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1. Language production impairments in patients with a first episode of psychosis

Author

Gargano, G, Caletti, E, Perlini, C, Turtulici, N, Bellani, M, Bonivento, C, Garzitto, M, Siri, F, Longo, C, Bonetto, C, Cristofalo, D, Scocco, P, Semrov, E, Preti, A, Lazzarotto, L, Gardellin, F, Lasalvia, A, Ruggeri, M, Marini, A, Brambilla, P, Bertani, M, Bissoli, S, De Santi, K, Lunardi, S, Negretto, V, Poli, S, Tosato, S, Zamboni, M, Ballarin, M, De Girolamo, G, Fioritti, A, Neri, G, Pileggi, F, Rucci, P, Chiavetto, L, Scasselatti, C, Zanardini, R, Bertoldo, A, Marinelli, V, Rambaldelli, G, Bardella, S, Lamonaca, D, Lunardon, M, Magnabosco, R, Martucci, M, Nicolau, S, Nifosi, F, Pavanati, M, Rossi, M, Piazza, C, Piccione, G, Sala, A, Sale, A, Stefani, B, Zotos, S, Balbo, M, Boggian, I, Ceccato, E, Dall'Agnola, R, Girotto, B, Goss, C, Leoni, R, Mai, A, Pasqualini, A, Roccato, S, Rossi, A, Strizzolo, S, Urbani, A, Aldi, F, Bianchi, B, Cappellari, P, Conti, R, De Battisti, L, Lazzarin, E, Merlin, S, Migliorini, G, Pozzan, T, Sarto, L, Visona, S, Brazzoli, A, Campi, A, Carmagnani, R, Giambelli, S, Gianella, A, Lunardi, L, Madaghiele, D, Maestrelli, P, Paiola, L, Posteri, E, Viola, L, Zamberlan, V, Zenari, M, Zanoni, M, Bonadonna, G, Bonomo, M, Santonastaso, P, Cremonese, C, Veronese, A, Anderle, P, Angelozzi, A, Baron, I, Candeago, E, Castelli, F, Chieco, M, Di Costanzo, E, Derossi, M, Doriguzzi, M, Galvano, O, Lattanzi, M, Lezzi, R, Marcato, M, Marcolin, A, Marini, F, Matranga, M, Scalabrin, D, Zucchetto, M, Zadro, F, Austoni, G, Bianco, M, Bordino, F, Dario, F, De Risio, A, Gatto, A, Grana, S, Favero, E, Franceschini, A, Friederici, S, Marangon, V, Pascolo, M, Ramon, L, Zambolin, S, Riolo, R, Buffon, A, Di Bortolo, E, Fortin, S, Matarrese, F, Mogni, S, Codemo, N, Russi, A, Silvestro, A, Turella, E, Viel, P, Dominoni, A, Andreose, L, Boemio, M, Bressan, L, Cabbia, A, Canesso, E, Cian, R, Dal Piccol, C, Pasqua, M, Di Prisco, A, Mantellato, L, Luison, M, Morgante, S, Santi, M, Sacillotto, M, Scabbio, M, Sponga, P, Sguotto, M, Stach, F, Vettorato, M, Martinello, G, Dassie, F, Marino, S, Cibiniel, L, Masetto, I, Cabianca, O, Valente, A, Caberlotto, L, Passoni, A, Flumian, P, Daniel, L, Gion, M, Stanziale, S, Alborino, F, Bortolozzo, V, Bacelle, L, Bicciato, L, Basso, D, Navaglia, F, Manoni, F, Ercolin, M, Giubilini, F, Imbesi, M, Leuci, E, Mazzi, F, Anelli, S, Amore, M, Bigi, L, Britta, W, Anna, G, Bonatti, U, Borziani, M, Crosato, S, Fabris, I, Galluccio, R, Galeotti, M, Gozzi, M, Greco, V, Guagnini, E, Pagani, S, Maccherozzi, S, Malvasi, R, Marchi, F, Melato, E, Mazzucchi, E, Marzullo, F, Pellegrini, P, Petrolini, N, Volta, P, Bonara, F, Brusamonti, E, Croci, R, Flamia, I, Fontana, F, Losi, R, Marchioro, R, Raffaini, L, Ruju, L, Saginario, A, Tondelli, M, Marrama, D, Bernardelli, L, Bonacini, F, Florindo, A, Merli, M, Nappo, P, Sola, L, Tondelli, O, Tonna, M, Torre, M, Tosatti, M, Venturelli, G, Zampolla, D, Bernardi, A, Cavalli, C, Cigala, L, Ciraudo, C, Di Bari, A, Ferri, L, Gombi, F, Leurini, S, Mandatelli, E, Maccaferri, S, Oroboncoide, M, Pisa, B, Ricci, C, Poggi, E, Zurlini, C, Malpeli, M, Colla, R, Teodori, E, Vecchia, L, D'Andrea, R, Trenti, T, Paolini, P, Carpeggiani, P, Ghigi, D, Gagliostro, M, Pratelli, M, Antonelli, A, Battistini, L, Bellini, F, Bonini, E, Capelli, C, Didomizio, C, Drei, C, Fucci, G, Gualandi, A, Grazia, M, Losi, A, Mazzoni, F, Marangoni, D, Monna, G, Morselli, M, Oggioni, A, Oprandi, S, Paganelli, W, Passerini, M, Piscitelli, M, Reggiani, G, Rossi, G, Salvatori, F, Trasforini, S, Uslenghi, C, Veggetti, S, Bartolucci, G, Baruffa, R, Bertelli, R, Borghi, L, Ciavarella, P, Paltrinieri, E, Rizzardi, F, Serra, P, Suzzi, D, Arienti, P, Aureli, F, Avanzi, R, Callegari, V, Corsino, A, Host, P, Michetti, R, Rizzo, F, Simoncelli, P, Soldati, E, Succi, E, Bertozzi, M, Canetti, E, Cavicchioli, L, Ceccarelli, E, Cenni, S, Marzola, G, Gallina, V, Leoni, C, Olivieri, A, Piccolo, E, Ravagli, S, Russo, R, Tedeschini, D, Verenini, M, Abram, W, Granata, V, Curcio, A, Guerra, G, Granini, S, Natali, L, Montanari, E, Pasi, F, Ventura, U, Valenti, S, Francesca, M, Farneti, R, Ravagli, P, Floris, R, Maroncelli, O, Volpones, G, Casali, D, Miceli, M, Bencini, A, Cellini, M, De Biase, L, Barbara, L, Charles, L, Pratesi, C, Tanini, A, Loparrino, R, Ulivelli, C, Cussoto, C, Dei, N, Fumanti, E, Pantani, M, Zeloni, G, Bellini, R, Cellesi, R, Dorigo, N, Gulli, P, Ialeggio, L, Pisanu, M, Rinaldi, G, Konze, A, Cocchi, A, Meneghelli, A, Frova, M, Monzani, E, Zanobio, A, Malagoli, M, Pagani, R, Barbera, S, Morganti, C, Amade, E, Brambilla, V, Montanari, A, Caterina, G, Lopez, C, Marocchi, A, Moletta, A, Sberna, M, Cascio, M, Scarone, S, Gargano G., Caletti E., Perlini C., Turtulici N., Bellani M., Bonivento C., Garzitto M., Siri F. M., Longo C., Bonetto C., Cristofalo D., Scocco P., Semrov E., Preti A., Lazzarotto L., Gardellin F., Lasalvia A., Ruggeri M., Marini A., Brambilla P., Bertani M. E., Bissoli S., De Santi K., Lunardi S., Negretto V., Poli S., Tosato S., Zamboni M. G., Ballarin M., De Girolamo G., Fioritti A., Neri G., Pileggi F., Rucci P., Chiavetto L. B., Scasselatti C., Zanardini R., Bertoldo A., Marinelli V., Rambaldelli G., Bardella S., Lamonaca D., Lunardon M., Magnabosco R., Martucci M., Nicolau S., Nifosi F., Pavanati M., Rossi M., Piazza C., Piccione G., Sala A., Sale A., Stefani B., Zotos S., Balbo M., Boggian I., Ceccato E., Dall'Agnola R., Girotto B., Goss C., Leoni R., Mai A., Pasqualini A., Roccato S., Rossi A., Strizzolo S., Urbani A., Aldi F., Bianchi B., Cappellari P., Conti R., De Battisti L., Lazzarin E., Merlin S., Migliorini G., Pozzan T., Sarto L., Visona S., Brazzoli A., Campi A., Carmagnani R., Giambelli S., Gianella A., Lunardi L., Madaghiele D., Maestrelli P., Paiola L., Posteri E., Viola L., Zamberlan V., Zenari M., Zanoni M., Bonadonna G., Bonomo M., Santonastaso P., Cremonese C., Veronese A., Anderle P., Angelozzi A., Baron I. A. G., Candeago E. B. F., Castelli F., Chieco M., Di Costanzo E., Derossi M., Doriguzzi M., Galvano O., Lattanzi M., Lezzi R., Marcato M., Marcolin A., Marini F., Matranga M., Scalabrin D., Zucchetto M., Zadro F., Austoni G., Bianco M., Bordino F., Dario F., De Risio A., Gatto A., Grana S., Favero E., Franceschini A., Friederici S., Marangon V., Pascolo M., Ramon L., Zambolin S., Riolo R., Buffon A., Di Bortolo E., Fortin S., Matarrese F., Mogni S., Codemo N., Russi A., Silvestro A., Turella E., Viel P., Dominoni A., Andreose L., Boemio M., Bressan L., Cabbia A., Canesso E., Cian R., Dal Piccol C., Pasqua M. M. D., Di Prisco A., Mantellato L., Luison M., Morgante S., Santi M., Sacillotto M., Scabbio M., Sponga P., Sguotto M., Stach F., Vettorato M., Martinello G., Dassie F., Marino S., Cibiniel L., Masetto I., Cabianca O., Valente A., Caberlotto L., Passoni A., Flumian P., Daniel L., Gion M., Stanziale S., Alborino F., Bortolozzo V., Bacelle L., Bicciato L., Basso D., Navaglia F., Manoni F., Ercolin M., Giubilini F., Imbesi M., Leuci E., Mazzi F., Anelli S., Amore M., Bigi L., Britta W., Anna G. B., Bonatti U., Borziani M., Crosato S., Fabris I., Galluccio R., Galeotti M., Gozzi M., Greco V., Guagnini E., Pagani S., Maccherozzi S., Malvasi R., Marchi F., Melato E., Mazzucchi E., Marzullo F., Pellegrini P., Petrolini N., Volta P., Bonara F., Brusamonti E., Croci R., Flamia I., Fontana F., Losi R., Marchioro R., Raffaini L., Ruju L., Saginario A., Tondelli M., Marrama D., Bernardelli L., Bonacini F., Florindo A., Merli M., Nappo P., Sola L., Tondelli O., Tonna M., Torre M., Tosatti M., Venturelli G., Zampolla D., Bernardi A., Cavalli C., Cigala L., Ciraudo C., Di Bari A., Ferri L., Gombi F., Leurini S., Mandatelli E., Maccaferri S., Oroboncoide M., Pisa B., Ricci C., Poggi E., Zurlini C., Malpeli M., Colla R., Teodori E., Vecchia L., D'Andrea R., Trenti T., Paolini P., Carpeggiani P., Ghigi D., Gagliostro M., Pratelli M., Antonelli A., Battistini L., Bellini F., Bonini E., Capelli C. B. R., DiDomizio C., Drei C., Fucci G., Gualandi A., Grazia M. R., Losi A. M., Mazzoni F. M. P., Marangoni D., Monna G., Morselli M., Oggioni A., Oprandi S., Paganelli W., Passerini M., Piscitelli M., Reggiani G., Rossi G., Salvatori F., Trasforini S., Uslenghi C., Veggetti S., Bartolucci G., Baruffa R., Bertelli R., Borghi L., Ciavarella P., Paltrinieri E., Rizzardi F., Serra P., Suzzi D., Arienti P., Aureli F., Avanzi R., Callegari V., Corsino A., Host P., Michetti R., Rizzo F., Simoncelli P., Soldati E., Succi E., Bertozzi M., Canetti E., Cavicchioli L., Ceccarelli E., Cenni S., Marzola G., Gallina V., Leoni C., Olivieri A., Piccolo E., Ravagli S., Russo R., Tedeschini D., Verenini M., Abram W., Granata V., Curcio A., Guerra G., Granini S., Natali L., Montanari E., Pasi F., Ventura U., Valenti S., Francesca M., Farneti R., Ravagli P., Floris R., Maroncelli O., Volpones G., Casali D., Miceli M., Bencini A., Cellini M., De Biase L., Barbara L., Charles L., Pratesi C., Tanini A., Loparrino R., Ulivelli C., Cussoto C., Dei N., Fumanti E., Pantani M., Zeloni G., Bellini R., Cellesi R., Dorigo N., Gulli P., Ialeggio L., Pisanu M., Rinaldi G., Konze A., Cocchi A., Meneghelli A., Frova M., Monzani E., Zanobio A., Malagoli M., Pagani R., Barbera S., Morganti C., Amade E. S., Brambilla V., Montanari A., Caterina G., Lopez C., Marocchi A., Moletta A., Sberna M., Cascio M. T., Scarone S., Gargano, G, Caletti, E, Perlini, C, Turtulici, N, Bellani, M, Bonivento, C, Garzitto, M, Siri, F, Longo, C, Bonetto, C, Cristofalo, D, Scocco, P, Semrov, E, Preti, A, Lazzarotto, L, Gardellin, F, Lasalvia, A, Ruggeri, M, Marini, A, Brambilla, P, Bertani, M, Bissoli, S, De Santi, K, Lunardi, S, Negretto, V, Poli, S, Tosato, S, Zamboni, M, Ballarin, M, De Girolamo, G, Fioritti, A, Neri, G, Pileggi, F, Rucci, P, Chiavetto, L, Scasselatti, C, Zanardini, R, Bertoldo, A, Marinelli, V, Rambaldelli, G, Bardella, S, Lamonaca, D, Lunardon, M, Magnabosco, R, Martucci, M, Nicolau, S, Nifosi, F, Pavanati, M, Rossi, M, Piazza, C, Piccione, G, Sala, A, Sale, A, Stefani, B, Zotos, S, Balbo, M, Boggian, I, Ceccato, E, Dall'Agnola, R, Girotto, B, Goss, C, Leoni, R, Mai, A, Pasqualini, A, Roccato, S, Rossi, A, Strizzolo, S, Urbani, A, Aldi, F, Bianchi, B, Cappellari, P, Conti, R, De Battisti, L, Lazzarin, E, Merlin, S, Migliorini, G, Pozzan, T, Sarto, L, Visona, S, Brazzoli, A, Campi, A, Carmagnani, R, Giambelli, S, Gianella, A, Lunardi, L, Madaghiele, D, Maestrelli, P, Paiola, L, Posteri, E, Viola, L, Zamberlan, V, Zenari, M, Zanoni, M, Bonadonna, G, Bonomo, M, Santonastaso, P, Cremonese, C, Veronese, A, Anderle, P, Angelozzi, A, Baron, I, Candeago, E, Castelli, F, Chieco, M, Di Costanzo, E, Derossi, M, Doriguzzi, M, Galvano, O, Lattanzi, M, Lezzi, R, Marcato, M, Marcolin, A, Marini, F, Matranga, M, Scalabrin, D, Zucchetto, M, Zadro, F, Austoni, G, Bianco, M, Bordino, F, Dario, F, De Risio, A, Gatto, A, Grana, S, Favero, E, Franceschini, A, Friederici, S, Marangon, V, Pascolo, M, Ramon, L, Zambolin, S, Riolo, R, Buffon, A, Di Bortolo, E, Fortin, S, Matarrese, F, Mogni, S, Codemo, N, Russi, A, Silvestro, A, Turella, E, Viel, P, Dominoni, A, Andreose, L, Boemio, M, Bressan, L, Cabbia, A, Canesso, E, Cian, R, Dal Piccol, C, Pasqua, M, Di Prisco, A, Mantellato, L, Luison, M, Morgante, S, Santi, M, Sacillotto, M, Scabbio, M, Sponga, P, Sguotto, M, Stach, F, Vettorato, M, Martinello, G, Dassie, F, Marino, S, Cibiniel, L, Masetto, I, Cabianca, O, Valente, A, Caberlotto, L, Passoni, A, Flumian, P, Daniel, L, Gion, M, Stanziale, S, Alborino, F, Bortolozzo, V, Bacelle, L, Bicciato, L, Basso, D, Navaglia, F, Manoni, F, Ercolin, M, Giubilini, F, Imbesi, M, Leuci, E, Mazzi, F, Anelli, S, Amore, M, Bigi, L, Britta, W, Anna, G, Bonatti, U, Borziani, M, Crosato, S, Fabris, I, Galluccio, R, Galeotti, M, Gozzi, M, Greco, V, Guagnini, E, Pagani, S, Maccherozzi, S, Malvasi, R, Marchi, F, Melato, E, Mazzucchi, E, Marzullo, F, Pellegrini, P, Petrolini, N, Volta, P, Bonara, F, Brusamonti, E, Croci, R, Flamia, I, Fontana, F, Losi, R, Marchioro, R, Raffaini, L, Ruju, L, Saginario, A, Tondelli, M, Marrama, D, Bernardelli, L, Bonacini, F, Florindo, A, Merli, M, Nappo, P, Sola, L, Tondelli, O, Tonna, M, Torre, M, Tosatti, M, Venturelli, G, Zampolla, D, Bernardi, A, Cavalli, C, Cigala, L, Ciraudo, C, Di Bari, A, Ferri, L, Gombi, F, Leurini, S, Mandatelli, E, Maccaferri, S, Oroboncoide, M, Pisa, B, Ricci, C, Poggi, E, Zurlini, C, Malpeli, M, Colla, R, Teodori, E, Vecchia, L, D'Andrea, R, Trenti, T, Paolini, P, Carpeggiani, P, Ghigi, D, Gagliostro, M, Pratelli, M, Antonelli, A, Battistini, L, Bellini, F, Bonini, E, Capelli, C, Didomizio, C, Drei, C, Fucci, G, Gualandi, A, Grazia, M, Losi, A, Mazzoni, F, Marangoni, D, Monna, G, Morselli, M, Oggioni, A, Oprandi, S, Paganelli, W, Passerini, M, Piscitelli, M, Reggiani, G, Rossi, G, Salvatori, F, Trasforini, S, Uslenghi, C, Veggetti, S, Bartolucci, G, Baruffa, R, Bertelli, R, Borghi, L, Ciavarella, P, Paltrinieri, E, Rizzardi, F, Serra, P, Suzzi, D, Arienti, P, Aureli, F, Avanzi, R, Callegari, V, Corsino, A, Host, P, Michetti, R, Rizzo, F, Simoncelli, P, Soldati, E, Succi, E, Bertozzi, M, Canetti, E, Cavicchioli, L, Ceccarelli, E, Cenni, S, Marzola, G, Gallina, V, Leoni, C, Olivieri, A, Piccolo, E, Ravagli, S, Russo, R, Tedeschini, D, Verenini, M, Abram, W, Granata, V, Curcio, A, Guerra, G, Granini, S, Natali, L, Montanari, E, Pasi, F, Ventura, U, Valenti, S, Francesca, M, Farneti, R, Ravagli, P, Floris, R, Maroncelli, O, Volpones, G, Casali, D, Miceli, M, Bencini, A, Cellini, M, De Biase, L, Barbara, L, Charles, L, Pratesi, C, Tanini, A, Loparrino, R, Ulivelli, C, Cussoto, C, Dei, N, Fumanti, E, Pantani, M, Zeloni, G, Bellini, R, Cellesi, R, Dorigo, N, Gulli, P, Ialeggio, L, Pisanu, M, Rinaldi, G, Konze, A, Cocchi, A, Meneghelli, A, Frova, M, Monzani, E, Zanobio, A, Malagoli, M, Pagani, R, Barbera, S, Morganti, C, Amade, E, Brambilla, V, Montanari, A, Caterina, G, Lopez, C, Marocchi, A, Moletta, A, Sberna, M, Cascio, M, Scarone, S, Gargano G., Caletti E., Perlini C., Turtulici N., Bellani M., Bonivento C., Garzitto M., Siri F. M., Longo C., Bonetto C., Cristofalo D., Scocco P., Semrov E., Preti A., Lazzarotto L., Gardellin F., Lasalvia A., Ruggeri M., Marini A., Brambilla P., Bertani M. E., Bissoli S., De Santi K., Lunardi S., Negretto V., Poli S., Tosato S., Zamboni M. G., Ballarin M., De Girolamo G., Fioritti A., Neri G., Pileggi F., Rucci P., Chiavetto L. B., Scasselatti C., Zanardini R., Bertoldo A., Marinelli V., Rambaldelli G., Bardella S., Lamonaca D., Lunardon M., Magnabosco R., Martucci M., Nicolau S., Nifosi F., Pavanati M., Rossi M., Piazza C., Piccione G., Sala A., Sale A., Stefani B., Zotos S., Balbo M., Boggian I., Ceccato E., Dall'Agnola R., Girotto B., Goss C., Leoni R., Mai A., Pasqualini A., Roccato S., Rossi A., Strizzolo S., Urbani A., Aldi F., Bianchi B., Cappellari P., Conti R., De Battisti L., Lazzarin E., Merlin S., Migliorini G., Pozzan T., Sarto L., Visona S., Brazzoli A., Campi A., Carmagnani R., Giambelli S., Gianella A., Lunardi L., Madaghiele D., Maestrelli P., Paiola L., Posteri E., Viola L., Zamberlan V., Zenari M., Zanoni M., Bonadonna G., Bonomo M., Santonastaso P., Cremonese C., Veronese A., Anderle P., Angelozzi A., Baron I. A. G., Candeago E. B. F., Castelli F., Chieco M., Di Costanzo E., Derossi M., Doriguzzi M., Galvano O., Lattanzi M., Lezzi R., Marcato M., Marcolin A., Marini F., Matranga M., Scalabrin D., Zucchetto M., Zadro F., Austoni G., Bianco M., Bordino F., Dario F., De Risio A., Gatto A., Grana S., Favero E., Franceschini A., Friederici S., Marangon V., Pascolo M., Ramon L., Zambolin S., Riolo R., Buffon A., Di Bortolo E., Fortin S., Matarrese F., Mogni S., Codemo N., Russi A., Silvestro A., Turella E., Viel P., Dominoni A., Andreose L., Boemio M., Bressan L., Cabbia A., Canesso E., Cian R., Dal Piccol C., Pasqua M. M. D., Di Prisco A., Mantellato L., Luison M., Morgante S., Santi M., Sacillotto M., Scabbio M., Sponga P., Sguotto M., Stach F., Vettorato M., Martinello G., Dassie F., Marino S., Cibiniel L., Masetto I., Cabianca O., Valente A., Caberlotto L., Passoni A., Flumian P., Daniel L., Gion M., Stanziale S., Alborino F., Bortolozzo V., Bacelle L., Bicciato L., Basso D., Navaglia F., Manoni F., Ercolin M., Giubilini F., Imbesi M., Leuci E., Mazzi F., Anelli S., Amore M., Bigi L., Britta W., Anna G. B., Bonatti U., Borziani M., Crosato S., Fabris I., Galluccio R., Galeotti M., Gozzi M., Greco V., Guagnini E., Pagani S., Maccherozzi S., Malvasi R., Marchi F., Melato E., Mazzucchi E., Marzullo F., Pellegrini P., Petrolini N., Volta P., Bonara F., Brusamonti E., Croci R., Flamia I., Fontana F., Losi R., Marchioro R., Raffaini L., Ruju L., Saginario A., Tondelli M., Marrama D., Bernardelli L., Bonacini F., Florindo A., Merli M., Nappo P., Sola L., Tondelli O., Tonna M., Torre M., Tosatti M., Venturelli G., Zampolla D., Bernardi A., Cavalli C., Cigala L., Ciraudo C., Di Bari A., Ferri L., Gombi F., Leurini S., Mandatelli E., Maccaferri S., Oroboncoide M., Pisa B., Ricci C., Poggi E., Zurlini C., Malpeli M., Colla R., Teodori E., Vecchia L., D'Andrea R., Trenti T., Paolini P., Carpeggiani P., Ghigi D., Gagliostro M., Pratelli M., Antonelli A., Battistini L., Bellini F., Bonini E., Capelli C. B. R., DiDomizio C., Drei C., Fucci G., Gualandi A., Grazia M. R., Losi A. M., Mazzoni F. M. P., Marangoni D., Monna G., Morselli M., Oggioni A., Oprandi S., Paganelli W., Passerini M., Piscitelli M., Reggiani G., Rossi G., Salvatori F., Trasforini S., Uslenghi C., Veggetti S., Bartolucci G., Baruffa R., Bertelli R., Borghi L., Ciavarella P., Paltrinieri E., Rizzardi F., Serra P., Suzzi D., Arienti P., Aureli F., Avanzi R., Callegari V., Corsino A., Host P., Michetti R., Rizzo F., Simoncelli P., Soldati E., Succi E., Bertozzi M., Canetti E., Cavicchioli L., Ceccarelli E., Cenni S., Marzola G., Gallina V., Leoni C., Olivieri A., Piccolo E., Ravagli S., Russo R., Tedeschini D., Verenini M., Abram W., Granata V., Curcio A., Guerra G., Granini S., Natali L., Montanari E., Pasi F., Ventura U., Valenti S., Francesca M., Farneti R., Ravagli P., Floris R., Maroncelli O., Volpones G., Casali D., Miceli M., Bencini A., Cellini M., De Biase L., Barbara L., Charles L., Pratesi C., Tanini A., Loparrino R., Ulivelli C., Cussoto C., Dei N., Fumanti E., Pantani M., Zeloni G., Bellini R., Cellesi R., Dorigo N., Gulli P., Ialeggio L., Pisanu M., Rinaldi G., Konze A., Cocchi A., Meneghelli A., Frova M., Monzani E., Zanobio A., Malagoli M., Pagani R., Barbera S., Morganti C., Amade E. S., Brambilla V., Montanari A., Caterina G., Lopez C., Marocchi A., Moletta A., Sberna M., Cascio M. T., and Scarone S.

Abstract

Language production has often been described as impaired in psychiatric diseases such as in psychosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the characteristics of linguistic difficulties and their relation with other cognitive domains in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP), either affective or non-affective. To deepen our comprehension of linguistic profile in FEP, 133 patients with FEP (95 non-affective, FEP-NA; 38 affective, FEP-A) and 133 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with a narrative discourse task. Speech samples were systematically analyzed with a well-established multilevel procedure investigating both micro- (lexicon, morphology, syntax) and macro-linguistic (discourse coherence, pragmatics) levels of linguistic processing. Executive functioning and IQ were also evaluated. Both linguistic and neuropsychological measures were secondarily implemented with a machine learning approach in order to explore their predictive accuracy in classifying participants as FEP or HC. Compared to HC, FEP patients showed language production difficulty at both micro- and macro-linguistic levels. As for the former, FEP produced shorter and simpler sentences and fewer words per minute, along with a reduced number of lexical fillers, compared to HC. At the macro-linguistic level, FEP performance was impaired in local coherence, which was paired with a higher percentage of utterances with semantic errors. Linguistic measures were not correlated with any neuropsychological variables. No significant differences emerged between FEP-NA and FEP-A (p≥0.02, after Bonferroni correction). Machine learning analysis showed an accuracy of group prediction of 76.36% using language features only, with semantic variables being the most impactful. Such a percentage was enhanced when paired with clinical and neuropsychological variables. Results confirm the presence of language production deficits already at the first episode of the illness, being such impairment not related to ot

Published
2022

2. Language production impairments in patients with a first episode of psychosis

Author

Gargano G., Caletti E., Perlini C., Turtulici N., Bellani M., Bonivento C., Garzitto M., Siri F. M., Longo C., Bonetto C., Cristofalo D., Scocco P., Semrov E., Preti A., Lazzarotto L., Gardellin F., Lasalvia A., Ruggeri M., Marini A., Brambilla P., Bertani M. E., Bissoli S., De Santi K., Lunardi S., Negretto V., Poli S., Tosato S., Zamboni M. G., Ballarin M., De Girolamo G., Fioritti A., Neri G., Pileggi F., Rucci P., Chiavetto L. B., Scasselatti C., Zanardini R., Bertoldo A., Marinelli V., Rambaldelli G., Bardella S., Lamonaca D., Lunardon M., Magnabosco R., Martucci M., Nicolau S., Nifosi F., Pavanati M., Rossi M., Piazza C., Piccione G., Sala A., Sale A., Stefani B., Zotos S., Balbo M., Boggian I., Ceccato E., Dall'Agnola R., Girotto B., Goss C., Leoni R., Mai A., Pasqualini A., Roccato S., Rossi A., Strizzolo S., Urbani A., Aldi F., Bianchi B., Cappellari P., Conti R., De Battisti L., Lazzarin E., Merlin S., Migliorini G., Pozzan T., Sarto L., Visona S., Brazzoli A., Campi A., Carmagnani R., Giambelli S., Gianella A., Lunardi L., Madaghiele D., Maestrelli P., Paiola L., Posteri E., Viola L., Zamberlan V., Zenari M., Zanoni M., Bonadonna G., Bonomo M., Santonastaso P., Cremonese C., Veronese A., Anderle P., Angelozzi A., Baron I. A. G., Candeago E. B. F., Castelli F., Chieco M., Di Costanzo E., Derossi M., Doriguzzi M., Galvano O., Lattanzi M., Lezzi R., Marcato M., Marcolin A., Marini F., Matranga M., Scalabrin D., Zucchetto M., Zadro F., Austoni G., Bianco M., Bordino F., Dario F., De Risio A., Gatto A., Grana S., Favero E., Franceschini A., Friederici S., Marangon V., Pascolo M., Ramon L., Zambolin S., Riolo R., Buffon A., Di Bortolo E., Fortin S., Matarrese F., Mogni S., Codemo N., Russi A., Silvestro A., Turella E., Viel P., Dominoni A., Andreose L., Boemio M., Bressan L., Cabbia A., Canesso E., Cian R., Dal Piccol C., Pasqua M. M. D., Di Prisco A., Mantellato L., Luison M., Morgante S., Santi M., Sacillotto M., Scabbio M., Sponga P., Sguotto M., Stach F., Vettorato M., Martinello G., Dassie F., Marino S., Cibiniel L., Masetto I., Cabianca O., Valente A., Caberlotto L., Passoni A., Flumian P., Daniel L., Gion M., Stanziale S., Alborino F., Bortolozzo V., Bacelle L., Bicciato L., Basso D., Navaglia F., Manoni F., Ercolin M., Giubilini F., Imbesi M., Leuci E., Mazzi F., Anelli S., Amore M., Bigi L., Britta W., Anna G. B., Bonatti U., Borziani M., Crosato S., Fabris I., Galluccio R., Galeotti M., Gozzi M., Greco V., Guagnini E., Pagani S., Maccherozzi S., Malvasi R., Marchi F., Melato E., Mazzucchi E., Marzullo F., Pellegrini P., Petrolini N., Volta P., Bonara F., Brusamonti E., Croci R., Flamia I., Fontana F., Losi R., Marchioro R., Raffaini L., Ruju L., Saginario A., Tondelli M., Marrama D., Bernardelli L., Bonacini F., Florindo A., Merli M., Nappo P., Sola L., Tondelli O., Tonna M., Torre M., Tosatti M., Venturelli G., Zampolla D., Bernardi A., Cavalli C., Cigala L., Ciraudo C., Di Bari A., Ferri L., Gombi F., Leurini S., Mandatelli E., Maccaferri S., Oroboncoide M., Pisa B., Ricci C., Poggi E., Zurlini C., Malpeli M., Colla R., Teodori E., Vecchia L., D'Andrea R., Trenti T., Paolini P., Carpeggiani P., Ghigi D., Gagliostro M., Pratelli M., Antonelli A., Battistini L., Bellini F., Bonini E., Capelli C. B. R., DiDomizio C., Drei C., Fucci G., Gualandi A., Grazia M. R., Losi A. M., Mazzoni F. M. P., Marangoni D., Monna G., Morselli M., Oggioni A., Oprandi S., Paganelli W., Passerini M., Piscitelli M., Reggiani G., Rossi G., Salvatori F., Trasforini S., Uslenghi C., Veggetti S., Bartolucci G., Baruffa R., Bertelli R., Borghi L., Ciavarella P., Paltrinieri E., Rizzardi F., Serra P., Suzzi D., Arienti P., Aureli F., Avanzi R., Callegari V., Corsino A., Host P., Michetti R., Rizzo F., Simoncelli P., Soldati E., Succi E., Bertozzi M., Canetti E., Cavicchioli L., Ceccarelli E., Cenni S., Marzola G., Gallina V., Leoni C., Olivieri A., Piccolo E., Ravagli S., Russo R., Tedeschini D., Verenini M., Abram W., Granata V., Curcio A., Guerra G., Granini S., Natali L., Montanari E., Pasi F., Ventura U., Valenti S., Francesca M., Farneti R., Ravagli P., Floris R., Maroncelli O., Volpones G., Casali D., Miceli M., Bencini A., Cellini M., De Biase L., Barbara L., Charles L., Pratesi C., Tanini A., Loparrino R., Ulivelli C., Cussoto C., Dei N., Fumanti E., Pantani M., Zeloni G., Bellini R., Cellesi R., Dorigo N., Gulli P., Ialeggio L., Pisanu M., Rinaldi G., Konze A., Cocchi A., Meneghelli A., Frova M., Monzani E., Zanobio A., Malagoli M., Pagani R., Barbera S., Morganti C., Amade E. S., Brambilla V., Montanari A., Caterina G., Lopez C., Marocchi A., Moletta A., Sberna M., Cascio M. T., Scarone S., Gargano, G, Caletti, E, Perlini, C, Turtulici, N, Bellani, M, Bonivento, C, Garzitto, M, Siri, F, Longo, C, Bonetto, C, Cristofalo, D, Scocco, P, Semrov, E, Preti, A, Lazzarotto, L, Gardellin, F, Lasalvia, A, Ruggeri, M, Marini, A, Brambilla, P, Bertani, M, Bissoli, S, De Santi, K, Lunardi, S, Negretto, V, Poli, S, Tosato, S, Zamboni, M, Ballarin, M, De Girolamo, G, Fioritti, A, Neri, G, Pileggi, F, Rucci, P, Chiavetto, L, Scasselatti, C, Zanardini, R, Bertoldo, A, Marinelli, V, Rambaldelli, G, Bardella, S, Lamonaca, D, Lunardon, M, Magnabosco, R, Martucci, M, Nicolau, S, Nifosi, F, Pavanati, M, Rossi, M, Piazza, C, Piccione, G, Sala, A, Sale, A, Stefani, B, Zotos, S, Balbo, M, Boggian, I, Ceccato, E, Dall'Agnola, R, Girotto, B, Goss, C, Leoni, R, Mai, A, Pasqualini, A, Roccato, S, Rossi, A, Strizzolo, S, Urbani, A, Aldi, F, Bianchi, B, Cappellari, P, Conti, R, De Battisti, L, Lazzarin, E, Merlin, S, Migliorini, G, Pozzan, T, Sarto, L, Visona, S, Brazzoli, A, Campi, A, Carmagnani, R, Giambelli, S, Gianella, A, Lunardi, L, Madaghiele, D, Maestrelli, P, Paiola, L, Posteri, E, Viola, L, Zamberlan, V, Zenari, M, Zanoni, M, Bonadonna, G, Bonomo, M, Santonastaso, P, Cremonese, C, Veronese, A, Anderle, P, Angelozzi, A, Baron, I, Candeago, E, Castelli, F, Chieco, M, Di Costanzo, E, Derossi, M, Doriguzzi, M, Galvano, O, Lattanzi, M, Lezzi, R, Marcato, M, Marcolin, A, Marini, F, Matranga, M, Scalabrin, D, Zucchetto, M, Zadro, F, Austoni, G, Bianco, M, Bordino, F, Dario, F, De Risio, A, Gatto, A, Grana, S, Favero, E, Franceschini, A, Friederici, S, Marangon, V, Pascolo, M, Ramon, L, Zambolin, S, Riolo, R, Buffon, A, Di Bortolo, E, Fortin, S, Matarrese, F, Mogni, S, Codemo, N, Russi, A, Silvestro, A, Turella, E, Viel, P, Dominoni, A, Andreose, L, Boemio, M, Bressan, L, Cabbia, A, Canesso, E, Cian, R, Dal Piccol, C, Pasqua, M, Di Prisco, A, Mantellato, L, Luison, M, Morgante, S, Santi, M, Sacillotto, M, Scabbio, M, Sponga, P, Sguotto, M, Stach, F, Vettorato, M, Martinello, G, Dassie, F, Marino, S, Cibiniel, L, Masetto, I, Cabianca, O, Valente, A, Caberlotto, L, Passoni, A, Flumian, P, Daniel, L, Gion, M, Stanziale, S, Alborino, F, Bortolozzo, V, Bacelle, L, Bicciato, L, Basso, D, Navaglia, F, Manoni, F, Ercolin, M, Giubilini, F, Imbesi, M, Leuci, E, Mazzi, F, Anelli, S, Amore, M, Bigi, L, Britta, W, Anna, G, Bonatti, U, Borziani, M, Crosato, S, Fabris, I, Galluccio, R, Galeotti, M, Gozzi, M, Greco, V, Guagnini, E, Pagani, S, Maccherozzi, S, Malvasi, R, Marchi, F, Melato, E, Mazzucchi, E, Marzullo, F, Pellegrini, P, Petrolini, N, Volta, P, Bonara, F, Brusamonti, E, Croci, R, Flamia, I, Fontana, F, Losi, R, Marchioro, R, Raffaini, L, Ruju, L, Saginario, A, Tondelli, M, Marrama, D, Bernardelli, L, Bonacini, F, Florindo, A, Merli, M, Nappo, P, Sola, L, Tondelli, O, Tonna, M, Torre, M, Tosatti, M, Venturelli, G, Zampolla, D, Bernardi, A, Cavalli, C, Cigala, L, Ciraudo, C, Di Bari, A, Ferri, L, Gombi, F, Leurini, S, Mandatelli, E, Maccaferri, S, Oroboncoide, M, Pisa, B, Ricci, C, Poggi, E, Zurlini, C, Malpeli, M, Colla, R, Teodori, E, Vecchia, L, D'Andrea, R, Trenti, T, Paolini, P, Carpeggiani, P, Ghigi, D, Gagliostro, M, Pratelli, M, Antonelli, A, Battistini, L, Bellini, F, Bonini, E, Capelli, C, Didomizio, C, Drei, C, Fucci, G, Gualandi, A, Grazia, M, Losi, A, Mazzoni, F, Marangoni, D, Monna, G, Morselli, M, Oggioni, A, Oprandi, S, Paganelli, W, Passerini, M, Piscitelli, M, Reggiani, G, Rossi, G, Salvatori, F, Trasforini, S, Uslenghi, C, Veggetti, S, Bartolucci, G, Baruffa, R, Bertelli, R, Borghi, L, Ciavarella, P, Paltrinieri, E, Rizzardi, F, Serra, P, Suzzi, D, Arienti, P, Aureli, F, Avanzi, R, Callegari, V, Corsino, A, Host, P, Michetti, R, Rizzo, F, Simoncelli, P, Soldati, E, Succi, E, Bertozzi, M, Canetti, E, Cavicchioli, L, Ceccarelli, E, Cenni, S, Marzola, G, Gallina, V, Leoni, C, Olivieri, A, Piccolo, E, Ravagli, S, Russo, R, Tedeschini, D, Verenini, M, Abram, W, Granata, V, Curcio, A, Guerra, G, Granini, S, Natali, L, Montanari, E, Pasi, F, Ventura, U, Valenti, S, Francesca, M, Farneti, R, Ravagli, P, Floris, R, Maroncelli, O, Volpones, G, Casali, D, Miceli, M, Bencini, A, Cellini, M, De Biase, L, Barbara, L, Charles, L, Pratesi, C, Tanini, A, Loparrino, R, Ulivelli, C, Cussoto, C, Dei, N, Fumanti, E, Pantani, M, Zeloni, G, Bellini, R, Cellesi, R, Dorigo, N, Gulli, P, Ialeggio, L, Pisanu, M, Rinaldi, G, Konze, A, Cocchi, A, Meneghelli, A, Frova, M, Monzani, E, Zanobio, A, Malagoli, M, Pagani, R, Barbera, S, Morganti, C, Amade, E, Brambilla, V, Montanari, A, Caterina, G, Lopez, C, Marocchi, A, Moletta, A, Sberna, M, Cascio, M, and Scarone, S

Subjects
Language Disorders, Multidisciplinary, Comprehension, Humans, Language, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychotic Disorders, Psychosis, Language Disorder, Psychosis, Language, Cognition, Neuropsychology, Cognition, Neuropsychology, Neuropsychological Test, Settore MED/25 - Psichiatria, Human
Abstract

Language production has often been described as impaired in psychiatric diseases such as in psychosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the characteristics of linguistic difficulties and their relation with other cognitive domains in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP), either affective or non-affective. To deepen our comprehension of linguistic profile in FEP, 133 patients with FEP (95 non-affective, FEP-NA; 38 affective, FEP-A) and 133 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with a narrative discourse task. Speech samples were systematically analyzed with a well-established multilevel procedure investigating both micro- (lexicon, morphology, syntax) and macro-linguistic (discourse coherence, pragmatics) levels of linguistic processing. Executive functioning and IQ were also evaluated. Both linguistic and neuropsychological measures were secondarily implemented with a machine learning approach in order to explore their predictive accuracy in classifying participants as FEP or HC. Compared to HC, FEP patients showed language production difficulty at both micro- and macro-linguistic levels. As for the former, FEP produced shorter and simpler sentences and fewer words per minute, along with a reduced number of lexical fillers, compared to HC. At the macro-linguistic level, FEP performance was impaired in local coherence, which was paired with a higher percentage of utterances with semantic errors. Linguistic measures were not correlated with any neuropsychological variables. No significant differences emerged between FEP-NA and FEP-A (p≥0.02, after Bonferroni correction). Machine learning analysis showed an accuracy of group prediction of 76.36% using language features only, with semantic variables being the most impactful. Such a percentage was enhanced when paired with clinical and neuropsychological variables. Results confirm the presence of language production deficits already at the first episode of the illness, being such impairment not related to other cognitive domains. The high accuracy obtained by the linguistic set of features in classifying groups support the use of machine learning methods in neuroscience investigations.

Published
2022

4. Antipsychotics in adolescents at ultra-high risk of psychosis: Findings from the “Reggio Emilia At-Risk Mental States” project

Author

Galli, G., primary, Pelizza, L., additional, Poletti, M., additional, Azzali, S., additional, Paterlini, F., additional, Garlassi, S., additional, Scazza, I., additional, Chiri, L.R., additional, Fontana, F., additional, Silva, V. Barbanti, additional, Favazzo, R., additional, Fabiani, M., additional, Pensierini, L., additional, Cioncolini, L., additional, Semrov, E., additional, and Raballo, A., additional

Published
2019
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7. The Regional Project for the Treatment of Early Psychosis Implemented in the Reggio Emilia Mental Health Department: Preliminary Data From a 2-Year Follow-Up

Author

Pelizza, L., primary, Raballo, A., additional, Semrov, E., additional, Azzali, S., additional, Garlassi, S., additional, Paterlini, F., additional, Scazza, I., additional, Fontana, F., additional, Favazzo, R., additional, Fabiani, M., additional, Pensieri, L., additional, Barbanti Silva, V., additional, and Cioncolini, L., additional

Published
2017
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8. A multi-element psychosocial intervention for early psychosis (GET UP PIANO TRIAL) conducted in a catchment area of 10 million inhabitants: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial

Author

Ruggeri, Mirella, Bonetto, Chiara, Lasalvia, Antonio, Girolamo, De, G, Fioritti, A, Rucci, P, Santonastaso, P, Neri, G, Pileggi, F, Ghigi, D, Miceli, M, Scarone, S, Cocchi, A, Torresani, S, Faravelli, C, Zimmermann, Christa, Meneghelli, A, Cremonese, C, Scocco, P, Leuci, E, Mazzi, F, Gennarelli, M, Brambilla, P, Bissoli, S, Bertani, Me, Tosato, Sarah, DE SANTI, Katia, Poli, Sara, Cristofalo, Doriana, Tansella, Michele, Get, Up, Group, Ruggeri, M, Mirella, Me, Bonetto, C, Cristofalo, D, De Santi, K, Lasalvia, A, Lunardi, S, Negretto, V, Poli, S, Tosato, S, Zamboni, Mg, Ballarin, M, Bocchio, Chiavetto, L, Scasselatti, C, Zanardini, R, Bellani, Marcella, Bertoldo, A, Marinelli, Veronica, Perlini, Cinzia, Rambaldelli, Gianluca, Bertani, M, Lazzarotto, L, Bardella, S, Gardellin, F, Lamonaca, D, Lunardon, M, Magnabosco, R, Martucci, M, Nicolau, S, Nifosì, F, Pavanati, M, Rossi, M, Piazza, C, Piccione, G, Sala, A, Sale, A, Stefan, B, Zotos, S, Balbo, M, Boggian, I, Ceccato, E, Dall'Agnola, R, Girotto, B, Goss, Claudia, Leoni, R, Mai, A, Pasqualini, A, Roccato, S, Rossi, A, Strizzolo, S, Urbani, A, Ald, F, Bianchi, B, Cappellari, P, Conti, R, Battisti, De, Lazzarin, E, Merlin, S, Migliorini, G, Pozzan, T, Sarto, L, Visonà, S, Brazzoli, A, Campi, A, Carmagnani, R, Giambelli, S, Gianella, A, Lunardi, L, Madaghiele, D, Maestrelli, P, Paiola, L, Posteri, E, Viola, L, Zamberlan, V, Zenari, M, Zanoni, M, Bonadonna, G, Bonomo, M, Veronese, A, Anderle, P, Angelozz, A, Amalric, I, Baron, G, Candeago, Eb, Castelli, F, Chieco, M, Costanzo, Di, E, Derossi, M, Doriguzzi, M, Galvano, O, Lattanz, M, Lezzi, R, Marcato, M, Marcolin, A, Marini, F, Matranga, M, Scalabrin, D, Zucchetto, M, Zadro, F, Austoni, G, Bianco, M, Bordino, F, Dario, F, Risio, De, A, Gatto, A, Granà, S, Favero, E, Franceschin, A, Friederici, S, Marangon, V, Pascolo, M, Ramon, L, Zambolin, S, Riolo, R, Buffon, A, Bortolo, Di, Fortin, S, Matarrese, F, Mogni, S, Codemo, N, Russi, A, Silvestro, A, Turella, E, Viel, P, Dominoni, A, Andreose, L, Boemio, M, Bressan, L, Cabbia, A, Canesso, E, Cian, R, Dal, Piccol, Dalla, C, Pasqua, Mm, Prisco, Di, Mantellato, L, Luison, M, Morgante, S, Santi, M, Sacillotto, M, Scabbio, M, Sponga, P, Sguotto, Ml, Stach, F, Vettorato, Mg, Martinello, G, Dassiè, F, Marino, S, Cibiniel, L, Masetto, I, Cabianca, O, Valente, A, Caberlotto, L, Passoni, A, Flumian, P, Daniel, L, Gion, M, Stanziale, S, Alborino, F, Bortolozzo, V, Bacelle, L, Bicciato, L, Basso, D, Navaglia, F, Manoni, F, Ercolin, M, Giubilini, F, Imbesi, M, Semrov, E, Giovanni, Cs, Taro, E, Ceno, V, Ovest, P, Anelli, S, Amore, M, Bigi, L, Britta, W, Anna, Gb, Bonatti, U, Borziani, M, Crosato, I, Galluccio, R, Galeotti, M, Gozzi, M, Greco, V, Guagnini, E, Pagani, S, Maccherozzi, M, Marchi, F, Melato, E, Mazzucchi, E, Marzullo, F, Pellegrini, P, Petrolini, N, Volta, P, Bonara, F, Brusamonti, E, Croci, R, Flamia, I, Fontana, F, Losi, R, Marchioro, R, Raffaini, L, Ruju, L, Saginario, A, Tondelli, Mg, Marrama, D, Bernardelli, L, Bonacini, F, Florindo, A, Merli, M, Nappo, P, Sola, L, Tondelli, O, Tonna, M, Torre, Mt, Tosatti, M, Venturelli, G, Zampolla, D, Bernardi, A, Cavalli, C, Cigala, L, Ciraudo, C, Bari, Di, Ferri, L, Gombi, F, Leurini, S, Mandatelli, E, Maccaferri, S, Oroboncoide, M, Pisa, B, Ricci, C, Poggi, E, Zurlini, C, Malpeli, M, Colla, R, Teodori, E, Vecchia, L, D'Andrea, R, Trenti, T, Paolini, P, Carpeggiani, P, Gagliostro, M, Pratelli, M, Lazzaro, S, Antonelli, A, Battistini, L, Bellini, F, Bonini, E, Capelli, Cb, Didomizio, C, Drei, C, Fucci, G, Gualandi, A, Grazia, Mr, Losi, Am, Mazzoni, Fm, Marangoni, D, Monna, G, Morselli, M, Oggioni, A, Oprandi, S, Paganelli, W, Passerini, M, Piscitelli, M, Reggiani, G, Rossi, G, Salvatori, F, Trasforini, S, Uslenghi, C, Veggetti, S, Bartolucci, G, Baruffa, R, Bertelli, R, Borghi, L, Ciavarella, P, Paltrinieri, E, Rizzardi, F, Serra, P, Suzzi, D, Carlo, U, Arienti, P, Aureli, F, Avanzi, R, Callegari, V, Corsino, A, Host, P, Michetti, R, Rizzo, F, Simoncelli, P, Soldati, E, Succi, E, Bertozzi, M, Canetti, E, Cavicchioli, L, Ceccarelli, E, Cenni, S, Marzola, G, Gallina, V, Leoni, C, Olivieri, A, Piccolo, E, Ravagli, S, Russo, R, Tedeschini, D, Verenini, M, Abram, W, Granata, V, Curcio, A, Guerra, G, Granini, S, Natali, L, Montanari, E, Pasi, F, Ventura, U, Valenti, S, Francesca, M, Farneti, R, Ravagli, P, Floris, R, Maroncelli, O, Volpones, G, Casali, D, Bencini, A, Cellini, M, Biase, De, Barbara, L, Charles, L, Pratesi, C, Tanini, A, Loparrino, R, Ulivelli, C, Cussoto, C, Dei, N, Fumanti, E, Pantani, M, Zeloni, G, Bellini, R, Cellesi, R, Dorigo, N, Gullì, P, Ialeggio, L, Pisanu, M, Rinaldi, G, Konze, A, Modignani, L, Frova, M, Monzani, E, Zanobio, A, Malagoli, M, Pagani, R, Barbera, S, Morganti, C, Amadè, Es, Brambilla, V, Montanari, A, Caterina, G, Lopez, C, Marocchi, A, Moletta, A, Sberna, M, Cascio, Mt, Manzone, Ml, Barbara, B, Mari, L, Razzini, E, Bianchi, Y, Pellizzer, Mr, Verdecchia, A, Sferrazza, Mg, Pismataro, R, D'Eril, Gv, Barassi, A, Pacciolla, R, Faraci, G, Rosmini, B, Carpi, F, Soelva, M, Anderlan, M, Francesco, De, M, Duregger, E, Vettori, C, Doimo, S, Kompatscher, E, Forer, M, Kerschbaumer, H, Gampe, A, Nicoletti, M, Acerbi, C, Aquilino, D, Azzali, S, Bensi, L, Cappellari, D, Casana, E, Campagnola, N, Dal, Corso, Di, E, Micco, E, Gobbi, E, Mairaghi, L, Malak, S, Mesiano, L, Paterlini, F, Perini, M, Puliti, Em, Rispoli, R, Rizzo, E, Sergenti, C, Soave, M, Alpi, A, Bislenghi, L, Bolis, T, Colnaghi, F, Fascendini, S, Grignani, S, Patelli, G, Casale, S, Zimmermann, C, Deledda, G, Goss, C, Mazzi, Maria Angela, Rimondini, Michela, Scassellati, C, Bonvicini, C, Longo, S, Ventriglia, M, Squitti, R, Frisoni, G, Pievani, M, Balestrieri, M, Perlini, C, Marinelli, V, Bellani, M, Rambaldelli, G, Atzori, M, Beltramello, A, Alessandrini, F, Pizzini, Francesca, Zoccatelli, G, Politi, P, Emanuele, E, Brondino, N, Martino, G, Bergami, A, Zarbo, R, Riva, Ma, Fumagalli, F, Molteni, R, Calabrese, F, Guidotti, G, Luoni, A, Macchi, F, Artioli, S, Baldetti, M, Bizzocchi, M, Bolzon, D, Bonello, E, Cacciari, G, Carraresi, C, Caselli, G, Furlato, K, Garlassi, S, Gavarini, A, Macchetti, F, Marteddu, V, Plebiscita, G, Totaro, S, Bebbington, P, Birchwood, M, Dazzan, P, Kuipers, E, Thornicroft, G, Pariante, C, Lawrie, S, Soares, J. C., Ruggeri, M., Bonetto, C., Lasalvia, A., De Girolamo, G., Bertani, M., Rucci, P., Santonastaso, P., Neri, G., Pileggi, F., Ghigi, D., Miceli, M., Scarone, S., Cocchi, A., Torresani, S., Faravelli, C., Zimmermann, C., Meneghelli, A., Cremonese, C., Scocco, P., Leuci, E., Mazzi, F., Gennarelli, Massimo, Brambilla, P., Bissoli, S., Lazzarotto, L., Bardella, S., Gardellin, F., Lamonaca, D., Lunardon, M., Magnabosco, R., Martucci, M., Nicolau, S., Nifosì, F., Bertani, M. E., Tosato, S., De Santi, K., Poli, S., Cristofalo, D., Tansella, Michele, Lunardi, S., Negretto, V., Zamboni, M. G., Ballarin, M., Chiavetto, Luisella Bocchio, Scasselatti, C., Zanardini, R., Bellani, M., Bertoldo, A., Marinelli, Valentina, Perlini, C., Rambaldelli, G., Pasqualini, A., Pavanati, M., Rossi, M., Piazza, C., Piccione, G., Sala, A., Roccato, S., Rossi-, A., Sale, A., Stefan, B., Strizzolo, S., Zotos, S., Balbo, M., Boggian, I., Ceccato, E., Dall’Agnola, R., Girotto, B., Leoni, R., Mai, A., Urbani, Alessandro, Ald, F., Bianchi, Benedetta, Cappellari, P., Conti, R., De Battisti, L., Lazzarin, E., Merlin, S., Migliorini, G., Pozzan, T., Sarto, L., Visonà, S., Brazzoli, A., Campi, A., Carmagnani, R., Giambelli, S., Gianella, A., Lunardi-, L., Madaghiele, D., Maestrelli, P., Paiola, L., Posteri, E., Viola, L., Zamberlan, V., Zenari, M., Zanoni, M., Bonadonna, G., Bonomo, M., Veronese, A., Anderle, P., Angelozz, A., Amalric, I., Baron, G., Candeago, E. B., Castelli, F., Chieco, M., Di Costanzo, E., Derossi, M., Doriguzzi, M., Galvano, O., Lattanz, M., Lezzi, R., Marcato, M., Marcolin, A., Marini, F., Matranga, M., Scalabrin, D., Zucchetto, M., Zadro, F., Austoni, G., Bianco, M., Bordino, F., Dario, F., DE RISIO, Alfredo, Gatto, A., Granà, S., Favero, E., Franceschin, A., Friederici, S., Marangon, V., Pascolo, M., Ramon, L., Zambolin, S., Riolo, R., Buffon, A., Di Bortolo, E., Fortin, S., Matarrese, F., Mogni, S., Codemo, N., Russi, A., Silvestro, Antonina, Turella, E., Viel, P., Dominoni, A., Andreose, L., Boemio, M., Bressan, L., Cabbia, A., Canesso, E., Cian, R., Dal Piccol, C., Dalla Pasqua, M. M., Di Prisco, A., Mantellato, L., Luison, M., Morgante, S., Santi, M., Sacillotto, M., Scabbio, M., Sponga, P., Sguotto, M. L., Stach, F., Vettorato, M. G., Martinello, G., Dassiè, F., DI MARINO, Simone, Cibiniel, L., Masetto, I., Cabianca, O., Valente, MADDALENA AGNESE, Caberlotto, L., Passoni, A., Flumian, P., Daniel, L., Gion, M., Stanziale, S., Alborino, F., Bortolozzo, V., Bacelle, L., Bicciato, L., Basso, D., Navaglia, F., Manoni, F., Ercolin, M., Giubilini, F., Imbesi, M., Semrov, E., Giovanni, C. S., Taro e Ceno, V., Ovest, P., Anelli, S., Amore, M., Bigi, L., Britta, W., Anna, G. B., Bonatti, U., Borziani, M., Crosato, I., Galluccio, R., Galeotti, M., Gozzi, M., Greco, V., Guagnini, E., Pagani, S., Maccherozzi, M., Marchi, F., Melato, E., Mazzucchi, E., Marzullo, F., Pellegrini, Pietro Carlo, Petrolini, N., Volta, P., Bonara, F., Brusamonti, E., Croci, R., Flamia, I., Fontana, F., Losi, R., Marchioro, R., Raffaini, L., Ruju, L., Saginario, A., Tondelli, M. G., Marrama, D., Bernardelli, L., Bonacini, F., Florindo, A., Merli, M., Nappo, P., Sola, L., Tondelli-, O., Tonna, M., Torre, M. T., Tosatti, M., Venturelli, G., Zampolla, D., Bernardi, A., Cavalli, Chiara, Cigala, L., Ciraudo, C., Di Bari, A., Ferri, L., Gombi, F., Leurini, S., Mandatelli, E., Maccaferri, S., Oroboncoide, M., Pisa, B., Ricci, Carmine, Poggi, E., Zurlini, C., Malpeli, M., Colla, R., Teodori, E., Vecchia, L., D’Andrea, R., Trenti, T., Paolini, P., Carpeggiani, P., Gagliostro, M., Pratelli, M., Lazzaro, S., Antonelli, A., Battistini, Luca, Bellini, Fiorella, Bonini, E., Capelli, C. B., Didomizio, C., Drei, C., Fucci, G., Gualandi, A., Grazia, M. R., Losi-, A. M., Mazzoni, F. M., Marangoni, D., Monna, G., Morselli, M., Oggioni, A., Oprandi, S., Paganelli, W., Passerini, M., Piscitelli, M., Reggiani, G., Rossi-, G., Salvatori, Franco, Trasforini, S., Uslenghi, C., Veggetti, S., Bartolucci, Giuliana, Baruffa, R., Bertelli, R., Borghi, L., Ciavarella, P., Paltrinieri, E., Rizzardi, F., Serra, P., Suzzi, D., Carlo, U., Arienti, P., Aureli, F., Avanzi, R., Callegari, V., Corsino, A., Host, P., Michetti, R., Rizzo, F., Simoncelli, P., Soldati, E., Succi, E., Bertozzi, M., Canetti, E., Cavicchioli, L., Ceccarelli, E., Cenni, S., Marzola, G., Gallina, V., Leoni, C., Olivieri, A., Piccolo, Elisa, Ravagli, S., Russo, R., Tedeschini, D., Verenini, M., Abram, W., Granata, V., Curcio, A., Guerra, G., Granini, S., Natali, L., Montanari, Eleonora, Pasi, F., Ventura, U., Valenti, S., Francesca, M., Farneti, R., Ravagli-, P., Floris, R., Maroncelli, O., Volpones, G., Casali, D., Bencini, A., Cellini, M., De Biase, L., Barbara, L., Charles, L., Pratesi, C., Tanini, A., Loparrino, R., Ulivelli, C., Cussoto, C., Dei, N., Fumanti, E., Pantani, M., Zeloni, G., Bellini-, R., Cellesi, R., Dorigo, N., Gullì, P., Ialeggio, L., Pisanu, M., Rinaldi, G., Konze, A., Modignani, L., Frova, M., Monzani, E., Amadè, E. S., Zanobio, A., Malagoli, M., Pagani-, R., Barbera, S., Morganti, C., Brambilla-, V., Montanari-, A., Caterina, G., LOPEZ CORTES, Carlo, Marocchi, A., Moletta, A., Sberna, M., Cascio, M. T., Manzone, M. L., Barbara-, B., Mari, L., Razzini, E., Bianchi-, Y., Pellizzer, M. R., Verdecchia, A., Sferrazza, M. G., Pismataro, R., D’Eril, G. V., Barassi, A., Pacciolla, R., Faraci, G., Rosmini, B., Carpi, F., Soelva, M., Anderlan, M., De Francesco, M., Duregger, E., Vettori, C., Doimo, S., Kompatscher, E., Forer, M., Kerschbaumer, H., Gampe, A., Nicoletti, M., Acerbi, C., Aquilino, D., Azzali, S., Bensi, L., Cappellari-, D., Casana, E., Campagnola, N., Dal Corso, E., Di Micco, E., Gobbi, E., Mairaghi, L., Malak, S., Mesiano, L., Paterlini, F., Perini, Matteo, Puliti, E. M., Rispoli, R., Rizzo-, E., Sergenti, C., Soave, M., Alpi, A., Bislenghi, L., Bolis, T., Colnaghi, F., Fascendini, S., Grignani, S., Patelli, G., Casale, S., Deledda, G., Goss, C., Mazzi-, M., Rimondini, M., Scassellati, C., Bonvicini, C., Longo, Salvatore, Bocchio Chiavetto, L., Ventriglia, M., Squitti, R., Frisoni, G., Pievani, M., Balestrieri, M., Atzori, M., Beltramello, A., Alessandrini, F., Pizzini, F., Zoccatelli, G., Politi, P., Emanuele, E., Brondino, N., Martino, G., Bergami, A., Zarbo, R., Riva, M. A., Fumagalli, F., Molteni, R., Calabrese, F., Guidotti, Giovanni, Luoni, Alessia, Macchi, F., Artioli, S., Baldetti, M., Bizzocchi, M., Bolzon, D., Bonello, E., Cacciari, G., Carraresi, C., Caselli, G., Furlato, K., Garlassi, S., Gavarini, A., Macchetti, F., Marteddu, V., Plebiscita, G., Totaro, S., Bebbington, P., Birchwood, M., Dazzan, P., Kuipers, E., Thornicroft, G., Pariante, C., Lawrie, S., Soares, J. C., Mirella Ruggeri, Chiara Bonetto, Antonio Lasalvia, Giovanni De Girolamo, Angelo Fioritti, Paola Rucci, Paolo Santonastaso, Giovanni Neri, Francesca Pileggi, Daniela Ghigi, Maurizio Miceli, Silvio Scarone, Angelo Cocchi, Stefano Torresani, Carlo Faravelli, Christa Zimmermann, Anna Meneghelli, Carla Cremonese, Paolo Scocco, Emanuela Leuci, Fausto Mazzi, Massimo Gennarelli, Paolo Brambilla, Sarah Bissoli, Maria Elena Bertani, Sarah Tosato, Katia De Santi, Sara Poli, Doriana Cristofalo, Michele Tansella, and and THE GET UP GROUP

Subjects
Research design, Time Factors, early psychosis, psychosocial interventions, cluster randomized triales, medicine.medical_treatment, Psychological intervention, Medicine (miscellaneous), Assertive community treatment, Severity of Illness Index, law.invention, Study Protocol, Randomized controlled trial, law, Recurrence, Early psychosi, Cluster Analysis, Pharmacology (medical), lcsh:R5-920, Family Relation, Community Mental Health Service, First-episode psychosis, Community Mental Health Center, Community Mental Health Services, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Treatment Outcome, Cognitive Therapy, Italy, Research Design, First-episode psychosisEarly psychosisCognitive behavioral therapyPsychosocial interventionAssertive community treatment, Family Relations, lcsh:Medicine (General), Psychosocial, Human, pragmatic trial, Early psychosis, Family intervention, Psychosocial intervention, Community Mental Health Centers, Humans, Patient Selection, Psychotic Disorders, Sample Size, Case Management, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, medicine.medical_specialty, psychosocial interventions, Time Factor, cluster randomized triales, Psychotic Disorder, First-episode psychosi, medicine, Psychiatry, Cluster Analysi, business.industry, Mental health, Cognitive therapy, business
Abstract

Background Multi-element interventions for first-episode psychosis (FEP) are promising, but have mostly been conducted in non-epidemiologically representative samples, thereby raising the risk of underestimating the complexities involved in treating FEP in ‘real-world’ services. Methods/Design The Psychosis early Intervention and Assessment of Needs and Outcome (PIANO) trial is part of a larger research program (Genetics, Endophenotypes and Treatment: Understanding early Psychosis - GET UP) which aims to compare, at 9 months, the effectiveness of a multi-component psychosocial intervention versus treatment as usual (TAU) in a large epidemiologically based cohort of patients with FEP and their family members recruited from all public community mental health centers (CMHCs) located in two entire regions of Italy (Veneto and Emilia Romagna), and in the cities of Florence, Milan and Bolzano. The GET UP PIANO trial has a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled design. The randomized units (clusters) are the CMHCs, and the units of observation are the centers’ patients and their family members. Patients in the experimental group will receive TAU plus: 1) cognitive behavioral therapy sessions, 2) psycho-educational sessions for family members, and 3) case management. Patient enrolment will take place over a 1-year period. Several psychopathological, psychological, functioning, and service use variables will be assessed at baseline and follow-up. The primary outcomes are: 1) change from baseline to follow-up in positive and negative symptoms’ severity and subjective appraisal; 2) relapse occurrences between baseline and follow-up, that is, episodes resulting in admission and/or any case-note records of re-emergence of positive psychotic symptoms. The expected number of recruited patients is about 400, and that of relatives about 300. Owing to the implementation of the intervention at the CMHC level, the blinding of patients, clinicians, and raters is not possible, but every effort will be made to preserve the independency of the raters. We expect that this study will generate evidence on the best treatments for FEP, and will identify barriers that may hinder its feasibility in ‘real-world’ clinical settings, patient/family conditions that may render this intervention ineffective or inappropriate, and clinical, psychological, environmental, and service organization predictors of treatment effectiveness, compliance, and service satisfaction. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01436331

Published
2012

10. Healthcare resource utilization and direct medical costs in patients with dual diagnosis in Italy

Author

Paola Rucci, DARIO TEDESCO, Senese, F., CLAUDIO TRAVAGLINI, ROSSELLA MESSINA, Quargnolo, M., Semrov, E., Maria Pia Fantini, Rucci, P., Tedesco, D., Senese, F., Travaglini, C., Messina, R., Quargnolo, M., Semrov, E., and Fantini, M.P.

Subjects
Clinical Psychology, Cost, Psychiatry and Mental Health, Dual diagnosi, Drug, Alcohol, Substance use disorder, health care economics and organizations
Abstract

Objectives This study is aimed at analyzing the patterns of care and annual costs of services in patients with dual diagnosis treated in an Italian Mental Health and Pathological Dependency Department (MH-PDD). Methods In this retrospective prevalence-based study, healthcare accesses of 331 patients with dual diagnosis being treated at the MH-PDD were obtained through a linkage of 7 administrative databases (Tab. I). All adult patients with at least one contact with the MH-PDD are recorded in the database, which includes demographic characteristics, the ICD-9-CM diagnosis and information on each type of service provided. The ICD-9-CM are grouped into diagnostic categories, defined in Table II. Costs were assigned using different drivers and cost objects (national, regional tariffs and ad hoc estimated MH costs). Results The study population consisted of 331 patients with a diagnosis of substance abuse and a mental health disorder who had at least one contact with the MH-PDD in 2013. Patients were 68% male, with a mean age of 45 years and 93% Italian (Tab. III). A large proportion (n = 228, 68.6%) had a > 2 year duration of contact with MH-PDD. The substance of abuse or dependence was alcohol in the large majority (n = 196, 59.2%), followed by drugs (n = 99, 29.9%) and other substances (n = 16, 4.8%). Among the MH-PDD services that patients received, psychiatric-clinical treatment and initial assessment/reassessment and were the most frequent interventions, while vocational training, psychosocial rehabilitation and day center services were uncommon (Tab. IV). Total MH-PDD costs were 867,080€ and costs per patient ranged from 25€ (three psychiatric follow-up visits) to 239,125€ in one outlier patient with psychosis and alcohol use disorder, who received 1,100 MH services and 22 home visits (Tab. V). The median cost was 279€ and the mean cost 2,620€. The amount of non-MH-PDD costs almost equaled that of MH-PDD costs, and was largely ascribable to hospitalization in psychiatric and non-psychiatric wards (Fig. 1). Overall costs per patient ranged from 45€ (first MH-PDD assessment) to €239,287 (the same outlier patient, with 1,100 MH services, 22 home visits and 4 specialty services). Median cost was 1,423€, mean cost 5.381€ and the overall total was 1,780,958€. Classification of patients in cost tertiles revealed that one third of patients accounted for 88.1% of overall costs (Fig. 2). The costs borne by the MH-PDD increased from the first to the third tertile while the vice versa was true for non-MH-PDD costs. Median costs by psychiatric diagnosis ranged from 205€ for other mental disorders to 2,085€ for dementia (Tab. V, Fig. 3). Conclusions An integrated healthcare system based on outpatient management of patients with substance abuse/dependence costs less than other countries with different healthcare systems. In the absence of outcome data, cost-effectiveness studies are warranted.

13. Identification of young people at 'Ultra-High Risk' (UHR) of developing psychosis: Validation of the 'Checklist per la valutazione dell'Esordio Psicotico' for use in primary care setting

Author

Lorenzo Pelizza, Raballo, A., Semrov, E., Azzali, S., Scazza, I., Garlassi, S., Paterlini, F., Fontana, F., Favazzo, R., Pensieri, L., Fabiani, M., Chiri, L. R., and Cioncolini, L.

Subjects
Clinical Psychology, primary care, Psychiatry and Mental Health, Assessment, Early detection, Primary Care, Psychosis, assessment, psychosis, early detection

14. Measuring costs of community mental health care in Italy: A prevalence-based study.

Author

Senese, F., Rucci, P., Fantini, M.P., Gibertoni, D., Semrov, E., Nassisi, M., Messina, R., and Travaglini, C.

Subjects
*REGRESSION analysis, *DISEASE prevalence, *COMMUNITY services, *MEDICAL rehabilitation, *MENTAL health services
Abstract

Background Information on individual mental healthcare costs and utilization patterns in Italy is scant. We analysed the use and the annual costs of community mental health services (MHS) in an Italian local health authority (LHA). Our aims are to compare the characteristics of patients in the top decile of costs with those of the remaining 90%, and to investigate the demographic and clinical determinants of costs. Methods This retrospective study is based on administrative data of adult patients with at least one contact with MHS in 2013. Costs of services were estimated using a microcosting method. We defined as high cost (HC) those patients whose community mental health services costs place them in the top decile of the cost distribution. The predictors of costs were investigated using multiple linear regression. Results The overall costs borne for 7601 patients were 17 million €, with HC accounting for 87% of costs and 73% of services. Compared with the rest of the patients, HC were younger, more likely to be male, to have a diagnosis of psychosis, and longer and more intensive MHS utilization. In multiple linear regression, younger age, longer duration of contact with MHS, psychosis, bipolar disorder, personality disorder, depression, dementia and Italian citizenship accounted for 20.7% of cost variance. Conclusion Direct mental health costs are concentrated among a small fraction of patients who receive intensive socio-rehabilitation in community services. One limitation includes the unavailability of hospital costs. Our methodology is replicable and useful for national and cross-national benchmarking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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15. Measuring costs of community mental health care in Italy: A prevalence-based study

Author

E. Semrov, Dino Gibertoni, Rossella Messina, Maria Pia Fantini, M. Nassisi, F. Senese, Paola Rucci, Claudio Travaglini, Senese F, Rucci, P, Fantini MP, Gibertoni D, Semrov E, Nassisi M, Messina, R, Travaglini C, DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE AZIENDALI, DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIOMEDICHE E NEUROMOTORIE, Facolta' di SCIENZE STATISTICHE, AREA MIN. 06 - Scienze mediche, Da definire, and AREA MIN. 13 - Scienze economiche e statistiche

Subjects
Adult, Male, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychosi, Direct cost, Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Decile, 03 medical and health sciences, Indirect costs, 0302 clinical medicine, Direct costs, Environmental health, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Dementia, Personality, 030212 general & internal medicine, Bipolar disorder, Community mental health services, health care economics and organizations, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, Retrospective Studies, media_common, business.industry, Mental Disorders, Mental health cost, Retrospective cohort study, Health Care Costs, Middle Aged, Psychosis, medicine.disease, Mental health, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Mental Health, Italy, Psychotic Disorders, Mental health costs, Linear Models, Female, business
Abstract

Background:Information on individual mental healthcare costs and utilization patterns in Italy is scant. We analysed the use and the annual costs of community mental health services (MHS) in an Italian local health authority (LHA). Our aims are to compare the characteristics of patients in the top decile of costs with those of the remaining 90%, and to investigate the demographic and clinical determinants of costs.Methods:This retrospective study is based on administrative data of adult patients with at least one contact with MHS in 2013. Costs of services were estimated using a microcosting method. We defined as high cost (HC) those patients whose community mental health services costs place them in the top decile of the cost distribution. The predictors of costs were investigated using multiple linear regression.Results:The overall costs borne for 7601 patients were 17 million €, with HC accounting for 87% of costs and 73% of services. Compared with the rest of the patients, HC were younger, more likely to be male, to have a diagnosis of psychosis, and longer and more intensive MHS utilization. In multiple linear regression, younger age, longer duration of contact with MHS, psychosis, bipolar disorder, personality disorder, depression, dementia and Italian citizenship accounted for 20.7% of cost variance.Conclusion:Direct mental health costs are concentrated among a small fraction of patients who receive intensive socio-rehabilitation in community services. One limitation includes the unavailability of hospital costs. Our methodology is replicable and useful for national and cross-national benchmarking.

Published
2018

16. Language production impairments in patients with a first episode of psychosis.

Author

Gargano G, Caletti E, Perlini C, Turtulici N, Bellani M, Bonivento C, Garzitto M, Siri FM, Longo C, Bonetto C, Cristofalo D, Scocco P, Semrov E, Preti A, Lazzarotto L, Gardellin F, Lasalvia A, Ruggeri M, Marini A, and Brambilla P

Subjects
Comprehension, Humans, Language, Neuropsychological Tests, Language Disorders, Psychotic Disorders psychology
Abstract

Language production has often been described as impaired in psychiatric diseases such as in psychosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the characteristics of linguistic difficulties and their relation with other cognitive domains in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP), either affective or non-affective. To deepen our comprehension of linguistic profile in FEP, 133 patients with FEP (95 non-affective, FEP-NA; 38 affective, FEP-A) and 133 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with a narrative discourse task. Speech samples were systematically analyzed with a well-established multilevel procedure investigating both micro- (lexicon, morphology, syntax) and macro-linguistic (discourse coherence, pragmatics) levels of linguistic processing. Executive functioning and IQ were also evaluated. Both linguistic and neuropsychological measures were secondarily implemented with a machine learning approach in order to explore their predictive accuracy in classifying participants as FEP or HC. Compared to HC, FEP patients showed language production difficulty at both micro- and macro-linguistic levels. As for the former, FEP produced shorter and simpler sentences and fewer words per minute, along with a reduced number of lexical fillers, compared to HC. At the macro-linguistic level, FEP performance was impaired in local coherence, which was paired with a higher percentage of utterances with semantic errors. Linguistic measures were not correlated with any neuropsychological variables. No significant differences emerged between FEP-NA and FEP-A (p≥0.02, after Bonferroni correction). Machine learning analysis showed an accuracy of group prediction of 76.36% using language features only, with semantic variables being the most impactful. Such a percentage was enhanced when paired with clinical and neuropsychological variables. Results confirm the presence of language production deficits already at the first episode of the illness, being such impairment not related to other cognitive domains. The high accuracy obtained by the linguistic set of features in classifying groups support the use of machine learning methods in neuroscience investigations., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2022
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17. "First-episode psychosis: Structural covariance deficits in salience network correlate with symptoms severity".

Author

Saviola F, Bellani M, Perlini C, Squarcina L, Maggioni E, Zacà D, Lasalvia A, Dusi N, Bonetto C, Cristofalo D, Alessandrini F, Zoccatelli G, Ciceri E, Mesiano L, Semrov E, Lo Parrino R, Furlato K, Pratelli M, Ruggeri M, Brambilla P, and Jovicich J

Subjects
Brain diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Cortex diagnostic imaging, Gray Matter diagnostic imaging, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychotic Disorders diagnostic imaging
Abstract

Background: Patterns of coordinated variations of gray matter (GM) morphology across individuals are promising indicators of disease. However, it remains unclear if they can help characterize first-episode psychosis (FEP) and symptoms' severity., Methods: Sixty-seven FEP and 67 matched healthy controls (HC) were assessed with structural MRI to evaluate the existence of distributed GM structural covariance patterns associated to brain areas belonging to salience network. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and structural covariance differences, investigated with salience network seed-based Partial Least Square, were applied to explore differences between groups. GM density associations with Raven's intelligent quotient (IQ) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores were investigated., Results: Univariate VBM results gave trend without significant GM differences across groups. GM and IQ correlated positively in both groups: in FEP, mostly in hippocampus, insula, and fronto-temporal structures, while in HC mostly in amygdala, thalamus and fronto-temporal regions. GM and PANSS scores correlated negatively in FEP, with widespread clusters located in limbic regions. Multivariate analysis showed strong and opposite structural GM covariance with salience network for FEP and HC. Moreover, structural covariance of the salience network in FEP correlated negatively with severity of clinical symptoms., Conclusion: Our study provides evidence supporting the insular dysfunction model of psychosis. Reduced structural GM covariance of the salience network, with its association to symptom's severity, appears a promising morphometry feature for FEP detection., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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18. The impact of gender and childhood abuse on age of psychosis onset, psychopathology and needs for care in psychosis patients.

Author

Comacchio C, Howard LM, Bonetto C, Lo Parrino R, Furlato K, Semrov E, Preti A, Mesiano L, Neri G, De Girolamo G, de Santi K, Miglietta E, Tosato S, Cristofalo D, Lasalvia A, and Ruggeri M

Subjects
Adult, Age Factors, Age of Onset, Female, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Psychotic Disorders therapy, Sex Factors, Young Adult, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse statistics & numerical data, Adverse Childhood Experiences statistics & numerical data, Psychotic Disorders epidemiology, Psychotic Disorders physiopathology
Abstract

Gender is associated with several features of psychotic disorders, including age of illness onset, symptomatology, a higher prevalence of history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and needs for care. Childhood sexual abuse is associated with adverse mental health consequences but as there is a gender difference in stress reactivity, there may be a differential impact of CSA on psychopathology, age of psychosis onset and needs for care in First Episode Psychosis (FEP) patients. We hypothesized that a history of abuse would be associated with lowering of age of onset, increased symptomatology and more unmet needs in women but not men. A total of 444 FEP patients have been recruited within the context of the GET UP trial. Symptomatology has been assessed using the PANSS scale, needs for care with the CAN scale and childhood abuse with the CECA-Q scale. Childhood sexual abuse was more frequent among female patients [22.6% in women vs 11.6% in men (OR = 0.45, p < 0.01)], whereas there was no gender difference in the prevalence of childhood physical abuse (29.0% in women vs 31.7% in men). Childhood abuse was associated with higher levels of negative symptoms in both men and women, with a reduced age of onset in women only and little increase in needs for care in both men and women. Our results seem to suggest that childhood sexual abuse in female FEP patients may be linked to a more severe form of psychosis whose presentation is characterized by earlier age of onset and higher levels of negative symptoms and we can also speculate that gender-specific protective factors in women, but not in men, may be outweighed by the consequences of childhood abuse., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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19. Validation of the "early detection Primary Care Checklist" in an Italian community help-seeking sample: The "checklist per la Valutazione dell'Esordio Psicotico".

Author

Pelizza L, Raballo A, Semrov E, Chiri LR, Azzali S, Scazza I, Garlassi S, Paterlini F, Fontana F, Favazzo R, Pensieri L, Fabiani M, Cioncolini L, and Pupo S

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Primary Health Care methods, Sensitivity and Specificity, Young Adult, Checklist, Early Diagnosis, Psychotic Disorders diagnosis
Abstract

Background: To establish the concordant validity of the "Checklist per la Valutazione dell'Esordio Psicotico" (CVEP) in an Italian help-seeking population. The CVEP is the Italian adaptation of the "early detection Primary Care Checklist," a 20-item tool specifically designed to assist primary care practitioners in identifying young people in the early stages of psychosis., Methods: The checklist was completed by the referring practitioners of 168 young people referred to the "Reggio Emilia At Risk Mental States" Project, an early detection infrastructure developed under the aegis of the Regional Project on Early Detection of Psychosis in the Reggio Emilia Department of Mental Health. The concordant validity of the CVEP was established by comparing screen results with the outcome of the "Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States" (CAARMS), a gold standard assessment for identifying young people who may be at risk of developing psychosis., Results: The simple checklist as originally conceived had excellent sensitivity (98%), but lower specificity (58%). Using only a CVEP total score of 20 or above as cut-off, the tool showed a slightly lower sensitivity (93%) with a substantial improvement in specificity (87%). Simple cross-tabulations of the individual CVEP item scores against CAARMS outcome to identify the more discriminant item in terms of sensitivity and specificity were carried out., Conclusions: In comparison to other, much longer, screening tools, the CVEP performed well to identify young people in the early stages of psychosis. Therefore, the CVEP is well suited to optimize appropriate referrals to specialist services, building on the skills and knowledge already available in primary care settings., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

Published
2019
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20. [Collateral effects of disulfiram on the central nervous system in alcoholics that have become totally abstemious. Description of 8 cases].

Author

Maccari S, Giglioli W, Semrov E, and Fornaciari G

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Alcohol Deterrents adverse effects, Alcoholism drug therapy, Brain drug effects, Brain Diseases chemically induced, Disulfiram adverse effects
Abstract

Disulfiram is used in alcohol rehabilitation because it inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase and consequently causes the disulfiram-ethanol reaction (vomiting, vertigo, anxiety, cardiovascular effects) after ingestion of alcoholic beverages. However, adverse effects on the central nervous system (for the most part psychotic reactions, acute organic brain syndrome, catatonia) may appear as a direct result of the drug itself. Disulfiram and its metabolite carbon disulfide inhibit dopamine beta-hydroxylase, increasing the levels of dopamine and reducing those of norepinephrine in the central nervous system. We observed direct disulfiram-induced toxicity on the central nervous system in 8 abstinent patients in whom a disulfiram-ethanol reaction had been excluded. Risk is increased when 1) excessive amounts of the drug are ingested; 2) the patient is already suffering from a major psychiatric illness; 3) the patient has anatomical brain lesions. In all cases observed, the toxic effects appeared in the first weeks and were reversed after suspension of the drug (except in one patient who died from severe bronchopulmonary infection). We thus suggest the following protocol: 1) physical examination and interview 3-4 weeks after initiation of treatment; 2) as a general rule, in abstinent patients, the lowest possible maintenance dosage should be administered. This strategy, despite the risk of underdosage, meets the goals inherent in an integrated medical and psychosocial approach to the treatment of alcoholism with which these patients seem better able to comply.

Published
1996

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