Search

Garlic (Allium sativum) is an indispensable ingredient for enriching and diversifying Indonesian cuisine taste. Indonesian people always use garlic for their daily dishes and any traditional foods. Due to its widespread culinary use, its availability in the market become critical. The main challenge to consistently growing this garlic is Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, which wilts Allium plants. The application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B1 on local garlic varieties named Lumbu Hijau could effectively control F. oxysporum through in vitro and in vivo experiments. In the in vitro test, B. amyloliquefaciens B1 successfully suppressed the growth of F. oxysporum up to 53.41%. The consortium application in the greenhouse reduced disease incidence by up to 39.17%, and the efficacy of this biocontrol reached 84%. In addition, this approach also positively influenced plant growth, such as plant height, total wet shoot and root weight, and also tuber weight. As such, it is essential to use this consortium of microorganisms in field research and carry out a comprehensive investigation to identify any possible phenomena that may arise in the rhizosphere after application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The excessive availability of coffee-cherry processing residues has garnered attention, owing to potential environmental concerns associated with ground disposal. The current investigation aims to disclose the characteristics of two main coffee agroindustry residues, i.e., coffee pulp and parchment, as well as the resulting biochar which is produced without chemicals and low energy involved. The effects of washing raw biomass on biochar’s physical–chemical properties were investigated. The pre-washed samples were prepared through the following steps: washing, soaking for 20 h, draining, rinsing, and drying under sunlight for 3 days. A slow pyrolysis process was performed at 420 °C in a pilot-scale apparatus to produce biochar. The results show that the pre-washing of feedstock reduced the ash content in coffee pulp biochar from 28.23 to 11.93%. The ash content of coffee parchment biochar decreased from 9.68 to 5.66% as a result of the washing treatment of the raw material. Furthermore, coffee pulp biochar experienced a 25.8% reduction in surface area, while 14% of the coffee parchment was lost due to washing treatment of raw feedstocks. The findings presented in this study offer new insights that are crucial for evaluating the feasibility and advancing the development of a large-scale commercial process for managing coffee agro-industry residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the influence of frugality on subjective well-being (SWB) in early adult online shoppers, with religiosity as a moderator variable. The study participants consisted of men and women aged 18-40 years who are online shoppers in Indonesia. The hypothesis test was carried out using the Multiple Linear Regression technique, and the results of this study showed that the results showed that a positive relationship was found between the three variables. The results of the study also showed that religiousosis positively moderated the relationship between the variables (= 0.073, p 0.10). In addition, it was found that the relationship was negatively correlated with the two variables (P 0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that online shoppers can implement a lifestyle of simplicity by making a list of shopping priorities, comparing prices between platforms, and considering the use value of products before making purchases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to design User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) for website-based student registration at Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Qurrotul 'Uyun using design thinking method. In the face of educational development and the need for technological innovation, the use of technology in school administration activities is crucial to improve efficiency. This research highlights the problems faced by Raudhatul Athfal Qurrotul 'Uyun, namely the use of manual forms and Google Forms in Registration, which have the potential to result in filling errors and difficult data management. The design thinking method is applied through the stages of empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and testing. Interviews were conducted with prospective student guardians, solution ideas were collected, and a UI design was created to illustrate user flow. The prototype was tested through usability testing with the system usability scale, involving 12 respondents. The results showed that the UI and UX design of web-based student registration using figma tools with the design thinking method can be done at Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Qurrotul 'Uyun. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MSMEs contribute significantly to the Indonesian economy but often face challenges in technology adoption. This research identifies factors and barriers to technology acceptance in MSMEs, aims to formulate support strategies, and highlights the role of all in increasing technology acceptance. The results are expected to provide practical solutions for the MSME sector. This research uses qualitative methods with bibliometric techniques using the Vosviewers application. Searches used keywords such as external stimuli, Obstacle, Opportunity, Challenge, Cognitive response, and Readiness. The idea was to search for articles via Publish or Perish with 762 articles, which were then processed using VosViewers. The analysis results found that scientific mapping and the possibility of future research regarding technology acceptance could be used as a recommendation variable for future researchers as a reference for subsequent articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cucumber plants are plants that can grow and adapt in various environmental conditions. Cucumber production in Indonesia has fluctuated from 2019 to 2022. This research aims to study the appropriate weed control of various treatments for the growth and yield of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.). The research was conducted from March 2023 to August 2023 in Mojorejo Village, Junrejo District, Batu City, East Java Province. The factorial study used a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 6 treatments which were repeated 4 times so that there were 24 experimental plot with treatment P0: Without weeding, P1: Weed free (weeding every 3 days), P2: Manual weeding 21 DAP, P3: Oxyfluorfen herbicide at a dose of 1.5 l ha-1 + manual weeding 21 DAP, P4: Black Silver Mulch + manual weeding 21 DAP, P5: Rice Straw Mulch + manual weeding 21 DAP. The results showed that there was a significant effect on the parameters of plant length, number of leaves, leaf area, average number of fruits per plant, average fruit diameter, average fruit length, average fruit weight per plant, and fruit weight per hectare in cucumber plants. Weed-free treatment, black silver + manual weeding 21 DAP treatment, oxyfluorfen herbicide at a dose of 1.5 l ha-1 + manual weeding 21 DAP treatment, and rice straw mulch + manual weeding 21 DAP treatment had high fruit weight per hectare compared to the treatment without weeding with yields of 68,1 tons ha-1, 66,6 tons ha-1, 56,1 tons ha-1, and 52,1 tons ha-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyrolysis is a commonly used method to produce main products such as bio-char, bio-oil and syngas. However, the practical use of syngas as a fuel is currently constrained by suboptimal properties and the necessity for specialized storage. This study investigated the impact of using syngas directly as an additional fuel for heating the pyrolysis reactor on process parameters and the properties of the resulting bio-char products. The experiment was conducted using two process variations: (i) pyrolysis utilizing syngas as fuel for co-firing with LPG, and (ii) pyrolysis using only LPG as fuel. The variables observed during the testing included the consumption of LPG fuel, process time, heating rate, pyrolysis product yields, and the properties of the bio-char. Characterization of the bio-char was carried out through proximate analysis, bomb calorimetry, thermogravimetric and FTIR analysis. Based on the experimental results it can be concluded that co-firing is able to save on the use of LPG and reduce process time. In terms of product yield, there was no significant difference when syngas was co-fired with LPG. In terms of the properties of the bio-char product, syngas co-firing pyrolysis helps in reducing the moisture content, increasing the fixed carbon content, and also increasing the calorific value up to 26855 J/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study utilized coffee cherry residues, which is an abundantly available source of biomass in Indonesia. One of the methods to utilize coffee plantation residues effectively is wet torrefaction. This method is well-known as a hydrothermal method, where the biomass conversion process uses liquid as a medium and reactant in the process. The objective of this work was to develop an effective procedure for converting coffee agro-waste into marketable products using hydrothermal technology. The information related to changes in physical and thermal properties were explored in this work. To achieve the research objectives, three main steps were performed, i.e., feedstock preparation, wet torrefaction, and hydrochar characterization. Two types of feedstocks were studied in this work, coffee parchment and coffee pulp. In the wet torrefaction process, each feedstock was treated using two types of solutions, i.e., distilled water and acetic acid, at different concentrations. The reaction was carried out in an autoclave with a pressure of 2 bar (g) and an operating temperature of 130 °C for 2 hours. The properties of the hydrochar products were then analyzed using various methods, including bomb calorimetry, SEM, density, TGA-DTG, and hydrophobicity analyses. Overall, the results indicated that the hydrochar produced under acetic acid solution had better characteristics compared to that treated under distilled water. In terms of fixed carbon content and calorific value, the values increased up to 25.3% and 4,603 kcal/kg, respectively. Enhanced hydrophobicity was only observed in the coffee parchment hydrochar, where the average time required to adsorb water was 146.6 s, which can be categorized as strongly hydrophobic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sugarcane leaves are the main residue constitute approximately 14% of the total weight of the remaining sugarcane after harvesting. An effective method for processing sugarcane leaves residues is needed at low cost without causing any environmental problem. This research aims to disclose the effect of sugarcane leaves densification method applied prior to pyrolysis process in a pilot scale reactor. To evaluate the process and its product, the experiments were carried out into two types: (i) pyrolysis of sugarcane leaves without densification at 320 ℃ with a variation of pyrolysis time for 100,120, and 130 minutes and (ii) pyrolysis of densified sugarcane leaves with the variation of pyrolysis temperature 320 ℃ and 420 ℃. The investigated conditions showed that the effect of sugarcane leaves densification prolong the pyrolysis time up to 240 minutes at a pyrolysis temperature of 320 ℃, and increased the yield of biochar and bio-oil products up to 41% and 38%, respectively. However, in term of the physical properties of biochar products, the fixed carbon content decreased by 7% when the sugarcane leaves were compacted. While other parameters found no significant difference in pyrolysis at 320 ℃, the effect of sugarcane leaves densification is very beneficial especially when the pyrolysis was performed at 420 ℃. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggalakkan budaya menulis seseorang sejak berada di sekolah dasar usia 7-11 tahun, sehingga ketika seseorang itu menempuh dunia pendidikan di Perguruan Tinggi ia telah memiliki keterampilan dalam hal tulis-menulis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa metode kualitatif deskriptif yang disusun dengan sebuah narasi berdasarkan data-data yang telah diperoleh dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Selain itu, observasi juga menjadi sebuah metode penelitian dalam mengamati perilaku mahasiswa dalam mengungkapkan gagasan melalui tulisan yang sangat kontras jika dibandingkan dengan kemampuan berbicaranya. Data-data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan memanfaatkan kuisioner yang telah diisi oleh mahasiswa tentang pentingnya budaya menulis fiksi sejak berada dalam sekolah dasar. Hasil penelitian berupa argumen mahasiswa tentang pentingnya pengenalan budaya menulis sejak sekolah dasar yang telah dikenalkan karangan pengalaman pribadi bertajuk fiksi. Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa kesulitan-kesulitan yang dialami oleh mahasiswa dalam menulis masih banyak ditemukan, hal itu terjadi karena minimnya frekuensi membaca dan anggapan bahwa menulis itu sulit diterapkan sehingga mereka banyak yang memilih berbicara langsung dari pada menulis. Kata kunci: Eskalasi, menulis, fiksi, sekolah dasar.

Justice Collaborator aims to facilitate evidence and prosecution as well as fully reveal a crime, especially those related to organized crime. However, not everyone who commits a crime as a perpetrator wants to become a justice collaborator for various reasons, including a lack of legal protection. The formulation of the problem is 1. What is the legal protection for justice collaborators in narcotics crimes so far? 2. What is the ideal concept of legal protection for justice collaborators in the criminal justice process, especially narcotics, in the future? This research uses a type of normative research with statutory, comparative and conceptual approaches. The research results show that in Indonesia, only a few perpetrators of narcotics crimes are willing to become justice collaborators, one of the reasons is the lack of legal protection. The ideal concept of legal protection for justice collaborators in the criminal justice process, especially narcotics, in the future is carried out by reconstructing regulations regarding justice collaborators. Reconstruction can be carried out using two alternatives, namely: reconstructing the Witness and Victim Protection Law, or creating separate regulations regarding justice collaborators in the form of a law.

The demand for consumption vegetables, especially romaine lettuce, can be balanced with hydroponic-based production which can optimize the area of land to produce maximum production with good quality. Increasing the efficiency of romaine lettuce production using substrate hydroponics can be increased by using the combination of the growing media and the intervals of nutrients. This research aims to study the interaction between the combination of growung media and the interval of nutrients and to study the effect of these two factors on the growth and yield of romaine lettuce in a substrate hydroponic system. The research was conducted from April to June 2023 at the Angkasa Greenhouse, AR Saleh Air Base Complex, Pakis District, Malang Regency. This research used a factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with 9 treatments of a combination of growing media and AB mix nutrient solution intervals with 3 replications. The results showed that there was an interaction between the combination of growing media and the interval of AB mix nutrition on the leaf area per plant and root length. The combination of husk charcoal and cocopeat gave higher yields on the total fresh weight, root fresh weight, crown fresh weight, and consumption fresh weight compared to other treatments. Interval treatment of AB mix once every 2 days gave the same results compared to the interval of giving AB mix once every 1 day on the canopy width and leaf chloropyll content so that the interval of giving AB mix every 2 days was considered more efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan is the property of Brawijaya University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the International Working Group led by the Islamic Research and Training Institute has developed guidelines known as the Zakat Core Principles for effective Zakat supervision. While these efforts represent significant progress and are widely adopted in the Islamic world, we argue that the efforts miss a key piece of the cultural and moral normative frameworks by not examining how Muslim public's support could influence the effectiveness of alternative supervision methods. In environments where transparency and disclosure are prioritised, these cultural and moral norms play a crucial role in differentiating between legitimate and illegitimate zakat transactions. However, the International Working Group primarily emphasises financial reporting and institutional development, which often overlook these cultural and moral dimensions essential for effective zakat supervision. This article draws insights from international practices, such as the Islamic Bank of Thailand's zakat account, where funds are managed within Islamic financial institutions under stringent supervision, and the Lembaga Zakat Negeri Kedah's approach to risk management and public accountability. It argues for adopting an integrated approach that incorporates normative and cultural dimensions, aligned with Indonesia's religious and social contexts, for a more comprehensive zakat supervision and fund management strategy. This approach will not only improve the efficiency of zakat distribution but also enhance public trust in zakat institutions, leading to increased zakat collection and a greater positive impact on those in need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study contributes to understanding ecological changes in land use following slash-and-burn land clearing. This study aimed to compare the richness and density of plant species and soil fertility in farmland cultivated for one year (1 Y), three years (3 Y), and five years (5 Y) after slash-andburn, with the conditions in the secondary forest (SF) in Berau Regency of East Kalimantan. Understory plant taxon types, numbers, and soil organic matter were measured in each region using a series of nested plots. The size of each observation plot was 20 x 100 m. Data on understory vegetation composition was collected using 1 x 1 m mini plots at 20 sampling points and divided into five blocks, with a 10 m spacing between sampling points on each property. Understory vegetation species and cover percentage, litter cover percentage, open soil percentage, and soil fertility were measured for each observation plot. The results showed that the land cover percentage increased each year during the 5 years transition from secondary forest to farmland. Furthermore, within the 5 years, there was a change in understory species, particularly the presence of grasses and sedges at 3 and 5 years after the land use change. However, the transition from secondary forest to farmland within 5 years did not alter soil organic matter and total nitrogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Second Language Writing class, the use of student-based assessment such as self and peer assessments has been increasingly promoted in addition to the teacher-assessment (Alias, Masek, & Salleh, 2015; Chang, Tseng, & Lou, 2012; Esfandiari & Myford, 2013) to help the students make a good writing product (Andrade, Du, & Mycek, 2010). Nevertheless, the inclusion of the student-based assessment result in determining the students’ final score still becomes a controversial matter since some studies prove that the student-based assessment and teacher assessment are not in agreement and tend to be questionable (Alias et al., 2015; Panadero, Romero, & Strijbos, 2013). Therefore, to bridge the gap, this study aims at investigating the level of consistency among self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher assessment in a writing course. Through a correlational research design, the current study involved 21 students who took a paragraph writing course and experienced in self and peer assessing. To collect the data, the students were asked to write an expository paragraph that was assessed through self, peer and teacher assessments. After collecting the data, then the data analysis is done by using Spearman Rank Order Correlation to answer whether or not there is consistency among self-assessment, peer assessment, and instructor assessment. The results reveal that the students provided the same score in self, peer and teacher assessment. However, the correlations in both self and peer-assessment, as well as self and teacher assessment, are not considered statistically significant. The significant difference occurs in the correlation between peer and teacher assessment result only. From this finding, it can be recommended to the teacher to include the result of peer assessment in determining the students' final grade.