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Abstract Synthesis and maturation of Okazaki Fragments is an incessant and highly efficient metabolic process completing the synthesis of the lagging strands at replication forks during S phase. Accurate Okazaki fragment maturation (OFM) is crucial to maintain genome integrity and, therefore, cell survival in all living organisms. In eukaryotes, OFM involves the consecutive action of DNA polymerase Pol ∂, 5’ Flap endonuclease Fen1 and DNA ligase I, and constitutes the best example of a sequential process coordinated by the sliding clamp PCNA. For OFM to occur efficiently, cooperation of these enzymes with PCNA must be highly regulated. Here, we present evidence of a role for the K164-PCNA-deubiquitylase Ubp10 in the maturation of Okazaki fragments in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that Ubp10 associates with lagging-strand DNA synthesis machineries on replicating chromatin to ensure timely ligation of Okazaki fragments by promoting PCNA dissociation from chromatin requiring lysine 164 deubiquitylation.

Background & Aims: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) has been shown to adequately predict outcomes in patients with liver disease. However, the value of LSM as a predictor of disease progression in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remains to be determined. This study aimed to evaluate the role of LSM as a predictor of disease progression and decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with AIH. Methods: This multicentre cohort study included 439 patients with histologically confirmed AIH and at least one LSM during follow-up. The association between the first LSM performed at least 6 months after treatment initiation (baseline LSM [BLSM]) and cirrhosis development and poor outcomes (decompensation, liver transplantation, and/or liver-related death) was assessed using Cox regression and its discriminating capacity with a receiver-operating characteristic curve. Results: Most patients were female (n = 301, 70%), with a median age of 52 years. BLSM performed after a median of 2.18 (1.19-4.68) years had a median value of 6 kPa (4.5-8.5). At the time of BLSM, 332 (76%) patients had achieved a biochemical response and 57 (13%) had cirrhosis. During follow-up, eight patients (2%) presented with poor outcomes and 26 (7%) developed cirrhosis. BLSM was higher among patients with poor outcomes (13.5 kPa vs. 6 kPa; p

El presente artículo repasa la producción dramática en colaboración de Juan de Zabaleta, trazando un panorama general a la vez que ahondando en algunos mecanismos recurrentes de su dramaturgia. El autor de los Días de fiesta fue uno de los colaboradores más prolíficos de la llamada escuela calderoniana y su corpus al alimón apenas ha sido atendido por la crítica. En este primer acercamiento, se actualiza y reordena el número de piezas de consuno en que participó el que fuera cronista real de Felipe IV con ayuda de nuevas técnicas como la estilometría a través de ETSO y con el apoyo de métodos tradicionales como la búsqueda en los archivos históricos.

Background: Statistical relations between the components of agricultural yield and the yield itself after Si treatment as possible non-destructive methods are important for predicting and monitoring the harvest. Objective: To measure the relationships between the mass of the fruit, the number of fruits per plant and the agricultural yield in pepper, with increasing silicon doses. Methodology: The research was carried out at Quevedo State Technical University, Ecuador in a completely randomized design and three repetitions per treatment. The treatments used were 0, 20, 25 and 30 g potassium silicate plant-1. The variables evaluated were fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and agricultural yield at the time of harvest. Path analysis, multiple and single linear regressions, and nonlinear regressions were performed. Results: The path analysis showed a greater direct effect of the number of fruits per plant with and without the presence of silicon. Fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, and agricultural yield increased linearly with increasing silicon dose. Implications: The best adjustment of fruit weight both in the presence and absence of silicon when it is related to the yield corresponded to a non-linear model, specifically to a Hill sigmoidal function. Conclusion: Through multiple linear regression, it was shown that both yield component variables, i.e. fruit weight and number of fruits per plant, have a greater influence on agricultural yield when fertilized with silicon.

Objective To assess the predictive value of four cardiovascular (CV) risk algorithms for identifying high-risk psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients.Methods Evaluation of patients with PsA enrolled in the Spanish prospective project CARdiovascular in RheuMAtology. Baseline data of 669 PsA patients with no history of CV events at the baseline visit, who were followed in rheumatology outpatient clinics at tertiary centres for 7.5 years, were retrospectively analysed to test the performance of the Systematic Coronary Risk Assessment (SCORE), the modified version (mSCORE) European Alliance of Rheumatology Associations (EULAR) 2015/2016, the SCORE2 algorithm (the updated and improved version of SCORE) and the QRESEARCH risk estimator version 3 (QRISK3).Results Over 4790 years of follow-up, there were 34 CV events, resulting in a linearised rate of 7.10 per 1000 person-years (95% CI 4.92 to 9.92). The four CV risk scales showed strong correlations and all showed significant associations with CV events (p

En la actualidad existe una alta demanda de los mercados mundiales de pimientos (Capsicum annuum). Sin embargo, los problemas nutricionales y patogénicos reducen la producción. El uso de silicio es una alternativa para mejorar las características fitosanitarias y productivas del cultivo de pimiento. En este contexto, el objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del silicio en el crecimiento y rendimiento del cultivo en condiciones controladas. El estudio se realizó en el invernadero de la Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias y Biológicas ó Agrarias y Forestales “La María”, el diseño experimental fue un completamente al azar (DCA) donde se aplicaron diferentes concentraciones de silicio: T1: 10 g, T2: 12 g, T3: 14 g planta-1 respectivamente, T4: Control agricultor y T5: Control absoluto. Durante cuatro semanas consecutivas se evaluó la altura de la planta, finalmente a los 90 días se evaluaron número de frutos y peso del fruto productivas. La aplicación de 10 g de silicio planta-1 incrementó el crecimiento de las plantas en 12 cm respecto al control absoluto y el rendimiento agrícola con valores promedios de 24 662 kg ha-1 en comparación al resto de los tratamientos.

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are an important source of cellular damage. When ROS intracellular levels increase, oxidative stress takes place affecting DNA stability and metabolic functions. To prevent these effects, stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) delay cell cycle progression and induce a transcriptional response that activates antioxidant mechanisms ensuring cell adaptation and survival. Fission yeast Cdc14-like phosphatase Flp1 (also known as Clp1) has a well-established role in cell cycle regulation. Moreover, Flp1 contributes to checkpoint activation during replication stress. Here, we show that Flp1 has a role in fine-tuning the cellular oxidative stress response. Phosphorylation-dependent nucleolar release of Flp1 in response to oxidative stress conditions plays a role in the cellular transcriptional response. Thus, Flp1 ablation increases the transcriptional response to oxidative stress, in both intensity and duration, upregulating both Atf1/Pcr1- and Pap1-dependent stress induced genes. Remarkably, we found that Flp1 interacts with the Atf1/Pcr1 complex with Pcr1 acting as a direct substrate. Our results provide evidence that Flp1 modulates the oxidative stress response by limiting the Atf1/Pcr1-mediated transcription.

Estimating live fuel moisture content (LFMC) is critical for assessing vegetation flammability and predicting potential fire behaviour, thus providing relevant information for wildfire prevention and management. Previous research has demonstrated that empirical modelling based on spectral data derived from remote sensing is useful for retrieving LFMC. However, these types of models are often very site-specific and generally considered difficult to extrapolate. In the present study, we analysed the performance of empirical models based on Sentinel-2 spectral data for estimating LFMC in fire-prone shrubland dominated by Cistus ladanifer. We used LFMC data collected in the field between June 2021 and September 2022 in 27 plots in the region of Andalusia (southern Spain). The specific objectives of the study included (i) to test previous existing models fitted for the same shrubland species in a different study area in the region of Madrid (central Spain); (ii) to calibrate empirical models with the field data from the region of Andalusia, comparing the model performance with that of existing models; and (iii) to test the capacity of the best empirical models to predict decreases in LFMC to critical threshold values in historical wildfire events. The results showed that the empirical models derived from Sentinel-2 data provided accurate LFMC monitoring, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 15% in the estimation of LFMC variability throughout the year and with the MAE decreasing to 10% for the critical lower LFMC values (

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels are often elevated in chronic kidney disease (CKD). FGF23 and inflammation are common characteristics in CKD, and both are associated with worse disease progression and the occurrence of complications. The existence of an interaction between FGF23 and inflammation has been suggested, each of which influences the expression and activity of the other, leading to a vicious feedback loop with adverse outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and mortality. In this work, we determined circulating FGF23 levels in a group of patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 subjected to elective femoral endarterectomy due to established peripheral artery disease (PAD), a condition resulting from an athero-inflammatory process, and we studied its associations with different inflammatory markers and mediators. We evaluated its association with serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, interleukin (IL) 6, and IL10, as well as with the gene expression levels of these parameters and A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein (ADAM) 17 in femoral vascular tissue and peripheral blood circulating cells (PBCCs). We also analyzed its association with serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Finally, we determined the vascular immunoreactivity of protein TNFα in a subgroup of patients. FGF23 concentrations were independently associated with circulating and PBCC mRNA levels of TNFα. Worst kidney function and diabetes were also found to be contributing to FGF23 levels. Patients with higher levels of FGF23 also had greater vascular immunoreactivity for TNFα.

Hip range of movement (ROM) impairments could affect individuals’ quality of life. The aim of this study is to describe a new flexometric method (FM) as a means to estimate hip ROM and to determine its concurrent validity and inter-rater and intra-rater reliability. Hip ROM was measured by performing the straight leg raise test (SLR) and hip abduction test (HA). The WIMU system is the gold standard. ROM was calculated in degrees using a trigonometric function based on values derived from measurements with a flexometer. The SLR and the HA showed high concurrent validity and good inter- and intra-rater reliability with an interclass correlation coefficient value that was at all times > 0.9. The minimal detectable change at the 90% confidence level for inter- and intra-rater reliability was equal to or greater than 5.7° in SLR-Right, 5.6° in SLR-Left, 5.1° in HA, 6.3° in SLR-Right, 4.9° in SLR-Left, and 5.4° in HA, respectively. This study suggests that the FM is a valid and reliable tool for assessing hip ROM. Due to its convenience and cost-effectiveness, this method could be widely used to measure the ROM of several joints in field-based tests.

La explicación del sistema verbal del español en los materiales didácticos, entre los que se incluyen las gramáticas, sigue multitud de enfoques y de técnicas. Para hacer referencia a las formas canónicas cantaría o habría cantado, encontramos en estas gramáticas multitud de etiquetas o denominaciones (condicional simple, condicional imperfecto, potencial…; antepospretérito, condicional compuesto, condicional pasado…). Entre los usos de estas formas verbales (suposición, cortesía, etc.) también se encuentra sinonimia en la terminología empleada. Este artículo analiza empíricamente la terminología usada para hacer referencia a las formas verbales en -ría, así como a sus valores, en un corpus de 30 gramáticas de español como lengua extranjera. Para ello, se sigue un enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados sugieren multiplicidad de denominaciones y valores: es posible hallar cierta coherencia en la conceptualización de la forma verbal desde la terminología empleada y una preponderancia de los valores no prototípicos frente a los prototípicos.

The aim of this dossier is to question, revisit or problematize in Ibero-America the notion of minority, the identity approach to sexuality, of community, and that address the queer as a possible escape from narratives and identity representations of sex-gender diversities. In particular, we seek to problematize the queer/queer and the dissident body of the gender-sex norm as possible assemblages against social and cultural structures, and/or that study the sexual and the drive erotica as a space for political vindication and the politicization of the body, not only to demand the recognition of civil and human rights for people, but also to escape from the identity logic of its capture, no matter what it is (lesbian, gay, trans, queer, non-binary, bi).

The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effects of high vs low-intensity cycling efforts, combined with plyometrics, on vertical jump performance. Twenty-four physically active men (mean ±SD: 23 ± 2 years, 72.1 ± 10.1 kg, 1.73 ± 0.07 m) were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group (EXP, n = 16) and control group (CON, n = 8). EXP competed 2 experimental trials in a random order: (a) short high-intensity interval exercise (HI + Plyo) [5 × 10 s of cycling (“all-out”)/50 s active rest] or (b) low-intensity continuous exercise (LO + Plyo) [5 min of cycling at 75% of the HRmax)], along with 3 × 10 plyometric bounds (drop jumps)/1 min rest between sets. CON used a preconditioning activity of 13 min of low intensity cycling at ~60% of HRmax. Both EXP interventions significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) the countermovement jump (CMJ) height at 1 min, 3 min, 6 min and 9 min compared to baseline, while the CON remained unchanged. There were no significant differences in CMJ performance enhancement between HI + Plyo (largest 11.2% at 9 min) and LO + Plyo (largest 15.0% at 3 min) at any time-point, suggesting that the plyometric component may be most important, with HR recovery taking slightly longer following HI + Plyo. The findings suggest that CMJ performance can be enhanced following high or low-intensity cycling combined with plyometric preconditioning activities in active males, the optimum recovery period likely to be individual-specific.

Abstract The natural history of compensated cirrhosis due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been completely characterized. The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence and risk factors of acute decompensation of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic cancers. This was a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study including 449 patients with compensated cirrhosis due to NAFLD. We calculated cumulative incidences and used competitive risk analysis to determine the risk factors associated with decompensation and cancer development. Over a median of 39 months of follow‐up, 124 patients (28%) presented acute decompensation. The most frequent decompensation was ascites (21%) followed by hepatic encephalopathy (15%), variceal bleeding (9%), and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (3%). Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure was diagnosed in 6% of patients during follow‐up. Liver function parameters and specifically an albumin level below 40 g/L were independently associated with an increased risk of decompensation. The presence of ischemic heart disease was independently associated with acute decompensation. Seventy‐eight patients (18%) developed hepatocellular carcinoma or extrahepatic cancers during follow‐up (51 and 27, respectively). Conclusion: Patients with compensated cirrhosis due to NAFLD are at high risk of severe liver complications, such as the development of acute decompensation, in a relative short follow‐up time. This population is at high risk of hepatic and extrahepatic cancers.

Abstract Health professionals predict that the number of people who will suffer and die from oncological diseases will continue to increase. It is vitally important to provide comprehensive care to these patients and prescribe physical exercise programs as adjuvant therapy. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the impact of physical exercise on advanced‐stage cancer patients. A literature search was performed in eight different databases. This search focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published during the last 10 years. To assess the methodological quality of the sample of 15 RCTs finally obtained, the PEDro scale was used. Aerobic and strength training methods were used. The combination of both aerobic and strength training methods was the most frequently reported. Likewise, different physical and psychological variables were recorded, from which improvements were seen in fatigue, independence, quality of life and sleep, among others. The participation in physical exercise programs by advanced‐stage cancer patients has a positive impact on health. Providing these programs serves as adjuvant therapy, facilitating the comprehensive care of patients. Similarly, aerobic, strength or mixed training programs increase the muscle mass of patients and therefore reduce hypotonia, the main side effect during the advanced‐stages of cancer.

Abstract Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and arterial stiffness (AS) may be hypertension-mediated vascular lesions. Both are determined by an abnormal ankle-brachial index (ABI) and are predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. We assessed the relationship in urban hypertensive patients between an abnormal ABI and an ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) score, plus other healthy factors, with unfavourable outcomes. Methods We studied 243 hypertensive patients from a primary care urban population, followed for two years. Clinical data, comorbid conditions, including hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) and hypertension-related comorbidities (HRC), hospitalizations and mortality were also recorded. Results A low prevalence of ideal CVH was observed in urban hypertensive patients. The ABI ≤ 0.9 group (n = 16) showed a higher proportion of prior CVD other than PAD, mortality and hospitalizations than the ABI > 1.4 group (n = 41), and a poorer lipid, metabolic and renal profile. An inverse relationship between CVH score and ABI ≤ 0.9 and unfavourable outcomes (HMOD, HRC, death or hospitalization) was observed. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes were independently associated with an ABI ≤ 0.9. Age, sex, diabetes, CKD, ABI ≤ 0.9 and ideal cholesterol were also associated with outcomes, but not other CVH metrics. Conclusions Besides a low prevalence of ideal CVH, an inverse relationship between CVH score and ABI ≤ 0.9 and unfavourable outcomes was observed in hypertensive patients from an urban population. Stronger efforts to promote ideal CVH may improve outcomes in this particular population.

Esta lección te enseña a crear generadores de texto e imágenes usando la librería Aventura.js para el lenguaje de programación JavaScript.

Antineoplastic therapies for prostate cancer (PCa) have traditionally centered around the androgen receptor (AR) pathway, which has demonstrated a significant role in oncogenesis. Nevertheless, it is becoming progressively apparent that therapeutic strategies must diversify their focus due to the emergence of resistance mechanisms that the tumor employs when subjected to monomolecular treatments. This review illustrates how the dysregulation of the lipid metabolic pathway constitutes a survival strategy adopted by tumors to evade eradication efforts. Integrating this aspect into oncological management could prove valuable in combating PCa.

The atypical flow of Haitian migrants stranded on the northern border of Mexico trying to legally cross into the United States between 2016 and 2017 generated photographic representations where blackness and ethnicity (Hall, Fanon) reconfigured the hegemonic visual regimes of migration, until then mostly Central American. This article analyses the dispute over visibility, between victimization, agency and dissent, both in the media and in an unpublished photographic corpus where Hatians chose how to be represented.

Dentro el ámbito de la construcción en Bolivia para poder optimizar tiempos en cuanto al cálculo del presupuesto de un proyecto, se realizó un análisis considerando ítems en cuanto a cantidad y costo, utilizando precios unitarios recomendados por revistas que tienen el fin de proporcionar al profesional relacionado al rubro de la construcción una referencia, no obstante, el cálculo del rendimiento de materiales conlleva una serie de factores que pueden variar por diversas causas y decisiones técnicas. En la presente investigación se analizó el caso concreto de los materiales utilizados para columnas de hormigón armado, demostrando que existen diferencias en cuanto a las cantidades determinadas de cemento, arena, grava, agua, alambre, clavos y acero, respecto a los datos proporcionados por las revistas.

Este trabajo analiza el grado de especialización textual del discurso jurídico. Para ello, a partir de los fundamentos discursivistas de la Teoría Comunicativa de la Terminología y de la teoría sociocognitiva de la percepción, y basándonos en la lingüística de corpus, se ha analizado una base de datos que contiene información sobre seis variables, tanto lingüísticas como extralingüísticas (el tipo de texto, la variedad léxica, la reformulación, la densidad terminológica, el papel de los interlocutores y la clase de texto), empleando un método correlacional con enfoque cuantitativo-cualitativo, que ha sido complementado con aprendizaje automático. Los resultados permiten dejar constancia de la complejidad del discurso jurídico, dada la dificultad de encontrar patrones claros de comportamiento en diversas variables, especialmente si se comparan con otras disciplinas como la medicina.

Abstract Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. New therapeutic strategies are aimed to modulate the athero-inflammatory process that partially orchestrates underlying vascular damage. Peripheral blood circulating cells include different immune cells with a central role in the development of the atherogenic inflammatory response. The anti-aging protein α-Klotho has been related to protective effects against CVD. KL is expressed in monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes where it exerts anti-inflammatory effects. In this work, we analyse the relationships of the levels of inflammatory markers with the expression of the KL gene in PBCCs and with the serum levels of soluble KL in atherosclerotic vascular disease. For this, we conducted a cross-sectional single-center case–control study including a study group of 76 CVD patients and a control group of 16 cadaveric organ donors without medical antecedent or study indicating CVD. Vascular artery fragments and whole blood and serum samples were obtained during elective or organ retrieval surgery. Serum levels of sKL, TNFα and IL10, and gene expression levels of KL, TNF, IL10, NFKB1, DNMT1, and DNMT3A in PBCCs were measured. In these cells, we also determined KL promoter methylation percentage. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were employed to visualize atherosclerotic lesions and to measure IL10 and TNFα levels in vascular fragments. Patients with CVD presented higher values of proinflammatory markers both at systemic and in the vasculature and in the PBCCs, compared to the control group. In PBCCs, CVD patients also presented lower gene expression levels of KL gene (56.4% difference, P < 0.001), higher gene expression levels of DNMT1 and DNMT3A (P < 0.0001, for both) and a higher methylation status of in the promoter region of KL (34.1 ± 4.1% vs. 14.6 ± 3.4%, P < 0.01). In PBCCs and vasculature, KL gene expression correlated inversely with pro-inflammatory markers and directly with anti-inflammatory markers. sKL serum levels presented similar associations with the expression levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in PBCCs. The differences in KL expression levels in PBCCs and in serum sKL levels with respect to control group was even greater in those CVD patients with macroscopically observable atheromatous plaques. We conclude that promoter methylation-mediated downregulation of KL gene expression in PBCCs is associated with the pro-inflammatory status in atherosclerotic vascular disease.

The mineralogical composition of airborne dust particles is an important but often neglected parameter for several physiochemical processes, such as atmospheric radiative transfer and ocean biochemistry. We present the development of the METAL-WRF module for the simulation of the composition of desert dust minerals in atmospheric aerosols. The new development is based on the GOCART-AFWA dust module of WRF-Chem. A new wet deposition scheme has been implemented in the dust module alongside the existing dry deposition scheme. The new model includes separate prognostic fields for nine (9) minerals: illite, kaolinite, smectite, calcite, quartz, feldspar, hematite, gypsum, and phosphorus, derived from the GMINER30 database and also iron derived from the FERRUM30 database. Two regional model sensitivity studies are presented for dust events that occurred in August and December 2017, which include a comparison of the model versus elemental dust composition measurements performed in the North Atlantic (at Izaña Observatory, Tenerife Island) and in the eastern Mediterranean (at Agia Marina Xyliatos station, Cyprus Island). The results indicate the important role of dust minerals, as dominant aerosols, for the greater region of North Africa, South Europe, the North Atlantic, and the Middle East, including the dry and wet depositions away from desert sources. Overall, METAL-WRF was found to be capable of reproducing the relative abundances of the different dust minerals in the atmosphere. In particular, the concentration of iron (Fe), which is an important element for ocean biochemistry and solar absorption, was modeled in good agreement with the corresponding measurements at Izaña Observatory (22% overestimation) and at Agia Marina Xyliatos site (4% overestimation). Further model developments, including the implementation of newer surface mineralogical datasets, e.g., from the NASA-EMIT satellite mission, can be implemented in the model to improve its accuracy.

Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) usually arise from chronic liver disease (CLD). Precancerous cells in chronically inflamed environments may be ‘epigenetically primed’, sensitising them to oncogenic transformation. We investigated whether epigenetic priming in CLD may affect HCC outcomes by influencing the genomic and transcriptomic landscapes of HCC. Analysis of DNA methylation arrays from 10 paired CLD‐HCC identified 339 shared dysregulated CpG sites and 18 shared differentially methylated regions compared with healthy livers. These regions were associated with dysregulated expression of genes with relevance in HCC, including ubiquitin D (UBD), cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19 (CYP2C19) and O‐6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Methylation changes were recapitulated in an independent cohort of nine paired CLD‐HCC. High CLD methylation score, defined using the 124 dysregulated CpGs in CLD and HCC in both cohorts, was associated with poor survival, increased somatic genetic alterations and TP53 mutations in two independent HCC cohorts. Oncogenic transcriptional and methylation dysregulation is evident in CLD and compounded in HCC. Epigenetic priming in CLD sculpts the transcriptional landscape of HCC and creates an environment favouring the acquisition of genetic alterations, suggesting that the extent of epigenetic priming in CLD could influence disease outcome.

Background: Soil cover with crop residues is an ancient tradition that is gaining momentum in conservation agriculture´s current trends. Objective: The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of soil mulching with corn-mulberry on Spodoptera frugiperda management in corn Zea mays variety Tuson after imbibition in vinasse. Methodology: The first part of the experiment evaluates the effect on germination with seed previously soaked in vinasse in 1:15 ratio under controlled conditions for 30 min. The second part was developed in the Unidad Empresarial de Base “Antonio Maceo” Yara, Granma, Cuba under field conditions, which consisted of two treatments: (T1) corn-mulberry soil mulching 2 t ha-1 before planting and (T2) control group without cover. The percentage of maize plants were evaluated from 1 to 3 and from 4 to 5 degrees in damage at 30 days, in addition to agricultural yield at 150 days. Both experimental stages were performed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Results: The results showed that germination percentages increased by using 1:15 vinasse, whereas the corn-mulberry soil cover decreased S. frugiperda incidence at the same time and increased agricultural yields. Implications: Future studies should find an equilibrium point that guarantees the use of crop residuals as agroecological practices in soil protection and conservation, as well as in animal feed sources in places and season where natural forage is affected. Conclusion: Soil cover with corn-mulberry mulching from leaf waste before sowing decreases S. frugiperda incidence and corn yield increases.

Background. Corn cultivation – one of the main crops in the world – is important in Ecuador for human and animal nutrition, but one of the main limitations in production is the damage caused by the insect pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Objective. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness over time of three bio-insecticides on pest incidence in maize hybrid INIAP H601 in Mocache, Los Ríos, Ecuador in the dry season. Methodology. A completely randomized design was used with five treatments and four replicates: (1) Natural neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract in doses of 1.88 L; (2) Bassigeos (Beauveria bassiana) in doses of 5 L; (3) Neem + B. bassiana mix in doses of 7 L; (4) Chemical bait in doses of 80 kg.ha-1; and (5) Control group without application, processed by a linear model of repeated measures. Results. A significant variation was observed in the treatments due to the influence of time. Implications. Corn agricultural production has a long tradition and importance in Ecuador, especially in the Province of Los Ríos where productions are affected by S. frugiperda whose major control is by using polluting chemical products. Conclusions. Because the effect of the applied bio-insecticide treatments changes overtime, pest incidence is modified through a linear model of repeated measures. The lowest incidence percentages are achieved with the use of B. bassiana (Bb), A. indica (neem) and Bb + Neem mix after day 15, whereas the chemical control group achieves it throughout the evaluated time interval.

Objectives To evaluate effectiveness and safety of certolizumab pegol (CZP) in uveitis due to immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID).Methods Multicentre study of CZP-treated patients with IMID uveitis refractory to conventional immunosuppressant. Effectiveness was assessed through the following ocular parameters: best-corrected visual acuity, anterior chamber cells, vitritis, macular thickness and retinal vasculitis. These variables were compared between the baseline, and first week, first, third, sixth months, first and second year.Results We studied 80 (33 men/47 women) patients (111 affected eyes) with a mean age of 41.6±11.7 years. The IMID included were: spondyloarthritis (n=43), Behçet’s disease (n=10), psoriatic arthritis (n=8), Crohn’s disease (n=4), sarcoidosis (n=2), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (n=1), reactive arthritis (n=1), rheumatoid arthritis (n=1), relapsing polychondritis (n=1),Conclusions CZP seems to be effective and safe in uveitis related to different IMID, even in patients refractory to previous biological drugs.

Background & Aims: Significant scale-up of treatment among people who inject drugs (PWID) is crucial to achieve WHO HCV elimination targets. We explored the impact of on-site HCV diagnosis and treatment on PWID in an externalised hepatology clinic at the biggest harm reduction centre (HRC) in Barcelona attending to a marginalised PWID population with ongoing high-risk practices. Methods: On-site HCV point-of-care testing was performed for diagnosis and treatment delivery. HCV-RNA was assessed at SVR12 (sustained virologic response at 12 weeks) and every 6 months. The programme included behavioural questionnaires at baseline and after treatment. Results: Between 2018 and 2020, 919 individuals were prospectively enrolled. Of these, only 46% accepted HCV screening. HCV-RNA+ prevalence was 55.7% (n = 234). Of the 168 (72%) individuals starting treatment, 48% were foreigners, 32% homeless, 73% unemployed, and 62% had a history of incarceration. At enrolment, 70% injected drugs daily and 30% reported sharing needles or paraphernalia. Intention-to-treat SVR12 was 60%; only 4% were virological failures, the remaining were either early reinfections (20%) or losses to follow-up (16%). The overall reinfection rate during follow-up was 31/100 persons/year. HIV coinfection and daily injection were associated with a higher risk of reinfection. Nonetheless, beyond viral clearance, antiviral therapy was associated with a significant reduction in injection frequency, risk practices, and homelessness. Conclusions: HCV treatment can be successfully delivered to active PWID with high-risk practices and has a significant benefit beyond HCV elimination. However, approaching this difficult spectrum of the PWID population implies significant barriers such as low rate of screening acceptance and high dropout and reinfection rates. Lay summary: People who inject drugs attending harm reduction centres represent the most difficult population to treat for hepatitis C. We show that hepatitis C treatment has a significant benefit beyond viral cure, including improving quality of life, and decreasing injection frequency and risk practices. However, intrinsic barriers and the high reinfection rates hamper the achievement of viral microelimination in this setting.

Introduction: We performed cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses of the modified International Consortium on Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia protocol in Mexico for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Methods: We performed a three-state Markov analysis: stable disease (first line complete response [CR]), disease event (relapse, second line response and CR) and death. The modified IC-APL protocol is composed of three phases: induction, consolidation and maintenance. Cost and outcomes were used to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs); quality-adjusted life-years were used to calculate incremental cost-utility ratios (ICURs). Results: The CR was achieved in 18 patients (90%), treated with the IC-APL protocol as the first-line option; one patient (5%) died in induction, another one never achieved CR (5%); of the 18 patients that achieved CR, 1 relapsed (5.5%). The median treatment cost of the IC-APL protocol was $21,523 USD. The average life-year in our study was 7.8 years, while the average quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) was 6.1 years. When comparing the ICER between the IC-APL and the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) plus arsenic trioxide (ATO) protocols, we found the different costs of $6497, $19,133 and $17,123 USD in Italy, the USA and Canada, respectively. In relation to the ICUR, we found the different costs to be $13,955 and $11,979 USD in the USA and Canada, respectively. Conclusion: Taking into account the similar response rates, lower cost and easy access to the modified IC-APL regimen, we consider it a cost-effective and cost-utility protocol, deeming it the treatment of choice for our population.

Introducción: la técnica de imagen híbrida de SPECT-CT combina la imagen de la tomografía por emisión de fotón único (SPECT) con el estudio de tomografía computada (TC), obteniendo información funcional y anatómica en un mismo estudio. La dosis efectiva total de radiación ionizante recibida en los estudios SPECT-CT puede ser estimada a partir de la dosis efectiva atribuible a la actividad administrada del radiofármaco y la dosis efectiva del componente de tomografía computada (TC). Objetivos: estimar la dosis efectiva total en los protocolos SPECT-CT utilizados en población adulta y determinar el aporte adicional del estudio TC sobre la dosis efectiva total. Método: se evaluaron 258 estudios SPECT-CT para estimar la dosis efectiva total aportada por la administración de los radiofármacos y los estudios de TC de baja dosis. Para estimar el aporte de ambos componentes se utilizaron factores de conversión específicos de cada radiofármaco y región explorada mediante TC. Resultados: la dosis efectiva total (media ± DS) en los estudios SPECT-CT fueron: 12,4 ± 1,44 mSv en el estudio de perfusión miocárdica, 1,14 ± 0,25 mSv en ganglio centinela de mama, 8,6 ± 0,6 mSv paratiroides, 1,48 ± 1,02 mSv tiroides y los estudios óseos de las regiones de cuello 4,5 ± 0,3, tórax 6,07 ± 0,3 mSv, abdomen y pelvis 6,1 ± 0,3 mSv. La dosis de radiación aportada por el estudio TC se encuentra entre 0,46 mSv para la región del tórax en el estudio de ganglio centinela de mama y 2,3 mSv para el SPECT-CT óseo en la región de abdomen y pelvis. Conclusión: se logró estimar la dosis efectiva en los protocolos SPECT-CT de uso clínico más frecuente en población adulta y el aporte de los estudios TC a la dosis efectiva total siendo relativamente baja comparado con la dosis aportada por los radiofármacos administrados con la excepción del estudio de ganglio centinela donde la contribución del componente TC es aproximadamente la mitad de la dosis efectiva total.

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been incredibly effective for object detection tasks. YOLOv4 is a state-of-the-art object detection algorithm designed for embedded systems. It is based on YOLOv3 and has improved accuracy, speed, and robustness. However, deploying CNNs on embedded systems such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) is difficult due to their limited resources. To address this issue, FPGA-based CNN architectures have been developed to improve the resource utilization of CNNs, resulting in improved accuracy and speed. This paper examines the use of General Matrix Multiplication Operations (GEMM) to accelerate the execution of YOLOv4 on embedded systems. It reviews the most recent GEMM implementations and evaluates their accuracy and robustness. It also discusses the challenges of deploying YOLOv4 on autonomous vehicle datasets. Finally, the paper presents a case study demonstrating the successful implementation of YOLOv4 on an Intel Arria 10 embedded system using GEMM.

Abstract Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health threat for migrant populations in Spain and efforts to scale up testing are needed to reach the WHO elimination targets. The Hepatitis B Virus Community Screening and Vaccination in Africans (HBV-COMSAVA) study aims to use point-of-care testing and simplified diagnostic tools to identify, link to care, or vaccinate African migrants in Barcelona during the COVID-19 pandemic. From 21/11/20 to 03/07/2021, 314 study participants were offered HBV screening in a community clinic. Rapid tests for HBsAg screening were used and blood samples were collected with plasma separation cards. Patients received results and were offered: linkage to specialist care; post-test counselling; or HBV vaccination in situ. Sociodemographic and clinical history were collected and descriptive statistics were utilized. 274 patients were included and 210 (76.6%) returned to receive results. The HBsAg prevalence was 9.9% and 33.2% of people had evidence of past resolved infection. Overall, 133 required vaccination, followed by post-test counselling (n = 114), and linkage to a specialist (n = 27). Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, by employing a community-based model of care utilizing novel simplified diagnostic tools, HBV-COMSAVA demonstrated that it was possible to diagnose, link to care, and vaccinate African migrants in community-based settings.

Este artículo propone un modelo teórico-metodológico de análisis para estudiar las formas en que la fotografía documenta las disputas por lo visible desde las disidencias sexogenéricas y los cuerpos no hegemónicos, a partir de un cruce entre la política de la mirada de Mieke Bal (2016), los encuadres escriturarios de Alejandra Castillo (2020) y la fotografía como rito de Susan Sontag (2006). Para ello, se analiza la serie Mientras el león duerme (2017-2019) del fotógrafo mexicano Armando Belsoj (Tepic, Nayarit, 1989), que documenta performances semiclandestinas nocturnas dirigidas al colectivo LGBTIQ+ en la conservadora ciudad de León. El artículo analiza la potencia política de las imágenes para activar la memoria queer/cuir (DUNN, 2021; VILLAPLANA LUIZ et al., 2017) y generar nuevos encuadres escriturarios (CASTILLO, 2020).

Up to 30% of the engineers in Silicon Valley in the United States are of Indian origin. And India is now one of the largest producers of technology. People of gypsy culture, because of the common Indian cultural matrix, have a greater facility for visual thinking, inductive logic and categorical flexibility. These elements, together with the consideration of the basic nucleus of socialisation that specifically constitutes the Romany families, mean that any successful pedagogical strategy must take these elements into account, always in dialogue with the school institution. Hasta un 30% de los ingenieros de Silicon Valley, en Estados Unidos, son de origen indio. Y la India es hoy uno de los mayores productores de tecnologías. Las personas de cultura gitana, por la común matriz cultural india, presentan una mayor facilidad para el pensamiento visual, la lógica inductiva y la flexibilidad categorial. Tales elementos, junto con la consideración del núcleo básico de socialización que específicamente constituyen las familias gitanas, hace que cualquier estrategia pedagógica de éxito deba contemplar estos elementos, en diálogo siempre con la institución escolar.

ABSTRACT Introduction and objectives: A better positioning of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) requires assessment of its clinical benefits to reduce thromboembolic and bleeding events in a real-word population. Methods: Single-center retrospective study of our consecutive LAAC activity for 9 years. Both the device success and procedural success were registered as well as the reduction of the expected rates of thromboembolic and major bleeding events. Results: A total of 260 LAAC procedures were performed in a population with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores of 4.3 ± 1.6 and 3.7 ± 1.2, respectively. Procedural success was 98.8%, and the rate of serious adverse events within the first 7 days was 2.3%. At a median follow-up of 2.5 ± 1.9 years and an estimated population of 637.9 patients-year, the thromboembolic event rate was 1.4 per 100 patients-year (75.5% risk reduction) and the rate of major bleeding was 3.0 per 100 patients-year (58.5% risk reduction), which was significantly lower than anticipated. The thromboembolic and major bleeding events per 100 patients-year showed a lower tendency for patients with very long follow-up (over 4 years) compared to the remaining of the population (0.7 vs 2.0 with P = .17, and 1.7 vs 4.0 with P = .09, respectively). Conclusions: In our population, the LAAC showed high procedural success and a low rate of periprocedural adverse events. LAAC induced a significant reduction in the rate of predicted thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events, and this reduction was maintained even at very long follow-up.

RESUMEN Introducción y objetivos: Conocer el beneficio clínico del cierre percutáneo de la orejuela izquierda (OI) en nuestro medio; en concreto, la reducción de eventos tromboembólicos y hemorrágicos, que permitiría un mejor posicionamiento de esta intervención. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo que recoge la actividad del cierre de OI en un centro durante 9 años. Se registraron la tasa de éxito del dispositivo y del procedimiento, así como las tasas de eventos tromboembólicos y de hemorragia mayor. Resultados: Se evaluaron 260 procedimientos de cierre de OI en una población con fibrilación auricular no valvular y puntuación en las escalas CHA2DS2-VASc de 4,3 ± 1,6 y HAS-BLED de 3,7 ± 1,2. El éxito del procedimiento fue del 98,8%, y la tasa de eventos adversos graves en los primeros 7 días fue del 2,3%. Con un seguimiento medio de 2,5 ± 1,9 años y una población de 637,9 pacientes-año, la tasa de eventos tromboembólicos fue de 1,4 por 100 pacientes-año (75,5% de reducción del riesgo) y la de hemorragia mayor fue de 3,0 por 100 pacientes-año (58,5% de reducción del riesgo), ambas significativamente menores que las predichas. Las tasas de eventos por 100 pacientes-año en los pacientes con seguimiento muy largo (más de 4 años) mostraron tendencia a ser menores que en el resto de la población (0,7 frente a 2,0, con p = 0,17, para evento tromboembólico, y 1,7 frente a 4,0, con p = 0,09, para hemorragia mayor). Conclusiones: En nuestra población, el cierre de la OI mostró un elevado éxito del procedimiento y una baja tasa de eventos inmediatos. El cierre de la OI indujo una significativa reducción en la tasa prevista de eventos tromboembólicos y hemorrágicos, y dicha reducción se mantuvo a muy largo plazo.

Industrial aquaculture has grown rapidly due to the increase in world demand for fish and shellfish, which has stimulated the development of aquaculture systems for the cultivation of marine species. The need to maintain high levels of productivity makes them complex unstable systems, prone to disturbances with the potential risk of causing problems of contamination of the natural environment. In intensive aquaculture operations, it is estimated that in the transformation processes for the development and growth of biomass, approximately 75% of the feed is released in the form of nitrogen and phosphorus. During the last decades, efforts have been made to develop processes for the elimination of these nutrients-pollutants, which would otherwise be released into natural water bodies causing eutrophication. The recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) is the conventional culture system; it includes a nutrient removal stage with biofilters of aerobic bacteria that favor the nitrification process, although the biofilter technology has operational difficulties such as the decrease in oxygen concentration, accumulation of organic matter and difficulty of back-rinsing, among others. Thus, options have emerged based on the activity of photoautotrophic organisms, taking advantage of the ability of aquatic plants, macro and microalgae, to effectively eliminate nutrients-pollutants (phytodepuration), consuming in addition to carbon and nitrogen, also phosphorus, the latter without the ability to be removed with nitrifying biofilters. However, this treatment strategy has not been used in intensive aquaculture due to the high availability of the area in demand, which exceeds that required by compact equipment for nitrifying biofiltration. Mixotrophic phytodepuration, which corresponds to the integration of two tertiary wastewater treatment technologies (biofiltration-autotrophic and phytodepuration), could be an efficient response for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater, given the interaction between the organisms involved. For this reason, this review focuses on the potential use of mixotrophic cultivation for the control of nutrients-pollutants in "RAS" or aquaculture wastewater, in addition to contributing to the development of circular economy.

Achieving the highest levels of repeatability and precision, especially in robot manipulators applied in automation manufacturing, is a practical pose-recognition problem in robotics. Deviations from nominal robot geometry could produce substantial errors at the end effector, which can be more than 0.5 inches for a 6 ft robot arm. In this research, a pose-recognition system is developed for estimating the position of each robot joint and end-effector pose using image processing. To generate the joint angle, the system is developed via the modeling of a pose obtained by combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a multi-layer perceptron network (MLP). The CNN categorizes the input image generated by a remote monocular camera and generates a classification probability vector. The MLP generates a multiple linear regression model based on the probability vector generated by a CNN and describes the values of each joint angle. The proposed model is compared with the P-n-Perspective problem-solving method, which is based on marker tracking using ArUco markers and the encoder values. The system was verified using a robot manipulator with four degrees of freedom. Additionally, the proposed method exhibits superior performance in terms of joint-by-joint error, with an absolute error that is three units less than that of the computer vision method. Furthermore, when evaluating the end-effector pose, the proposed method showed a lower average standard deviation of 9mm compared with the computer vision method, which had a standard deviation of 13 mm.

Background: M2-type anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies are considered the hallmark of primary biliary cholangitis and are directed mainly against the E2 subunits of the 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex enzymes (PDC, BCOADC and OGDC). The aim of this study was to determine whether a Dot-blot that includes these E2 subunits separately could confirm the results of methods with non-separated subunits in patients with low positive or discordant results between techniques. Methods: Sera of 24 patients with low positive or discordant results and of 10 patients with clear positive results by non-separated subunits methods were analyzed by Dot-blot with separated subunits. Results: Autoantibodies against E2 subunits of PDC, BCOADC or OGDC were detected in all patients, except in one case from the low positive or discordant results group, by Dot-blot with separated subunits. Conclusions: It would be advisable to use methods that include the three E2 subunits, and a Dot-blot with separated subunits could confirm doubtful cases by non-separated assays.

Variations in the geochemical signatures of fossil brachiopod shells may be due to diagenesis and/or biological processes (i.e., ‘vital effects’). It is critical to characterise them in order to identify reliable shell areas suitable for paleoclimate studies. This investigation contributes to an in-depth understanding of geochemical variations in Gigantoproductus sp. shells (SW Spain, Serpukhovian age), throwing light onto the Late Paleozoic Ice Age interpretation. Microstructural, crystallographic, cathodoluminescence and geochemical (minor and trace elements, δ18O, δ13C, and strontium isotopes) characterisations have been performed on the tertiary layer of the ventral valve, to assess the preservation state. Poorly preserved areas exhibit microstructural and geochemical changes such as recrystallisation, fracturing and higher Mn and Fe enrichment. Moreover, these areas have a higher dispersion of ⁸⁶Sr, ⁸⁷Sr, δ18O and δ13C than well-preserved areas. Three structural regions have been identified in well-preserved areas of the ventral valve by differences in valve curvature and thickness, such as the umbonal and thick and thin regions. These regions have different proportions of Mg, S, Na, δ18O, and δ13C, which are interpreted as ‘vital effects’ and probably related to growth-rate differences during shell growth. The Gigantoproductus tertiary layer seems the most suitable for paleoclimate studies, because it retains the original microstructure and geochemical composition.

Finding strategies to use the swim bladder of farmed totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) is of the utmost need to reduce waste. Fish swim bladders are rich in collagen; hence, extracting collagen is a promising alternative with benefits for aquaculture of totoaba and the environment. The elemental biochemical composition of totoaba swim bladders, including their proximate and amino acid compositions, was determined. Pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) was used to extract collagen from swim bladders, and its characteristics were analyzed. Alcalase and papain were used for the preparation of collagen hydrolysates. Swim bladders contained 95% protein, 2.4% fat, and 0.8% ash (on a dry basis). The essential amino acid content was low, but the functional amino acid content was high. The PSC yield was high, at 68% (dry weight). The amino acid composition profile, electrophoretic pattern, and structural integrity analyses of the isolated collagen suggested it is a typical type-I collagen with high purity. The denaturalization temperature was 32.5 °C, probably attributable to the imino acid content (205 residues/1000 residues). Papain-hydrolysates (≤3 kDa) of this collagen exhibited higher radical scavenging activity than Alcalase-hydrolysates. The swim bladder from the farmed totoaba could be an ideal source to produce high-quality type I collagen and may be considered an alternative to conventional collagen sources or bioactive peptides.

The objective of this work was to establish a route for the in vitro micropropagation of Salix babylonica. In the disinfection experiment, three treatments were used with 1% sodium hypochlorite, 0.1 % mercury bichloride and the third a double disinfection. with both disinfecting agents. With this last treatment, 71 % of disinfected nodal segments were obtained. 6-BAP 2 mg L-1 alone and in combination with gibberellic acid (5 mg L-1), AIA (1 mg L-1) and ANA (1 mg L-1) were used in the in vitro establishment experiment. The best response was achieved with the use of BAP only with 31,6 % of establishment and an average length of the nodal segments of 6,47 mm. For the multiplication experiment, a comparison was made of the Palomos-Ríos, Chung and Carrasco and MMULT-1 culture media. The multiplication of the nodal segments was higher in the Palomo-Ríos culture medium with 100 % sprouting and a number of 6,42 nodal segments. In the rooting stage, different concentrations of AIB (0.05 and 0.25 mg L-1) and a treatment without growth regulator were used. The highest rooting percentage was obtained in the basal culture medium without AIB with a 91,6 % response.

La presente investigación efectúa un análisis psicoestético de la exposición individual Brújula de cuestiones (exhibida en la Galería OMR en 2007) del artista mexicano Gabriel de la Mora (Colima, 1968) en la que creó un retrato familiar de 17 miembros de su parentela, dos (2) de los cuales estaban muertos. De la Mora exhumó de sus tumbas a su padre y a su hermana, con el fin de utilizar cabello y los moldes de los cráneos de los cadáveres para poder completar las piezas de arte con una estética de contención, alejada de lo abyecto y más cercana a la idea de la muerte como discontinuidad, al luto y la melancolía. A partir de las categorías psicoanalíticas de lo siniestro, tótem y tabú, la sublimación de lo reprimido y lo real, el análisis profundiza en la obra de arte como exploración ritual secularizada de un secreto familiar que, al ser revelado, rompe y restituye a la vez el pacto de la communitas, utilizando el material del cadáver entre la perversión, la metafísica y el vacío.

Objetivo Evaluar la efectividad de tres cepas de Bradyrhizobium en el desarrollo morfoagronómico de Glicine max L, cultivar Incasoy 27, en el municipio Puerto Padre. Materiales y Métodos Se desarrolló un estudio en condiciones de campo, en un suelo Fersialítico Pardo Rojizo del municipio Puerto Padre, Las Tunas, Cuba. Se aplicó un diseño de bloques al azar con cinco tratamientos (control absoluto, fertilización con NPK y las cepas de Bradyrhizobium, ICA 8001, USDA 110 y GIE 109) y cuatro réplicas. La distancia entre réplicas fue de 1 m y la semilla tenía 98 % de germinación. Durante el ciclo del cultivo, se evaluó el número de vainas por planta, el número de granos por vaina, el peso de 100 granos, el rendimiento en t ha-1 y se realizó una valoración económica. Resultados El menor número de vainas por planta se obtuvo en el control absoluto, sin diferir del tratamiento con NPK. A su vez, ambos difirieron estadísticamente (p > 0,05) de los tratamientos con Bradyrhizobium. También el número de granos por vainas fue mayor en los tratamientos inoculados, que difirieron significativamente del control. El mayor rendimiento de granos se obtuvo en las plantas inoculadas, con valores entre 1,06 y 1,23 t ha-1. Conclusiones La aplicación de cepas de Bradyrhizobium influyó positivamente en los indicadores morfoagronómicos del cultivo, lo que permite disminuir el uso de los fertilizantes minerales.

In Colombia, during the so-called "post-conflict", and under the Law 1448, which seeks to repair the pain of the victims of the armed conflict, several non-fiction comics sponsored by the State have been published, in order to reconstruct the memory of displaced communities. From a critical perspective of the narratives and hegemonic regimes, this article analyses the fetishization of pain, the narrative of the victim, and the relationship between power and production of truth in La Palizúa and Sin mascar palabra, two of the non-fiction comics published in this context.

La fruta de Acrocomia aculeata, localmente conocida como coco o “mbokaja” en idioma guaraní es una especie nativa abundante del suelo paraguayo, cuya almendra y pulpa contienen cantidades importantes de proteínas, fibras, carbohidratos, lípidos, vitaminas y minerales, con un alto potencial para su consumo tanto en forma natural o para su utilización en la producción de alimentos. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar aspectos fisicoquímicos y compuestos nutricionales de los frutos. Se evaluaron las distintas fracciones de la fruta y se determinó la porción comestible, utilizando métodos gravimétricos. Se determinó además el contenido de lípidos totales por el método de extracción con solvente (Soxhlet), la proteína fue determinada por el método de Kjeldahl, el contenido total de carbohidratos se determinó por espectrofotometría con el método de la antrona, el residuo mineral por calcinación en mufla, el contenido de fibra se calculó por diferencia y finalmente el perfil lipídico y minerales por métodos instrumentales. La pulpa y almendra representaron el 43,9% y 10,13% del peso total de la fruta respectivamente. Los componentes principales presentes en la pulpa y la almendra respectivamente son lípidos (24,1% y 57,1%), fibra (28,2% y 19,7%) y proteínas (14,0% y 16,4%). Los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de las características físicas y químicas del coco nativo, se destacaron los contenidos de compuestos nutritivos del coco, sobre todo la proteína en la almendra y el alto contenido de ácido oleico en la pulpa, datos que resultan prometedores para su aprovechamiento en la industria alimenticia.

Abstract A new early Visean coral assemblage has been recorded from turbidite facies in the southern part of the Azrou-Khenifra Basin, northwest of Khenifra, central Morocco. The newly discovered Ba Moussa West (BMW) coral fauna includes Siphonophyllia khenifrense sp. nov., Sychnoelasma urbanowitschi, Cravenia lamellata, Cravenia tela, Cravenia rhytoides, Turnacipora megastoma and Pleurosiphonella crustosa. The early Visean age of the coral assemblage is supported by foraminiferal and conodont data, with the recognition of the basal Visean MFZ9 Zone. This confirms that the first transgression in the Azrou-Khenifra Basin was during the earliest Visean. The allochthonous coral assemblage was recovered from coarse-grained proximal limestone debris flow and turbidite beds within a fault-bounded unit, lying to the west of a thrust syncline containing upper Visean limestones. No evidence exists of the former early Visean shallow-water platform from which the corals were derived. All other in situ platform carbonate rocks around the southern margin of the Azrou-Khenifra Basin are probably of late Visean (Asbian–Brigantian) age. The early Visean Ba Moussa West coral fauna can be compared with that at Tafilalt in eastern Morocco, as well as in other Saharian basins of Algeria. Many of the genera and species in the Ba Moussa West assemblage are identical to those in NW Europe, with which it must have had marine connections. The new rugose species described, Siphonophyllia khenifrense, is probably endemic to North Africa. Its ecological niche in NW Europe was occupied by S. cylindrica or S. aff. garwoodi.

Two Vibrio strains (VPAP36 and VPAP40) were isolated from moribund-settled larvae of the Chilean scallop Argopecten purpuratus during vibriosis outbreaks that occurred in two commercial scallop larvae hatcheries located in the Inglesa and Tongoy bays in Northern Chile. The strains were identified as Vibrio chagasii using phenotypic characterization and whole genome sequence analysis. Both strains exhibited the phenotypic properties associated with virulence, gelatin hydrolysis and β-hemolysis, whereas only VPAP36 produced phospholipase and only VPAP40 produced caseinase. The whole genome analysis showed that the strains harbored genes encoding for the virulence factors, the EPS type II secretion system, and Quorum Sensing (auto-inductor 1 and auto-inductor 2), whereas genes encoding a metalloproteinase and a capsular polysaccharide were detected only in the VPAP40 genome. When challenge bioassays using healthy 11-day-old scallop larvae were performed, the V. chagasii VPAP36 and VPAP40 strains exhibited significant (p < 0.05) differences in their larval lethal activity, producing, after 48 h, larval mortalities of 65.51 ± 4.40% and 28.56 ± 5.35%, respectively. Otherwise, the cell-free extracellular products of the VPAP36 and VPAP40 strains produced larval mortalities of 20.86 ± 2.40% and 18.37 ± 2.40%, respectively, after 48 h of exposure. This study reports for the first time the isolation of V. chagasii from the massive larval mortalities of the farmed scallop (Argopecten purpuratus) in Chile, and demonstrates the pathogenic activity of V. chagasii towards the Chilean scallop, the second most important species for Chilean mariculture.

This work analyzes the dialectical relationships between image and text as well as between reality, fiction and self-fiction in the works Conjunto Vacío (2015) by Verónica Gerber Bicceci and Óptica sanguínea (2015) by Daniela Bojórquez Vértiz. In both books, published almost at the same time in Mexico as imagetexts, the ties and looseness of their own intermediality, which moves between representable and unrepresentable, and coding and registration is able to question the representation itself, and refer to a privilege of the equivocal versus the unambiguous.

Se trata de una reseña de L'Homme, Marie-Claude (2020): Lexical semantics for terminology: an introduction.