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A study was made of camel's milk proteins, of their fraction and amino acid composition. It was shown that the content of the total protein in camel's milk does not depend on the season and constitutes 4.26 g/100 g product on the average. Examination of the fraction composition of camel's milk proteins revealed 74.1% of casein and 25.9% of serum proteins (of the total content). Of the total amount of serum proteins, albumins constitute 18.8%, globulins, 13% and proteoso-peptones, 17.8%. A study was also made of the amino acid content of camel's milk to reveal all the indispensable amino acids in the amount of 36.1%. Tryptophan is a limiting amino acid.

It was shown that the content of vitamins E, C, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin in mare's milk and kumyss varies depending on the season. The highest level of vitamins E, C and niacin was noted in May-June. The technological processing of mare's milk leads to the decreased content of vitamin C and niacin. Mare's milk and kumyss were found to contain dehydroascorbic acid in a considerable amount, especially in summer.

The authors examined lipids of horse and camel meat and those obtained from the camel's hump. It was shown that the content of total lipids in camel meat ranges from 10.4 to 16.3 g/100 g product, that in horse meat from 5.9 to 16.5 g/100 g product. No differences are recorded in the fractional composition of lipids contained by both types of meat. The main part of lipids is constituted by triglycerides (91-92%). Horse meat lipids are marked by a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (15.8-18.4%) and by a high degree of unsaturation (72.8-78.4). Camel meat lipids, particularly those obtained from the camel's hump are characterized by a considerable content of saturated fatty acids (44% in camel meat and 60.2% in the hump). Hump lipids are poor in polyunsaturated fatty acids (1.1%). The losses of meat lipids on culinary treatment are within 24-44%.

The purpose of the work was to study the effect of benzene, toluene and xylene combined with acetone on ascorbic acid (AA) supply of constructive workers exposed to prolonged C-vitaminization. Vitaminization was carried out for 6 and 12 months with various doses of AA (50, 100 and 150 mg). Additional vitaminization induced a considerable increase in AA content in the blood plasma and raised its excretion with urine in the workers given 50 and 100 mg of vitamin C and not exposed to the harmful industrial factors. In painters working in the premises with an elevated content of aromatic hydrocarbons in the air, the higher level of AA in the blood plasma and urine could be attained only after prolonged additional vitaminization at a dose of 150 mg. The data obtained in experiments on guinea pigs also indicate advisability of increasing the daily preventive dose of vitamin C under industrial conditions with an elevated content of benzene and vapours of its methyl derivatives.

Physicochemical properties of fat and fatty-acid composition of mare's milk and shubath (sour milk product obtained from camel's milk) depend on the season. During summer these products show a higher content of fat and increased level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly in mare's milk lipids. It has been shown that in mare's milk lipids 90% is due to acids with a carbon chain of C14-18, while shubath lipids contain almost 96% of such acids.

The influence of the feeding of August rats with rice grown in highly saline soils, treated with different doses of industrial zinc salts, on the body providing with riboflavin, ascorbic acid, vitamins A, E and PP was studied. The meliorative-active matter was used in doses of 40 and 80 kg/hectare. The grain of the same sort grown under similar conditions but without the meliorative agent, served as control. It has been established that the feeding of the rats with rice grown in soils, treated with high doses of industrial zinc salts, produces unfavourable effect on the animals' body inducing serious disorders in vitamin metabolism.

To study the biological value of kumyss leaven, experiments were made with mono-cultures contained by kumyss leaven. The cultures Streptococcus lactis, strain 1-27, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, strain B-3, acetic acid bacteria and the yeast culture Torulopsis kefir var kumis, strain 17 contained by kumyss leaven were employed as test objects. Experiments were performed with defattened cow's milk. The following parameters were measured: acidity according to Turner (T degree), dry residue, total nitrogen according to Kjeldahl's micromethod, amino acid composition by ion-exchange chromatography, biological value according to the amino acid score. All the parameters were studied over time for 5 days. The vital activity of the cultures produced different effects on the acidity, dry residue and amino acid composition, therefore on the biological value of kumyss leavens. It is assumed that the data obtained may be of importance for kumyss manufacture.

The influence of isocaloric semi-synthetic rations with varying protein components (casein, wheat gluten, isolates of cotton, soybean and rice proteins) on lipid transport processes in the blood serum was studied in experiments on made August rats. It has been shown that the alimentary proteins studied affect blood serum lipids and lipoproteins by altering lypolysis activity in the serum, by modifying the hepatic production of high-density lipoproteins and their free cholesterol, by disturbance of low-density lipoprotein degradation. The rest mechanisms regulating lipid transport in the blood serum are changed insignificantly.