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Introduction: The present study was designed to isolate Fucoidan from Sargassum wightii Greville and to evaluate its in-vitro anti cataract potential against galactose induced cataract in isolated goat lenses. Methods: Fucoidan was isolated from S. wightii Greville and its sulfate content was estimated through barium chloride method. Isolated goat lenses were divided into 5 groups as group-I (normal control- vehicle treated), group-II (disease control- galactose treated 55 mM), group-III (galactose 55 mM + standard-ascorbic acid 20 μg/mL), group-IV (galactose 55 mM + Fucoidan-20 μg/mL) and group-V (galactose 55 mM + Fucoidan 40 μg/mL) and incubated for 72 hours, respectively, and subjected to biochemical estimations. The opacity of lenses was also noted prior to biochemical estimation. Results: The percentage yield of isolated Fucoidan was found to be 0.65%. The extent of sulfation in the isolated Fucoidan was found to be as high as 33%. In high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) studies, Peak 3 with Rf value of 0.18 matched with the standard D-glucose Rf value. Galactose induced cataractous lenses showed significant oxidative stress when compared to normal lenses whereas treatment with Fucoidan 20 and 40 μg/mL significantly combated oxidative stress and prevented the development of cataract when compared to cataractous lenses. The results obtained with the treatment of Fucoidan were dose dependant and comparable to standard. Conclusion: The present study substantiates the claim of anti-cataract potential of Fucoidan, which may be correlated to its anti-oxidant property.

This study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of consecutive multiple-day dosing of palonosetron. Sixteen healthy subjects received an intravenous bolus dose of palonosetron 0.25 mg (n = 12) or placebo (n = 4) daily for 3 consecutive days. Safety was evaluated throughout the study. Serial plasma samples were collected on days 1 and 3 for pharmacokinetic determinations. Three days of dosing with palonosetron 0.25 mg was safe and well tolerated. There were no clinically significant changes from baseline in laboratory values, vital signs, physical examinations, or electrocardiogram intervals. Plasma palonosetron concentrations declined in a biphasic manner, measurable up to 168 hours after dosing on day 3. Mean terminal phase elimination half-life after day 3 dosing was 42.8 hours. The 2.1-fold accumulation of palonosetron in plasma following 3 daily doses was predictable based on elimination half-life of approximately 40 hours, and the maximum plasma concentration remained below the maximum plasma concentration previously observed after a single, well-tolerated 0.75 mg intravenous bolus dose of palonosetron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of the 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist eletriptan were characterized in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose escalation study. Healthy males received single oral doses of 10 to 120 mg. Following screening and baseline measurements, plasma and saliva eletriptan concentrations were measured at intervals over 48 hours and 24 hours, respectively. Samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Both the maximum plasma concentration and the area under the plasma eletriptan concentration-time curve showed an essentially linear relationship to the administered dose. Eletriptan exhibited a median time to maximum plasma concentration of 1 to 1.25 hours and a mean elimination half-life of 3.6 to 7.0 hours. Mean salivary-plasma ratios for pharmacokinetic parameters generally remained constant across the 30 to 90 mg dose range. Eletriptan was well tolerated, with mostly mild and transient adverse events. In conclusion, oral doses of eletriptan in the therapeutic range were rapidly absorbed and exhibited essentially linear plasma and saliva pharmacokinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A blockchain-enabled online-voting system is being proposed in this following paper. Blockchain technologies deliver an endless variety of applications that benefit from distributed economies. The proposed model is an android application that has enhanced security features which includes both authentication and authorization. Authentication is incorporated by using a unique identification key and authorization is done by using fingerprint. Voters are also being verified by One-time password. The security in this project is implemented by using a 128 bit AES encryption algorithm and SHA-256 along with blockchain. The vote is casted in the form of transaction, where a blockchain is created, which keeps track of tallies of votes. Through this atomicity and integrity are maintained. [4] Index Terms—Voting System , Blockchain , SHA-256, Security, AES-128, Ballot

Traumatic subperiosteal hematoma (SpH) usually presents late, after the initial trauma. It is generally seen in young males. Computed tomography is the best mode of imaging and helps to rule out orbital fracture or associated subdural hematoma. We present the clinical features and management of four patients seen at the orbit clinic with SpH. Management is based on time of presentation, visual acuity and any communicating bleed. The prognosis of traumatic SpH is excellent if treated with an individualized patient approach.

Colobomatous cyst of the orbit is a rare congenital cystic malformation associated with ocular maldevelopment. Usually, the cyst is associated with a microphthalmic globe. We present a rare case of a unilateral large colobomatous cyst associated with a normal-sized globe, giving the appearance of a double globe on imaging.

A 14-year-old boy presented with intractable diplopia for 10 days following an assault. A thorough history revealed that he was unaware of any penetrating injury. However, imaging demonstrated a radiolucent foreign body between the globe and the orbital floor. On surgical exploration, it was found to be the proximal part of a ball point pen. Its removal resulted in complete resolution of diplopia. Thorough clinical and radiological examination is recommended when a foreign body is suspected in pediatric patients. Prompt diagnosis will aid in early intervention and prevention of long-term complications.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common and potentially fatal condition. The case is presented of a young woman who presented to the emergency department with first-time seizures. On further investigation and corroborated by post-mortem findings, this was found to be a manifestation of PE. The purpose of this report is to highlight to the clinical community that PE can present in a varied fashion and that, because of this, its diagnosis can occasionally be delayed. Vigilance is advised and expert clinical acumen is needed in young non-smoking persons with previously normal respiratory physiology who present with signs and symptoms of respiratory compromise, irrespective of the predominant or masking presentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the effects of simvastatin on C-reactive protein (CRP) and other inflammatory markers in study subjects with significant elevations in triglyceride (TG) blood levels. CRP, vascular cellular adhesion molecule (VCAM), serum amyloid A (SAA), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured in archived plasma samples from 2 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies designed to examine the lipid-altering efficacy of simvastatin in study subjects with elevated TGs. In the first study, 130 study subjects with mixed hyperlipidemia (low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol > or =130 mg/dl; TGs 300 to 700 mg/dl) received placebo or simvastatin 40 or 80 mg once daily for three 6-week periods in a complete-block crossover design. In the second study, 195 study subjects with hypertriglyceridemia (TGs 300 to 900 mg/dl) received daily doses of placebo or simvastatin 20, 40, or 80 mg for 6 weeks. Significant but weak correlations were observed between baseline CRP values and baseline levels of LDL cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, but not with TGs. CRP was also correlated with body mass index and fasting levels of glucose and insulin. Treatment with simvastatin 20, 40, and 80 mg led to significant reductions in CRP plasma levels versus placebo (p <0.05). Although CRP change was weakly correlated with changes in LDL cholesterol, TGs, and HDL cholesterol, results of regression analyses showed that only baseline CRP and treatment allocation were significant predictors of CRP response after 6 weeks of study drug administration. Simvastatin had no effect on VCAM, SAA, or IL-6. In summary, simvastatin significantly reduced CRP in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]