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Background. The phenomenon of accidents during the university course is a public health problem. Students spend a lot of time at university and in structure for training. This this leads them to be exposed to biological, chemical and ergonomic risk of accidents or occupational diseases. Aim. The aim of this study is to describe accidents that occurred to students of Sapienza University in Rome during the period 2010-2015. Materials and Methods. Retrospective study conducted on a cohort of students from Sapienza University in the years 2010-2015. As a source of data was used register of accidents reported by the students. Results. During the period considered, injuries were recorded in 791 students, mainly female (71.8%). Nursing students were the most affected (92.8%), followed by medical students (5.7%) and finally students of other faculties (1.5%). Point wounds were the most frequent (n=462) representing 58.4% of the total and occur mainly at the wrist and hand (n=380); the second most frequent type of injury is contact with biological liquid (n=159) followed by contusions (n=72), the most affected site in this case are the head and the face (n=81; n=23). Contusions often also involve multiple regions (n=17). In lesser numbers there are also the distortions (n=55), and fractures (n=26) the most frequent first ankle and foot (25.5%), the second most frequent wrist and hand (34.6%) The incidence of accidents ranged from 0.079% in 2011 to 0.161% in 2012. Conclusion. There is a need to design measures for more intensive specific training on biomedical students, especially nursing students, as the most exposed category, in order to reduce the accident phenomenon. Particular attention should be paid to the safe handling of sharp objects. It would be beneficial to include in the course of teaching lessons aimed at security and greater awareness of the risk.Il fenomeno degli infortuni durante il percorso universitario rappresenta un problema di salute pubblica. Gli studenti trascorrono molto tempo all’università e nelle strutture per i tirocini. Questo li porta ad essere esposti a rischi di tipo biologico, chimico, ergonomico, potenzialmente causa di infortuni, o malattie professionali. Obiettivo. L’obiettivo del presente studio è quello di descrivere gli infortuni occorsi agli studenti della Sapienza di Roma durante il periodo 2010-2015. Materiali e Metodi. Studio di natura retrospettiva, condotto su una coorte di studenti dell’Università Sapienza frequentanti negli anni dal 2010 al 2015. Come fonte di dati si è utilizzato il registro degli infortuni denunciati dagli studenti stessi, gestito ed aggiornato dalla Sede del Rettorato della Sapienza di Roma. Risultati. Nel periodo considerato sono stati registrati infortuni in 791 studenti, prevalentemente di genere femminile (71.8%). Gli studenti in scienze infermieristiche sono i più colpiti (92.8%), a seguire vi sono gli studenti di medicina (5.7%) e per finire studenti di altre facoltà (1.5%). Le ferite da punta sono le più frequenti (n=462) rappresentando il 58.4 % del totale e si verificano principalmente a livello del polso e della mano (n=380); il secondo tipo di infortunio più frequente è il contatto con liquido biologico (n=159) seguito dalle contusioni (n=72), la sede più interessata da è la testa e il volto (n=81; n=23). Le contusioni interessano spesso anche regioni multiple (n=17). In minor numero si presentano anche le distorsioni (n=55), e fratture (n=26) le prime più frequenti a caviglia e piede (25.5%), le seconde più frequenti a polso e mano (34.6%) L’incidenza di infortuni va dallo 0.079% del 2011 allo 0.161 % del 2012. Conclusioni. Emerge la necessità di progettare misure per una formazione specifica più intensa sugli studenti con particolare attenzione agli studenti in infermieristica, in quanto classe maggiormente esposta, al fine di ridurre il fenomeno infortunistico. Particolare attenzione andrebbe posta alla gestione in sicurezza di oggetti appuntiti e taglienti. Utile sarebbe l’inserimento nel percorso di studio di insegnamenti mirati alla sicurezza e ad una maggiore consapevolezza del rischio.

«Perception of alcohol problem among workers of the transportation, healthcare and building sectors in the Lazio Region». Aim: To perform an analysis of the perception of alcohol use among workers of the transportation, healthcare and building sectors. Methods: A survey was carried out on alcohol consumption and knowledge of deriving health effects. Socio-demographic characteristics of the workers were collected. Risk indexes for habitual alcohol and binge consumption were calculated. Results: The number of workers entering the survey is 3,914 (57% males; 58% married). Two-thirds of the sample reported good knowledge of alcohol-related risks that could occur at the workplace, and 55% of alcohol-related health risks. Binge drinking is inversely associated with female gender, good perceived health and good knowledge of alcohol-related risks at the workplace and of alcohol-related health risks. People who are single, young and working in the building sector show higher odds for binge drinking. The habitual use is positively associated with marital status (OR=1.51 for single) and working sector (in the building sector OR=3.28; in the healthcare OR=1.90); and inversely associated with good health (OR=0.70), good knowledge of alcohol-related risks at the workplace (OR=0.54) and of alcohol-related health risks (OR=0.41). Conclusions: Socio-demographic factors, such as age, gender and marital status are associated with different patterns of alcohol consumption, that in turn are inversely associated with good knowledge of alcohol-related risks at the workplace and of alcohol-related health risks. These results suggest the need to increase knowledge of alcohol-related issues among the workers, both at the workplace and in everyday life.

The following work is meant to represent the evaluation of risk factors for the health of exposed workers, arising from the management of carcinogenic and mutagenic substances, through the use of algorithms. In some places of work as a research laboratory, it is more suitable a theoretical and practical methodology (algorithm) which allows a "timely" exposure assessment. The methodology developed and used is able to determine the level of risk of exposure due to a single agent and / or to more agents. Results obtained by the algorithm, have shown an higher exposure to 1 for formaldehyde (Lcanc = 1.32), while for acrylamide results obtained shows a lower exposure to 1 (Lcanc = 0.528). Although the overall exposure level of studied workers higher value to 1 (Lcanc= 1.848), the Occupational Medicine Centre of "Sapienza" - University of Rome, in agreement with the position taken by the Italian Society of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene applies health surveillance even in the presence of potential health risk reducing it among the general protection measures the health and safety of workers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the current situation and the research agenda in the field of gender differences, both generically in the occupational settings and in the specific activity of risk assessment. Gender is a key determinant of health; the evaluation of documents and scientific literature shows increasing attention to a gender oriented approach, as demonstrated by the development of Gender Medicine, actually cross-oriented in all medical specialties, the publication of books dedicated to this topic and the birth of "ad hoc" new scientific societies and journals. Even today, however, the gender differences are not considered as they should in the context of health disciplines, including occupational medicine. In this respect, in fact, the critical issues to be overcome are numerous, such as the phenomena of "segregation", the exposure to risk factors and their effects, related also to non-professional, socio-cultural features that differentiate male and female workers. All these factors can lead to situations of inequality in health. In fact, the European directives on safety at work repeatedly highlight the attention to gender differences in prevention, assessment and management of risks. In this regard, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work advocates an approach "more sensitive" to gender in all the processes of assessment and risk management, from the research of all potential sources of risk to the decision-making processes, in order to address the prevention of risks in a holistic manner.

Passive exposure profiles to submicronic particles (SMPs, 5.6-560 nm) of traditional cigarettes and new electronic commercial devices (e-cig and IQOS®, a new heat-not-burn smoking device) were compared. During smoking, SMPs released by traditional cigarettes resulted four-times higher than those released by electronic and heat-not-burn devices and remained high for at least one hour, while SMPs values returned immediately similar to background for electronic and heat-not-burn devices. In all experiments, approximately half of SMPs resulted so small to reach the alveolar region.

Healthcare workers, including medical, dentistry and nursing students, have an increased risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In this study the prevalence of tuberculin skin test (TST) positivity (defined as induration ≥ 5 mm) among healthcare students enrolled at the Sapienza University of Rome (Italy) in the years 2011-2012 was evaluated. Overall, 2,519 students with a mean age of 20.6 years were tested, of whom 62.4% were female, 0.4% were vaccinated with BCG and 4.6% were foreign-born. Eighty-two students (3.3%) were found to have a positive TST. Prevalence varied by age and geographical place of birth. A baseline evaluation of medical and other healthcare students' TST status at the beginning of their training is essential to better implement infection and control measures for tuberculosis infection.

To describe the surveillance and control protocol for tuberculosis in healthcare students in use at the CMO of University "Sapienza" and founded on a dedicated database.Analysis of health certificates through a dedicated data storage software based on Microsoft Access 2007.Students resulting positive to Mantoux test who did not undergo second-level examination (chest X-ray, TB Gold, prophylaxis) are invited to refer themselves within ten days to the infectious disease specialist.the methodological analysis, refined over the years by the CMO staff of the Sapienza University of Rome, allowed to match clinical certification data, to rapidly focus upon TBC spread control among healthcare settings, to register new students time zero before their admission to courses and potential professional exposure, to perform epidemiological studies aimed to increase TBC control through healthcare system released clinical certification confirmation.