1,927 results on '"Separation technology"'
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2. Meta分析固液分离技术对养殖废弃物分离效率及气体排放的影响.
- Author
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张新星, 王珊珊, 梁文旭, 文丽青, 张伟涛, and 高志岭
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment is the property of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Application of membrane technology in the treatment of waste liquid containing radioactive materials.
- Author
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Rahman, Ihsan Ur, Mohammed, Hamin Jafaar, Siddique, Muhammad Farooq, Ullah, Misbah, Bamasag, Ahmad, Alqahtani, Talal, and Algarni, Salem
- Subjects
- *
WASTE treatment , *LIQUID waste , *RADIOACTIVE substances , *RADIOACTIVE wastes , *ION-permeable membranes , *ELECTRODIALYSIS , *REVERSE osmosis process (Sewage purification) , *ULTRAFILTRATION , *POLYMERS - Abstract
The growing application of radioactive materials in various industries, such as nuclear power, oil and gas, and research labs, has led to an increase in the amount of radioactive material present in waste liquids. This poses a risk to both the environment and human health through exposure to radiation. Current methods for treating these types of waste liquids, aside from membrane technology, are not economically feasible. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate ways to effectively treat liquid radioactive waste to comply with environmental regulations. Membrane technology is a cost-effective and energy-efficient method for treating radioactive waste. This review focuses on the utilization of membrane technology for the treatment of radioactive waste, discussing various collective membrane techniques, including nanofiltration, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, membrane distillation, and reverse osmosis. The review also evaluates selective membrane separation techniques such as ion-exchange membranes, supported liquid membranes, and polymer inclusion membranes. Previous studies' findings are summarized, and potential areas for future development are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Deep eutectic solvents (DES): An update on the applications in food sectors
- Author
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Priyanka Suthar, Manisha Kaushal, Devina Vaidya, Monika Thakur, Priyanka Chauhan, Dechen Angmo, Shreya Kashyap, and Natasha Negi
- Subjects
Green solvents ,Deep eutectic solvents ,Extraction ,Separation technology ,Food packaging ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
The food processing sector has expanded dramatically over the past ten years, particularly with regard to goods that are high in biologically active compounds. Thus, the efficacy and safety of food extraction techniques have also received attention. There is currently a sharp rise in research articles committed to the creation of new extraction techniques which are not only quick and affordable but also more effective and environmentally friendly, increasing yields and extract quality without the use of potentially dangerous organic solvents. The use of green solvents has been a focus of study to meet sustainable development goals. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are acknowledged as excellent alternatives to organic solvents due to their simpler manufacturing procedure with 100% atom economy, cheap cost, probable biodegradability, and negligible toxicity. DESs have become a popular and useful liquid with proven application in a variety of chemical reactions. Wide variety of food components may be extracted using DES, and they have been shown to be useful for applications involving food. However, the possibility for industrial scale-up use, however, has not been fully examined.
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
5. Highly efficient adsorptive removal of the carcinogen aflatoxin B1 using the parasitic plant Cuscuta corymbosa Ruiz & Pavon
- Author
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Vázquez-Durán, Alma, de Jesús Nava-Ramírez, María, Martínez-Escutia, Rubén, de Dios Figueroa-Cárdenas, Juan, López-Coello, Carlos, Téllez-Isaías, Guillermo, and Méndez-Albores, Abraham
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Grand challenge in membrane applications: Liquid.
- Author
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Yunxia Hu
- Subjects
LIQUID membranes ,PERMEATION tubes ,MEMBRANE filters ,IONS ,MATERIALS science ,CHEMICAL processes ,DRINKING water purification - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Analysis and comments on separation for rubidium and cesium from perspective of patents.
- Author
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GE Fei, LI Lei-ming, JIANG Ying-ying, REN Jing, and CHEN Wen-juan
- Subjects
- *
RUBIDIUM , *CESIUM , *PATENT databases , *PATENTS , *SEPARATION (Technology) - Abstract
The patent data of rubidium and cesium separation based on IncoPat patent database was searched, and 2 617 patents related to rubidium and cesium separation were retrieved. The pattern of rubidium and cesium separation patents in terms of patent trends, technical status, geographical distribution and applicant status using the common visual chart analysis method were analyzed. Analysis shows that patents in the field of rubidium and cesium separation developed rapidly and were highly active from 2013 to 2021; current technological research and development hotspots of rubidium and cesium separation were B01J, G21F and C22B technical field; China and Japan were the main patent layout of rubidium and cesium separation worldwide; Beijing, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Qinghai and other provinces and cities were mainly involved in rubidium and cesium separation patents in China; rubidium and cesium separation had high recognition and attention in manufactures of chemical materials; the main research institutions of rubidium and cesium separation technology were mainly distributed in China; the overall value of patents owned by the top 10 patent applicants were high; according to the current development trend for rubidium and cesium separation technology, there was still a lot of room for advancement in the field in the future, and Chinese patent applicants for rubidium and cesium separation could create effective and consistent development plans based on their own advantages and opportunities for advancement globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
8. Conventional and recent advances in gravity separation technologies for coal cleaning: A systematic and critical review
- Author
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Theerayut Phengsaart, Palot Srichonphaisan, Chinawich Kertbundit, Natatsawas Soonthornwiphat, Somthida Sinthugoot, Nutthakarn Phumkokrux, Onchanok Juntarasakul, Kreangkrai Maneeintr, Apisit Numprasanthai, Ilhwan Park, Carlito Baltazar Tabelin, Naoki Hiroyoshi, and Mayumi Ito
- Subjects
Coal ,Coal cleaning ,Gravity separation ,Separation technology ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
“Affordable and clean energy” is enshrined in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs; #7) because of its importance in supporting the sustainable development of society. As an energy source, coal is widely used because it is abundant and its utilization for electricity and heat generation do not require complex infrastructures and technologies, which makes it ideal for the energy needs of low-income and developing countries. Coal is also essential in steel making (as coke) and cement production and will continue to be on high demand for the foreseeable future. However, coal is naturally found with impurities or gangue minerals like pyrite and quartz that could create by-products (e.g., ash) and various pollutants (e.g., CO2, NOX, SOX). To reduce the environmental impacts of coal during combustion, coal cleaning—a kind of pre-combustion clean coal technology—is essential. Gravity separation, a technique that separates particles based on their differences in density, is widely used in coal cleaning due to the simplicity of its operation, low cost, and high efficiency. In this paper, recent studies (from 2011 to 2020) related to gravity separation for coal cleaning were systematically reviewed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 1864 articles were screened after removing duplicates, and after a thorough evaluation 189 articles were reviewed and summarized. Among of conventional separation techniques, dense medium separator (DMS), particularly dense medium cyclone (DMC), is the most popular technologies studied, which could be attributed to the growing challenges of cleaning/processing fine coal-bearing materials. In recent years, most of works focused on the development of dry-type gravity technologies for coal cleaning. Finally, gravity separation challenges and future applications to address problems in environmental pollution and mitigation, waste recycling and reprocessing, circular economy, and mineral processing are discussed.
- Published
- 2023
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9. Model‐based Scale Up of Solid Bowl Centrifuges Using Experimentally Determined Material Functions.
- Author
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Zhai, Ouwen, Baust, Helene, Gleiß, Marco, and Nirschl, Hermann
- Subjects
- *
CENTRIFUGES , *SEPARATION (Technology) , *MANUFACTURING processes , *PILOT projects , *DECANTERS - Abstract
The scale up of solid bowl centrifuges is a major challenge as the process and material behavior are complex and difficult to describe. A common approach to forecast the process behavior is to use analytical models and transfer the experience gained from the lab to the industrial scale. In this context, time‐consuming and cost‐intensive pilot scale experiments are necessary. This paper presents a methodology to improve the scale up process and make it more sustainable by using a numerical model that allows the real‐time tracking of the process and a more reliable scale up process. For this approach, the material behavior is derived from laboratory experiments whereby the scalability is given. Here, the determination of material functions allows an accurate representation of the material behavior for solid bowl centrifuges of different scales. The focus of this paper is the detailed explanation of material related functions for the scale up of decanter centrifuges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. 我国战略性非金属矿产分离技术进展.
- Author
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唐远, 朱奥妮, 陈琲琲, 程晨, 李智力, 张翼, and 何东升
- Subjects
MINES & mineral resources ,ORE deposits ,SEPARATION (Technology) ,PHOSPHATE rock ,EMERGING industries ,GRAPHITE ,ORES - Abstract
Copyright of Industrial Minerals & Processing / Huagong Kuangwu yu Jiagong is the property of Industrial Minerals & Processing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Separation cathode materials from current collectors of spent lithium-ion battery through low-energy mechanical friction technology.
- Author
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Lin, Keyi, Wu, Yusen, Shen, Ying, Zheng, Yanrui, Wang, Zicheng, Chen, Jinjuan, Wu, Taoli, Zhu, Jie, Huang, Zhe, Qin, Baojia, and Ruan, Jujun
- Subjects
LITHIUM-ion batteries ,CATHODES ,FRICTION ,SEPARATION (Technology) - Abstract
• Environment-friendly, energy-saving, economical separation technology. • Low-energy friction method to dispose of spent lithium-ion batteries. • Simulate the scattered energy distribution at the frictional separation interface. • Determine the optimal friction separation parameters. This study proposes a low-energy mechanical friction separation technology. The experimental results showed that effective separation of cathode materials can be achieved by adjusting parameters. According to the simulated interface scattering energy distribution and actual phenomena, it is shown that the cathode material had good absorption of friction energy in the surface domain and will diffuse to the surrounding areas. At a pressure of 0.1 MPa and a friction distance of 9 cm, the cost is as low as 0.6498 CNY/m
2 . Within the friction distance range of 5–21 cm, under a pressure of 0.2 MPa, the average cost is the lowest, at 0.8945 CNY/m2 . In addition, this technology can also improve the mechanical properties of the cathode current collector, providing a new way for material performance optimization. This article may be the first study to propose a physical method for separating cathode materials and reusing complete Al foil. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Mestproducten uit innovatieve stalsystemen
- Author
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Smit, H., Boxmeer, E. van, Verdoes, N., Galama, P., Smit, H., Boxmeer, E. van, Verdoes, N., and Galama, P.
- Abstract
Presentatie gegeven door Harm Smit op op 24 mei tijdens een webinar over de invloeden van nieuwe stalsystemen op de eigenschappen, emissies en waarde van mest. Deze presentatie bevat uitleg over mestproducten uit innovatieve stalsystemen.
- Published
- 2024
13. QSPR modeling of selectivity at infinite dilution of ionic liquids
- Author
-
Kyrylo Klimenko and Gonçalo V. S. M. Carrera
- Subjects
Big data ,Liquid mixtures ,Separation technology ,Keras ,Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Abstract The intelligent choice of extractants and entrainers can improve current mixture separation techniques allowing better efficiency and sustainability of chemical processes that are both used in industry and laboratory practice. The most promising approach is a straightforward comparison of selectivity at infinite dilution between potential candidates. However, selectivity at infinite dilution values are rarely available for most compounds so a theoretical estimation is highly desired. In this study, we suggest a Quantitative Structure–Property Relationship (QSPR) approach to the modelling of the selectivity at infinite dilution of ionic liquids. Additionally, auxiliary models were developed to overcome the potential bias from big activity coefficient at infinite dilution from the solute. Data from SelinfDB database was used as training and internal validation sets in QSPR model development. External validation was done with the data from literature. The selection of the best models was done using decision functions that aim to diminish bias in prediction of the data points associated with the underrepresented ionic liquids or extreme temperatures. The best models were used for the virtual screening for potential azeotrope breakers of aniline + n-dodecane mixture. The subject of screening was a combinatorial library of ionic liquids, created based on the previously unused combinations of cations and anions from SelinfDB and the test set extractants. Both selectivity at infinite dilution and auxiliary models show good performance in the validation. Our models’ predictions were compared to the ones of the COSMO-RS, where applicable, displaying smaller prediction error. The best ionic liquid to extract aniline from n-dodecane was suggested.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. METHODOLOGY FOR CONDITIONING GRAPE SEEDS TO OBTAIN OIL.
- Author
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Baltatu, Carmen, Paun, Anisoara, Biris, Sorin-Stefan, Anghelache, Dragos, and Mateescu, Marinela
- Subjects
- *
GRAPE seeds , *GRAPE seed oil , *SEPARATION (Technology) , *GRAPE products , *FRUIT seeds - Abstract
The current trend is to maximize the potential of limited resources and find alternative materials to integrate into circulating economy. The wine industry remains one of the most important industries in the agricultural and food sector. Therefore, much research has focused on the reuse of marc and the extraction of beneficial elements and their reuse in new products. Once this purpose is created, the problem is to use a method and technology to separate grape seeds from most impurities. Given the above premise, in this paper, we have identified the problems that have arisen in the process of separating grape seeds from pomace and we have proposed a methodology for conditioning them. Going through the proposed methodology, the degree of cleaning of the seeds is improved by aprox. 10%, which leads to a superior quality of the oil from the seed oil and an improvement in the amount of oil extracted. In the first stage of the paper, we established the methodology for conditioning the grape seeds based on an analysis of the initial sample of the white Sauvignon marc and the red Fetească neagră variety. The main problems that prevent the separation of the seeds as easily as possible appear as a result of the grape squeezing process, because first of all the lumps of the marc are formed, and secondly a significant part of the seeds is stuck in the grape skin. We collected an initial sample of the marc and then we classified and weighed the impurities and determined the amount of grape seeds in the sample. After the completion of the seed conditioning stages, we analysed the amount of residue collected from each stage and we finally obtained a separation yield of 13% for Sauvignon pomace and 19% for Fetească Neagră. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. 含油污泥擦洗剥离技术应用试验研究.
- Author
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刘庆, 薛广海, and 李强
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL design ,SEPARATION (Technology) ,GLASS ,SPEED - Abstract
Copyright of Mining & Metallurgy (10057854) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. QSPR modeling of selectivity at infinite dilution of ionic liquids.
- Author
-
Klimenko, Kyrylo and Carrera, Gonçalo V. S. M.
- Subjects
- *
IONIC liquids , *SEPARATION (Technology) , *CHEMICAL processes , *ACTIVITY coefficients , *DILUTION - Abstract
The intelligent choice of extractants and entrainers can improve current mixture separation techniques allowing better efficiency and sustainability of chemical processes that are both used in industry and laboratory practice. The most promising approach is a straightforward comparison of selectivity at infinite dilution between potential candidates. However, selectivity at infinite dilution values are rarely available for most compounds so a theoretical estimation is highly desired. In this study, we suggest a Quantitative Structure–Property Relationship (QSPR) approach to the modelling of the selectivity at infinite dilution of ionic liquids. Additionally, auxiliary models were developed to overcome the potential bias from big activity coefficient at infinite dilution from the solute. Data from SelinfDB database was used as training and internal validation sets in QSPR model development. External validation was done with the data from literature. The selection of the best models was done using decision functions that aim to diminish bias in prediction of the data points associated with the underrepresented ionic liquids or extreme temperatures. The best models were used for the virtual screening for potential azeotrope breakers of aniline + n-dodecane mixture. The subject of screening was a combinatorial library of ionic liquids, created based on the previously unused combinations of cations and anions from SelinfDB and the test set extractants. Both selectivity at infinite dilution and auxiliary models show good performance in the validation. Our models' predictions were compared to the ones of the COSMO-RS, where applicable, displaying smaller prediction error. The best ionic liquid to extract aniline from n-dodecane was suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Experimental and Computational Investigation of Shaped Film Cooling Holes Designed to Minimize Inlet Separation
- Author
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David G. Bogard, Fraser B. Jones, and Dale W. Fox
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Materials science ,Machining ,Mechanical Engineering ,Separation (aeronautics) ,Mechanical engineering ,Engineering simulation ,Separation technology ,Inlet ,Coolant - Abstract
Film cooling is used to protect turbine components from the extreme temperatures by ejecting coolant through arrays of holes to create an air buffer from the hot combustion gases. Limitations in traditional machining meant film cooling holes universally have sharp inlets which create separation regions at the hole entrance. The present study uses experimental and computational data to show that these inlet separation are a major cause of performance variation in crossflow fed film cooling holes. Three hole designs were experimentally tested by independently varying the coolant velocity ratio (VR) and the coolant channel velocitty ratio (VRc) to isolate the effects of crossflow on hole performance. Leveraging additive manufacturing technologies, the addition of a 0.25D radius fillet to the inlet of a 7-7-7 shaped hole is shown to significantly improve diffuser usage and significantly reduce variation in performance with VRc. A second AM design used a very large radius of curvature inlet to reduce biasing caused by the inlet crossflow. Experiments showed that this “swept” hole design did minimize biasing of coolant flow to one side of the shaped hole and it significantly reduced variations due to varying VRc. RANS simulations at six VR and three VRc conditions were made for each geometry to better understand how the new geometries changed the velocity field within the hole. The sharp and rounded inlets were seen to have very similar tangential velocity fields and jet biasing. Both AM inlets created more uniform, slower velocity fields entering the diffuser. The results of this paper indicate large improvements in film cooling performance can be found by leveraging AM technology.
- Published
- 2023
18. Recent Progress of Biological Imaging Based on Monochiral Semiconducting Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes.
- Author
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XU Wenjing, HOU Juncai, and ZHAO Jianwen
- Subjects
CARBON nanotubes ,SINGLE walled carbon nanotubes ,INFRARED absorption ,ELECTRONIC band structure ,LIGHT absorption ,SEPARATION (Technology) ,CELL imaging ,OPTOELECTRONIC devices - Abstract
Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWCNTs) have shown obvious advantages in biomedical applications such as biological imaging, photo thermal therapy and drug delivery. In partial: they exhibit excrement properties for biological imaging due to their Inherent fluorescence and strong optical absorption in the near Infrared biological window (0. 7-1. 4 &m). ScSWCNT can be used in not only fluorescently in being cells in deep imaging in vivo, but also trading and treating tumor cells, which have attracted widespread attention. The electronic band structure and photoelectric properties of SC-SWCNTs depend on their chirality. The advantages of SC-SWCNTs themselves can be maximized only when using monarchial SC-SWCNTs for biomedical applications. The separation of monochiral SC-SWCNTs and their applications in new optoelectronic devices and bioluminescence imaging have become research hotspots at the forefront of science and technology. In ths paper, we will introduce the separation technology of sc-SWCNTs and the research progress of monochrral sc-SWCNTs in the field of biological imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Recovery Techniques Enabling Circular Chemistry from Wastewater
- Author
-
Vahideh Elhami, Evelyn C. Antunes, Hardy Temmink, and Boelo Schuur
- Subjects
extracellular polymeric substances ,long-chain dicarboxylic acids ,medium-chain carboxylic acids ,separation technology ,unsaturated fatty acids ,volatile fatty acids ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
In an era where it becomes less and less accepted to just send waste to landfills and release wastewater into the environment without treatment, numerous initiatives are pursued to facilitate chemical production from waste. This includes microbial conversions of waste in digesters, and with this type of approach, a variety of chemicals can be produced. Typical for digestion systems is that the products are present only in (very) dilute amounts. For such productions to be technically and economically interesting to pursue, it is of key importance that effective product recovery strategies are being developed. In this review, we focus on the recovery of biologically produced carboxylic acids, including volatile fatty acids (VFAs), medium-chain carboxylic acids (MCCAs), long-chain dicarboxylic acids (LCDAs) being directly produced by microorganisms, and indirectly produced unsaturated short-chain acids (USCA), as well as polymers. Key recovery techniques for carboxylic acids in solution include liquid-liquid extraction, adsorption, and membrane separations. The route toward USCA is discussed, including their production by thermal treatment of intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) polymers and the downstream separations. Polymers included in this review are extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Strategies for fractionation of the different fractions of EPS are discussed, aiming at the valorization of both polysaccharides and proteins. It is concluded that several separation strategies have the potential to further develop the wastewater valorization chains.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Grand Challenges in Membrane Applications--Gas and Vapor.
- Author
-
Jong Hak Kim
- Subjects
VAPORS ,MATERIALS science ,CARBON sequestration ,GAS separation membranes ,SEPARATION (Technology) - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Clean Fractionation for the Production of Cellulose Plastics: Office of Industrial Technologies (OIT) Agriculture Project Fact Sheet
- Author
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Carde, T
- Published
- 2001
22. From fruit to juice: Expert interview with Sales Engineer Ronald Haupt.
- Subjects
ENGINEERS ,FRUIT juices ,FRUIT juice processing - Abstract
An interview with Flottweg sales engineer Ronald Haupt on juice production in 2023 is presented. When asked on market trends, he cites the continuing growth of regional production to prevent carbon emissions, and the increasing health consciousness of consumers. Haupt states that gentle extraction of natural ingredients under general hygiene conditions is important in fruit juice production. He notes that Flottweg's separation technology offers flexibility in processing raw materials.
- Published
- 2023
23. Model‐based Scale Up of Solid Bowl Centrifuges Using Experimentally Determined Material Functions
- Author
-
Zhai, Ouwen, Baust, Helene, Gleiß, Marco, and Nirschl, Hermann
- Subjects
Chemical engineering ,Separation technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,ddc:660 ,Decanter centrifuge ,General Chemistry ,Material characterization ,Modelling ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Abstract
The scale up of solid bowl centrifuges is a major challenge as the process and material behavior are complex and difficult to describe. A common approach to forecast the process behavior is to use analytical models and transfer the experience gained from the lab to the industrial scale. In this context, time-consuming and cost-intensive pilot scale experiments are necessary. This paper presents a methodology to improve the scale up process and make it more sustainable by using a numerical model that allows the real-time tracking of the process and a more reliable scale up process. For this approach, the material behavior is derived from laboratory experiments whereby the scalability is given. Here, the determination of material functions allows an accurate representation of the material behavior for solid bowl centrifuges of different scales. The focus of this paper is the detailed explanation of material related functions for the scale up of decanter centrifuges.
- Published
- 2022
24. Effective separation of magnetite nanoparticles within an industrial-scale pipeline reactor.
- Author
-
Hutchins, David L. and Downey, Jerome P.
- Subjects
- *
NANOPARTICLES , *MAGNETIC cores , *WASTEWATER treatment , *PIPELINES , *MAGNETIC separation - Abstract
Within the field of wastewater treatment, nano-adsorbents are a significant emerging technology; however, separation of the nano-scale particles after loading has proved to be an impediment to widespread industrial implementation. Magnetic collection of nanoparticles is a potential strategy for effective separation. Nano-scale magnetite is an effective adsorbent, is sufficiently magnetically susceptible, and is superparamagnetic, allowing re-dispersion following magnetic collection. In this work, an in-line, water-cooled magnetic collection module was developed with collection efficiencies regularly exceeding 98%. Models were developed over various flow regimes. The role of cooperative magnetophoresis was demonstrated and a physical model has been proposed for adsorption upon particle agglomerations about magnetic core wires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Glycoprotein biomarkers and analysis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer with special focus on serum immunoglobulin G.
- Author
-
Komaromy, Andras, Reider, Balazs, Jarvas, Gabor, and Guttman, Andras
- Subjects
- *
OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *LUNG cancer , *IMMUNOGLOBULIN G , *GLYCOPROTEIN analysis , *GLYCANS , *GLYCAN structure , *BLOOD proteins - Abstract
• The glycosylation of proteins significantly changes in COPD, hypoxia and lung cancer. • Highly branched glycans with sialylation increase in both diseases. • Increase in IgG1 Fc-agalactosylation can be observed in lung cancer. • LCMS of IgG as well as CE of N -glycans may contribute to distinguish between the diseases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are two major diseases of the lung with high rate of mortality, mostly among tobacco smokers. The glycosylation patterns of various plasma proteins show significant changes in COPD and subsequent hypoxia, inflammation and lung cancer, providing promising opportunities for screening aberrant glycan structures contribute to early detection of both diseases. Glycoproteins associated with COPD and lung cancer consist of highly sialylated N -glycans, which play an important role in inflammation whereby hypoxia leads to accumulation of sialyl Lewis A and X glycans. Although COPD is an inflammatory disease, it is an independent risk factor for lung cancer. Marked decrease in galactosylation of plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) together with increased presence of sialic acids and more complex highly branched N -glycan structures are characteristic for COPD and lung cancer. Numerous glycan biomarkers have been discovered, and analysis of glycovariants associated with COPD and lung cancer has been carried out. In this paper we review fundamental glycosylation changes in COPD and lung cancer glycoproteins, focusing on IgG to provide an opportunity to distinguish between the two diseases at the glycoprotein level with diagnostic value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Some Aspects of Design and Modelling of Multi-phase Separation Process in Complex Channels Under Magnetic Fields
- Author
-
Kireitseu, Maxim and Segalini, Antonio, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Superb microplastics separation performance of graphene oxide tuned by laser bombardment.
- Author
-
Sun, Jiawei, Xiong, Yuwei, Jia, Haiyang, Han, Longxiang, and Yin, Kuibo
- Subjects
- *
GRAPHENE oxide , *PLASTIC marine debris , *MICROPLASTICS , *BOMBARDMENT , *MEMBRANE separation , *LASERS - Abstract
Microplastics have been identified as a significant environmental threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Consequently, there is an urgent need for efficient separation methods for small-sized MPs. In this study, a super-hydrophilic graphene oxide (GO) membrane is successfully prepared by facilely depositing GO on a microfiltration substrate, without introducing any surface modification materials, especially nanoparticles, which may cause secondary pollution. Laser bombardment reduces GO lamellar size (23.6% of its original size) and creates an abundance of defects and undulating wrinkles, enabling the deposited GO membrane to have more and shorter pathways for water. As a result, the filtration permeance for 10 μ m polyvinyl chloride reaches up to 3396 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, a 1–2-order-of-magnitude enhancement compared to the unirradiated GO membrane, and is also superior to most nanoparticle-modified GO membranes. Simultaneously, the labyrinth structure endows the membrane with a high filtration efficiency of approximately 99% for the majority of MPs. This excellent performance remains virtually unchanged after repeated use. The integration of outstanding separation effects and health safety presents opportunities for practical applications in long-term MP-in-water separation. [Display omitted] • Manipulating the microstructure of graphene oxide (GO) via laser modulation. • Enable the fabrication of defect-rich and wrinkled GO with reduced dimensions. • Fabricating GO-only membrane for microplastic separation with ultrahigh efficiency. • 2-order-of-magnitude enhancement of flux compared to the unirradiated GO membrane. • Suitable for the separation of almost all microplastics with a wide range of sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Acetaminophen adsorption using a low‐cost adsorbent prepared from modified residues of Moringa oleifera Lam. seed husks.
- Author
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Quesada, Heloise B, Cusioli, Luís Fernando, O Bezerra, Charleston, Baptista, Aline TA, Nishi, Leticia, Gomes, Raquel G, and Bergamasco, Rosângela
- Subjects
MORINGA oleifera ,ACETAMINOPHEN ,ADSORPTION (Chemistry) ,ADSORPTION capacity ,IONIC strength ,WATER purification - Abstract
Background: The high consumption of acetaminophen leads to high concentrations in surface water causing impacts on aquatic organisms, which is highlighting the need for investigation of alternative water and wastewater treatments. Therefore, the present study objective was to evaluate the adsorption capacity of acetaminophen onto Moringa oleifera Lam. seed husks after chemical and thermal treatment. Results: The characterization of the adsorbent revelaed heterogeneous morphology with the presence of micro‐ and mesopores. Adsorption studies showed that the adsorption did not altered between pH 3 and 9, and that there was no significant effect of the ionic strength, indicating that the mechanism does not involve electrostatic interactions. In fact, Fourier transform infrard spectra showed that acetaminophen was adsorbed by hydrogen bonds and π‐stacking. The kinetic data were adjusted to the pseudo‐first‐order model, indicating an equilibrium time of 18 h. The equilibrium study showed that adsorption occurred in a monolayer and was favoured by the increase in temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity was 17.48 mg g−1, at 318 K, higher than some capacities found in the literature. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the process was spontaneous, endothermic and physical. Conclusions: The characteristics and results found compared to the recent literature verified the possibility of applying this residue as a low‐cost adsorbent for the removal of acetaminophen. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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29. Design and performance analysis of a supercritical CO2 (sCO2)-water separator for power generation systems using hot sCO2 from geothermal reservoirs.
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Qiao, Zongliang, Tang, Youfei, Zhang, Lei, Pan, Chunjian, Romero, Carlos E., Wang, Xingchao, Charles, Joshua, Si, Fengqi, and Rubio Maya, Carlos
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SUPERCRITICAL carbon dioxide , *REYNOLDS stress , *MACHINE separators , *WORKING fluids , *RESERVOIRS , *GEOTHERMAL resources - Abstract
• A hydrocyclone separator was designed to separate water from sCO 2 for CPG. • RSM and DPM were used to study flow characteristics of sCO 2 and water. • Rankine vortex distribution was advantageous for the separation process. • Effects of parameters on separation efficiency and pressure drop were studied. CO 2 has been believed a potential working fluid for geothermal heat mining. A novel hydrocyclone was designed to address the separation problem of sCO 2 and water produced from geothermal reservoirs, preparing pure sCO 2 for direct expansion through a turbine for power generation. The Reynolds stress model (RSM) and discrete particle model (DPM) were employed in numerical simulations to analyze the flow behavior and droplet separation process inside the hydrocyclone, as well as to determine the influence of operational and structural parameters on separator performance. The results show that the velocity distribution inside the separator has Rankine vortex characteristics, ensuring effective separation of water droplets. Four operational parameters (inlet velocity, droplet size, water mass fraction and split ratio) and three geometrical parameters (inlet equivalent diameter, cylinder chamber diameter and overflow outlet location/size) were found to have important impacts on separation efficiency. It has been found that droplet size is the most significant factor. Separation efficiency was modeled as reaching 100% when droplet size was greater than 7 μm. Inlet velocity, split ratio, inlet equivalent diameter, and overflow outlet diameter were also found to significantly impact the pressure drop of the separator. The split ratio is the most important adjustable operational parameter affecting the separation process. An optimal split ratio for each inlet water mass fraction was obtained. The insertion depth of the overflow pipe can also be optimized for separator performance. The analysis results in this paper can be used for design optimization and operation guidance of the sCO 2 -water separation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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30. 食品中硒元素形态分析的研究进展.
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郭丽丽, 李 俊, 贺 博, 肖志明, 蒋晨阳, and 张秉璇
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Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2019
31. Development trend and prospect of solid phase extraction technology
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Huifang Xing, Liangrong Yang, Pengfei Fei, Chao Zhang, and Huizhou Liu
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Strategic planning ,Environmental Engineering ,Computer science ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Scale (chemistry) ,High selectivity ,General Chemistry ,Separation technology ,Bibliometrics ,Biochemistry ,Development (topology) ,Solid phase extraction ,Process engineering ,business ,Volume concentration - Abstract
Solid phase extraction is widely used in sample pretreatment, concentration and analysis processes due to high selectivity and suitability for low concentration sample system. In this review, we systematically summarized and discussed the development trends of solid phase extraction by bibliometrics method. By analyzing papers output scale, the research and development direction of solid phase extraction technology is prospected. We also give an overview on current strategies of novel solid phase extraction from the separation medium and separation technology. The paper aims to describe the global research profile and the development trends of solid phase extraction, to help researchers to accurately grasp the research trend and to provide support for scientific research institutions to formulate scientific policies and strategic plans. Furthermore, the prospect of the development and application of solid phase extraction is also discussed.
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- 2022
32. Screening and design of COF-based mixed-matrix membrane for CH4/N2 separation
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Qingyuan Yang, Tongan Yan, Chongli Zhong, and Dahuan Liu
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Mixed matrix ,Environmental Engineering ,Materials science ,Polydimethylsiloxane ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Separation technology ,Biochemistry ,Membrane technology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Membrane ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Gas separation ,Selectivity ,Covalent organic framework - Abstract
Membrane separation is a high-efficiency, energy-saving, and environment-friendly separation technology. Covalent organic framework (COF)-based mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) have broad application prospects in gas separation and are expected to provide new solutions for coal-bed methane purification. Herein, a high-throughput screening method is used to calculate and evaluate COF-based MMMs for CH4/N2 separation. General design rules are proposed from thermodynamic and kinetic points of view using the computation-ready, experimental COFs. From our database containing 471671 generated COFs, 5 COF membrane materials were screened with excellent membrane selectivities, which were then used as the filler of MMMs for separation performance evaluation. Among them, BAR-NAP-Benzene_CF3 combined with polydimethylsiloxane and styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene show high CH4 permeability of 4.43×10–13 mol·m·s–1·Pa–1·m–2 and high CH4/N2 selectivity of 9.54, respectively. The obtained results may provide reasonable information for the design of COF-based membranes for the efficient separation of CH4/N2.
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- 2022
33. Environmentally safe technology of drilling waste management
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Lutsenko, Serhii Viktorovych
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environmental safety ,техногенне навантаження ,technogenic load ,centrifuge ,декантер ,drilling waste ,drilling mud ,буровий шлам ,забруднюючі речовини ,separation technology ,екологічна безпека ,decanter ,відходи буріння ,трикантер ,буровий розчин ,pollutants ,drilling sludge ,tricanter ,реологія ,rheology ,центрифуга ,технологія розділення - Abstract
Дисертація присвячена вирішенню науково-практичних завдань щодо комплексного екологічного вирішення проблеми поводження з відходами буріння, а саме буровим шламом, відпрацьованим буровим розчином, аналізу рівня техногенного навантаження в регіонах видобування нафти та газу. Серед багатьох технологічних схем, способів та методів утилізації відходів буріння повністю ефективної та екологічно безпечної технології не існує. Це пояснюється тим, що часто не враховуються геологічні та природно-кліматичні особливості територій та технологічні аспекти проведення робіт. Тому наукове обгрунтування, розроблення та впровадження найбільш оптимальної технологічної схеми утилізації бурових відходів з урахуванням індивідуальних параметрів та особливостей відходів є актуальною проблемою, на розвʼязання якої спрямовані дисертаційні дослідження. Метою роботи є розроблення та впровадження екологічно безпечної технології поводження з буровими відходами, а саме розділення бурового шламу в полі дії відцентрових сил на фази, за допомогою коагулянтів та флокулянтів з подальшим використанням отриманих фаз. Основними завданнями дисертаційних досліджень було аналізування впливу бурових відходів на навколишнє природне середовище та сучасні методи і технології поводження з ними; розроблення методики проведення експерименту та дослідження властивостей бурових відходів; оцінювання екологічної безпеки бурових відходів до та після розділення; встановлення ступеню осушення бурових відходів у центрифузі залежно від типу основи бурового розчину та його реологічних властивостей; обґрунтування інтенсифікації процесу розділення бурового шламу за допомогою додавання коагулянта та флокулянта; проведення математичного моделювання процесу розділення бурового шламу у полі дії відцентрових сил; удосконалення технологічної схеми екологічно безпечної технології утилізації бурових відходів; оцінка збитку за засмічення ґрунтової поверхні буровими відходами та еколого-економічної ефективності розробленої технології. Дисертаційна робота є завершеним дослідженням у науковому напрямку технології захисту навколишнього середовища. Основні положення, розробка та обґрунтування наукової новизни та практичного значення дисертаційної роботи отримано автором самостійно. Основні результати роботи доповідались та опубліковані в матеріалах міжнародних та всеукраїнських конференцій та наукових виданнях. Із метою підвищення рівня екологічної безпеки нафтовидобувних територій та ефективності поводження з буровими відходами одержані такі нові наукові та практичні результати. Вперше розроблено науково-методичні основи хімічної інтенсифікації процесу очищення відпрацьованого бурового розчину з відділенням твердої фази на основі реологічних властивостей бурового розчину, що дозволило підвищити рівень екологічної безпеки досліджуваного процесу. Науково обґрунтовано та експериментально підтверджено залежність ступеня осушення бурового шламу у центрифузі від типу основи бурового розчину, що обумовлено різними реологічними властивостями глинистих матеріалів та вуглеводнів. З метою підвищення рівня екологічної безпеки утилізації окремих фаз бурових відходів встановлено закономірності розподілення хімічних елементів, зокрема важких металів, між рідкою та твердою фазами відпрацьованого бурового розчину та бурового шламу після розділення у центрифузі. Набули подальшого розвитку методичні засади еколого-технічних рішень щодо розділення бурових відходів у відцентровому полі та застосування центрифуг у комплексній схемі поводження з відходами, що дозволило знизити техногенне навантаження на навколишнє природне середовище від нафтовидобувної діяльності. Вдосконалено науково-методичний підхід до розрахунку екологоекономічних збитків від забруднення ґрунтової поверхні буровими відходами, що містять нафтові вуглеводні, на підставі результатів математичного моделювання геофільтрації нафти. Розроблено спосіб поводження з буровими відходами, що передбачає їх розділення у центрифузі чи декантері на рідку і тверду фази з метою роздільної утилізації одержаних фаз. Такий підхід є екологічно безпечним та економічно доцільним, оскільки рідка фаза відповідає нормативним показникам якості для повторного застосування під час приготування бурового розчину, а тверду фазу можна успішно утилізувати хімічним способом, що забезпечує зв'язування важких металів. Удосконалено технологічну схему розділення шламу, зокрема впроваджено одночасне застосування коагулянта та флокулянта з обґрунтуванням оптимальних доз під час підготовки бурового шламу до сепарації. Для максимально ефективного розділення бурових відходів на фази включено в технологічну схему сепарації шламу установку автоматичний блок керування температурою. Використання вертикального осушувача в технологічній схемі значно забезпечує зниження вологості шламу, що дозволяє підвищити ефективність розділення шламу на фази, з подальшим їх використанням як окремого ресурсу. Практична реалізація на базі ТОВ «Укрнафтозапчастина» запропонованих методичних підходів до підвищення ефективності роботи осушувача ОВШ-950 за рахунок застосування хімічної попередньої підготовки бурових відходів та визначення комплексу параметрів для аналізування ступеню екологічної безпеки твердої фази бурового шламу, одержаного на виході із центрифуги. У межах виконання дисертаційних досліджень одержано такі науково обґрунтовані результати. Розроблено методику експерименту, що передбачає дослідження властивостей бурових відходів до та після розділення, зокрема за показниками екологічної безпеки; встановлення закономірностей розділення відходів у центрифузі у разі інтенсифікації процесу хімічним коагулюванням та флокуванням. Запропоновано методи дослідження та показники оцінювання рівня екологічної безпеки бурових відходів до та після розділення. Запропоновано використовувати ступінь осушення твердої фази у центрифузі як показник ефективності інтенсифікації та параметрів робочого режиму осушувача. Розглянуто механізм коагулювання та флокування як методів інтенсифікації осадження зважених частинок та відповідно ефективності розділення шламу на тверду і рідку фази, та ступеня осушення твердої фази шламу. Показано результативність розділення бурових шламів, утворених у результаті буріння свердловин із застосуванням різних основ для бурових розчинів, на центрифузі, та осушення осаду в осушувачі ОВШ-950. Рівень вмісту небезпечних забруднювальних речовин (ферум, нікель, купрум, плюмбум, хром) у зразках бурового шламу до розділення на центрифузі та в одержаній твердій фазі відрізняється, зокрема прослідковується тенденція до концентрування важких металів у твердій фазі, проте їх концентрація знаходиться у межах нормативно допустимих значень. Коефіцієнт екологічної небезпеки твердої фази знаходиться у межах допустимого значення (К < 1), що дозволяє зробити висновок про ступінь екологічної небезпеки твердої фази на рівні прийнятного. Встановлено, що осушувач вертикальний ОВШ-950 забезпечує ступінь осушення бурового шламу залежно від типу бурового розчину, що використовувався, на рівні від 51 % до 82 % для IEP Witer II та глиняно-полімерної основи відповідно. Обґрунтовано взаємозв'язок вищого ступеня осушення для зразків на глиняно-полімерній основі з реологічними властивостями та показником водовіддачі. Встановлено оптимальні дози коагулянта та флокулянта; доведено, що додавання коагулянта алюміній сульфату на рівні 35 % мас. від частки механічних домішок та флокулянта хітозану на рівні 0,4 % мас. з підтриманням кислої реакції середовища (рН на рівні 5–5,5 од.) забезпечує ступінь осушення твердої фази до 95–98 %. Проведено математичне моделювання процесу розділення бурового шламу у полі дії відцентрових сил. Одержано залежності глибини проникнення нафти в ґрунті залежно від параметрів ґрунту, нафти та навколишнього середовища, зокрема визначальним є вологість та пористість ґрунту. Удосконалено технологічну схему екологічно безпечної технології утилізації бурових відходів за рахунок застосування високоефективної центрифуги ОВШ-950 для розділення бурових відходів та інтенсифікації процесу шляхом додавання оптимальних доз коагулянта алюміній сульфату та флокулянта хітозану. Проведено інженерний розрахунок основного обладнання центрифуги ОВШ-950 на основі енергетичних витрат, що дозволяє обґрунтувати доцільність та економічну ефективність її застосування у розробленій технологічній схемі. Оцінено еколого-економічний ефект від впровадження запропонованої технології захисту довкілля за рахунок економії на сплаті екологічного податку та збитку за засмічення ґрунтової поверхні буровими відходами, що становить 2 595,240 тис. грн. Розраховано еколого-економічну ефективність розробленої технології з урахуванням капітальних та поточних витрат на реалізацію проєкту, що складає 328,307 тис. грн. The dissertation is devoted to solving scientific and practical problems of integrated environmental solutions to the problem of drilling waste management, namely drill cuttings, spent drilling mud, analysis of the level of technogenic load in oil and gas production regions. Among the many technological schemes, methods and techniques of drilling waste utilization, there is no fully effective and environmentally safe technology. This is because the geological and climatic features of the territories and technological aspects of the work are often not taken into account. Therefore, the scientific substantiation, development, and implementation of the most optimal technological scheme for the utilization of drilling waste, taking into account individual parameters and characteristics of the waste, is an urgent problem that the dissertation research is aimed at solving. The aim of the work is to develop and implement an environmentally friendly drilling waste management technology, namely the separation of drill cuttings into phases under centrifugal forces using coagulants and flocculants with the subsequent use of the resulting phases. The main objectives of the dissertation research were to analyze the impact of drill cuttings on the environment and modern methods and technologies for their management; to develop a methodology for conducting an experiment and studying the properties of drill cuttings; to assess the environmental safety of drill cuttings before and after separation; to establish the degree of dewatering of drill cuttings in a centrifuge depending on the type of drilling mud base and its rheological properties; substantiation of the intensification of the drill cuttings separation process by adding coagulant and flocculant; mathematical modeling of the drill cuttings separation process in the field of centrifugal forces; improvement of the technological scheme of environmentally safe drill cuttings utilization technology; assessment of damage for soil surface contamination by drill cuttings and environmental and economic efficiency of the developed technology. The thesis is a completed research in the scientific field of environmental protection technology. The main provisions, development and substantiation of the scientific novelty and practical significance of the dissertation were obtained by the author independently. The main results of the work were presented and published in the proceedings of international and national conferences and scientific journals. The following new scientific and practical results were obtained in order to improve the level of environmental safety of oil producing areas and the efficiency of drilling waste management. For the first time, the scientific and methodological bases of chemical intensification of the process of purification of spent drilling mud with the separation of the solid phase based on the rheological properties of the drilling mud were developed, which made it possible to increase the level of environmental safety of the studied process. The dependence of the degree of drill cuttings dewatering in a centrifuge on the type of drilling mud base has been scientifically substantiated and experimentally confirmed, which is due to the different rheological properties of clay materials and hydrocarbons. In order to increase the level of environmental safety of the utilization of certain phases of drilling waste, the regularities of the distribution of chemical elements, in particular heavy metals, between the liquid and solid phases of spent drilling mud and drill cuttings after separation in a centrifuge were established. The methodological foundations of environmental and technical solutions for separation of drilling waste in a centrifugal field and the use of centrifuges in a comprehensive waste management scheme were further developed, which made it possible to reduce the technogenic load on the environment from oil production activities. The scientific and methodological approach to calculating environmental and economic damage from soil surface contamination by drilling waste containing oil hydrocarbons based on the results of mathematical modeling of oil geofiltration was improved. A method of drilling waste management has been developed that involves separating drilling waste into liquid and solid phases in a centrifuge or decanter for separate utilization of the resulting phases. This approach is environmentally safe and economically feasible, since the liquid phase meets the regulatory quality indicators for reuse in the preparation of drilling mud, and the solid phase can be successfully utilized by chemical means that ensures the binding of heavy metals. The technological scheme of sludge separation was improved, in particular, the simultaneous use of coagulant and flocculant was introduced with justification of optimal doses during the preparation of drill cuttings for separation. To ensure the most efficient separation of drilling waste into phases, an automatic temperature control unit was included in the sludge separation process flow chart. The use of a vertical dehumidifier in the technological scheme significantly reduces the sludge moisture content, which allows to increase the efficiency of sludge separation into phases, with their subsequent use as a separate resource. Practical implementation on the basis of Ukrnaftozapchastyna LLC of the proposed methodological approaches to improving the efficiency of the Vertical sludge dryer VSD-950 dryer by applying chemical pretreatment of drilling waste and determining a set of parameters for analyzing the degree of environmental safety of the solid phase of drilling cuttings obtained at the outlet of the centrifuge. As part of the dissertation research, the following scientifically substantiated results were obtained. An experimental methodology has been developed that involves studying the properties of drilling waste before and after separation, in particular, according to environmental safety indicators; establishing the laws of waste separation in a centrifuge in the case of process intensification by chemical coagulation and flocculation. Methods of research and indicators for assessing the level of environmental safety of drilling waste before and after separation are proposed. It is proposed to use the degree of dewatering of the solid phase in the centrifuge as an indicator of the efficiency of intensification and the parameters of the operating mode of the drier. The mechanism of coagulation and flocculation as methods of intensifying the deposition of suspended particles and, accordingly, the efficiency of sludge separation into solid and liquid phases, and the degree of dewatering of the solid phase of the sludge are considered. The paper shows the effectiveness of separation of drill cuttings formed as a result of drilling wells using different bases for drilling fluids on a centrifuge and drying the sludge in the VSD-950 dehumidifier. The level of hazardous pollutants (ferrous, nickel, copper, plumbum, chromium) in the drill cuttings samples before separation by centrifuge and in the resulting solid phase differs, in particular, there is a tendency to concentrate heavy metals in the solid phase, but their concentration is within the limits of regulatory permissible values. The coefficient of environmental hazard of the solid phase is within the permissible value (K < 1), which allows us to conclude that the degree of environmental hazard of the solid phase is acceptable. It has been established that the vertical dehumidifier VSD-950 provides a degree of drilling sludge dewatering depending on the type of drilling mud used at the level of 51 % to 82 % for IEP Witer II and clay-polymer base, respectively. The relationship between the higher degree of dewatering for clay-polymer-based samples and rheological properties and water transfer rate was substantiated. The optimal doses of coagulant and flocculant were determined; it was proved that the addition of coagulant aluminum sulfate at the level of 35 % by weight of the proportion of mechanical impurities and flocculant chitosan at the level of 0.4 % by weight with the maintenance of an acid reaction of the medium (pH at the level of 5–5.5 units) provides a degree of dewatering of the solid phase up to 95–98 %. The mathematical modeling of the process of drill cuttings separation in the field of centrifugal forces is carried out. Dependences of the depth of oil penetration in the soil on the parameters of the soil, oil, and the environment were obtained, in particular, soil moisture and porosity. The technological scheme of environmentally friendly drilling waste utilization technology was improved by using a high-efficiency centrifuge VSD-950 for separation of drilling waste and intensification of the process by adding optimal doses of aluminum sulfate coagulant and chitosan flocculant. An engineering calculation of the main equipment of the VSD-950 centrifuge based on energy consumption was carried out, which allows us to substantiate the feasibility and economic efficiency of its use in the developed technological scheme. The ecological and economic effect of the proposed environmental protection technology implementation due to savings on environmental tax payment and damage for soil contamination with drilling waste, which amounts to 2 595,240 UAH thousand, is estimated. The ecological and economic efficiency of the developed technology is calculated, taking into account the capital and current costs of the project, which amount to 328,307 UAH thousand.
- Published
- 2023
34. Pilot-Scale Testing of a Rotary Microfilter with Irradiated Filter Disks and Simulated SRS Waste
- Author
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POIRIER, MICHAELR
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Ecotoxicological investigations of milking cow slurry and changes of oestrogenic compounds in the solid and liquid phase
- Author
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Eduard Gubó, Bence Horváth, Ildikó Kiss-Szarvák, Pál Szakál, Richárd Gubó, Mishele Erdenebaatar, and Judit Plutzer
- Subjects
Suspended solids ,Ecology ,Chemistry ,Liquid manure ,Slurry ,Liquid phase ,Solid phases ,Separation technology ,Environmental Science (miscellaneous) ,Pulp and paper industry ,Dairy cattle ,Energy (miscellaneous) ,Milking - Abstract
Due to the appearance of intensive livestock-rearing systems since the 1970s, a vast amount of liquid manure (slurry) has been produced. The application and utilization are partly regulated for this special substance, which contains urine, excrement, process water, and other chemicals, such as insecticides and disinfectants. Our research was conducted on a slurry management system of a dairy cattle farm, focusing on the investigation of the presence of oestrogenic substances and toxicity of slurry before and after using a separator technology. Yeast oestrogen screen shows in this study that the separation of the liquid and solid phases of slurry contributes to the reduction in oestrogenic substances. Based on the toxicological studies, the growth inhibition of algae was 93%, and the inhibition of the germination of higher plant seeds was 25%, without separation. After separation of the phases, growth and germination were comparable with the negative control; moreover, some stimulation was detected. Consequently, harmful substances were removed with the suspended solid phase. From the present study, we can conclude that stakeholders should support separation technology in intensive livestock-rearing systems, and ecotoxicological investigations obviously help the risk management of slurry utilization. To our best knowledge, this is the first paper presenting detailed and complex toxicological study on slurry samples.
- Published
- 2021
36. A bio-inspired approach for boosting innovation in the separation technology sector
- Author
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Gaetano Cascini and Alessandro Bianciardi
- Subjects
Boosting (machine learning) ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Segmentation ,Separation technology ,Ideation ,Desalination ,Manufacturing engineering - Abstract
Because of its size, high segmentation within the global market and challenges driving its development, the separation technology sector could benefit from a bio-inspired approach to innovation to create more efficient and sustainable solutions. The potential for bio-inspired innovation is still largely untapped and Biologically-Inspired Design (BID) methods and tools are still largely underutilised, especially within the industry. A new BID method, called Guild-Based (GB) BID, is proposed to create a database of a large set of biological solutions – identified by a function – where biological information is structured to be more effective and usable within the industrial environment. A database for the separation technology sector has been set up and populated with 118 relevant biological solutions responding to the main function ‘to separate’. The database has been utilised to generate several clusters of solutions depending on the level of detail of the formulated problem. In particular, these include broad design principles of separation, taxonomies of biological solutions for specific separation problems and novel design concepts for two specific separation technologies (a desalination technology and an antibacterial surface). Furthermore, because of a large dataset of biological solutions, the possibility of determining the frequency of occurrence of specific separation strategies in nature can trigger reflections on the impact of existing separation technologies and taking decisions on future related R&D paths. More tests need to be conducted in the industrial environment; however, the results achieved so far indicate that the method proposed can indeed be instrumental to generating innovative ideas of interest to the separation technology sector.
- Published
- 2021
37. Separation and purification of plant terpenoids from biotransformation
- Author
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Chun Li, Yaru Pang, Bo Lv, Linhao Chen, Xu Cheng, and Yan Luo
- Subjects
separation ,Environmental Engineering ,purification ,Separation (aeronautics) ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Bioengineering ,Separation technology ,Review ,intelligent microbial cell factories ,Terpenoid ,Downstream (manufacturing) ,Biotransformation ,Environmental science ,Separation method ,plant terpenoids ,Biochemical engineering ,synthetic biology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The production of plant terpenoids through biotransformation has undoubtedly become one of the research hotspots, and the continuous upgrading of the corresponding downstream technology is also particularly important. Downstream technology is the indispensable technical channel for the industrialization of plant terpenoids. How to efficiently separate high‐purity products from complex microbial fermentation broths or enzyme‐catalyzed reactions to achieve high separation rates, high returns and environmental friendliness has become the focus of research in recent years. This review mainly introduces the common separation methods of plant terpenoids based on biotransformation from the perspectives of engineering strain construction, unit separation technology, product properties and added value. Then, further attention was paid to the application prospects of intelligent cell factories and control in the separation of plant terpenoids. Finally, some current challenges and prospects are proposed, which provide possible directions and guidance for the separation and purification of terpenoids and even industrialization.
- Published
- 2021
38. Research progress in the application of external field separation technology and microfluidic technology in the separation of micro/nanoscales
- Author
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Donghao Li, Xiangfan Piao, Jiaxuan Cui, and Lu Liu
- Subjects
Technology ,Chromatography ,Field (physics) ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Microfluidics ,Organic Chemistry ,Detector ,Separation (aeronautics) ,Nanotechnology ,Cell Separation ,Separation technology ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Development (topology) ,Electrochemistry ,Miniaturization ,External field - Abstract
The micro/nanoscales concerns interactions of entities with sizes in the range of 0.1-100 μm, such as biological cells, proteins, and particles. The separation of micro/nanoscales has been of immense significance for drug development, early-stage cancer detection, and customized precision therapy. For example, in recent years, rapid advances in the field of cell therapy have necessitated the development of simple and effective cell separation techniques. The isolation technique allows the collection of the required stem cells from complex samples. With the development of materials science and precision medicine, the separation of particles is also critical. The key physicochemical properties of micro/nanoscales are highly dependent on their specific size, shape, functional group, and mobility (based on the charged characteristics), which control their performance in the separation system. The current demand has made the simultaneous innovation of a separation system and an on-line detection platform imperative. Accordingly, various analytical methods involving the use of external forces, such as the flow field, magnetic field, electric field, and acoustic field, have been used for micro/nanoscales separation. Based on the physical and chemical parameters of the separation materials, these analytical methods can select different external force fields for micro/nanoscales separation, enabling real-time, accurate, efficient, and selective separation. However, at present, most of the applied field separation technologies require complex equipment and a large sample amount. This makes it crucial to miniaturize and integrate separation technologies for low-cost, rapid, and accurate micro/nanoscales separation. Microfluidic technology is a representative micro/nanoscales separation technology. It requires only a small volume of liquid, making it cost-effective; its high throughput enables continuous separation and analysis; its fast response in a microchip can allow many reactions; and finally, the miniaturization of the device allows the coupling of multiple detectors with the microchip. With the continuous growth and progress of microfluidic technology, some microfluidic platforms are now able to achieve the non-destructive separation of cells. They also enable on-line detection, offer high separation efficiency, and allow rapid separation for different biological samples. This review primarily summarizes recent advances in microfluidic chips based on flow field, electric field, magnetic field, acoustic field, and field separation technologies to improve the micro/nanoscales separation efficiency. This review also discusses the various external force fields of micro/nanoscales, such as a microparticle, single cell separation of substances classified introduction, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of their application and development. Finally, the prospect of the combined application of external field separation technology and microfluidic technology in the early screening of cancer cells and for precise micro/nanoscales separation is discussed, and the advantages and potential applications of the combined technology are proposed.
- Published
- 2021
39. Green separation technologies in food processing: supercritical-CO2 fluid and subcritical water extraction
- Author
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Shi, John, Xue, Sophia Jun, Ma, Ying, Jiang, Yueming, Ye, Xingqian, Yu, Dianyu, Boye, Joyce I., editor, and Arcand, Yves, editor
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Introduction
- Author
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Mersmann, Alfons, Kind, Matthias, Stichlmair, Johann, Mersmann, Alfons, Kind, Matthias, and Stichlmair, Johann
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Fan Stability With Leading Edge Damage: Blind Prediction and Validation
- Author
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T. Brandvik, E. J. Gunn, R. Maxwell, and M. J. Wilson
- Subjects
Leading edge ,Flow separation ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Separation technology ,Structural engineering ,Engineering simulation ,Computational fluid dynamics ,business ,Stability (probability) - Abstract
This paper considers the impact of a damaged leading edge on the stall margin and stall inception mechanisms of a transonic, low pressure ratio fan. The damage takes the form of a squared-off leading edge over the upper half of the blade. Full-annulus, unsteady CFD simulations are used to explain the stall inception mechanisms for the fan at low- and high-speed operating points. A combination of steady and unsteady simulations show that the fan is predicted to be sensitive to leading edge damage at low speed, but insensitive at high speed. This blind prediction aligns well with rig test data. The difference in response is shown to be caused by the change between subsonic and supersonic flow regimes at the leading edge. Where the inlet relative flow is subsonic, rotating stall is initiated by growth and propagation of a subsonic leading edge flow separation. This separation is shown to be triggered at higher mass flow rates when the leading edge is damaged, reducing the stable flow range. Where the inlet relative flow is supersonic, the flow undergoes a supersonic expansion around the leading edge, creating a supersonic flow patch terminated by a shock on the suction surface. Rotating stall is triggered by growth of this separation, which is insensitive to leading edge shape. This creates a marked difference in sensitivity to damage at low- and high-speed operating points.
- Published
- 2022
42. Valorization of food solid waste by recovery of polyphenols using hybrid molecular imprinted membrane.
- Author
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Mansour, Mona S.M., Abdel-Shafy, Hussein I., and Mehaya, Fathy M.S.
- Subjects
POLYPHENOLS ,SOLID waste ,MEMBRANE separation - Abstract
Abstract The food and agricultural products processing industries generate significant quantities of phenolics-rich byproducts, which could be valuable natural sources of antioxidants. In the present study, hot water was used as a solvent to gain extract from lemon, orange and onion peels that were separated from domestic solid wastes. In order to recover the valuable compounds from food solid wastes extract, hybrid molecularly imprinted membrane (HMIM) was synthesized based on the prepared Qurecetin molecular imprinted polymer nanoparticles (Qu–MIP NPs). The binding capacity of the Qu–MIP NPs and its respective non imprinted towards qurecetin (Qu) were found to be 80 and 15 mmol g-1, respectively. The prepared HMIM was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the specific surface area, pore volume and pore size were also investigated. The recovery percentage of each polyphenol compound using HMIM was calculated. It was found that the HMIM efficiently recovers the polyphenols from lemon, orange and onion peel extracts with different percentages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. A nanoporous carbon material coated onto steel wires for solid-phase microextraction of chlorobenzenes prior to their quantitation by gas chromatography.
- Author
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Hu Cheng, Yang Song, Yongrong Bian, Fang Wang, Rongting Ji, Wenxiang He, Chenggang Gu, Gangfeng Ouyang, and Xin Jiang
- Subjects
- *
SOLID phase extraction , *NANOPOROUS materials , *STEEL wire , *GAS chromatography , *ELECTRON detection , *ELECTRON capture , *POTASSIUM ions - Abstract
A nanoporous carbon material was synthesized by heating potassium citrate without using a template or an activating agent. It is shown to represent a viable coating for use in solid-phase microextraction. The material is thermally stable and mainly consists of amorphous sheets of sp2-bonded carbon. It has an extensive pore structure and a surface area as large as 1236 m²⋅g-1. The nanoporous carbon was deposited on the surface of steel wires, and the resulting fibers were applied to the extraction of trace levels of chlorobenzenes in water samples. Following extraction by absorbing, the chlorobenzenes were quantified by gas chromatograph in combination with electron capture detection. Extraction temperature and time, and desorption temperature were optimized (80 °C, 10 min and 310 °C). Under optimized conditions, the calibration plots are linear in the following concentration ranges: 2.5 to 100 ng⋅g-1 (pentachlorobenzene), 5 to 200 ng⋅g-1 (1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene), 10 to 100 ng⋅g-1 (hexachlorobenzene) and 10 to 500 ng⋅g-1 (1,2,3-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene). Other figures of merit include (a) high enrichment factors (8324 to 9920), (b) low limits of detection (0.10-1.03 ng⋅g-1), and (c) good reproducibility (relative standard deviations including intra-day and inter-day with a single fiber and fiber-to-fiber were below 6.4% at a mixed concentration level of 2.5, 5, and 10 ng⋅g-1 respectively in ultra-water). This method was successfully applied to the determination of chlorobenzenes in (spiked) lake waters where it gave recoveries between 82.3% and 104.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Effects of rotary triboelectrification technology on macerals separation for low-rank coal
- Author
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Zhang Xue-bin, Ma Fangyuan, Xian Yushuai, and Tao Youjun
- Subjects
Materials science ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Chemical Engineering ,Separation (statistics) ,Maceral ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Mineralogy ,Separation technology ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,complex mixtures ,Fuel Technology ,Rank (graph theory) ,Coal ,business ,Triboelectric effect - Abstract
In this study, the rotary triboelectrification separation technology is applied to the separation of macerals for low rank coal, which has not been studied by previous researchers. The effects of a...
- Published
- 2021
45. Current and future trends in polymer membrane-based gas separation technology: A comprehensive review
- Author
-
Nayef Ghasem, Riya Sidhikku Kandath Valappil, and Mohamed Al-Marzouqi
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Mixed matrix ,Materials science ,Fabrication ,General Chemical Engineering ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,Separation technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Membrane ,chemistry ,Ionic liquid ,Gas separation ,Current (fluid) ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Polymeric gas separation membranes have become a competent technology over the past few decades. This review focuses on the broad classifications of membrane materials and the criteria for the selection of membrane materials, describes the various synthesis routes adopted for membrane fabrication, and explains various gas transport mechanisms. A comparison of membrane-based separation technology with other conventional technologies has also been made. The review also discusses the current polymers used for gas separations, current commercially viable membrane-based gas separation processes, and various limitations associated with the development of membrane material and separation processes. Further, various new classes of membranes developed for gas separations, including thermally rearranged polymers, polymers of intrinsic microporosity, room temperature ionic liquids, perfluoro polymers, and mixed matrix membranes, that has high separation performance has also been discussed. Some of the emerging membrane-based gas separations are also reviewed.
- Published
- 2021
46. Influence of particle size range on coal fly ash triboelectrostatic separation
- Author
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Haisheng Li, Wen Xiaolong, Cheng Zheng, Li Chaoyong, and Xinxi Zhang
- Subjects
inorganic chemicals ,Range (particle radiation) ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Beneficiation ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Separation technology ,respiratory system ,musculoskeletal system ,Pulp and paper industry ,complex mixtures ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Fly ash ,Environmental science ,Particle size ,Carbon - Abstract
Triboelectrostatic beneficiation, a dry separation technology recurred to electrification properties between carbon and ash, is employed to remove unburned carbon from coal fly ash effectively. Pre...
- Published
- 2021
47. Designing Low-Viscosity Deep Eutectic Solvents with Multiple Weak-Acidic Groups for Ammonia Separation
- Author
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Ma Yongde, Lilong Jiang, Kuan Huang, Wenquan Wu, Jia-Yin Zhang, and Yanning Cao
- Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Separation technology ,Quantum chemistry ,NMR spectra database ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ammonia ,chemistry ,Environmental Chemistry ,Phenol ,Physical chemistry ,Absorption (chemistry) ,Eutectic system - Abstract
Developing NH₃ separation technology with high efficiency is very meaningful for the advancement of the NH₃ synthesis process. In this work, a new class of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were designed by pairing N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine dihydrochloride ([TMPDA]Cl₂) with phenol (PhOH) at the molar ratios of 1:3∼7. [TMPDA]Cl₂ + PhOH DESs have multiple weak-acidic groups and viscosities of as low as 48.1 cP at 298.2 K. They also exhibit excellent performance for the separation of NH₃, showing not only efficient and selective but also reversible absorption of NH₃. Especially, the solubilities of NH₃ in [TMPDA]Cl₂ + PhOH DESs at low pressures can reach 4.49 mol/kg of NH₃ at 298.2 K and 13.3 kPa, being superior to those of most of the DESs and ILs reported in the literature. The mechanism of NH₃ absorption was further elucidated by quantum chemistry calculations and ¹H NMR spectra. It is validated that the efficient absorption of NH₃ in DESs origins from the strong interaction of multiple weak-acidic groups of DESs with NH₃.
- Published
- 2021
48. The manufacturing and applications of the porous metal membranes: A critical review
- Author
-
Y. M. Puri, Himanshu Singh, and Prateek Saxena
- Subjects
Porous metal ,Organic polymer ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Materials science ,business.industry ,02 engineering and technology ,Separation technology ,Desalination ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,law.invention ,High flux ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Membrane ,0203 mechanical engineering ,law ,Process engineering ,business ,Metal membrane ,Filtration - Abstract
Metal membrane technology is an environmentally promising method for separation technology. This green filtration technology has gained much attention than other approaches for desalination and water purification because of its high flux, simplicity in operation, space and energy savings, and no use of chemicals. In many filtration processes, frequently organic polymer membranes are used, but they have several stability concerns at higher temperatures and organic solvents’ contacts. Hence, many efforts are put into the manufacturing of high-temperature stability and solvent resistant metallic membranes. New developments in metal membrane materials have presented significant improvements in separation technologies. These improvements have led to the next-generation metal membrane-based separation. This review paper covers the significant aspects of the current research progress in the metal membrane separation technology, focusing on their manufacturing techniques, materials used, industrial applications, and establishing a relative comparison between them in terms of benefits and constraints. Existing work is further proposed to be an update and value addition to the earlier literature reviews.
- Published
- 2021
49. Recovery Techniques Enabling Circular Chemistry from Wastewater
- Author
-
Elhami, Vahideh, Antunes, Evelyn C., Temmink, Hardy, Schuur, Boelo, Elhami, Vahideh, Antunes, Evelyn C., Temmink, Hardy, and Schuur, Boelo
- Abstract
In an era where it becomes less and less accepted to just send waste to landfills and release wastewater into the environment without treatment, numerous initiatives are pursued to facilitate chemical production from waste. This includes microbial conversions of waste in digesters, and with this type of approach, a variety of chemicals can be produced. Typical for digestion systems is that the products are present only in (very) dilute amounts. For such productions to be technically and economically interesting to pursue, it is of key importance that effective product recovery strategies are being developed. In this review, we focus on the recovery of biologically produced carboxylic acids, including volatile fatty acids (VFAs), medium-chain carboxylic acids (MCCAs), long-chain dicarboxylic acids (LCDAs) being directly produced by microorganisms, and indirectly produced unsaturated short-chain acids (USCA), as well as polymers. Key recovery techniques for carboxylic acids in solution include liquid-liquid extraction, adsorption, and membrane separations. The route toward USCA is discussed, including their production by thermal treatment of intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) polymers and the downstream separations. Polymers included in this review are extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Strategies for fractionation of the different fractions of EPS are discussed, aiming at the valorization of both polysaccharides and proteins. It is concluded that several separation strategies have the potential to further develop the wastewater valorization chains.
- Published
- 2022
50. Ultrafast Poly(sodium methacrylate)-Grafted UiO-66-Incorporated Nanocomposite Membranes Enable Excellent Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Concentration
- Author
-
Jun Ma, Qing Bai, Jun Hui Huang, Wang Kai, Xi Quan Cheng, Zhang Yingjie, and Lu Shao
- Subjects
Active ingredient ,Nanocomposite ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Sodium methacrylate ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Separation technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Membrane technology ,Membrane ,020401 chemical engineering ,Chemical engineering ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Membrane separation technology is an energy-efficient and green separation technology for purifying and concentrating active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from organic solvents during the synth...
- Published
- 2021
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