Convolutional Neural Network (FA-CNN) (ii) Deep Autoencoder (iii) Ensemble of FA-CNN and Deep Autoencoder. In FA-CNN, CNN is trained with augmented features selected using Mutual Information. The FA-CNN is ensembled with Deep Autoencoder to design the ensemble of the classifier. To assess the stated ensemble model, numerous experiments are conducted on benchmark datasets like NSL-KDD and CICDS2017. The result findings are compared with the recent methodologies to assess the performance of the stated work. The results indicate that the suggested work performs better than the existing works with the overall accuracy of 97% for NSLKDD and 95% for CICIDS2017 dataset. Also, the proposed method improved the detection rate of minority attack classes like U2R in NSLKDD and Hearbleed in CICIDS2017.

Purpose: This study examines the impacts of omitting nasogastric tube (NGT) placement following cervical esophagogastric anastomosis (CEGA) in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, comparing outcomes to those from early NGT removal. Methods : In a retrospective cohort of esophagectomy patients treated for esophageal cancer, participants were divided into two groups: group 1 had the NGT inserted post-CEGA and removed by postoperative day 3, while group 2 underwent the procedure without NGT placement. We primarily investigated anastomotic leak rates, also analyzing hospital stay duration, pulmonary complications, and NGT reinsertion. Results : Among 50 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients, 30 in group I were compared with 20 in group II. The baseline demographic and tumor characteristics were similar between both groups. The overall incidence of anastomotic leak was 14.0%, comparable in both groups (16.7% vs. 10.0%, p = 0.63). The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the no NGT group (median of 7 days vs. 6 days, p = 0.03) with similar major morbidity (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥IIIa; 13.3% vs. 5.0%, p = 0.63). There was no 30-day mortality, and one patient in each group had reinsertion of NGT for conduit dilatation. Conclusion : The exclusion of an NGT across CEGA after esophagectomy did not influence the anastomotic leak rate with comparable complications and a shorter hospital stay.

Hepaticojejunostomy is currently the best treatment for post-cholecystectomy biliary strictures. Laparoscopic repair has not gained popularity due to difficult reconstruction. We present case of 43-year-old-female with Bismuth type 2 stricture following laparoscopic converted open cholecystectomy with bile duct injury done elsewhere. Position was modified Llyod-Davis position and four 8-mm robotic ports (including camera) and 12-mm assistant port were placed. The procedure included noticeable steps such as adhesiolysis, identification of gallbladder fossa, identification of common hepatic duct, lowering of hilar plate etc. Operating and console time were 420 and 350 minutes and blood loss was 100 mL. Patient was discharged on postoperative day 4. Robotic repair (hepaticojejunostomy) of biliary tract stricture after cholecystectomy is safe and feasible with good outcomes.

Eighty two soil samples were screened for the prevalence of Chrysosporium and dermatophytes. Out of the 75 positive samples 2 were M. gypseum and 73 were Chrysosporium spp.None of the soil samples yielded both Chrysosporium spp. and M. gypseum. The co- inoculation of Chrysosporium spp. with different species of dermatophytes (T. rubrum. T. Mentagrophytes. E. floccosum and M. gypseum) in sterilized soil revealed that none of the dermatophytes except M. gypseum could be recovered after the 15th day of co- inoculation. Whereas, these organisms when inoculated alone in sterilized soil, could be recovered even upto 25 days. In the light of the above finding, we suggest that Chrysosporium spp. might pose a definite challenge to dermatophytes in their saprophytic existence in soil.

Different strains of common dermatophytes including different mating strain, collected from clinical, animal and soil sources as also some tester strains, were studied for their proteolytic enzyme activity during vegetative and sporulation phases. Sabourausâ€s dextrose broth and Takashio broth were used to induce vegetative and sporulation phases respectively in these dermatophytes. All the strains of T. rubrum showed very low enzyme activity during sporulation when compared vegetative growth phase. In other species of dermatophytes. The enzyme activity was found to be almost similar during both the growth phases. High protease production in association with one mating type of A. vanbreuseghemii was observed. The enzme activity of clinical isolates of the non-anthropophilic species such T. simii, M. nanum and M. gypseum were relatively low when compared to T.mentagrophytes var. interdigitale and T. tonsurans. The severity of the lesion produced by these established the fact that protease in dermatophytes has a define role in pathogenesis. Protease production during sporulation in T. rubrum may be one of the selective advantages of this species. General protease production was found to be independent of mating type in most of the dermatophyte species.

The improved supercapacitor performance of bismuth oxide/zinc oxide-incorporated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (Bi2O3/ZnO:rGO-BZR) nanocomposites (NCs) in newly formulated potassium ferrocyanide-based electrolyte is reported here. BZR NCs were synthesized hydrothermally at 160° and their physicochemical characteristics were examined. The formation of Bi2O3 and ZnO crystalline phases with tetragonal and hexagonal structures, respectively, in BZR NCs was revealed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The presence of thin/transparent rGO nanosheets, Bi2O3 nanosheets, and ZnO nanoflowers was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analyses. The electrochemical characteristics were investigated through the development of working electrodes/devices with BZR NCs and tested in 1 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) and 1 M KOH with potassium ferrocyanide added (redox additive electrolyte [RAE]) electrolytes, respectively. The fabricated working electrode with BZR NCs demonstrated cyclic stability of 89.67% (5000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles) with specific capacitance of 2765 F g−1 in RAE. Likewise, the fabricated BZR NC-loaded supercapacitors demonstrated maximum specific capacitance of 197.2 F g−1, with energy and power density of 34.20 Wh kg−1 and 1890 W kg−1, respectively, in RAE. The proposed BZR NC-based devices thus exhibit improved power and energy density with excellent cycle stability, a core benefit for long-term industrial usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]