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There have been serious research advancements in concrete materials to make construction more sustainable. Specifically, this is true with regard to alternative ingredients used for self-compacting concrete (SCC) production. To improve its sustainability, this study is aimed at adding Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregate (FRCA) and Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) into SCC. Crushed and reclaimed asphalt (RCA), on the other hand, has many benefits including lower environmental impact and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, there are several issues associated with contractors’ knowledge among others being variations in their properties. It’s also known that FRCA can imbibe water faster; hence, mineral admixtures may be introduced to further enhance mechanical behaviour of the concrete. Fly ash and geopolymer synthesis are examples of waste products from industry as well as by-products of coal combustion which are useful in making green concretes. The best results would be achieved if fly ash, a popular Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) that reduces Ordinary Portland Cement’s (OPC’s) need is divided according to its oxide content. In order for geopolymers to become an alternative for cement making materials such as aluminosilicate source or alkali reactants are applied. Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) enhances performance of concrete even more with strain-hardening properties, especially in terms of durability and tensile capacity. On the whole, manufacturing concrete from recycled and industrial waste products is cost effective and environmentally beneficial. These materials can be maximized if prope performance-driven design strategies and contemporary waste management systems are put into place. This paper emphasizes how essential and crucial it is to incorporate sustainable methods in the production of concrete to create a more environment friendly construction industry.

In this study, we examined the effect of adding recycled plastics to concrete. The waste plastics were collected from a local market. The disposal of plastics is a major issue with many negative consequences. Plastic, being inorganic, does not change the chemical characteristics of concrete and has no effect on its quality or consistency, making it an ideal material for use in the construction industry, where it may help reduce plastic waste. Plastic has dual uses in concrete as a filler ingredient and as an additive to enhance the mechanical properties of the material. The concrete was prepared using five different amounts of aggregate substitution by volume: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. Cubes and beams were cast, cured, and tested using a universal testing machine. A mixed proportion was made using the different ingredients used in the concrete. At 7, 21, and 28 d, the results showed that the compressive and flexural strengths increased as the percentage of plastic waste increased. Also, flexural strength improved with an increase in the proportion of plastic waste, reaching a maximum at 30%. These results highlight that, as plastic fiber decreases the quantity of industrial fibers needed in concrete, it is also proven to be more inexpensive.

The process of changing a soil’s physical characteristics to provide it long-term, permanent improvements in strength is known as soil stabilisation. Increasing a soil’s overall bearing capacity and shear strength is how stabilisation is achieved. After stabilisation, a solid monolith forms, reducing permeability and hence the possibility for shrinkage and swelling as well as the damaging impacts of freeze-thaw cycles. The goal of this study is to improve the physical characteristics of soils for better building results by investigating the potential of cement and rice husk ash (RHA) as soil stabilizing materials. Using RHA, a byproduct of milling rice, this study investigates alternate, environmentally friendly stabilization techniques with respect to the limits of traditional cement-based stabilization. The study assesses the impacts of different RHA and cement mixtures on soil’s Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index using a thorough experimental approach. The factorial experiment provides important insights into changes in soil plasticity over a 3x3 matrix under nine distinct settings. The results show that while larger RHA percentages considerably lower the Plasticity Index, indicating improved soil stability, increasing cement concentration generally rises the Liquid and Plastic Limits. The satisfactory combination, determined to be 15% RHA and 8% cement, presents a possible path closer to producing soil that is less plastic and more durable. This obseravtion helps to broaden sustainable, low-cost techniques of stabilizing soil at the same time as also shedding light on the synergistic impacts of cement and RHA on soil parameters.

Engineered soil qualities can be modified mechanically, chemically, or biologically to achieve soil stabilisation. Soil stabilisation is a method used in civil engineering to enhance and enhance a soil’s structural qualities. Mechanical strength, permeation, compressibility, resilience, and plasticity are some of these attributes. The systematic investigation of soil stabilization with fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as binders is presented in this work. The goal of using geopolymer technology is to enhance the mechanical qualities of clay soils for the building of road pavement by substituting conventional cementitious materials. The ideal ratio of Fly Ash to GGBS is found using a Taguchi experimental design technique, more precisely a L9 Orthogonal Array, with the goal of improving soil liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index. The effectiveness of various Fly Ash and GGBS ratios is assessed, as well as their influence on soil behavior. In order to develop models for predicting soil parameters, regression analysis is used. Diagnostic plots show a reasonable fit but also highlight small amounts of unexplained variability. These discoveries have important ramifications for sustainable construction methods and are essential for improving soil stabilizing procedures, especially when it comes to road pavement engineering.

This study explores innovative methods and technologies that promote efficiency and environmental stewardship in the handling of industrial waste, providing sustainable alternatives to disposal solutions. Waste from various manufacturing techniques, both commercial and municipal, creates very demanding conditions due to its volume and impact on the environment. This study looks at recycling techniques, bio electrochemical systems, smart waste monitoring systems helped by IoT and advanced computing, and sustainable waste management practices in addition to the 3R concept (reduce, reuse, recycle). The paper also identifies the detrimental effects of conventional disposal methods. The studies demonstrate how sustainable-practice integration can lead to significant waste reduction, resource conservation, and environmental safety in many global contexts and industries. This review promotes the implementation of sustainable waste control techniques across all sectors to lessen the negative effects of commercial waste by analyzing different techniques and their results. It does this by highlighting the scalability and value of these strategies.

Time-dependent thermal analysis plays a pivotal role in the manufacturing industry as it greatly influences the overall performance of the final product. This study delves into transient thermal analysis of an aluminum alloy concerning both temperature and time. Employing ANSYS, a finite element-based software, an axisymmetric model is constructed. This model encompasses a mold made of sand and a pattern filled with aluminum alloy. The analysis focuses on temperatures ranging from 650 to 1050°C, examining the temperature changes in the mold and pattern after 1500 seconds, primarily due to the convection process. Parameters like heat flux and directional heat flux are also determined. Subsequently, machine learning models are utilized to interpret the data acquired from ANSYS, enabling the extension of the results to a broader temperature range of 1150 to 1550°C. This study is instrumental in facilitating the effective design of transient thermal analysis for various alloys at different temperatures.

Efficiency in technology, distributive effectiveness, and environmental effectiveness all have the potential to be included in the general concept of "resource use efficiency in agriculture." An effective farmer distributes his resources, including labourers, water, and land, appropriately in the best possible way to enhance his revenue while minimising expenses over time. Multiple research studies, however, demonstrate that farmers frequently make inadequate use of their resources. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of various farming practices and technologies, highlighting their impact on agricultural efficiency and resource use. Also, this review investigates the incorporation of advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) into agriculture, emphasising the significance of environmental and economic factors in achieving sustainable agricultural productivity. With a focus on the ASEAN region and specific case studies, it assesses how carbon emissions, deforestation, renewable energy, and biodiversity affect farming efficiencies. The paper underscores the value of biodiversity, including underutilized and neglected species, and the potential of IoT and associated technologies to enhance agricultural operations. Moreover, it discusses about how resource optimization models can be used to increase agricultural yields and address environmental issues. A fundamental necessity for strategic management of water resources and joint utilization of water resources to support sustainable agriculture is also emphasized in the evaluation.

This study focuses on enhancing surface protection through microwave-assisted metallic cladding of a Ni-ZrO2 mixture onto SS-304 substrates. Meticulous preparation steps ensured effective deposition: SS-304 underwent thorough cleaning, while the Ni-ZrO2 mixture was preheated to remove moisture. Maintaining uniform distribution was crucial for consistent coating thickness. Microwaves interacted differently with materials, necessitating consideration of material-specific skin depth to avoid direct particle-microwave interaction. Microwave hybrid heating (MHH) with charcoal as a susceptor overcame microwave reflection, facilitating rapid heating of the powder mixture. A pure graphite sheet prevented contamination during MHH. Subsequent irradiation in a multimode microwave applicator for 120 seconds ensured uniform and controlled heating, as illustrated in Figure 1. SEM analysis revealed the distribution and morphology of Ni and ZrO2 particles on the SS-304 surface, indicating effective deposition and adherence. A significant improvement in surface hardness (40.78%) post-cladding was observed. Furthermore, the wear rate and coefficient of friction of the cladded surface were determined to be 0.00124 mm3/m and 0.243, respectively. These findings highlight the promising tribological performance of the Ni-ZrO2 cladded surface, underscoring its potential for applications requiring enhanced surface protection and improved mechanical properties.

This study investigates the manufacturing of Aluminum-Alumina composites through Friction Stir Processing (FSP) and explores the resultant enhancements in mechanical properties. A key focus lies on achieving a uniform distribution of Al2O3 particles within the composite matrix, crucial for optimizing material performance. These dispersed particles act as effective strengthening agents, impeding dislocation movement and grain boundary migration, consequently improving mechanical attributes such as hardness, strength, and wear resistance. Experimental findings underscore the efficacy of FSP in enhancing various mechanical properties of the composite. Notably, significant improvements were observed, including a 23.56% increase in tensile strength, a 37.9% enhancement in hardness, a 25.5% improvement in fatigue strength, and a notable 30.12% increase in wear resistance. These results underscore the potential of Aluminum-Alumina composites manufactured via FSP to unlock new opportunities for high-performance materials in industries requiring superior mechanical properties and wear resistance, such as aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing sectors.

Understanding and analysing wind-induced vibrations is a crucial part of the overall evaluation, design, and construction of high-rise building structures. Developers are exploring and using sloped or steep terrain for construction due to the ongoing trends of urbanisation, the ongoing demand for housing, and the constraints placed on available land resources. This change in the landscape underscores the necessity for considerable research endeavours by requiring a comprehensive grasp of the structural equilibrium of structures positioned on slopes. To investigate how wind speed affects the way building frames respond structurally when situated on sloping terrain is the principal objective of this research project. The study considers alternative frame geometries in combination with varying ground slopes. By highlighting the Taking into account wind loads—especially in different wind zones (like III and IV)—and different slopes— from 0° to 10°—the study seeks to clarify the complex dynamics at play in the relationship between wind forces and multi storey reinforced concrete building frames. As a consequence, it is essential to determine if a hillside can sustain building loads. In order to estimate the factor of safety against the slope’s sliding collapse, this study proposes a method that takes building loads transferred to the slope into account. Wind forces might also be included in the analysis. It is feasible to consider various slopes similar to the formulation provided in the research. Research on the stability of slopes with different building configurations has been conducted. This research has discussed the measures that must be implemented for stepped foundations on hill slopes.

Swarm robotics epitomizes a frontier in cooperative control within multi-agent systems, where the emulation of biological swarms offers a paradigm shift in robotics. This paper delves into the mechanisms of decentralized decision-making and the emergent behaviors that arise from local interactions among autonomous robotic agents without the need for a central controller. It explores the synthesis of simple control rules that yield complex, adaptive, and scalable group behaviors, akin to those found in natural swarms. A critical examination of communication protocols elucidates how information-sharing among agents leads to the robust execution of collective tasks. The research further investigates the dynamics of role allocation, task partitioning, and redundancy, which are crucial for the resilience of swarm robotic systems. Through simulation and empirical analysis, the efficacy of swarm algorithms in various applications, including search and rescue, environmental monitoring, and collective construction, is demonstrated. The study's findings underscore the significance of bio-inspired algorithms and the potential of swarm robotic systems to adapt and thrive in unpredictable environments. The implications for the future of autonomous systems are profound, as swarm robotics paves the way for innovations in distributed artificial intelligence and robotic.

The expanding population in the past decade has put an enormous strain on building materials sector, prompting civil engineers to find creative strategies for turning waste into viable assets. Employing such waste as an invaluable asset may contribute to financial savings on the disposal of waste, enhance safety and security for the public, encourage environmental awareness, and save restricted natural resources. The present paper is part of a larger analysis on the applications of bricks. The particular focus is on the use of different waste materials in the process of producing them. The mechanical and physical attributes of bricks provide recommendations for further study in this field. Further research is required for finding a cost-effective brick production method that utilizes less energy and generates a lesser number environmental pollutants. Brick kilns are asked to shift towards utilizing alternate fuels like methane gas or petroleum oil. Furthermore, research is required to determine how to fulfill the material criteria of the standard while safeguarding the environment, in particular view of a growing movement in the construction sector toward the use of low-cost, lightweight, and green construction supplies. Recycled waste materials from farms and factories can reduce environmental harm and fulfill the need for more economically efficient ways of building.

The present research paper examines the application of generative design algorithms in the area of structural engineering. This new approach has transformed the field of structural engineering through its innovative solutions. The integration of algorithms and AI in generative engineering enables the investigation of broad possibilities for design, with a goal of increasing the productivity, environmental sustainability and aesthetically appeal of constructions. The current research examines the effective implementation of generative design algorithms for dealing with difficult structural issues to generate creative solutions. The text explores into the mathematical methods included its effect on sustainable design, and the potential for customization throughout the area of structural engineering. This study also explores case studies in which the use of generative design is being successfully implemented, providing valuable insights into its real-world benefits and limitations. The main objective is to prove the consequences of generative design algorithms for the design procedure, as well as their involvement in increased creativity, efficiency, as well as environmental sustainability in the field of construction engineering.

The development of machine learning (ML) methods in the field of material science has provided new possibilities for predictive modeling, especially in the field of mechanical material evaluation. The study provides an in-depth investigation of the utilization of various machine learning methods in predicting of mechanical characteristics throughout a range of different materials. A range of supervised learning models, such as regression tree models, support vector machine models, and neural networks, have been used to examine and forecast significant mechanical properties, including strength, ductility, and toughness. The models completed training as well as validation processes employing broad datasets obtained from experimental mechanical tests, covering tensile, compression, and fatigue examinations. Major focus was given to the process of choosing features and optimization in order to boost the accuracy and dependability of the predictions. This approach not only simplifies the method of material development but also improves understanding of the complex links among material composition, methods of processing, and mechanical properties. The research further examines the barriers and potential outcomes of applying machine learning (ML) in material characterization. It stresses the possibility for further improvements in predicted precision and efficiency of computing. Support vector machines, supervised artificial neural network, regression trees are most popular ML technique used in conducting predictive modelling.

Biomaterials are essential to the development of neural interfaces, including brainmachine interfaces. Biomaterial methods improve neural interface functionality, compatibility, and longevity, enabling brain-device communication. An extensive investigation of biomaterials utilized in brain electrode arrays, neural probes, & implantable devices rely on how materials affect neural signals recording, stimulation, & tissue contact. It also investigates how biomaterials, bioelectronics and 3D printing could improve neural interfaces. Biomaterials modulate neuroinflammatory responses, enhance brain tissue regeneration, and promote neural interface longevity. This study shows the potential for change of biomaterial-based neural interfaces in neuroprosthetics, neurological rehabilitation, and fundamental neuroscience research, addressing the need for brain-machine relationship and neurotechnology innovation. These findings suggest expanding biomaterials research and development to advance and sustain neural interface technologies for future use.

The future of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) entails a combination of urgent difficulties and unparalleled prospects. In the pursuit of achieving universal access to clean water and sanitation, together with the promotion of sanitary practises, innovation has emerged as a crucial driver for sustainable advancement within the global society. The present study, entitled “Flowing Futures: Innovations in Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) for Sustainable Provision of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene,” examines the ever-changing terrain of WASH by examining novel approaches, with the ultimate goal of visualising a future in which all individuals have equal and fair access to these essential human entitlements. This study focuses on the convergence of WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene) with technology, emphasising advancements in water purification, sanitation infrastructure, and interventions targeting behaviour change. This study investigates the impact of recent improvements in data analytics, remote sensing, and smart infrastructure on the monitoring and management of water resources. These technological developments have the potential to significantly improve efficiency and enable prompt response during times of crisis. Also, the initiative known as “Flowing Futures” places significant emphasis on the importance of community-led strategies, acknowledging that the establishment of sustainable solutions is contingent upon local empowerment and active participation. This study examines many case studies from different geographical areas, demonstrating the significant effects of participatory programmes that enable communities to assume responsibility for their water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services. These initiatives also promote a sense of stewardship towards the environment.

The provision of uncontaminated water, sufficient sanitation facilities, and appropriate hygiene behaviours is an essential entitlement of every individual and plays a crucial role in promoting worldwide health and overall welfare. The interconnection between water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) exerts a significant influence on the health outcomes of global societies. This study examines the complex relationship between water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) within the framework of global health. It specifically highlights the difficulties, prospects, and capacity for significant change that this relationship presents. In a global context characterised by enduring issues such as limited access to water resources, insufficient sanitation infrastructure, and suboptimal hygiene practises, the demand for creative and groundbreaking remedies has become increasingly urgent. This study explores the various complex aspects of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH), analysing its direct and indirect influence on health, nutrition, education, and economic advancement. The significance of AquaLives lies in emphasising the pressing need to accomplish the targets set by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) pertaining to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) within the timeframe of 2030. This study analyses case studies and best practises from different countries, providing insights into effective strategies that can potentially revolutionise communities’ access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene education. this research study explores the interconnections between Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) initiatives and the growing global health concerns, including the readiness for pandemics and the adaptation to climate change. AquaLives aims to foster a revitalised dedication to Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) as a fundamental pillar of worldwide public health. The statement underscores the importance of fostering joint endeavours, promoting policy innovation, and augmenting investments in infrastructure and education.

Millennials or Generation Y exhibit unique buying behavior because they have grown up in a digital world and their consumption behavior and purchase patterns are influenced by their online activities. The present study employed SPSS and AMOS to measure the impact of word-of-mouth (WOM) and electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) on the purchase intention of millennials towards refurbished electronic products. The study helps in understanding the purchase behavior of millennials, eventually assisting marketers in designing suitable strategies to attract and influence this significant market segment. Factor analysis and SEM were employed, and it was concluded that demographic variables, specifically family monthly income and gender, influence WOM and e-WOM and purchase intention of millennials. Further, the impact of e-WOM on millennials was insignificant. They were found to be more influenced by WOM, particularly in refurbished electronic products category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The present study is an attempt to explore the anthelmintic activity of ethanolic extract of flower of Calendula officinalis. Various doses of ethanolic extracts were evaluated for their anthelmintic activity on adult Indian earthworms, Pheretima posthuma. Calendula officinalis Linn has been widely used in homeopathic medicine for the treatment of many diseases. It has been reported to possess many pharmacological activities, which include antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Methods: The ethanol extract of air dried flowers powder (500g) was prepared by using soxlet apparatus, concentrated and vacuum dried which gave an orange yellowish mass (60.46 g). Extract was subjected to qualitative chemical investigation of phytoconstituents such as glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, tannins, proteins, vitamins, coumarins etc. Results: All extracts were able to show anthelmintic activity at 10mg/mL concentration. The activities are comparable with the standard drugs, piperazine citrate and albendazole. The data were found statistically significantly by using one way Anova at 5% level of significance (p< 0.05). Conclusion: All the doses of ethanolic extract of calendula officinalis showed dose dependent anthelmintic activity in comparison to standard drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]