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This research investigates the migration of Bisphenol A (BPA) from packaging containers into take-out vegetable soups and premixed tomato soups through three replicate studies. The samples underwent extraction using solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges, followed by separation on a C18 column. BPA concentrations in the soups were assessed at 15, 30, and 45-minute intervals, consistently revealing undetectable levels (

Abstract Background Globally, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on mental health. Sudden lifestyle changes, threatening information received through various sources, fear of infection and other stressors led to sleep disturbances such as insomnia. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of insomnia and its associated risk factors during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic among Singapore residents. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted online and in person, from May 2020 to June 2021, recruited Singapore citizens and permanent residents, aged 21 years and above, fluent in English, Chinese or Malay language. Respondents answered an interviewer-administered questionnaire, including Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), stress scale of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS), chronic conditions checklist and COVID-19 related stressors (exposure to COVID-19, current and future perceived risk of infection). Chi-squared test followed by stepwise logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine factors associated with insomnia. Results The study recruited 1129 respondents. Prevalence of insomnia was noted to be 7.4% in the sample. Insomnia was significantly associated with psychological distress- depression (p

Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death, has emerged as a crucial process in diverse pathophysiological states, encompassing cancer, neurodegenerative ailments, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. The glutathione (GSH)-dependent lipid peroxidation pathway, chiefly governed by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), assumes an essential part in driving ferroptosis. GPX4, as the principal orchestrator of ferroptosis, has garnered significant attention across cancer, cardiovascular, and neuroscience domains over the past decade. Noteworthy investigations have elucidated the indispensable functions of ferroptosis in numerous diseases, including tumorigenesis, wherein robust ferroptosis within cells can impede tumor advancement. Recent research has underscored the complex regulatory role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating the GSH-GPX4 network, thus influencing cellular susceptibility to ferroptosis. This exhaustive review endeavors to probe into the multifaceted processes by which ncRNAs control the GSH-GPX4 network in ferroptosis. Specifically, we delve into the functions of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in regulating GPX4 expression and impacting cellular susceptibility to ferroptosis. Moreover, we discuss the clinical implications of dysregulated interactions between ncRNAs and GPX4 in several conditions, underscoring their capacity as viable targets for therapeutic intervention. Additionally, the review explores emerging strategies aimed at targeting ncRNAs to modulate the GSH-GPX4 pathway and manipulate ferroptosis for therapeutic advantage. A comprehensive understanding of these intricate regulatory networks furnishes insights into innovative therapeutic avenues for diseases associated with perturbed ferroptosis, thereby laying the groundwork for therapeutic interventions targeting ncRNAs in ferroptosis-related pathological conditions.

Introduction: Individuals with psychiatric disorders tend to report having poorer bonds with their parents during their early years. These individuals often experience lower quality of life as well. This study investigated the associations between aspects of parental bonding and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a clinical sample of youths. It was hypothesised that high parental care and low parental overprotectiveness would be associated with higher levels of HRQOL. Methods: Data were obtained from a larger cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 400 psychiatric outpatients: 191 patients aged 14–21 (mean ± standard deviation 18.1 ± 2.22) years and 209 patients aged 22–35 (28.0 ± 4.33) years. The Parental Bonding Instrument was used to measure parental care and overprotectiveness. Short Form-12 measured physical health (physical component summary [PCS]) and mental health (mental component summary [MCS]) components of HRQOL, and the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire assessed depressive symptoms. These scales and a sociodemographic form were self-administered. Multivariable linear regression was used for analysis. Results: About half of the sample reported affectionless control for mothers (46.6%) and fathers (45.9%). After controlling for sociodemographic variables, no significant relationship was found between aspects of parental bonding and PCS scores. Maternal care was associated with MCS scores (β = 0.32, P < 0.01) and PHQ-8 scores (β = -0.12, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that youths who experienced quality care from their mothers exhibit better mental health functioning despite their clinical diagnoses, which suggests that early maternal care exerts an overall long-term protective effect. Early parental education that promotes positive parenting practices could improve the overall HRQOL of individuals in adulthood despite their clinical diagnoses.

Angiogenesis is a process involved in the formation of new blood capillaries from pre-existing ones. It is regulated by several anti-angiogenic molecules involved in tumor growth and metastasis. The endothelial angiopoietin Ang-Tie/PI3K/AKT growth receptor pathway is necessary for healthy vascular development. The activation of AKT is controlled by a multistep process involving phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). This article aims to provide an overview of the role and mechanism of the Ang-Tie/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways and the potential of flavonoids as anti-angiogenic drugs. Flavonoids have shown great potential in preventing angiogenesis by targeting signaling pathways and exhibit additional anti-cancer properties. Research studies have revealed that the currently available anti-angiogenic drugs do not meet the safety and efficacy standards for treating tumor growth. Phytocompounds have long been a valuable resource for the development of novel therapeutic drugs. This article explores recent findings explaining the role and mechanism of the Ang-Tie/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, as well as the interaction of flavonoids with angiogenic signaling pathways as a novel therapeutic approach. Several investigations have shown that synergistic studies of natural phytocompounds have great potential to target these pathways to inhibit tumor growth. Therefore, flavonoid-based medications may offer a more effective synergistic strategy to treat cancer.

Abstract Background At the onset of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic when pharmaceutical interventions were not readily available, governments relied on public health mandates and social distancing measures to counter rising infection rates. In order to address the dearth of longitudinal studies, this study sought to identify factors associated with continued adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviours in Singapore. Methods Data were from a two-wave longitudinal cohort study; baseline study was conducted from May 2020 to June 2021 and follow-up study from October 2021 to September 2022. Participants (n = 858) were Singapore residents, aged 18 and above, and able to speak English, Chinese or Malay. Weighted multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to identify factors associated with adherence to the COVID-19 measures. Results Adherence rates of ‘avoid dining out’, ‘crowded places’, ‘people with flu symptoms’ and ‘small group gatherings’ at baseline were 39.41%, 60.82%, 79.82%, and 44.82% respectively. All measures had a decrease in adherence rates across the two-waves. Older age groups were associated with greater adherence to ‘avoid dining out’ and ‘avoid crowded places’. Having high trust in local public health experts was associated with greater adherence to ‘avoid crowded places’ and ‘avoid people with flu symptoms’. Fear of family and friends getting infected with COVID-19 was associated with ‘avoid dining out’ and ‘avoid crowded places’. Conclusions Soft interventions like nudges can be implemented at crowded places to remind the public of the ease of transmitting the virus to their loved ones. Increasing media presence of public health experts can be a viable alternative to improve adherence.

Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate how regulatory frameworks and policies are used to support the use of sustainable medicines within the pharmaceutical sector. Methods: The Scopus database was searched to retrieve papers. Advanced search tool of the Scopus online database was used focused on the papers that have the search query included in their titles. Data analysis incorporated bibliometric indicators like publication counts and trends, visualized through VOSviewer software version 1.6.20. Key findings: A total of 43 publications on Sustainable Medicines Use were found between 2000 and 2024. Leading countries in publication output on sustainable medicines use were United Kingdom, United States, India, Italy, Portugal, and Switzerland, indicating their collaborative relationships and publication volumes. A total of 92 institutions have been involved in research on Sustainable Medicines Use. Key institutions such as the Faculty of Engineering and the Laboratory for Process and Environmental Engineering, Lowell Center for Sustainable Production, Greiner Environmental Inc., and the University of Florence are prominently featured, indicating their significant contributions to research in this area. Key journals such as the “Journal of Cleaner Production,” “Business Strategy and the Environment,” “Chemical Engineering Transactions,” “Benchmarking,” and “Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering” are prominently featured. The retrieved articles have been cited an average count of 22.26. The overlay visualization created using VOSviewer suggest a shift towards exploring new drug categories, innovative approaches, and the commercial aspects of sustainability. Future research directions are likely to delve deeper into innovative methods and sustainable chemical practices (green chemistry), reflecting an emphasis on developing greener processes and products. Conclusion: This study offers a thorough analysis of the legislative and governmental strategies promoting the use of sustainable medicine. It offers important insights for promoting sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry by pointing out gaps, defining useful frameworks, and suggesting doable solutions. Achieving sustainable pharmaceutical practices that support worldwide environmental and public health objectives requires sustained research, policy development, and international cooperation. The area needs to keep developing and implementing sustainable methods like green chemistry to decrease environmental harm and improve sustainability. Furthermore, collaborations among academia, industry, and international organizations are essential to progress and interchange effective strategies.

Epigenetic processes are the critical events in carcinogenesis. Histone modification plays a crucial role in gene expression regulation, where histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key players in epigenetic processes. Inhibiting HDACs has shown promise in modern cancer therapy. However, the non-selective nature and drug resistance of most HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) limits their clinical use. This limitation prompts a search for isoform-selective and more effective inhibitors. Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is a member of the class I HDAC family and has emerged as a promising target in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Drug repurposing has gained significant interest in identifying treatments for new targets, which involves finding new uses for existing drugs beyond their original medical indications. Here, we employed virtual screening of repurposed drugs from the DrugBank database to identify potential HDAC1 inhibitors. We conducted a series of analyses, including molecular docking, drug profiling, PASS evaluation, and interaction analysis. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and MM-PBSA analysis were also performed for 300 ns. Through these analyses, we pinpointed Alectinib, which exhibits a promising drug profile in PASS analysis and higher affinity and efficiency for HDAC1 than the reference inhibitor. MD simulations revealed that Alectinib stabilizes HDAC1 with minimal structural perturbations. The findings suggest that Alectinib holds promise as a therapeutic lead for HDAC1-associated carcinogenesis after required validation.

Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun,1,2 Sabaa Saleh Al-Hemyari,1,3 Moyad Shahwan,4,5 Sumaya Abdulrahman Jairoun,6 Nasser M Alorfi,7 Sa’ed H Zyoud,8,9 Abdulhaq A Suliman,5,10 Manar Khalil Shahwan,4,5 Ghala Alnuaimi,4 Monzer Shahwan,11 Tariq Al-Qirim,12 Faris El-Dahiyat13,14 1Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang, 11500, Malaysia; 2Health and Safety Department, Dubai Municipality, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; 3Pharmacy Department, Emirates Health Services, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; 4College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates; 5Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; 6Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Al Mizhar Dubai, United Arab Emirates; 7Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; 8Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine; 9Clinical Research Centre, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, 44839, Palestine; 10College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; 11Diabetes Clinic, AL-Swity Center for Dermatology and Chronic Diseases, Ramallah, 972, Palestine; 12Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan; 13Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, 64141, United Arab Emirates; 14AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, 112612, United Arab EmiratesCorrespondence: Moyad Shahwan; Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun, Tel +971558099957, Email m.shahwan@ajman.ac.ae; dr_ammar_91_@hotmail.comBackground: Providing accurate and sufficient information is a crucial requirement for delivering effective diabetes care, making it essential for community pharmacists to possess adequate knowledge of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its management.Objective: To investigate community pharmacists’ level of expertise and engagement in providing counseling and health promotion services for individuals with DM in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. The community Pharmacies were chosen via random sampling and researchers then conducted face-to-face interviews with them using the structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included demographic data, 14 questions on the knowledge and 9 questions about the practice concerning pharmaceutical care for Diabetes Mellitus.Results: The average age ± SD was 31 ± 6.3. Of the total 516 community pharmacists recruited in the study, 37.2% (n=192) were male and 62.8% (n=324) were female. The average knowledge score about DM prevention and management was 9.7 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [9.5, 9.9] and the average practice score about DM prevention and management was 7.1 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [6.9, 7.2]. Better knowledge scores were observed in chief pharmacists (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.08– 1.56), pharmacists with 6– 10 Years of experience (OR 6.92; 95% CI 3.43– 8.86), pharmacist with > 10 years of experience (OR 1.99; 95% CI 1.67– 2.36), when the number of patients the pharmacist serve is 5– 10 (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.06– 1.53) and being trained on DM prevention and management (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.92– 2.47). Similarly, better practice scores were observed in older participants (OR1.02; 95% CI 1.001– 1.03), chain pharmacies (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.20– 1.68), chief pharmacists (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.18– 2.06), when the number of patients the pharmacists serve was 5– 10 (OR 12.26; 95% CI 7.26– 16.19), when the number of patients the pharmacists serve was 11– 20 (OR 4.23; 95% CI 3.54– 5.06) and being trained on DM prevention and management (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.11– 1.59). The most commonly reported barriers to providing counseling and health promotion services for diabetes mellitus (DM) in community pharmacies include a lack of coordination with other healthcare professionals (77%) and insufficient knowledge or clinical skills (68.7%).Conclusion: Our study revealed that community pharmacy staff members displayed a noteworthy level of involvement in providing pharmaceutical care services for patients with diabetes mellitus. Based on these findings, it is recommended to enhance pharmacy education by incorporating more advanced, evidence-based training and curricula focusing on disease management and appropriate therapies, particularly for diabetes.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, knowledge, practice, pharmaceutical care, type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetes care and community pharmacies