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348 results on '"Severini, Alberto"'

8. Population immunity to varicella in Canada: A Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) study.

Author

Wright, James, Crowcroft, Natasha, McLachlan, Elizabeth, Perez-Iratxeta, Carol, Joh, Eugene, Osman, Selma, Hatchette, Todd, Deeks, Shelley L., Wilson, Sarah E., Hughes, Stephanie L., Halperin, Scott A., Buchan, Sarah A., Ward, Brian J., Gubbay, Jonathan, Brisson, Marc, Serhir, Bouchra, Severini, Alberto, and Bolotin, Shelly

Subjects
HERD immunity, CHICKENPOX, IMMUNIZATION, DEMOGRAPHIC change, HEALTH surveys
Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of varicella in Canada has decreased by almost 99% since vaccination was introduced. However, variation in the timing and eligibility of vaccination programs across the country has resulted in some cohorts being under-vaccinated and therefore potentially susceptible to infection. Methods: We used nationally representative specimens from the Biobank of Statistics Canada's Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) as well as residual specimens from Ontario collected between 2009–2014 to estimate population immunity across age-groups and geography, and identify any groups at increased risk of varicella infection. Results: The weighted proportion of specimens with antibody levels above the threshold of protection was 93.6% (95% CI: 92.4, 95.0). Protection was lowest among those aged 3–5 years (54.3%; 95% CI: 47.3, 61.4), but increased with age. Individuals born outside Canada had more than twice the odds of varicella susceptibility than those born in Canada (aOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.4, 5.0; p = 0.004). There were no differences by sex or geography within Canada, and there were no statistically significant differences when Ontario CHMS sera were compared to Ontario residual sera, apart from in participants aged 12–19 year age-group, for whom the CHMS estimate (91.2%; 95% CI: 86.7, 95.7) was significantly higher (p = 0.03) than that from residual specimens (85.9%, 95% CI: 81.1, 90.8). Discussion: Varicella immunity in Canada is changing. Children appear to have low population immunity, placing them at greater risk of infection and at increased risk of severe disease as they age. Our results underscore the importance of performing periodic serosurveys to monitor further population immunity changes as the proportion of vaccine-eligible birth-cohorts increases, and to continually assess the risk of outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Genomic Characterization of Three Canadian Mumps Outbreaks Demonstrates Endemic Transmission in Canada.

Author

Frost, Jasmine Rae, Seo, Grace Eunchong, Dust, Kerry, Bullard, Jared, Daley, Peter, LeBlanc, Jason J., Hiebert, Joanne, McLachlan, Elizabeth, and Severini, Alberto

Abstract

Despite the provision of a mumps vaccination program in Canada for over three decades, mumps has not reached elimination. Instead, a re-emergence has been observed in vaccinated populations, particularly in young adults. These outbreaks have been almost exclusively due to genotype G infections, a trend that has been seen in other countries with high mumps vaccination rates. To characterize mumps outbreaks in Canada, genomes from samples from Manitoba (n = 209), Newfoundland (n = 25), and Nova Scotia (n = 48) were sequenced and analysed by Bayesian inference. Whole genome sequencing was shown to be highly discriminatory for outbreak investigations compared to traditional Sanger sequencing. The results showed that mumps virus genotype G most likely circulated endemically in Canada and between Canada and the US. Overall, this Canadian outbreak data from different provinces and ancestral strains demonstrates the benefits of molecular genomic data to better characterize mumps outbreaks, but also suggests genomics could further our understanding of the reasons for potential immune escape of mumps genotype G and evolution in highly vaccinated populations. With a possible endemic circulation of mumps genotype G and the remaining risk of new imported cases, increased surveillance and alternative vaccination strategies may be required for Canada to reach the current target for mumps or a future elimination status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Maternal varicella antibodies in children aged less than one year: Assessment of antibody decay

Author

Bolotin, Shelly, primary, Hughes, Stephanie L., additional, Savage, Rachel D., additional, McLachlan, Elizabeth, additional, Severini, Alberto, additional, Arnold, Callum, additional, Richardson, Susan, additional, Crowcroft, Natasha S., additional, Deek, Shelley, additional, Halperin, Scott A., additional, Brown, Kevin A., additional, Hatchette, Todd, additional, Osman, Selma, additional, Gubbay, Jonathan B., additional, and Science, Michelle, additional

Published
2023
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14. Immunity of Canadians and risk of epidemics workshop – Conference report

Author

Bolotin, Shelly, primary, Osman, Selma, additional, Halperin, Scott, additional, Severini, Alberto, additional, Ward, Brian J., additional, Sadarangani, Manish, additional, Hatchette, Todd, additional, Pebody, Richard, additional, Winter, Amy, additional, De Melker, Hester, additional, Wheeler, Aaron R., additional, Brown, David, additional, Tunis, Matthew, additional, and Crowcroft, Natasha, additional

Published
2023
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17. High prevalence of vaccine‐preventable anal human papillomavirus infections is associated with HIV infection among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya

Author

Oo, Myo Minn, primary, Moore, Samantha, additional, Gibbons, Suzanne, additional, Adhiambo, Wendy, additional, Muthoga, Peter, additional, Siele, Naomi, additional, Akolo, Maureen, additional, Gebrebrhan, Henok, additional, Sivro, Aida, additional, Ball, Blake T., additional, Lorway, Robert R., additional, Severini, Alberto, additional, Kimani, Joshua, additional, and McKinnon, Lyle R., additional

Published
2023
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18. Parent and healthcare provider views of live varicella vaccination of pediatric solid organ transplant recipients.

Author

Condran, Brian, Kervin, Melissa, Burton, Catherine, Blydt‐Hansen, Tom D, Morris, Shaun K., Sadarangani, Manish, Otley, Anthony, Yong, Elaine, Mitchell, Hana, Bettinger, Julie A., Top, Karina A., Gilmour, Susan, Ng, Vicky, Teoh, Chia Wei, Piché‐Renaud, Pierre‐Philippe, Pham‐Huy, Anne, Tapiéro, Bruce, Gantt, Soren, Tee, James, and Severini, Alberto

Subjects
CHICKENPOX vaccines, MEDICAL personnel, TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc., PARENTS, COMMUNICABLE diseases, VACCINATION
Abstract

Background: Live attenuated varicella vaccine (LAVV) has historically been contraindicated in children who are immunocompromised due to solid organ transplant (SOT) because of safety concerns. Recently, clinical guidelines were developed that support post‐transplant varicella vaccination in selected SOT recipients based on emerging evidence of LAVV safety. This qualitative study sought to explore barriers and facilitators to implementing the new guidelines, as well as acceptability of LAVV among healthcare providers (HCPs) and parents. Methods: HCPs and parents of transplant recipients were recruited from four sites using purposive sampling. Data from semi‐structured interviews were analyzed using an Interpretive Description approach that incorporated data from the interviews, academic knowledge and clinical experience, and drew from Grounded Theory and Thematic Analysis. The theoretical framework used was Adaptive Leadership. Results: Thirty‐four participants (16 HCPs and 18 parents) were included in the analysis. Parents developed skills in adaptive leadership that included strategies to protect their child against infectious diseases. Foundational information that live vaccines were absolutely contraindicated post‐transplant "stuck" with parents and led them to develop strategies other than vaccination to keep their child safe. Some parents struggled to understand that information previously presented as a certainty (contraindication of LAVV) could change. Their approach to adaptive leadership informed their appraisal of the new vaccination guidelines and willingness to accept vaccination. Conclusions: HCPs should adopt a family‐centered approach to communicating changing guidelines that considers parents' approach to adaptive leadership and discusses the changing nature of medical evidence. Trust between HCPs and parents can facilitate these conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. Measles outbreak with unique virus genotyping, Ontario, Canada, 2015

Author

Thomas, Shari, Hiebert, Joanne, Gubbay, Jonathan B., Gournis, Effie, Sharron, Jennifer, Severini, Alberto, Jiaravuthisan, Manisa, Shane, Amanda, Jaeger, Valerie, Crowcroft, Natasha S., Fediurek, Jill, Sander, Beate, Mazzulli, Tony, Schulz, Helene, and Deeks, Shelley L.

Subjects
Measles -- Analysis, Public health -- Analysis, Health, World Health Organization
Abstract

In Canada, the last endemic measles case was reported in 1997, and elimination status was achieved the following year (1,2). This status is maintained as long as measles virus does [...]

Published
2017
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24. In Elimination Settings, Measles Antibodies Wane Following Vaccination but Not Following Infection - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Bolotin, Shelly, Osman, Selma, Hughes, Stephanie L, Ariyarajah, Archchun, Tricco, Andrea C, Khan, Sumaiya, Li, Lennon, Johnson, Caitlin, Friedman, Lindsay, Gul, Nazish, Jardine, Rachel, Faulkner, Maryrose, Hahné, Susan J M, Heffernan, Jane M, Dabbagh, Alya, Rota, Paul A, Severini, Alberto, Jit, Mark, Durrheim, David N, Orenstein, Walter A, Moss, William J, Funk, Sebastian, Turner, Nikki, Schluter, William, Jawad, Jaleela S, and Crowcroft, Natasha S

Subjects
measles immunity, measles vaccination, measles elimination, waning immunity
Published
2022

26. In Elimination Settings, Measles Antibodies Wane After Vaccination but Not After Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Bolotin, Shelly, primary, Osman, Selma, additional, Hughes, Stephanie L, additional, Ariyarajah, Archchun, additional, Tricco, Andrea C, additional, Khan, Sumaiya, additional, Li, Lennon, additional, Johnson, Caitlin, additional, Friedman, Lindsay, additional, Gul, Nazish, additional, Jardine, Rachel, additional, Faulkner, Maryrose, additional, Hahné, Susan J M, additional, Heffernan, Jane M, additional, Dabbagh, Alya, additional, Rota, Paul A, additional, Severini, Alberto, additional, Jit, Mark, additional, Durrheim, David N, additional, Orenstein, Walter A, additional, Moss, William J, additional, Funk, Sebastian, additional, Turner, Nikki, additional, Schluter, William, additional, Jawad, Jaleela S, additional, and Crowcroft, Natasha S, additional

Published
2022
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43. Transcontinental Dissemination of the L2b/D-Da Recombinant Chlamydia trachomatis Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) Strain: Need of Broad Multi-Country Molecular Surveillance

Author

Borges, Vítor, primary, Isidro, Joana, additional, Correia, Cristina, additional, Cordeiro, Dora, additional, Vieira, Luís, additional, Lodhia, Zohra, additional, Fernandes, Cândida, additional, Rodrigues, Ana Maria, additional, Azevedo, Jacinta, additional, Alves, João, additional, Roxo, João, additional, Rocha, Miguel, additional, Côrte-Real, Rita, additional, Toscano, Cristina, additional, Pessanha, Maria Ana, additional, Nissan, Israel, additional, Pilo, Shlomo, additional, Rorman, Efrat, additional, Dveyrin, Zeev, additional, Paitan, Yossi, additional, Paran, Haim, additional, Wagner-Kolasko, Gal, additional, Beirnes, Jennifer, additional, Gibbons, Suzanne, additional, Severini, Alberto, additional, Borrego, Maria José, additional, and Gomes, João Paulo, additional

Published
2021
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44. The evolution of infectious agents in relation to sex in animals and humans: brief discussions of some individual organisms

Author

Reed, David L., Currier, Russell W., Walton, Shelley F., Conrad, Melissa, Sullivan, Steven A., Carlton, Jane M., Read, Timothy D., Severini, Alberto, Tyler, Shaun, Eberle, R., Johnson, Welkin E., Silvestri, Guido, Clarke, Ian N., Lagergård, Teresa, Lukehart, Sheila A., Unemo, Magnus, Shafer, William M., Beasley, Palmer R., Bergström, Tomas, Norberg, Peter, Davison, Andrew J., Sharp, Paul M., Hahn, Beatrice H., and Blomberg, Jonas

Published
2011
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46. Anal dysplasia and HIV shedding in ART-treated men

Author

Choi, Yoojin, primary, Salit, Irving, additional, Grech, Sarah, additional, Sano, Marie, additional, Weiss, Edward, additional, Kovacs, Colin, additional, Paquette, Rachelle, additional, Claudio, Marian, additional, Gibbons, Suzanne, additional, Severini, Alberto, additional, and Kaul, Rupert, additional

Published
2020
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47. Measles Antibody Levels in Young Infants

Author

Science, Michelle, primary, Savage, Rachel, additional, Severini, Alberto, additional, McLachlan, Elizabeth, additional, Hughes, Stephanie L., additional, Arnold, Callum, additional, Richardson, Susan, additional, Crowcroft, Natasha, additional, Deeks, Shelley, additional, Halperin, Scott, additional, Brown, Kevin, additional, Hatchette, Todd, additional, Gubbay, Jonathan, additional, Mazzulli, Tony, additional, and Bolotin, Shelly, additional

Published
2019
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48. What Is the Evidence to Support a Correlate of Protection for Measles? A Systematic Review

Author

Bolotin, Shelly, primary, Hughes, Stephanie L, primary, Gul, Nazish, primary, Khan, Sumaiya, primary, Rota, Paul A, primary, Severini, Alberto, primary, Hahné, Susan, primary, Tricco, Andrea, primary, Moss, William J, primary, Orenstein, Walter, primary, Turner, Nikki, primary, Durrheim, David, primary, Heffernan, Jane M, primary, and Crowcroft, Natasha, primary

Published
2019
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