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Recent research has closely linked adipocytokines to liver inflammation and fibrosis progression in patients with non-alcoholic liver disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship of serum adiponectin and resistin levels with the severity of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), depending on the duration of antiviral therapy.The cross-sectional study included 75 patients with CHB divided into two groups: the T1 group (undergoing antiviral therapy for up to 2 years) and the T2 group (undergoing antiviral therapy over 2 years). The control group consisted of 40 healthy people. Serum concentrations of adiponectin and resistin were estimated with the ELISA method, while the degree of liver fibrosis was determined using FIB-4 and APRI score.There were no statistically significant differences in the mean serum adiponectin levels in relation to the duration of antiviral therapy. Higher values of serum resistin concentration were confirmed in patients of the T1 group compared to healthy controls (p=0.001) and to the T2 group (p=0.031). The mean level of serum resistin concentration was significantly higher in the group of patients with a higher FIB-4 score (9.12±3.39 vs 5.58±3.36 ng/mL, p=0.001) and higher APRI score (17.45±3.96 ng/mL vs 4.82±1.11 ng/mL, p=0.001). A positive correlation was found between serum resistin levels and the degree of liver fibrosis (p0.001). There was no significant difference between mean serum adiponectin levels according to the values of FIB-4 and APRI scores.Progression of liver fibrosis estimated by FIB4 and APRI scores as well as the length of antiviral treatment had a significant effect on serum resistin values in CHB patients on antiviral therapy.Novija istraživanja su usko povezala adipocitokine sa progresijom upale i fibroze jetre kod bolesnika koji imaju bolesti jetre koje nisu povezane sa konzumiranjem alkohola. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi odnos serumskog nivoa adiponektina i rezistina sa težinom fibroze jetre kod pacijenata sa hroničnim hepatitisom B (CHB), u zavisnosti od trajanja antivirusne terapije.Studija preseka je obuhvatila 75 pacijenata sa HHB koji su bili podeljeni u dve grupe: T1 grupa (na antivirusnoj terapiji do 2 godine) i T2 grupa (na antivirusnoj terapiji preko 2 godine). Kontrolnu grupu je činilo 40 zdravih osoba. Serumske koncentracije adiponektina i rezistina su procenjene uz pomoć ELISA metode, dok je stepen fibroze jetre određen pomoću FIB-4 i APRI skora.Nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika u srednjim nivoima adiponektina u serumu u odnosu na trajanje antivirusne terapije. Veće vrednosti koncentracije rezistina u serumu su potvrđene kod pacijenata iz T1 grupe u poređenju sa zdravim pacijentima iz kontrolne grupe (p = 0,001) i pacijentima iz grupe T2 (p=0,031). Prosečan nivo koncentracije rezistina u serumu bio je značajno veći u grupi pacijenata sa većim skorom FIB-4 (9,12 ± 3,39 naspram 5,58 ± 3,36 ng/mL, p = 0,001) i većim skorom APRI (17,45 ± 3,96 ng/mL naspram 4,82 ± 1,11 ng/mL, p=0,001). Utvrđena je pozitivna korelacija između serumskog nivoa rezistina i stepena fibroze jetre (p0,001). Nije bilo značajne razlike između srednjih nivoa adiponektina u serumu prema vrednostima FIB-4 i APRI skoru.Napredovanje fibroze jetre procenjeno rezultatima FIB-4 i APRI, kao i du'ina antivirusnog lečenja su imali značajan uticaj na vrednosti rezistina u serumu kod pacijenata sa hroničnim hepatitisom B na antivirusnoj terapiji. more...

Objectives Noncommunicable disease (NCD) including obesity, cancer, and diabetes has become particular concern worldwide due to its morbidity and mortality which keep increasing annually. Adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are known to be substances that are involved in the development of NCD. Several diet regimens have been developed to treat NCD, one of which is the ketogenic diet (KD). This study aimed to analyze the long-term KD effect on serum adiponectin and IGF-1 levels in mice. Methods This study was a real experimental with post-test only controls group design. The subjects were 14 male mice (2–3 months, 20–30 g) were randomly divided into two groups, K1 (n=7, standard diet) and K2 (n=7, KD with a composition of 60% fat, 30% protein, and 10% fiber). All subjects were given diet intervention for 8 weeks ad libitum. Serum adiponectin and IGF levels were measured in post-intervention using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Distribution of normality was analyzed by the Shapiro–Wilk Test, mean difference using Independent T-Test, and linear correlation using Pearson’s Correlation Test. Data analysis was performed using Statistic Package for Social Science Version 16. Results Serum adiponectin levels in K1 (0.080 ± 0.012) pg/mL and K2 (0.099 ± 0.005) pg/mL, with p=0.003. Serum IGF-1 levels in K1 (133.535 ± 25.702) ng/mL and K2 (109.987 ± 27.118) ng/mL, with p=0.121. Coefficient correlation between serum adiponectin and serum IGF-1 levels [r]=−0.401, with p=0.155. Conclusions Long-term KD increases serum adiponectin levels and has no effect on serum IGF-1 levels. There was no significant correlation between serum adiponectin and serum IGF-1 levels. more...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women at reproductive age associated with reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. It may be the most common cause of anovulation, early pregnancy loss, and later pregnancy complications. Adiponectin is the most abundant adipokine and is mainly secreted from visceral fat cells. It might be responsible for the metabolic and neuroendocrine derangements characteristic of obesity and obesity-related disease, such as PCOS. We aimed to evaluate the level of serum adiponectin in PCOS and the potential use of adiponectin as a biomarker for PCOS. Methods: This case control study was carried on 100 patients, aged between 20–35 years, who were equally divided into four groups based on the diagnosis of PCOS; 2 case groups and 2 control groups. Group 1 were non-obese PCOS subjects with body mass index (BMI) 25 kg/m2. Control groups were selected as; group 3 were non-obese control group with BMI 25 kg/m2. Results: Adiponectin was significantly lower in group 1 than group 3 and 4 (P2 and P3 more...

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that leads to micro andmacrovascular complications. Nephropathy is the most common microvascular complication. Fordiagnosis of nephropathy in T2DM patients by using urinary albumin, this is not a sensitive andspecific biomarker because it is elevated in other conditions. we aimed to evaluate the serumadiponectin for early detection of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Atotal of 60 subjects were included in the present study and further subdivided into 30 patients T2DMwith normoalbuminuria, 30 patients with microalbuminuria. All the patients were included afterobtaining institutional ethical permission and consent forms. Blood and urine samples were collectedfrom all the subjects and proceed with further analysis. Appropriate statistical analyses were usedfor different types of data analysis. Results: Increased levels of FBS, PPBS, HbA1C and serumadiponectin were observed in two groups of T2DM patients. Statistically elevated levels of serumUrea, Creatinine and Uric acid levels were observed in patients T2DM with microalbuminuria whencompared to T2DM with normoalbuminuria. The serum adiponectin was positively correlated withFBS, PPBS, HbA1C, Urea, Creatinine, Uric Acid and Urinary Albumin in patients with two groups ofT2DM. Conclusion: This study concluded that measuring the serum adiponectin levels may beuseful for the early detection of nephropathy in patients with T2DM. more...

Objective To evaluate serum levels of adiponectin in pregnant adolescents between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation. Method: A prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 67 normal pregnant women between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation and eutrophic (body mass index [BMI]: 18.5-25 kg/m2), of which 36 were adolescents (< 20 years old) and 31 adults (≥ 20 years old). Serum adiponectin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The t-student or Mann-Whitney tests were used for intergroup comparison. Results Pregnant adolescents showed significantly higher serum adiponectin concentrations comparedwith pregnant adults (p=0.04). No differences were observed in adiponectin levels in younger pregnant adolescents (< 16 years old) compared with older pregnant adolescents (≥ 16 years old). Adiponectin values were divided into 3 subgroups:5,000 ng/mL. Birthweight was significantly higher in women>5,000 ng/mL when compared with5.000 ng/mL. O peso do recém-nascido foi significantemente maior nas mulheres com>5.000 ng/mL, quando comparadas as com more...

Background and Aim: Serum adiponectin levels were found to be altered in women with polycysticovary syndrome (PCOS) due to the increased adiposity commonly observed in them. Accordingly,earlier studies have reported decreased adiponectin levels in PCOS women. the present study wasconducted to measure serum adiponectin levels in women with PCOS and to evaluate its associationwith the biochemical parameters studied.Material and Methods: The present study included 50women of reproductive age attending the department of Gynecology, tertiary care institute of Indiaand diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome based on Rotterdam criteria. Fifty age-matchedhealthy women were recruited as controls. t. Adiponectin levels were measured along withmeasurement of fasting blood glucose, lipid profile using commercial kits and insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) was calculated. Results: Both the study groups were matched concerning age, however,PCOS women were obese when compared to healthy women (p more...

Background: Loss or reduced of kidney function leads to acute and chronic kidney diseases. Since past decades onwards kidney diseases showed negative impact on kidney patients in short and long time. For estimating serum adiponectin, Hemoglobin and RBCs levels are useful for early diagnosis and progression of AKI and CKD. Materials and Methods: This is the case control study was carried out the association of serum Adiponectin levels with blood count in patients with Kidney diseases and healthy controls. A total 150 subjects included in this study in that 50 Acute Kidney Injury patients, 50 Chronic Kidney Injury Patients and 50 healthy controls was included, blood and urine samples was collected from all the included subjects. The serum Adiponectin levels are estimated by ELISA, and HB, RBCs was analysed by CBC Analyser. Results: The present study evaluates the serum levels of Adiponectin in patients with acute, chronic kidney diseases and compared with the healthy controls. Serum Adiponectin (11.89 4.95, P - 0.0001**) levels more significant elevated in two groups of acute, chronic kidney diseases and compared with the healthy controls. This study also evaluates the hemoglobin and RBCs levels in patients with acute, chronic kidney diseases and compared with the healthy controls. The statistically significant difference between the serum Adiponectin and hemoglobin and RBCs levels in patients with acute, chronic kidney diseases and compared with the healthy controls. Conclusions: This study suggesting that the serum Adiponectin and hemoglobin and RBCs levels useful for early detection of acute, chronic kidney diseases. To frequent monitoring serum Adiponectin and hemoglobin and RBCs levels may be useful for further complications. Keywords: AKI, CKD, Serum Adiponectin, Hemoglobin, RBCs. more...

Recent evidence highlights the role of adiponectin in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yielding conflicting results. The aims of this study were (1) To assess the adiponectin levels of children with ASD and typical developing (TP); (2) To investigate the relationship between adiponectin levels and symptom severity of children with ASD. This is a single-center cross-sectional study from China. From December 2017 to November 2019, first-diagnosis and drug-naive children with ASD were included. Same TP children who were matched with clinical groups by gender and age were included as the control group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to determine serum concentrations of adiponectin. We recorded 176 children (88 were ASD and 88 were TP children) and 77.3% (n = 136) were boys and the mean age was 4.3 years (standard deviations [S.D.]: 1.2). The mean (S.D.) levels of adiponectin were 9.01(2.19) and 11.55(2.32) μg/ml for those with ASD and TP subjects. The difference between those two groups was significant (t = 7.169, p more...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study to determine maternal adiponectin and leptin levels as biomarkers of pre-eclampsia and compare adiponectin and leptin ratio. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective study. The enrolled women were divided into two groups: first, study group (n = 60) comprised of women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia and second, control group (n = 60) comprised of age- and gestation-matched normotensive and nonproteinuric women. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal serum adiponectin and leptin levels and their ratio were compared in pre-eclamptic (study group) and normotensive (control group) women. RESULTS: Adiponectin levels were insignificantly higher in study group than control group. Leptin levels in study group were significantly higher than control group (p 23.3 ng/ml should be used as a biomarker for diagnosis. Adiponectin–leptin ratio should be considered as a biomarker for PE and should be determined in all cases of pre-eclampsia, and a cut-off of more...

Diabetes is a chronic disease and a public health problem globally. L-Carnitine is synthesized in the liver, promotes fatty acids oxidation and currently is used as a supplement against weight gain. Carnitine level is found to be reduced in diabetic patients and to be beneficial as a supplement at diabetes, but the mechanisms­ of this effect is not fully understood. Therefore, we evaluated the oral L-carnitine supplementation on expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), adaptor protein APPL1 genes in the liver and insulin and adiponectin levels in the serum of diabetic rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8) as follow: group 1 – control without any treatment, group 2 – diabetic control rats which received STZ (45 mg/kg) and nicotinamide (200 mg/kg) by i.p. injection, group 3 – diabetic rats which received 600 mg/kg/day carnitine orally for 35 days. It was found that L-carnitine supplementation reduced the level of fasting glucose compared to that in control and diabetic groups (P = 0.001, P = 0.0001 respectively) and increased adiponectin level compared to diabetic nontreated rats (P = 0.0001). Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was significantly increased in the diabetic group and reduced in the group that received L-carnitine. These promising beneficial effect of L-carnitine on the type 2 diabetes in rats’ model was shown to be conducted through the up-regulation of AMPK, PPARγ and APPL1 genes expression in the liver and elevation of serum adiponectin level. more...

Introduction:To date, biomarkers have played a minimal role in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Although its effects on metabolism are not well known, studies have shown that hypoadiponectinaemia is associated with increased insulin resistance and risk for type-2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the value of adiponectin together with laboratory results, anthropometric measurements and histopathological findings in assessing the risk of breast cancer and for use in early diagnosis.Methods:In this study, serum samples were obtained from 59 recently diagnosed breast cancer patients and 47 cancerfree controls aged between 22 and 82 years to assay serum adiponectin, lipids, fasting blood glucose and insulin; homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body mass index were calculated using the anthropometric measurements. Histopathologic findings were extracted from the patients’ files.Results:Our results revealed that adiponectin serum levels and HOMA-IR values were significantly different between patients and controls. In addition, serum adiponectin levels were lower in postmenopausal breast cancer patients compared to the controls (p=0.03).Conclusion:In fact, a serum adiponectin level below 4.46 mg/L may be in favour of postmenopausal breast cancer (area under the curve =70%). However, Cerb-B2 expression in patients did not correlate with serum adiponectin levels. These findings have implications for further research on adiponectin as well as the in early diagnosis of postmenopausal breast cancer with possibly higher test sensitivity. more...

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition on 4-8-2020, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/09637486.2020.1802580 more...

Aim of the work: Early cardiovascular disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The study was designed to assess the relationship between the serum levels of adipokines and atherosclerotic risk factors in SLE patients. Patients and methods: 56 patients and 31 control were included. Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, traditional and new risk factors for atherosclerosis including plasma glucose levels, lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and homocysteine were measured. The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid was measured by ultrasonography. The SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI-2k) was assessed. Results: The patients mean age was 30.8 ± 9.9 years, disease duration was 55.7 ± 59.3 months and were 54 (91.5%) females and 5 (8.5%) males. Serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower in patients (3.58 ± 0.4 ng/ml) compared to control (3.9 ± 0.26 ng/ml) (p more...

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multisystem, autoimmune disorder characterised by widespread inflammation of connective tissues affecting the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, and nervous system. SLE is associated with significant morbidity, thus requiring prompt evaluation, appropriate therapy and long-term follow-up. Objective: This study was performed to measure serum adiponectin in SLE patients and to correlate it with SLEDAI and to evaluate its role as a biomarker of activity in SLE patients specially renal in the hope of preventing or at least postponing renal damage. Patients and methods: This study included 72 subjects, 36 patients and 36 volunteers. The patients were divided into three groups. Group I (active renal) 12 patients having renal disease activity, group II (active non-renal) 12 patients having non-renal disease activity and group III (inactive SLE). 36 apparently healthy volunteers were included (group IV) as a control group. Results: A highly significant difference in serum adiponectin between SLE groups and control group. A highly significant positive correlation between serum adiponectin and 24 h protein in urine. Negative correlation between serum adiponectin and C3 & C4. A significant difference between SLE groups as regards serum anti-double stranded DNA titres, which were higher in renal group patients, also C3 & C4 levels which were lower in the renal group. Serum adiponectin level was not correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index (DAI). Conclusion: Adiponectin level was strongly associated with active SLE with renal disease. Adiponectin level in SLE patients was not correlated with SLEDAI. It may be a promising biomarker for prediction of renal activity of SLE. more...

Background and aim Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with accelerated atherogenesis. Traditional risk factors do not seem to fully explain this process in patients with SLE and no other imaging/serum biomarkers have so far improved risk stratification. Here, we focused on the role of adiponectin in women with SLE. Methods and results This is a sub-analysis of a validated cohort enrolling eighty females (age 18–65 years) affected by SLE. Patient underwent a single blood sampling and carotid echography. Serum adipocytokines (i.e. leptin, resistin and adiponectin) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients with a carotid plaque (n = 23) were older, with longer duration of the disease, chronic use of corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive therapies. As expected, patients with a carotid plaque had increased vascular risk and high serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers, total and LDL cholesterol and adiponectin. Significant positive correlation between serum adiponectin and presence of a carotid plaque was found independently of patient age, SCORE Risk Charts, duration of disease, and SLE treatments. Conclusions These results indicate that high serum adiponectin is associated with accelerated carotid atherosclerosis in SLE young women and it might be useful to improve vascular risk stratification in this patient setting. more...

Background Obesity is associated with thyroid cancer risk. Adiponectin has insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory effects, while progranulin is associated with inflammation and tumorigenesis. We investigated serum adiponectin and progranulin levels in patients with benign thyroid nodule (benign group) and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC; PTC group). The associations between these levels and the clinicopathological features of PTC were evaluated. Methods We included 157 patients who underwent thyroid surgery (17% of benign and 83% of PTC group). Clinicopathological features including size, lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), multifocality, American Thyroid Association risk stratification were evaluated. Results The age was 42.0 years, and 69% were female. Serum adiponectin and progranulin levels were 6.3 μg/mL and 101.5 ng/mL in the benign group and 5.4 μg/mL and 106.1 ng/mL in the PTC group, respectively (P=0.6 and P=0.4, respectively). Serum adiponectin levels showed no significant differences according to clinicopathological features of PTC. The proportions of patients with primary tumor size g1 cm were 3%, 5%, 8%, and 8% according to serum progranulin level quartiles, respectively (P=0.03). The proportions of patients with microscopic/gross ETE were 8%/0%, 9%/1%, 11%/1%, and 11%/2% according to serum progranulin level quartiles, respectively. Median serum progranulin level was significantly higher in patients with PTC g1 cm than in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (P=0.04, 115.3 ng/mL and 104.7 ng/mL, respectively). Conclusion Serum adiponectin and progranulin levels showed no significant difference between benign and PTC groups. Increased serum progranulin levels were significantly associated with PTC g1 cm and microscopic and gross ETE. more...

BackgroundThe variation and correlation among adiponectin, nesfatin-1, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), which may be involved in the development of the decline of health into prediabetes and diabetes, have not been elucidated. This study aims to investigate the roles of these cytokines in this process.MethodsSeventy-two type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, 75 prediabetics, and 72 healthy individuals were enrolled in our case control study. Serum adiponectin, nesfatin-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 were tested with appropriate kits, and primary data were analyzed with correct methods.ResultsSerum levels of each cytokine in patients with prediabetes were between T2DM and the healthy, and significant differences were found among them. TNF-α and nesfatin-1 levels in T2DM were obviously different compared to prediabetes or the healthy; IL-6 and adiponectin levels in the healthy group were significantly changed in contrast to prediabetes or T2DM. Correlation analysis found that in prediabetics, adiponectin was positively correlated with TNF-α (R = 0.2939, P = 0.0105) and IL-6 (R = 0.3918, P = 0.0005), and their relationship was greatly strengthened in prediabetes accompanied by insulin resistance (TNF-α: R = 0.7732, P < 0.0001, IL-6: R = 0.6663, P = 0.0005). We also demonstrated that declined adiponectin (OR = 6.238, P = 0.019) and nesfatin-1 (OR = 2.812, P = 0.01) and elevated TNF-α (OR = 5.541, P = 0.001) were risk factors for prediabetes toward diabetes.ConclusionsThis research proved significant variations of adiponectin, nesfatin-1, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in the healthy, prediabetics, and T2DM, suggesting a slow and gradual change during the progression from a healthy condition toward diabetes via prediabetes. more...

Adiponectin has an important role in obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. We investigated the association between serum adiponectin levels and endothelial function in kidney transplant patients.Fasting blood samples were obtained from 70 kidney transplant patients. The vascular reactivity index was measured with a digital thermal monitoring test. Serum adiponectin levels were measured with a commercially available enzyme immunoassay kit. A vascular reactivity index1.0 was defined as poor, 1.0 or greater but less than 2.0 was intermediate, and 2.0 or greater was good.The results showed that 10 kidney transplant patients (13.3%) were categorized with a vascular reactivity index of poor, 25 (35.7%) were intermediate, and 35 (50%) were good. Increased waist circumference (P = .037), increased serum alkaline phosphatase (P = .026), and lower serum adiponectin (P = .001) were associated with poor vascular reactivity index. Advanced age (r = -0.300; P = .012), waist circumference (r = -0.372; P = .002), serum alkaline phosphatase (r = -0.323; P = .006), and logarithmically transformed serum triglycerides (r = -0.317; P = .007) were negatively correlated with the vascular reactivity index, whereas serum adiponectin (r = 0.332; P = .005) was positively correlated with the vascular reactivity index. Multi variable forward stepwise linear regression analysis showed that waist circumference, serum alkaline phosphatase, and serum adiponectin were significantly and independently associated with the vascular reactivity index.Fasting serum adiponectin levels were positively associated with the vascular reactivity index and negatively associated with endothelial function in kidney transplant patients. more...

Background: The association between dementia and serum adiponectin has been evaluated in many studies; however, conclusions remain mixed. Objective: We investigated the cross-sectional associations of adiponectin with cognitive function and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers and whether serum adiponectin levels can predict cognitive outcomes. Methods: This study included 496 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 1 (ADNI1) with available serum adiponectin levels at baseline and ≥65 years of age. Subjects were stratified based on sex and apolipoprotein ɛ4 (APOE4) carrier status to determine associations between adiponectin and cognitive function. The linear mixed model was used to analyze associations between adiponectin level and cognitive outcome in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. Results: Serum adiponectin levels were higher in aMCI and AD than in CN subjects among APOE4 non-carrier males (adiponectin in CN, aMCI, and AD: 0.54±0.24, 0.74±0.25, and 0.85±0.25, respectively, p more...

Background The association between obesity and bronchial asthma has been demonstrated by many studies, either observational or interventional studies in both children and adults. However, the mechanism behind this association is still unknown. Many studies proposed that adipokines provide a mechanistic link between asthma and obesity. Adipokines may be proinflammatory (e.g. resistin) or anti-inflammatory (e.g. adiponectin). The Effects of these adipokines on the lungs have been proposed to have the potential to cause or exacerbate existing asthma. Objective To determine serum levels of adiponectin and resistin in adult asthmatics in comparison to non-asthmatics. Methods 96 subjects were included in this study; 64 with bronchial asthma and 32 healthy individuals as control group. All the patients were subjected to the following: Full history, clinical examination, calculation of body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio, body fat percentage, asthma control test (ACT), Skin prick test (SPT) for common allergens, CBC, Total IgE, Pulmonary functions and measurement of serum adiponectin and resistin after overnight fasting by ELISA. Results The present study proved that patients with bronchial asthma had higher levels of serum Adiponectin and serum Resistin in comparison to control subjects. Conclusion Serum Resistin is increased in bronchial asthma and act as proinflammatory marker while serum Adiponectin might not act as anti-inflammatory in asthma in fact, it may exacerbate inflammation. Interaction between different adipokines need to be further studied. more...

Background: Adiponectin, a well-known adipokine plays a number of regulatory actions in human body metabolism. Decreased levels of adiponectin have been reported in type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and hypertension. Coenzyme Q10 (Co Q10) is a fat-soluble antioxidant substance which has been reported to be effective in several metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance and inflammation. Objective: Present systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on adiponectin serum level. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in electronic databases including EMBASE, Google scholar, and PubMed up to January 2018. A meta-analysis of eligible studies was performed using random effects model to estimate pooled effect size of CoQ10 supplementation on adiponectin. Results: A total of 209 subjects were recruited from 5 eligible studies. Meta-analysis did not suggest any significant effect of CoQ10 supplementation on adiponectin serum level (0.240 mg/dl, 95%CI: -0.216, 0.696, P= 0.303), without significant heterogeneity between included studies (I2= 40.9%, p= 0.149). Conclusion: Although present meta-analysis did not indicate any significant effects of CoQ10 supplementation on serum adiponectin levels but future long-term dose-response trials are needed before any firm conclusion. more...

Objective: Adiponectin is a fat-derived hormone that secretes exclusively by adipocytes and has antiatherosclerotic effects. Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) is associated with an increased risk of death in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and PAOD by ankle–brachial index (ABI) in HD patients. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 100 HD patients. Serum adiponectin levels were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. ABI values were measured using the automated oscillometric method (VaSera VS-1000). ABI values that more...

Background: From the conception onward, certain parameters associated with maternal health may affect foetal body composition, growth and bone mineral content. The objective of the study was to determine the association between maternal vitamin D and adiponectin status with the anthropometrical measures of newborns, and bone health status measured by Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) at birth. Methods: Circulating 25OHD and adiponectin concentration were measured in 73 pregnant women. Correlations with the anthropometrical measures and bone health status in their infants were studied. Bone health was evaluated using QUS with the measurements of speed of sound (SOS, in m/s) and Z score on the right tibia. Results: There was no significant association between maternal 25OHD and newborn’s anthropometrical measures at birth (weight p=0.35, length p=0.59 and head circumference p=0.47). There was a significant negative correlation between a maternal serum adiponectin and a) weight of infants at birth (R= -0.37, p=0.002); b) birth length (R= -0.31, p=0.008) and c) head circumference (R= -0.29, p=0.014). There was no significant correlation between maternal 25OHD blood levels during pregnancy and SOS in newborns (p=0.48). Additionally, a correlation between maternal adiponectin concentration during pregnancy and SOS in newborns was not significant (p=0.82). Conclusion: Although a high prevalence of low 25OHD level among pregnant women was found, maternal vitamin D status did not influence growth and bone health of their offspring at birth. Maternal adiponectin levels in plasma showed an inverse relationship with anthropometrical measures of infants at birth, while no correlation with the newborn’s bone health was found. more...

Introduction Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) can improve postoperative analgesia, inhibiting perioperative stress and the inflammatory response. However, whether it can improve early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) by altering the secretion and expression of serum ADP remains unclear. Aim To investigate the impact of thoracic paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia (TPVB-GA) on postoperative cognitive function and serum adiponectin (ADP) levels in elderly patients undergoing lobectomy. Material and methods A total of 120 elderly patients undergoing elective lobectomy were randomly divided into three groups: general anesthesia (GA); TPVB-GA (PG); epidural block combined with general anesthesia (EG). Cognitive function in the three groups was evaluated 1 day before and 7 days after surgery. The serum levels of ADP and S-100β protein were evaluated before anesthesia (T0), 15 min after skin incision (T3), and 7 days after surgery (T5). Results Cognitive function scores in the three groups decreased by different extents at T5 (p < 0.05); scores in groups PG and EG were higher than those in group GA (p < 0.05). The serum levels of S-100β protein in the three groups at T3 were higher than those at T0 (p < 0.05); however, serum ADP concentrations were reduced (p < 0.05); the serum levels of S-100β protein in groups PG and EG were lower than those in group GA at T3, while serum ADP levels were higher. Conclusions Thoracic paravertebral block or epidural block combined with general anesthesia can improve early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing lobectomy. TPVB-GA demonstrated better effects, which may be related to the secretion of ADP. more...

OBJECTIVE To determine effects of hydrocortisone administration on serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations, abdominal fat distribution, and mRNA expression of leptin and adiponectin in abdominal adipose tissue of dogs. ANIMALS 12 healthy dogs. PROCEDURES Dogs received hydrocortisone (8.5 mg/kg; n = 6) or a placebo (6) orally every 12 hours for 90 days. Serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations were measured with a canine-specific ELISA on the day before (day 0; baseline) and during (days 1, 3, 7, 30, 60, and 90) administration. On days 0, 30, 60, and 90, abdominal fat mass was quantified with CT, and mRNA expression of leptin and adiponectin in abdominal fat was analyzed by use of a PCR assay. RESULTS Hydrocortisone administration resulted in an increase in visceral fat mass on days 60 and 90, compared with the mass at baseline. Visceral fat mass at the level of L3 increased during hydrocortisone administration. Serum leptin concentration began to increase on day 1 and was significantly higher than the baseline concentration on days 30 and 60. Serum adiponectin concentration on days 30, 60, and 90 was significantly lower than the baseline concentration. Leptin and adiponectin mRNA expression in abdominal fat was greater on day 30, compared with expression at baseline, but lower on days 60 and 90, compared with expression on day 30. Serum leptin concentration and visceral fat mass were correlated. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Hydrocortisone administration affected abdominal fat distribution and serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations through dysregulation of leptin and adiponectin expression. more...

Adiponectin is an adipokine that exerts insulin-sensitizing and antiinflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a new heterologous ultrasensitive assay based on amplified luminescent technology for adiponectin determination in serum and saliva of dogs. A complete analytical validation of the assay was made in these fluids, and also this assay was applied to quantify adiponectin in serum and saliva of obese and lean dogs and dogs with leishmaniosis. These conditions were selected because in obesity there is a controversy about how adiponectin concentrations change in dogs, and in case of canine leishmaniosis, although it is described a decrease in serum adiponectin, there are not studies about how adiponectin changes after treatment. A total of 11 dogs were used in the validation and 26 dogs with different body condition and 8 with canine leishmaniosis were used for the clinical evaluation of the new assay for adiponectin quantification in serum and saliva of dogs. The analytical evaluation showed that the developed method could measure adiponectin in serum and saliva of dogs with high repeatability and sensitivity, adding a limit of quantification lower than commercially available ELISAs. In addition, significantly higher adiponectin concentrations were found in lean dogs and a correlation between serum and saliva was observed (P .01). Moreover, dogs with leishmania presented reduced levels of adiponectin in serum. In conclusion, a new assay has been developed for adiponectin measurements which is more sensitive and faster than the traditional ELISA assays requiring less sample volume. more...