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Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in the United States, underscoring the critical need to optimize treatment strategies. Compared to conventional treatments such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, targeted therapy stands out for its higher selectivity and minimal adverse effects. Among these, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the most widely used in targeted therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In our paper, we will conduct a comprehensive review of current literature on EGFR TKIs to contribute to advancements in molecular genomics and the treatment of lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]