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1. Tracking data highlight the importance of human-induced mortality for large migratory birds at a flyway scale

Author

Serratosa, Juan, Oppel, Steffen, Rotics, Shay, Santangeli, Andrea, Butchart, Stuart H.M., Cano-Alonso, Luis S., Tellería, Jose Luis, Kemp, Ryno, Nicholas, Aaron, Kalvāns, Aigars, Galarza, Aitor, Franco, Aldina M.A., Andreotti, Alessandro, Kirschel, Alexander N.G., Ngari, Alex, Soutullo, Alvaro, Bermejo-Bermejo, Ana, Botha, Andre J., Ferri, Andrea, Evangelidis, Angelos, Cenerini, Anna, Stamenov, Anton, Hernández-Matías, Antonio, Aradis, Arianna, Grozdanov, Atanas P., Rodríguez, Beneharo, Şekercioğlu, Çağan H., Cerecedo-Iglesias, Catuxa, Kassara, Christina, Barboutis, Christos, Bracebridge, Claire, García-Ripollés, Clara, Kendall, Corinne J., Denac, Damijan, Schabo, Dana G., Barber, David R., Popov, Dimitar V., Dobrev, Dobromir D., Mallia, Egidio, Kmetova-Biro, Elena, Álvarez, Ernesto, Buechley, Evan R., Bragin, Evgeny A., Cordischi, Fabrizio, Zengeya, Fadzai M., Monti, Flavio, Mougeot, Francois, Tate, Gareth, Stoyanov, Georgi, Dell'Omo, Giacomo, Lucia, Giuseppe, Gradev, Gradimir, Ceccolini, Guido, Friedemann, Guilad, Bauer, Hans-Günther, Kolberg, Holger, Peshev, Hristo, Catry, Inês, Øien, Ingar J., Alanís, Isidoro Carbonell, Literák, Ivan, Pokrovsky, Ivan, Ojaste, Ivar, Østnes, Jan E., de la Puente, Javier, Real, Joan, Guilherme, João L., González, José C., Fernández-García, José M., Gil, Juan Antonio, Terraube, Julien, Poprach, Karel, Aghababyan, Karen, Klein, Katharina, Bildstein, Keith L., Wolter, Kerri, Janssens, Kjell, Kittelberger, Kyle D., Thompson, Lindy J., AlJahdhami, Mansoor H., Galán, Manuel, Tobolka, Marcin, Posillico, Mario, Cipollone, Mario, Gschweng, Marion, Strazds, Māris, Boorman, Mark, Zvidzai, Mark, Acácio, Marta, Romero, Marta, Wikelski, Martin, Schmidt, Matthias, Sarà, Maurizio, McGrady, Michael J., Dagys, Mindaugas, Mackenzie, Monique L., Al Taq, Muna, Mgumba, Msafiri P., Virani, Munir Z., Kassinis, Nicolaos I., Borgianni, Nicolò, Thie, Nikki, Tsiopelas, Nikos, Anglister, Nili, Farwig, Nina, Sapir, Nir, Kleven, Oddmund, Krone, Oliver, Duriez, Olivier, Spiegel, Orr, Al Nouri, Osama, López-López, Pascual, Byholm, Patrik, Kamath, Pauline L., Mirski, Paweł, Palatitz, Peter, Serroni, Pietro, Raab, Rainer, Buij, Ralph, Žydelis, Ramūnas, Nathan, Ran, Bowie, Rauri C.K., Tsiakiris, Rigas, Hatfield, Richard Stratton, Harel, Roi, Kroglund, Rolf T., Efrat, Ron, Limiñana, Ruben, Javed, Salim, Marinković, Saša P., Rösner, Sascha, Pekarsky, Sasha, Kapila, Shiv R., Marin, Simeon A., Krejčí, Šimon, Giokas, Sinos, Tumanyan, Siranush, Turjeman, Sondra, Krüger, Sonja C., Ewing, Steven R., Stoychev, Stoycho, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Qaneer, Tareq E., Spatz, Theresa, Hadjikyriakou, Thomas G., Mueller, Thomas, Katzner, Todd E., Aarvak, Tomas, Veselovský, Tomáš, Nygård, Torgeir, Mellone, Ugo, Väli, Ülo, Sellis, Urmas, Urios, Vicente, Nemček, Vladimír, Arkumarev, Volen, Getz, Wayne M., Fiedler, Wolfgang, Van den Bossche, Willem, Lehnardt, Yael, and Jones, Victoria R.

Published
2024
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2. Tracking data highlight the importance of human-induced mortality for large migratory birds at a flyway scale

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Didáctica General y Didácticas Específicas, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Universitario de Física Aplicada a las Ciencias y las Tecnologías, Serratosa, Juan, Oppel, Steffen, Rotics, Shay, Santangeli, Andrea, Butchart, Stuart H.M., Cano-Alonso, Luis S., Tellería Jorge, José Luis, Kemp, Ryno, Nicholas, Aaron, Kalvāns, Aigars, Galarza, Aitor, Franco, Aldina M.A., Andreotti, Alessandro, Kirschel, Alexander N.G., Ngari, Alex, Soutullo, Alvaro, Bermejo, Ana, Botha, Andre J., Ferri, Andrea, Evangelidis, Angelos, Cenerini, Anna, Stamenov, Anton, Hernández-Matías, Antonio, Aradis, Arianna, Grozdanov, Atanas P., Rodríguez, Beneharo, Sekercioğlu, Cağan H., Cerecedo-Iglesias, Catuxa, Kassara, Christina, Barboutis, Christos, Bracebridge, Claire, García Ripollés, Clara, Kendall, Corinne J., Denac, Damijan, Schabo, Dana G., Barber, David R., Popov, Dimitar V., Dobrev, Dobromir D., Mallia, Egidio, Kmetova-Biro, Elena, Álvarez, Ernesto, Buechley, Evan R., Bragin, Evgeny A., Cordischi, Fabrizio, Zengeya, Fadzai M., Monti, Flavio, Mougeot, François, Tate, Gareth, Stoyanov, Georgi, Dell’Omo, Giacomo, Lucia, Giuseppe, Gradev, Gradimir, Ceccolini, Guido, Friedemann, Guilad, Bauer, Hans-Günther, Kolberg, Holger, Peshev, Hristo, Catry, Inês, Øien, Ingar J., Carbonell Alanís, Isidoro, Literák, Ivan, Pokrovsky, Ivan, Ojaste, Ivar, Østnes, Jan E., Puente, Javier de la, Real, Joan, Guilherme, João L., González, José C., Fernández-García, José M., Gil, Juan Antonio, Terraube, Julien, Poprach, Karel, Aghababyan, Karen, Klein, Katharina, Bildstein, Keith L., Wolter, Kerri, Janssens, Kjell, Kittelberger, Kyle D., Thompson, Lindy J., AlJahdhami, Mansoor H., Galán, Manuel, Tobolka, Marcin, Posillico, Mario, Cipollone, Mario, Gschweng, Marion, Strazds, Māris, Boorman, Mark, Zvidzai, Mark, Acácio, Marta, Romero, Marta, Wikelski, Martin, Schmidt, Matthias, Sarà, Maurizio, McGrady, Michael J., Dagys, Mindaugas, Mackenzie, Monique L., Al Taq, Muna, Mgumba, Msafiri P., Virani, Munir Z., Kassinis, Nicolaos I., Borgianni, Nicolò, Thie, Nikki, Tsiopelas, Nikos, Anglister, Nili, Farwig, Nina, Sapir, Nir, Kleven, Oddmund, Krone, Oliver, Duriez, Olivier, Spiegel, Orr, Al Nouri, Osama, López-López, Pascual, Byholm, Patrik, Kamath, Pauline L., Mirski, Paweł, Palatitz, Peter, Serroni, Pietro, Raab, Rainer, Buij, Ralph, Žydelis, Ramūnas, Nathan, Ran, Bowie, Rauri C.K., Tsiakiris, Rigas, Hatfield, Richard Stratton, Harel, Roi, Kroglund, Rolf T., Efrat, Ron, Limiñana, Rubén, Javed, Salim, Marinković, Saša P., Rösner, Sascha, Pekarsky, Sasha, Kapila, Shiv R., Marin, Simeon, Krejčí, Šimon, Giokas, Sinos, Tumanyan, Siranush, Turjeman, Sondra, Krüger, Sonja C., Ewing, Steven R., Stoychev, Stoycho, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Qaneer, Tareq E., Spatz, Theresa, Hadjikyriakou, Thomas G., Mueller, Thomas, Katzner, Todd E., Aarvak, Tomas, Veselovský, Tomáš, Nygård, Torgeir, Mellone, Ugo, Väli, Ülo, Sellis, Urmas, Urios, Vicente, Nemček, Vladimír, Arkumarev, Volen, Getz, Wayne M., Fiedler, Wolfgang, Van den Bossche, Willem, Lehnardt, Yael, Jones, Victoria R., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Didáctica General y Didácticas Específicas, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Universitario de Física Aplicada a las Ciencias y las Tecnologías, Serratosa, Juan, Oppel, Steffen, Rotics, Shay, Santangeli, Andrea, Butchart, Stuart H.M., Cano-Alonso, Luis S., Tellería Jorge, José Luis, Kemp, Ryno, Nicholas, Aaron, Kalvāns, Aigars, Galarza, Aitor, Franco, Aldina M.A., Andreotti, Alessandro, Kirschel, Alexander N.G., Ngari, Alex, Soutullo, Alvaro, Bermejo, Ana, Botha, Andre J., Ferri, Andrea, Evangelidis, Angelos, Cenerini, Anna, Stamenov, Anton, Hernández-Matías, Antonio, Aradis, Arianna, Grozdanov, Atanas P., Rodríguez, Beneharo, Sekercioğlu, Cağan H., Cerecedo-Iglesias, Catuxa, Kassara, Christina, Barboutis, Christos, Bracebridge, Claire, García Ripollés, Clara, Kendall, Corinne J., Denac, Damijan, Schabo, Dana G., Barber, David R., Popov, Dimitar V., Dobrev, Dobromir D., Mallia, Egidio, Kmetova-Biro, Elena, Álvarez, Ernesto, Buechley, Evan R., Bragin, Evgeny A., Cordischi, Fabrizio, Zengeya, Fadzai M., Monti, Flavio, Mougeot, François, Tate, Gareth, Stoyanov, Georgi, Dell’Omo, Giacomo, Lucia, Giuseppe, Gradev, Gradimir, Ceccolini, Guido, Friedemann, Guilad, Bauer, Hans-Günther, Kolberg, Holger, Peshev, Hristo, Catry, Inês, Øien, Ingar J., Carbonell Alanís, Isidoro, Literák, Ivan, Pokrovsky, Ivan, Ojaste, Ivar, Østnes, Jan E., Puente, Javier de la, Real, Joan, Guilherme, João L., González, José C., Fernández-García, José M., Gil, Juan Antonio, Terraube, Julien, Poprach, Karel, Aghababyan, Karen, Klein, Katharina, Bildstein, Keith L., Wolter, Kerri, Janssens, Kjell, Kittelberger, Kyle D., Thompson, Lindy J., AlJahdhami, Mansoor H., Galán, Manuel, Tobolka, Marcin, Posillico, Mario, Cipollone, Mario, Gschweng, Marion, Strazds, Māris, Boorman, Mark, Zvidzai, Mark, Acácio, Marta, Romero, Marta, Wikelski, Martin, Schmidt, Matthias, Sarà, Maurizio, McGrady, Michael J., Dagys, Mindaugas, Mackenzie, Monique L., Al Taq, Muna, Mgumba, Msafiri P., Virani, Munir Z., Kassinis, Nicolaos I., Borgianni, Nicolò, Thie, Nikki, Tsiopelas, Nikos, Anglister, Nili, Farwig, Nina, Sapir, Nir, Kleven, Oddmund, Krone, Oliver, Duriez, Olivier, Spiegel, Orr, Al Nouri, Osama, López-López, Pascual, Byholm, Patrik, Kamath, Pauline L., Mirski, Paweł, Palatitz, Peter, Serroni, Pietro, Raab, Rainer, Buij, Ralph, Žydelis, Ramūnas, Nathan, Ran, Bowie, Rauri C.K., Tsiakiris, Rigas, Hatfield, Richard Stratton, Harel, Roi, Kroglund, Rolf T., Efrat, Ron, Limiñana, Rubén, Javed, Salim, Marinković, Saša P., Rösner, Sascha, Pekarsky, Sasha, Kapila, Shiv R., Marin, Simeon, Krejčí, Šimon, Giokas, Sinos, Tumanyan, Siranush, Turjeman, Sondra, Krüger, Sonja C., Ewing, Steven R., Stoychev, Stoycho, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Qaneer, Tareq E., Spatz, Theresa, Hadjikyriakou, Thomas G., Mueller, Thomas, Katzner, Todd E., Aarvak, Tomas, Veselovský, Tomáš, Nygård, Torgeir, Mellone, Ugo, Väli, Ülo, Sellis, Urmas, Urios, Vicente, Nemček, Vladimír, Arkumarev, Volen, Getz, Wayne M., Fiedler, Wolfgang, Van den Bossche, Willem, Lehnardt, Yael, and Jones, Victoria R.

Abstract

Human-induced direct mortality affects huge numbers of birds each year, threatening hundreds of species worldwide. Tracking technologies can be an important tool to investigate temporal and spatial patterns of bird mortality as well as their drivers. We compiled 1704 mortality records from tracking studies across the African-Eurasian flyway for 45 species, including raptors, storks, and cranes, covering the period from 2003 to 2021. Our results show a higher frequency of human-induced causes of mortality than natural causes across taxonomic groups, geographical areas, and age classes. Moreover, we found that the frequency of human-induced mortality remained stable over the study period. From the human-induced mortality events with a known cause (n = 637), three main causes were identified: electrocution (40.5 %), illegal killing (21.7 %), and poisoning (16.3 %). Additionally, combined energy infrastructure-related mortality (i.e., electrocution, power line collision, and wind-farm collision) represented 49 % of all human-induced mortality events. Using a random forest model, the main predictors of human-induced mortality were found to be taxonomic group, geographic location (latitude and longitude), and human footprint index value at the location of mortality. Despite conservation efforts, human drivers of bird mortality in the African-Eurasian flyway do not appear to have declined over the last 15 years for the studied group of species. Results suggest that stronger conservation actions to address these threats across the flyway can reduce their impacts on species. In particular, projected future development of energy infrastructure is a representative example where application of planning, operation, and mitigation measures can enhance bird conservation.

Published
2024

6. Factors (type, colour, density, and shape) determining the removal of marine plastic debris by seabirds from the South Pacific Ocean: Is there a pattern?

Author

Hidalgo-Ruz, Valeria, Luna-Jorquera, Guillermo, Eriksen, Marcus, Frick, Hanna, Miranda-Urbina, Diego, Portflitt-Toro, Matias, Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., Robertson, Christopher J.R., Scofiels, R. Paul, Serratosa, Juan, Suazo, Cristián G., Thiel, Martin, Hidalgo-Ruz, Valeria, Luna-Jorquera, Guillermo, Eriksen, Marcus, Frick, Hanna, Miranda-Urbina, Diego, Portflitt-Toro, Matias, Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., Robertson, Christopher J.R., Scofiels, R. Paul, Serratosa, Juan, Suazo, Cristián G., and Thiel, Martin

Abstract

1. While floating near the sea surface plastic debris interacts with a number of external factors, including many different organisms. Seabirds have the most extensive documented history of interactions with plastics, through ingestion, entanglement, and nest construction. 2. In the present study, eight seabird species from the South Pacific Ocean were used as a proxy to determine potential patterns of removal of marine plastic debris, and three hypotheses were tested in relation to their feeding habits and nesting areas. 3. Plastics from abiotic compartments (Chilean continental coast, South Pacific Gyre, and Rapa Nui beaches) and biotic compartments (surface‐feeding seabirds, diving seabirds, and nesting areas) were compared, according to their type, colour, shape, and density. 4. Continental beaches had a relatively wide range of colours and shapes, with many non‐buoyant plastics. Samples from the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) and Rapa Nui (Easter Island) beaches comprised mainly hard, rounded, buoyant, and white/grey plastics. 5. These results indicate that the composition of floating plastics from terrestrial sources changes during transport with oceanic currents, reducing the proportion of prey‐like plastics present in the subtropical gyres. 6. The stomach contents of surface‐feeding and diving seabirds were dominated by hard, white/grey, and round plastic items, similar to plastics from the SPG, suggesting non‐selective (accidental or secondary) ingestion. 7. Nesting areas had a more variable composition of brightly coloured plastics, suggesting a pattern of selective removal of plastics by seabirds, probably from oceanic sources. 8. The present study reveals extensive interactions of seabirds with plastics on a broader scale, which is highly relevant given that the impacts of plastics on seabirds are increasing worldwide, compromising their efficient conservation.

Published
2021

7. Factors (type, colour, density, and shape) determining the removal of marine plastic debris by seabirds from the South Pacific Ocean: Is there a pattern?

Author

Hidalgo-Ruz, Valeria, Luna-Jorquera, Guillermo, Eriksen, Marcus, Frick, Hanna, Miranda-Urbina, Diego, Portflitt-Toro, Matias, Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., Robertson, Christopher J.R., Scofiels, R. Paul, Serratosa, Juan, Suazo, Cristián G., Thiel, Martin, Hidalgo-Ruz, Valeria, Luna-Jorquera, Guillermo, Eriksen, Marcus, Frick, Hanna, Miranda-Urbina, Diego, Portflitt-Toro, Matias, Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., Robertson, Christopher J.R., Scofiels, R. Paul, Serratosa, Juan, Suazo, Cristián G., and Thiel, Martin

Abstract

1. While floating near the sea surface plastic debris interacts with a number of external factors, including many different organisms. Seabirds have the most extensive documented history of interactions with plastics, through ingestion, entanglement, and nest construction. 2. In the present study, eight seabird species from the South Pacific Ocean were used as a proxy to determine potential patterns of removal of marine plastic debris, and three hypotheses were tested in relation to their feeding habits and nesting areas. 3. Plastics from abiotic compartments (Chilean continental coast, South Pacific Gyre, and Rapa Nui beaches) and biotic compartments (surface‐feeding seabirds, diving seabirds, and nesting areas) were compared, according to their type, colour, shape, and density. 4. Continental beaches had a relatively wide range of colours and shapes, with many non‐buoyant plastics. Samples from the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) and Rapa Nui (Easter Island) beaches comprised mainly hard, rounded, buoyant, and white/grey plastics. 5. These results indicate that the composition of floating plastics from terrestrial sources changes during transport with oceanic currents, reducing the proportion of prey‐like plastics present in the subtropical gyres. 6. The stomach contents of surface‐feeding and diving seabirds were dominated by hard, white/grey, and round plastic items, similar to plastics from the SPG, suggesting non‐selective (accidental or secondary) ingestion. 7. Nesting areas had a more variable composition of brightly coloured plastics, suggesting a pattern of selective removal of plastics by seabirds, probably from oceanic sources. 8. The present study reveals extensive interactions of seabirds with plastics on a broader scale, which is highly relevant given that the impacts of plastics on seabirds are increasing worldwide, compromising their efficient conservation.

Published
2020

9. Factors (type, colour, density, and shape) determining the removal of marine plastic debris by seabirds from the South Pacific Ocean: Is there a pattern?

Author

Hidalgo‐Ruz, Valeria, primary, Luna‐Jorquera, Guillermo, additional, Eriksen, Marcus, additional, Frick, Hanna, additional, Miranda‐Urbina, Diego, additional, Portflitt‐Toro, Matias, additional, Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., additional, Robertson, Christopher J.R., additional, Scofield, R. Paul, additional, Serratosa, Juan, additional, Suazo, Cristián G., additional, and Thiel, Martin, additional

Published
2020
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10. The role of island physiography and oceanographic factors in shaping species richness and turnover of nesting seabird assemblages on islands across the south‐eastern Pacific

Author

Gusmao, Joao B., primary, Luna‐Jorquera, Guillermo, additional, Fernández, Claudia, additional, Luna, Nicolás, additional, Plaza, Paula, additional, Portflitt‐Toro, Matías, additional, Serratosa, Juan, additional, Nuñez, Pamela, additional, Varela, Andrea I., additional, and Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., additional

Published
2020
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12. Temporal changes in seabird assemblage structure and trait diversity in the Rapa Nui (Easter Island) multiple‐use marine protected area.

Author

Plaza, Paula, Serratosa, Juan, Gusmao, Joao B., Duffy, David C., Arce, Paulina, and Luna‐Jorquera, Guillermo

Subjects
MARINE parks & reserves, SEA birds, COLONIZATION (Ecology), NUMBERS of species, EASTER, ISLANDS
Abstract

For Rapa Nui (Easter Island) and its largest islet, Motu Nui, the change of the species assemblage over time was analysed, and a trait‐based approach to evaluate the potential losses in seabird function across the past centuries was applied. At a finer scale, the seasonal changes in seabird species composition in the current seabird assemblage was assessed to better understand the dynamics of the long‐term inferred patterns.For Rapa Nui, the composition of the seabird assemblage between the prehistorical, historical, and current time has changed significantly. The most critical change, probably associated with human colonization, was observed between prehistoric and current times. The current diminished number of nesting seabird species was probably the result of local extirpation without evidence of colonization by new species.For Motu Nui, changes in species composition were also followed by changes in trait structure, which were smaller than observed in Rapa Nui. This is probably due to the presence of a relatively high number of related species (i.e. Procellariids) with high similarities in their foraging behaviour.The nesting seabird assemblages in Rapa Nui and Motu Nui differ in exposure to risk; thus, conservation strategies applied to the islands should be planned on a fine spatial scale. For Rapa Nui, which is an urban wildlife area with several invasive species and a low number of remaining native seabird species, management should focus on fencing and pets control. For Motu Nui, management should instead focus on the establishment of quarantine and other biosecurity tools to avoid both the entry and proliferation of new invasive species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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13. Factors (type, colour, density, and shape) determining the removal of marine plastic debris by seabirds from the South Pacific Ocean: Is there a pattern?

Author

Hidalgo‐Ruz, Valeria, Luna‐Jorquera, Guillermo, Eriksen, Marcus, Frick, Hanna, Miranda‐Urbina, Diego, Portflitt‐Toro, Matias, Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., Robertson, Christopher J.R., Scofield, R. Paul, Serratosa, Juan, Suazo, Cristián G., and Thiel, Martin

Subjects
CLEANUP of marine debris, MARINE debris, PLASTIC marine debris, PLASTIC scrap, OCEAN currents, BEACHES
Abstract

While floating near the sea surface plastic debris interacts with a number of external factors, including many different organisms. Seabirds have the most extensive documented history of interactions with plastics, through ingestion, entanglement, and nest construction.In the present study, eight seabird species from the South Pacific Ocean were used as a proxy to determine potential patterns of removal of marine plastic debris, and three hypotheses were tested in relation to their feeding habits and nesting areas.Plastics from abiotic compartments (Chilean continental coast, South Pacific Gyre, and Rapa Nui beaches) and biotic compartments (surface‐feeding seabirds, diving seabirds, and nesting areas) were compared, according to their type, colour, shape, and density.Continental beaches had a relatively wide range of colours and shapes, with many non‐buoyant plastics. Samples from the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) and Rapa Nui (Easter Island) beaches comprised mainly hard, rounded, buoyant, and white/grey plastics.These results indicate that the composition of floating plastics from terrestrial sources changes during transport with oceanic currents, reducing the proportion of prey‐like plastics present in the subtropical gyres.The stomach contents of surface‐feeding and diving seabirds were dominated by hard, white/grey, and round plastic items, similar to plastics from the SPG, suggesting non‐selective (accidental or secondary) ingestion.Nesting areas had a more variable composition of brightly coloured plastics, suggesting a pattern of selective removal of plastics by seabirds, probably from oceanic sources.The present study reveals extensive interactions of seabirds with plastics on a broader scale, which is highly relevant given that the impacts of plastics on seabirds are increasing worldwide, compromising their efficient conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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14. FORAGING RANGES OF HUMBOLDT PENGUINS SPHENISCUS HUMBOLDTI FROM TILGO ISLAND: THE CRITICAL NEED FOR PROTECTING A UNIQUE MARINE HABITAT.

Author

QUISPE, RENÉ, LERMA, MIRIAM, LUNA, NICOLÁS, PORTFLITT-TORO, MATÍAS, SERRATOSA, JUAN, and LUNA-JORQUERA, GUILLERMO

Subjects
MARINE habitats, PERU Current, BASIC needs, PENGUINS, ECOSYSTEM health, FIRE management
Abstract

The largest population of Humboldt Penguins resides in a fertile archipelago of the north-central coast of Chile, formed by eight islands in proximity to upwelling centers of the Humboldt Current System. However, five of these islands lack legal protection. Here, we report the results of breeding Humboldt Penguins tracked while foraging from Tilgo Island. The average and maximum foraging radii around the colony were 22 km and 43 km, respectively. Our data indicate that trip ranges overlap areas proposed for industrial projects. Because Humboldt Penguins are sentinels of local ecosystem health, this underscores the value of expanding conservation zones in this unique marine location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

18. Genetic variation of loci potentially under selection confounds species-genetic diversity correlations in a fragmented habitat.

Author

Bertin, Angeline, Gouin, Nicolas, Baumel, Alex, Gianoli, Ernesto, Serratosa, Juan, Osorio, Rodomiro, and Manel, Stephanie

Subjects
PLANT species diversity, GENETIC polymorphisms in plants, HABITATS, WETLANDS, INVERTEBRATES
Abstract

Positive species-genetic diversity correlations ( SGDCs) are often thought to result from the parallel influence of neutral processes on genetic and species diversity. Yet, confounding effects of non-neutral mechanisms have not been explored. Here, we investigate the impact of non-neutral genetic diversity on SGDCs in high Andean wetlands. We compare correlations between plant species diversity and genetic diversity ( GD) calculated with and without loci potentially under selection (outlier loci). The study system includes 2188 specimens from five species (three common aquatic macroinvertebrate and two dominant plant species) that were genotyped for 396 amplified fragment length polymorphism loci. We also appraise the importance of neutral processes on SGDCs by investigating the influence of habitat fragmentation features. Significant positive SGDCs were detected for all five species (mean SGDC = 0.52 ± 0.05). While only a few outlier loci were detected in each species, they resulted in significant decreases in GD and in SGDCs. This supports the hypothesis that neutral processes drive species-genetic diversity relationships in high Andean wetlands. Unexpectedly, the effects on genetic diversity GD of the habitat fragmentation characteristics in this study increased with the presence of outlier loci in two species. Overall, our results reveal pitfalls in using habitat features to infer processes driving SGDCs and show that a few loci potentially under selection are enough to cause a significant downward bias in SGDC. Investigating confounding effects of outlier loci thus represents a useful approach to evidence the contribution of neutral processes on species-genetic diversity relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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