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In this study, soybean oil bodies were used as raw materials and emulsifiers to prepare soybean oil body complex emulsions by ultrasonication, to optimise the ultrasonication conditions and to use the oil body complex emulsions for the transport of fat-soluble bioactives. The mechanism of ultrasonic treatment to enhance the stability of oil-body complex emulsions was revealed through the study of the physicochemical properties of the emulsions. The effect of oil-body complex emulsions on the transport of β-carotene was also examined. As a result, soybean oil body complex emulsion was successfully prepared by ultrasonication, and the oxidative and storage stability of the emulsion was best at a power of 450 W (10 min). At this time, the average particle size of emulsion was 1537 nm, and the shape of droplets was round and evenly distributed. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the ultrasound-induced cavitation effect increased the physical forces, such as turbulence and shear forces. This caused partial unfolding of the protein polypeptide chains in oil bodies, leading to the rearrangement of hydrogen bond networks within the proteins. Consequently, the protein secondary structure changed: The relative content of α-helix structures decreased and the relative content of β-sheet structures increased. The electrophoresis results showed that there were no significant changes in the composition of protein subunits. But with the ultrasound intensity increased, the adsorption of extrinsic proteins at the droplet interface was enhanced. The results of storage stability showed that ultrasonic treatment (450 W) could inhibit the generation of oxidation products and improved the oxidation stability of emulsions. The soybean oil body-β-carotene emulsions could be successfully prepared by ultrasonic treatment, and the encapsulation rate of β-carotene was the highest (94.9%) at 450 W, and the retention rate was 81.8% after 11 days of room temperature storage. This study provides insights into the application of soybean oil bodies as emulsifiers for the delivery of fat-soluble bioactive substances.

A series of tribenzo[g,l,q]‐6H‐1,4‐diazepino[2,3‐b]porphyrazines has been synthesized. A temperature‐dependent steric effect was applied in the mixed Linstead macrocyclization of phthalonitrile and 5,7‐bis(2′‐arylethenyl)‐6‐propyl‐6H‐1,4‐diazepine‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile to achieve high yield of low‐symmetry A3B‐type Mg(II) tribenzo[g,l,q]‐6H‐1,4‐diazepino[2,3‐b]porphyrazinate. The analysis of photophysical and photochemical properties of the obtained complexes showed the anti‐Kasha effect: the ultrafast spin changes successfully compete with the IC. TD‐DFT calculations showed that the presence of 1,4‐diazepine heterocycle in the porphyrazine structure leads to the formation of additional charge‐transfer triplet state T2. We propose, it could participate in the pumping of T1x state alongside with T1y state (these states are degenerate in D4h symmetry) and, therefore, increase singlet oxygen (1Δg) generation. Stable micellar nanoparticles have been obtained based on the tribenzo[g,l,q]‐6H‐1,4‐diazepino[2,3‐b]porphyrazine Mg(II) and Zn(II) complexes using polyvinylpyrrolidone. The nanoparticles effectively interact with model biological structures (FBS and brain homogenate), leading to disaggregation of the macrocycles. They also exhibit pronounced phototoxic effects in MCF‐7 cells upon red light irradiation. We propose that enhancement in PDT activity could be explained by their increased resistance to aggregation due to the presence of n‐propyl substituent directly attached to the C6 position of the 1,4‐diazepine moiety. The demonstrated results show the promising potential of tribenzo‐6H‐1,4‐diazepinoporphyrazines as heavy atom‐free photosensitizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are an increasing cause of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC). Integration of the viral genome into the host genome is suggested to affect carcinogenesis, however, the correlation with OPSCC patient prognosis is still unclear. Research on HPV integration is hampered by current integration detection technologies and their unsuitability for formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues. This study aims to develop and validate a novel targeted proximity‐ligation based sequencing method (targeted locus amplification/capture [TLA/TLC]) for HPV integration detection in cell lines and FFPE OPSCCs. For the identification of HPV integrations, TLA/TLC was applied to 7 cell lines and 27 FFPE OPSCCs. Following preprocessing steps, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based HPV enrichment was performed on the cell lines and a capture‐based HPV enrichment was performed on the FFPE tissues before paired‐end sequencing. TLA was able to sequence up to hundreds of kb around the target, detecting exact HPV integration loci, structural variants, and chromosomal rearrangements. In all cell lines, one or more integration sites were identified, in accordance with detection of integrated papillomavirus sequences PCR data and the literature. TLC detected integrated HPV in 15/27 FFPE OPSCCs and identified simple and complex integration patterns. In general, TLA/TLC confirmed PCR data and detected additional integration sites. In conclusion TLA/TLC reliably and robustly detects HPV integration in cell lines and FFPE OPSCCs, enabling large, population‐based studies on the clinical relevance of HPV integration. Furthermore, this approach might be valuable for clonality assessment of HPV‐related tumors in clinical diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Longitudinal studies of human activity and metabolism revealed various anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antistress, antioxidant, and adaptogenic properties of such secondary plant metabolites as phenolic compounds and pigments. Human cells cannot synthesize these compounds. Therefore, food biotechnology requires new data on the photosynthetic potential of plants with good functional prospects. The research objective was to study the qualitative and quantitative profile of biologically active compounds of Rhodiola rosea L. harvested from various plant communities in order to define the potential of their extracts and minor compounds for food technologies. Study objects and methods. The research featured three communities of Rhodiola rosea L. originally located in ecologically and geographically different habitats. They were introduced into Kuzbass from the Kuznetsk Alatau, Gorny Altai, and the Tunka alpine tundra belt in Buryatia. The experiment began in 2018, when the rhizomes were dissected into equal shares of 40–42 g and placed in a medicinal plant nursery. The methods of high-performance liquid (HPLC) and thin-layer (TLC) chromatography were used to study the biologically active substances in the plant biomass. The photosynthetic pigments were detected using the spectrophotometric method. The obtained data underwent a statistical analysis based on Statistica 6.0 software. Results and discussion. The sample from the Gorny Altai community revealed twelve biologically active substances. Its rhizomes appeared rich in gallic acid with the maximum content (mg/g) of 10.26 ± 2.31, rosein (20.45 ± 3.46), daphneticin (13.80 ± 2.30), and salidroside (28.16 ± 2.27). The tops demonstrated the maximum content (mg/g) of astragaline (38.94 ± 2.21), tricine (13.07 ± 0.72), tricine-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (35.25 ± 1.66), tricine-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (30.23 ± 1.45), and tyrosol (21.80 ± 1.21). The Kuznetsk Alatau sample proved to possess five biologically active substances. Its rhizomes had the maximum content (mg/g) of rosavin (16.89 ± 2.11) and salidroside (14.35 ± 2.52). The sample obtained from the Tunka ridge in Buryatia had six biologically active substances with the maximum content (mg/g) of rosavin (20.72 ± 2.11), methylgalate (39.00 ± 1.05), and cinnamaldehyde (10.15 ± 1.93) in the rhizomes. The top biomass of Rhodiola rosea L. accumulated about 0.333 mg/g of chlorophylls and synthesized 0.109 mg/g of carotenoids on average. The research established the correlation coefficients between the content of photosynthetic components with morphometric characteristics, including two positive dependences between the content of carotenoids and the number of leaves (r = 0.89 ± 0.09) and the content of carotenoids and shoot length (r = 0.96 ± 0.22). Conclusion. The samples of Rhodiola rosea L. demonstrated a good biotechnological potential for medicine and food industry. The Kuznetsk Alatau plant community proved rich in rosavin, salidroside, and methyl gallate. The Gorny Altai samples revealed high content of salidroside, gallic acid, daphnetitsin, and rosein. The Tunka samples appeared to synthesize a lot of methyl gallate, rosavin, and cinnamaldehyde. In addition, the top biomass of the Altai sample proved rich in tricine and its derivatives, astragaline and tyrosol. The research also established the possibility of commercial extraction of photosynthetic pigments from the top biomass of Rhodiola rosea L. for functional food production.

The article presents a new method of developing individual tasks (IHA) for solving positional-metric problems of descriptive geometry based on 3 D models, taking into account intensive control. The technique of effective self-study of methods of changing complex drawing with the use of visual 3D models is considered.

The paper is dedicated to the problem of the subjective factors influence on the choice of supplier. To make an objective decision on choosing a product supplier, machine learning models applying is suggested. Due to the use of machine learning models, the evaluation of suppliers is formed based on the analysis of the results of their activities, which minimizes the influence of subjective factors on the choice of supplier. The paper presents the results of the research based on a set of data, including the information obtained during the analysis of the annual report of the purchasing department of a meat processing enterprise, as well as open information published on the Rosselkhoznadzor (Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance of Russian Federation) official site. A sample was formed for training the model for classifying suppliers into reliable and unreliable ones. Methods such as logistic regression and decision tree are used to solve the problem of supplier classification. Ordinal scales are proposed for evaluating suppliers, based on such criteria as the availability and correctness of the design of the product accompanying documentation, compliance with labeling, the presence of reactions to reviews, etc. This made it possible to design the structure of a database containing information about suppliers. In accordance with the specified structure, a sample was formed for training the model for classifying suppliers into reliable and unreliable ones. Methods such as logistic regression and decision tree are used to solve the problem of supplier classification. A comparative analysis of the selected methods was performed using the AUC metric. Modifications of the composition criteria will allow to use the proposed method not only for evaluating the suppliers of food products. Due to machine learning models using, the evaluation of suppliers is formed based on the analysis of their performance, which reduces the influence of subjective factors. The obtained results can simplify the process of selecting suppliers, promote competition in the commodity markets of the Russian Federation, allow enterprises to reduce management costs and save time on searching, evaluating and selecting bona fide suppliers.

Identification and implementation of the economic interests of the fuel and energy sector enterprises is an important stage in the formation of a strategy for crisis management of the region. The complexity and multidimensional nature of the concept of «Regional Crisis Management», as well as its exposure to a complex of factors and conditions, does not allow us to develop a unified approach to balance the interests of all subjects. The triad of elements «region-industry-enterprise» are not only independent representatives of interests, but also interdependent categories. The importance of improving the efficiency of interaction between all carriers of economic interests increases, since their structural expression and hierarchy will allow identifying points of intersection of interests and, consequently, increasing the efficiency of their functioning.