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1. Low HIV drug resistance prevalence among recently diagnosed HIV‐positive men who have sex with men in a setting of high PrEP use

Author

King, Jonathan M., Di Giallonardo, Francesca, Shaik, Ansari, Mcgregor, Skye, Yeung, Julie Yuek Kee, Sivaruban, Tharshini, Lee, Frederick J., Cunningham, Philip, Dwyer, Dominic E., Nigro, Steven J., Grulich, Andrew E., and Kelleher, Anthony D.

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Drug therapy, Genomics, Drug resistance -- Drug therapy, Highly active antiretroviral therapy, Emtricitabine, DNA polymerases, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: New South Wales (NSW) has one of the world's highest uptake rates of HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). This uptake has been credited with sharp declines in HIV transmission, particularly among Australian‐born gay and bisexual men. Concerns have been raised around the potential for the emergence of tenofovir (TFV) and XTC (lamivudine/emtricitabine) resistance in settings of high PrEP use. Such an emergence could also increase treatment failure and associated clinical outcomes among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Despite low levels of nucleoside reverse‐transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance relating to PrEP use in clinical settings, there are few published studies describing the prevalence of NRTI resistance among people newly diagnosed with HIV in a setting of high PrEP use. Methods: Using HIV antiretroviral drug resistance data linked to NSW HIV notifications records of people diagnosed from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2021 and with HIV attributed to male‐to‐male sex, we described trends in TFV and XTC resistance. Resistance was identified using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance genotypic resistance interpretation system. To focus on transmitted drug resistance, resistance prevalence estimates were generated using sequences taken less than 3 months post‐HIV diagnosis. These estimates were stratified by timing of sequencing relative to the date of diagnosis, year of sequencing, birthplace, likely place of HIV acquisition, and stage of HIV at diagnosis. Results: Among 1119 diagnoses linked to HIV genomes sequenced less than 3 months following diagnosis, overall XTC resistance prevalence was 1.3%. Between 2015 and 2021, XTC resistance fluctuated between 0.5% to 2.9% and was 1.0% in 2021. No TFV resistance was found over the study period in any of the sequences analysed. Higher XTC resistance prevalence was observed among people with newly acquired HIV (evidence of HIV acquisition in the 12 months prior to diagnosis; 2.9%, p = 0.008). Conclusions: In this Australian setting, TFV and XTC resistance prevalence in new HIV diagnoses remained low. Our findings offer further evidence for the safe scale‐up of PrEP in high‐income settings, without jeopardizing the treatment of those living with HIV., INTRODUCTION Australia has made remarkable progress in its effort to meet the UNAIDS 2030 target of ending AIDS as a public health threat with HIV diagnoses attributed to male‐to‐male sex [...]

Published
2024
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2. The HIV-1 proviral landscape reveals Nef contributes to HIV-1 persistence in effector memory CD4+ T-cells

Author

Duette, Gabriel, Hiener, Bonnie, Morgan, Hannah, Mazur, Fernando G, Mathivanan, Vennila, Horsburgh, Bethany A, Fisher, Katie, Tong, Orion, Lee, Eunok, Ahn, Haelee, Shaik, Ansari, Fromentin, Rémi, Hoh, Rebecca, Bacchus-Souffan, Charline, Nasr, Najla, Cunningham, Anthony, Hunt, Peter W, Chomont, Nicolas, Turville, Stuart G, Deeks, Steven G, Kelleher, Anthony D, Schlub, Timothy E, and Palmer, Sarah

Subjects
HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Infection, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, DNA, Viral, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Proviruses, Viral Load, nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, AIDS/HIV, Adaptive immunity, Infectious disease, Molecular genetics, T cells, Medical and Health Sciences, Immunology
Abstract

Despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 persists within a reservoir of CD4+ T cells that contribute to viral rebound if treatment is interrupted. Identifying the cellular populations that contribute to the HIV-1 reservoir and understanding the mechanisms of viral persistence are necessary to achieve an effective cure. In this regard, through Full-Length Individual Proviral Sequencing, we observed that the HIV-1 proviral landscape was different and changed with time on ART across naive and memory CD4+ T cell subsets isolated from 24 participants. We found that the proportion of genetically intact HIV-1 proviruses was higher and persisted over time in effector memory CD4+ T cells when compared with naive, central, and transitional memory CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, we found that escape mutations remained stable over time within effector memory T cells during therapy. Finally, we provided evidence that Nef plays a role in the persistence of genetically intact HIV-1. These findings posit effector memory T cells as a key component of the HIV-1 reservoir and suggest Nef as an attractive therapeutic target.

Published
2022

4. Global and regional epidemiology of HIV-1 recombinants in 1990–2015: a systematic review and global survey

Author

Abimiku, Alash'le G, Agwale, Simon, Archibald, Chris, Avidor, Boaz, Barbás, María Gabriela, Barre-Sinoussi, Francoise, Barugahare, Banson, Belabbes, El Hadj, Bertagnolio, Silvia, Birx, Deborah, Bobkov, Aleksei F, Brandful, James, Bredell, Helba, Brennan, Catherine A, Brooks, James, Bruckova, Marie, Buonaguro, Luigi, Buonaguro, Franco, Buttò, Stefano, Buvé, Anne, Campbell, Mary, Carr, Jean, Carrera, Alex, Carrillo, Manuel Gómez, Celum, Connie, Chaplin, Beth, Charles, Macarthur, Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrios, Chen, Zhiwei, Chijiwa, Katsumi, Cooper, David, Cunningham, Philip, Dagnra, Anoumou, de Gascun, Cillian F, Del Amo, Julia, Delgado, Elena, Dietrich, Ursula, Dwyer, Dominic, Ellenberger, Dennis, Ensoli, Barbara, Essex, Max, Gao, Feng, Fleury, Hervé, Fonjungo, Peter N, Foulongne, Vincent, Gadkari, Deepak A, García, Federico, Garsia, Roger, Gershy-Damet, Guy Michel, Glynn, Judith R, Goodall, Ruth, Grossman, Zehava, Lindenmeyer-Guimarães, Monick, Hahn, Beatrice, Hamers, Raph L, Hamouda, Osamah, Handema, Ray, He, Xiang, Herbeck, Joshua, Ho, David D, Holguin, Africa, Hosseinipour, Mina, Hunt, Gillian, Ito, Masahiko, Bel Hadj Kacem, Mohamed Ali, Kahle, Erin, Kaleebu, Pontiano, Kalish, Marcia, Kamarulzaman, Adeeba, Kang, Chun, Kanki, Phyllis, Karamov, Edward, Karasi, Jean-Claude, Kayitenkore, Kayitesi, Kelleher, Tony, Kitayaporn, Dwip, Kostrikis, Leondios G, Kucherer, Claudia, Lara, Claudia, Leitner, Thomas, Liitsola, Kirsi, Lingappa, Jai, Linka, Marek, Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette, Lukashov, Vladimir, Maayan, Shlomo, Mayr, Luzia, McCutchan, Francine, Meda, Nicolas, Menu, Elisabeth, Mhalu, Fred, Mloka, Doreen, Mokili, John L, Montes, Brigitte, Mor, Orna, Morgado, Mariza, Mosha, Fausta, Moussi, Awatef, Mullins, James, Najera, Rafael, Nasr, Mejda, Ndembi, Nicaise, Neilson, Joel R, Nerurkar, Vivek R, Neuhann, Florian, Nolte, Claudine, Novitsky, Vlad, Nyambi, Philippe, Ofner, Marianna, Paladin, Fem J, Papa, Anna, Pape, Jean, Parkin, Neil, Parry, Chris, Peeters, Martine, Pelletier, Alexandra, Pérez-Álvarez, Lucía, Pillay, Deenan, Pinto, Angie, Quang, Trinh Duy, Rademeyer, Cecilia, Raikanikoda, Filimone, Rayfield, Mark A, Reynes, Jean-Marc, Rinke de Wit, Tobias, Robbins, Kenneth E, Rolland, Morgane, Rousseau, Christine, Salazar-Gonzales, Jesus, Salem, Hanan, Salminen, Mika, Salomon, Horacio, Sandstrom, Paul, Santiago, Mario L, Sarr, Abdoulaye D, Schroeder, Bryan, Segondy, Michel, Selhorst, Philippe, Sempala, Sylvester, Servais, Jean, Shaik, Ansari, Shao, Yiming, Slim, Amine, Soares, Marcelo A, Songok, Elijah, Stewart, Debbie, Stokes, Julie, Subbarao, Shambavi, Sutthent, Ruengpung, Takehisa, Jun, Tanuri, Amilcar, Tee, Kok Keng, Thapa, Kiran, Thomson, Michael, Tran, Tyna, Urassa, Willy, Ushijima, Hiroshi, van de Perre, Philippe, van der Groen, Guido, van Laethem, Kristel, van Oosterhout, Joep, van Sighem, Ard, van Wijngaerden, Eric, Vandamme, Anne-Mieke, Vercauteren, Jurgen, Vidal, Nicole, Wallace, Lesley, Williamson, Carolyn, Wolday, Dawit, Xu, Jianqing, Yang, Chunfu, Zhang, Linqi, Zhang, Rong, Hemelaar, Joris, Elangovan, Ramyiadarsini, Yun, Jason, Dickson-Tetteh, Leslie, Kirtley, Shona, Gouws-Williams, Eleanor, and Ghys, Peter D

Published
2020
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5. Subtype-specific differences in transmission cluster dynamics of HIV-1 B and CRF01_AE in New South Wales, Australia

Author

Giallonardo, Francesca Di, Pinto, Angie N., Keen, Phillip, Shaik, Ansari, Carrera, Alex, Salem, Hanan, Selvey, Christine, Nigro, Steven J., Fraser, Neil, Price, Karen, Holden, Joanne, Lee, Frederick J., Dwyer, Dominic E., Bavinton, Benjamin R., Geoghegan, Jemma L., Grulich, Andrew E., and Kelleher, Anthony D.

Subjects
Epidemics -- Distribution -- Risk factors -- Australia, Disease transmission -- Distribution -- Risk factors, HIV infection -- Distribution -- Risk factors -- Varieties, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) pandemic is characterized by numerous distinct sub-epidemics (clusters) that continually fuel local transmission. The aims of this study were to identify active growing clusters, to understand which factors most influence the transmission dynamics, how these vary between different subtypes and how this information might contribute to effective public health responses. Methods: We used HIV-1 genomic sequence data linked to demographic factors that accounted for approximately 70% of all new HIV-1 notifications in New South Wales (NSW). We assessed differences in transmission cluster dynamics between subtype B and circulating recombinant form 01AE (CRF01AE). Separate phylogenetic trees were estimated using 2919 subtype B and 473 CRF01AE sequences sampled between 2004 and 2018 in combination with global sequence data and NSW-specific clades were classified as clusters, pairs or singletons. Significant differences in demographics between subtypes were assessed with Chi-Square statistics. Results: We identified 104 subtype B and 11 CRF01AE growing clusters containing a maximum of 29 and 11 sequences for subtype B and CRF01AE respectively. We observed a > 2-fold increase in the number of NSW-specific CRF01AE clades over time. Subtype B clusters were associated with individuals reporting men who have sex with men (MSM) as their transmission risk factor, being born in Australia, and being diagnosed during the early stage of infection (p < 0.01). CRF01AE infections clusters were associated with infections among individuals diagnosed during the early stage of infection (p < 0.05) and CRF01AE singletons were more likely to be from infections among individuals reporting heterosexual transmission (p < 0.05). We found six subtype B clusters with an above-average growth rate (>1.5 sequences / 6-months) and which consisted of a majority of infections among MSM. We also found four active growing CRF01AE clusters containing only infections among MSM. Finally, we found 47 subtype B and seven CRF01AE clusters that contained a large gap in time (>1 year) between infections and may be indicative of intermediate transmissions via undiagnosed individuals. Conclusions: The large number of active and growing clusters among MSM are the driving force of the ongoing epidemic in NSW for subtype B and CRF01AE. Keywords: HIV1; transmission cluster; subtype B and CRF01AE; demographic differences; early infections; public health, 1 | INTRODUCTION Australia is at the forefront of successful control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission due to rapid and comprehensive public health responses from the beginning [...]

Published
2021
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6. Global and regional molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, 1990–2015: a systematic review, global survey, and trend analysis

Author

Abimiku, Alash'le G, Agwale, Simon, Archibald, Chris, Avidor, Boaz, Barbás, María Gabriela, Barre-Sinoussi, Francoise, Barugahare, Banson, Belabbes, El Hadj, Bertagnolio, Silvia, Birx, Deborah, Bobkov, Aleksei F, Brandful, James, Bredell, Helba, Brennan, Catherine A, Brooks, James, Bruckova, Marie, Buonaguro, Luigi, Buonaguro, Franco, Buttò, Stefano, Buve, Anne, Campbell, Mary, Carr, Jean, Carrera, Alex, Carrillo, Manuel Gómez, Celum, Connie, Chaplin, Beth, Charles, Macarthur, Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrios, Chen, Zhiwei, Chijiwa, Katsumi, Cooper, David, Cunningham, Philip, Dagnra, Anoumou, de Gascun, Cillian F, Del Amo, Julia, Delgado, Elena, Dietrich, Ursula, Dwyer, Dominic, Ellenberger, Dennis, Ensoli, Barbara, Essex, Max, Gao, Feng, Fleury, Herve, Fonjungo, Peter N, Foulongne, Vincent, Gadkari, Deepak A, García, Federico, Garsia, Roger, Gershy-Damet, Guy Michel, Glynn, Judith R, Goodall, Ruth, Grossman, Zehava, Lindenmeyer-Guimarães, Monick, Hahn, Beatrice, Hamers, Raph L, Hamouda, Osamah, Handema, Ray, He, Xiang, Herbeck, Joshua, Ho, David D, Holguin, Africa, Hosseinipour, Mina, Hunt, Gillian, Ito, Masahiko, Bel Hadj Kacem, Mohamed Ali, Kahle, Erin, Kaleebu, Pontiano Kaleebu, Kalish, Marcia, Kamarulzaman, Adeeba, Kang, Chun, Kanki, Phyllis, Karamov, Edward, Karasi, Jean-Claude, Kayitenkore, Kayitesi, Kelleher, Tony, Kitayaporn, Dwip, Kostrikis, Leondios G, Kucherer, Claudia, Lara, Claudia, Leitner, Thomas, Liitsola, Kirsi, Lingappa, Jai, Linka, Marek, Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette, Lukashov, Vladimir, Maayan, Shlomo, Mayr, Luzia, McCutchan, Francine, Meda, Nicolas, Menu, Elisabeth, Mhalu, Fred, Mloka, Doreen, Mokili, John L, Montes, Brigitte, Mor, Orna, Morgado, Mariza, Mosha, Fausta, Moussi, Awatef, Mullins, James, Najera, Rafael, Nasr, Mejda, Ndembi, Nicaise, Neilson, Joel R, Nerurkar, Vivek R, Neuhann, Florian, Nolte, Claudine, Novitsky, Vlad, Nyambi, Philippe, Ofner, Marianna, Paladin, Fem J, Papa, Anna, Pape, Jean, Parkin, Neil, Parry, Chris, Peeters, Martine, Pelletier, Alexandra, Pérez-Álvarez, Lucía, Pillay, Deenan, Pinto, Angie, Quang, Trinh Duy, Rademeyer, Cecilia, Raikanikoda, Filimone, Rayfield, Mark A, Reynes, Jean-Marc, Rinke de Wit, Tobias, Robbins, Kenneth E, Rolland, Morgane, Rousseau, Christine, Salazar-Gonzales, Jesus, Salem, Hanan, Salminen, Mika, Salomon, Horacio, Sandstrom, Paul, Santiago, Mario L, Sarr, Abdoulaye D, Schroeder, Bryan, Segondy, Michel, Selhorst, Philippe, Sempala, Sylvester, Servais, Jean, Shaik, Ansari, Shao, Yiming, Slim, Amine, Soares, Marcelo A, Songok, Elijah, Stewart, Debbie, Stokes, Julie, Subbarao, Shambavi, Sutthent, Ruengpung, Takehisa, Jun, Tanuri, Amilcar, Tee, Kok Keng, Thapa, Kiran, Thomson, Michael, Tran, Tyna, Urassa, Willy, Ushijima, Hiroshi, van de Perre, Philippe, van der Groen, Guido, van Laethem, Kristel, van Oosterhout, Joep, van Sighem, Ard, van Wijngaerden, Eric, Vandamme, Anne-Mieke, Vercauteren, Jurgen, Vidal, Nicole, Wallace, Lesley, Williamson, Carolyn, Wolday, Dawit, Xu, Jianqing, Yang, Chunfu, Zhang, Linqi, Zhang, Rong, Hemelaar, Joris, Elangovan, Ramyiadarsini, Yun, Jason, Dickson-Tetteh, Leslie, Fleminger, Isabella, Kirtley, Shona, Williams, Brian, Gouws-Williams, Eleanor, and Ghys, Peter D

Published
2019
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7. The HIV-1 proviral landscape reveals that Nef contributes to HIV-1 persistence in effector memory [CD4.sup.+] T cells

Author

Duette, Gabriel, Hiener, Bonnie, Morgan, Hannah, Mazur, Fernando G., Mathivanan, Vennila, Horsburgh, Bethany A., Fisher, Katie, Tong, Orion, Lee, Eunok, Ahn, Haelee, Shaik, Ansari, Fromentin, Remi, Hoh, Rebecca, Bacchus-Souffan, Charline, Nasr, Najla, Cunningham, Anthony L., Hunt, Peter W., Chomont, Nicolas, Turville, Stuart G., Deeks, Steven G., Kelleher, Anthony D., Schlub, Timothy E., and Palmer, Sarah

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Genetic aspects, Immunologic memory -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects, T cells -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects, Antiviral agents -- Patient outcomes, Viral proteins -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects, HIV infection -- Development and progression -- Care and treatment -- Genetic aspects, Health care industry
Abstract

Despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 persists within a reservoir of [CD4.sup.+] T cells that contribute to viral rebound if treatment is interrupted. Identifying the cellular populations that contribute to the HIV-1 reservoir and understanding the mechanisms of viral persistence are necessary to achieve an effective cure. In this regard, through Full-Length Individual Proviral Sequencing, we observed that the HIV-1 proviral landscape was different and changed with time on ART across naive and memory [CD4.sup.+] T cell subsets isolated from 24 participants. We found that the proportion of genetically intact HIV-1 proviruses was higher and persisted over time in effector memory [CD4.sup.+] T cells when compared with naive, central, and transitional memory [CD4.sup.+] T cells. Interestingly, we found that escape mutations remained stable over time within effector memory T cells during therapy. Finally, we provided evidence that Nef plays a role in the persistence of genetically intact HIV-1. These findings posit effector memory T cells as a key component of the HIV-1 reservoir and suggest Nef as an attractive therapeutic target., Introduction Genetic characterization of HIV-1 proviruses isolated from individuals on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) has revealed that 2%-8% of persistent HIV-1 is genetically intact and potentially replication competent (1-6). Replication-competent [...]

Published
2022
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8. Subtype-specific differences in transmission cluster dynamics of HIV-1 B and CRF01_AE in New South Wales, Australia

Author

Di Giallonardo, Francesca, Pinto, Angie N., Keen, Phillip, Shaik, Ansari, Carrera, Alex, Salem, Hanan, Selvey, Christine, Nigro, Steven J., Fraser, Neil, Price, Karen, Holden, Joanne, Lee, Frederick J., Dwyer, Dominic E., Bavinton, Benjamin R., Geoghegan, Jemma L., Grulich, Andrew E., and Kelleher, Anthony D.

Subjects
Phylogeny -- Analysis, MSM (Men who have sex with men) -- Health aspects -- Social aspects, HIV infection -- Risk factors -- Prevention, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV‐1) pandemic is characterized by numerous distinct sub‐epidemics (clusters) that continually fuel local transmission. The aims of this study were to identify active growing clusters, to understand which factors most influence the transmission dynamics, how these vary between different subtypes and how this information might contribute to effective public health responses. Methods: We used HIV‐1 genomic sequence data linked to demographic factors that accounted for approximately 70% of all new HIV‐1 notifications in New South Wales (NSW). We assessed differences in transmission cluster dynamics between subtype B and circulating recombinant form 01_AE (CRF01_AE). Separate phylogenetic trees were estimated using 2919 subtype B and 473 CRF01_AE sequences sampled between 2004 and 2018 in combination with global sequence data and NSW‐specific clades were classified as clusters, pairs or singletons. Significant differences in demographics between subtypes were assessed with Chi‐Square statistics. Results: We identified 104 subtype B and 11 CRF01_AE growing clusters containing a maximum of 29 and 11 sequences for subtype B and CRF01_AE respectively. We observed a > 2‐fold increase in the number of NSW‐specific CRF01_AE clades over time. Subtype B clusters were associated with individuals reporting men who have sex with men (MSM) as their transmission risk factor, being born in Australia, and being diagnosed during the early stage of infection (p < 0.01). CRF01_AE infections clusters were associated with infections among individuals diagnosed during the early stage of infection (p < 0.05) and CRF01_AE singletons were more likely to be from infections among individuals reporting heterosexual transmission (p < 0.05). We found six subtype B clusters with an above‐average growth rate (>1.5 sequences / 6‐months) and which consisted of a majority of infections among MSM. We also found four active growing CRF01_AE clusters containing only infections among MSM. Finally, we found 47 subtype B and seven CRF01_AE clusters that contained a large gap in time (>1 year) between infections and may be indicative of intermediate transmissions via undiagnosed individuals. Conclusions: The large number of active and growing clusters among MSM are the driving force of the ongoing epidemic in NSW for subtype B and CRF01_AE., Introduction Australia is at the forefront of successful control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) transmission due to rapid and comprehensive public health responses from the beginning of the [...]

Published
2021
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10. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTACULAR PROGRESSIVE IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES & COMPUTING (ICSPEC 2021)INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTACULAR PROGRESSIVE IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES & COMPUTING (ICSPEC 2021)

Author

Mirza Nayeem, Srikanth N, Vinod Kumar Reddy M, Lakshmi R, Sharath Chandra I, Shaik Ansari, Venkatessulu S, Anjaiah A, and Senthil Kumar S k

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The exceptional growth in the number of credit card transactions, especially for online purchases, has recently led to a substantial rise in fraudulent activities. Credit card security is a major concern for any business establishment. With that in mind, it is hard to identify the credit card fraud. Implementation of efficient fraud detection systems has thus become imperative for all credit card issuing banks to minimize their losses.

Published
2021

11. Global and regional epidemiology of HIV-1 recombinants in 1990–2015: a systematic review and global survey

Author

Hemelaar, Joris, primary, Elangovan, Ramyiadarsini, additional, Yun, Jason, additional, Dickson-Tetteh, Leslie, additional, Kirtley, Shona, additional, Gouws-Williams, Eleanor, additional, Ghys, Peter D, additional, Abimiku, Alash'le G, additional, Agwale, Simon, additional, Archibald, Chris, additional, Avidor, Boaz, additional, Barbás, María Gabriela, additional, Barre-Sinoussi, Francoise, additional, Barugahare, Banson, additional, Belabbes, El Hadj, additional, Bertagnolio, Silvia, additional, Birx, Deborah, additional, Bobkov, Aleksei F, additional, Brandful, James, additional, Bredell, Helba, additional, Brennan, Catherine A, additional, Brooks, James, additional, Bruckova, Marie, additional, Buonaguro, Luigi, additional, Buonaguro, Franco, additional, Buttò, Stefano, additional, Buvé, Anne, additional, Campbell, Mary, additional, Carr, Jean, additional, Carrera, Alex, additional, Carrillo, Manuel Gómez, additional, Celum, Connie, additional, Chaplin, Beth, additional, Charles, Macarthur, additional, Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrios, additional, Chen, Zhiwei, additional, Chijiwa, Katsumi, additional, Cooper, David, additional, Cunningham, Philip, additional, Dagnra, Anoumou, additional, de Gascun, Cillian F, additional, Del Amo, Julia, additional, Delgado, Elena, additional, Dietrich, Ursula, additional, Dwyer, Dominic, additional, Ellenberger, Dennis, additional, Ensoli, Barbara, additional, Essex, Max, additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Fleury, Hervé, additional, Fonjungo, Peter N, additional, Foulongne, Vincent, additional, Gadkari, Deepak A, additional, García, Federico, additional, Garsia, Roger, additional, Gershy-Damet, Guy Michel, additional, Glynn, Judith R, additional, Goodall, Ruth, additional, Grossman, Zehava, additional, Lindenmeyer-Guimarães, Monick, additional, Hahn, Beatrice, additional, Hamers, Raph L, additional, Hamouda, Osamah, additional, Handema, Ray, additional, He, Xiang, additional, Herbeck, Joshua, additional, Ho, David D, additional, Holguin, Africa, additional, Hosseinipour, Mina, additional, Hunt, Gillian, additional, Ito, Masahiko, additional, Bel Hadj Kacem, Mohamed Ali, additional, Kahle, Erin, additional, Kaleebu, Pontiano, additional, Kalish, Marcia, additional, Kamarulzaman, Adeeba, additional, Kang, Chun, additional, Kanki, Phyllis, additional, Karamov, Edward, additional, Karasi, Jean-Claude, additional, Kayitenkore, Kayitesi, additional, Kelleher, Tony, additional, Kitayaporn, Dwip, additional, Kostrikis, Leondios G, additional, Kucherer, Claudia, additional, Lara, Claudia, additional, Leitner, Thomas, additional, Liitsola, Kirsi, additional, Lingappa, Jai, additional, Linka, Marek, additional, Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette, additional, Lukashov, Vladimir, additional, Maayan, Shlomo, additional, Mayr, Luzia, additional, McCutchan, Francine, additional, Meda, Nicolas, additional, Menu, Elisabeth, additional, Mhalu, Fred, additional, Mloka, Doreen, additional, Mokili, John L, additional, Montes, Brigitte, additional, Mor, Orna, additional, Morgado, Mariza, additional, Mosha, Fausta, additional, Moussi, Awatef, additional, Mullins, James, additional, Najera, Rafael, additional, Nasr, Mejda, additional, Ndembi, Nicaise, additional, Neilson, Joel R, additional, Nerurkar, Vivek R, additional, Neuhann, Florian, additional, Nolte, Claudine, additional, Novitsky, Vlad, additional, Nyambi, Philippe, additional, Ofner, Marianna, additional, Paladin, Fem J, additional, Papa, Anna, additional, Pape, Jean, additional, Parkin, Neil, additional, Parry, Chris, additional, Peeters, Martine, additional, Pelletier, Alexandra, additional, Pérez-Álvarez, Lucía, additional, Pillay, Deenan, additional, Pinto, Angie, additional, Quang, Trinh Duy, additional, Rademeyer, Cecilia, additional, Raikanikoda, Filimone, additional, Rayfield, Mark A, additional, Reynes, Jean-Marc, additional, Rinke de Wit, Tobias, additional, Robbins, Kenneth E, additional, Rolland, Morgane, additional, Rousseau, Christine, additional, Salazar-Gonzales, Jesus, additional, Salem, Hanan, additional, Salminen, Mika, additional, Salomon, Horacio, additional, Sandstrom, Paul, additional, Santiago, Mario L, additional, Sarr, Abdoulaye D, additional, Schroeder, Bryan, additional, Segondy, Michel, additional, Selhorst, Philippe, additional, Sempala, Sylvester, additional, Servais, Jean, additional, Shaik, Ansari, additional, Shao, Yiming, additional, Slim, Amine, additional, Soares, Marcelo A, additional, Songok, Elijah, additional, Stewart, Debbie, additional, Stokes, Julie, additional, Subbarao, Shambavi, additional, Sutthent, Ruengpung, additional, Takehisa, Jun, additional, Tanuri, Amilcar, additional, Tee, Kok Keng, additional, Thapa, Kiran, additional, Thomson, Michael, additional, Tran, Tyna, additional, Urassa, Willy, additional, Ushijima, Hiroshi, additional, van de Perre, Philippe, additional, van der Groen, Guido, additional, van Laethem, Kristel, additional, van Oosterhout, Joep, additional, van Sighem, Ard, additional, van Wijngaerden, Eric, additional, Vandamme, Anne-Mieke, additional, Vercauteren, Jurgen, additional, Vidal, Nicole, additional, Wallace, Lesley, additional, Williamson, Carolyn, additional, Wolday, Dawit, additional, Xu, Jianqing, additional, Yang, Chunfu, additional, Zhang, Linqi, additional, and Zhang, Rong, additional

Published
2020
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12. Evolution of HIV-1 Surveillance Drug Resistance Mutations Over 10 Years in New South Wales, Australia.

Author

Pinto, Angie, Carrera, Alex, Salem, Hanan, Thapa, Kiran, Shaik, Ansari, Petoumenos, Kathy, Cunningham, Philip, Garsia, Roger, Dwyer, Dominic, Cooper, David A., and Kelleher, Anthony

Abstract

New South Wales has the greatest burden of HIV in Australia, with 2012 and 2013 recording the highest rates of new diagnoses in 20 years. Concurrently, there has been significant changes in antiretroviral treatments and testing paradigms. We compiled a statewide resistance database to characterize changes in HIV-1 resistance mutations over time. Genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing (GART) was performed on request at three reference laboratories using commercial and in-house methods. In total, 7629 HIV-1 polymerase sequences obtained from GART from 2004 to 2013 were retrospectively collated, reformatted, de-identified, and analyzed using Stanford HIVdb program 7.0 and the 2009 World Health Organization (WHO) surveillance drug resistance mutations (SDRMs). Analyses were performed on subgroups of known treatment naives, treatment experienced, and seroconverters. There has been a decrease in overall rates of prevalent drug resistance mutations from 57.8% in 2004 to 21% in 2013. Dual and triple class resistance mutations have decreased from 32.7% in 2004 to 5.8% in 2013 and 16.4% to 1.2%, respectively. In treatment-naive individuals (n = 450), the frequency of protease inhibitor (PI) mutations remains low at 2.7%. In seroconverters, rates of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) are 6.6%, 3%, 3%, and 1.5% for overall, PI, non-nucleoside reverse transcription inhibitor (NNRTI), and NRTI, respectively. In treatment experienced, rates remain stable with 36.0%, 18.9%, 29.1%, and 6.4% for overall, NNRTI, NRTI, and PI mutations. The most common mutations in treatment experienced occurred at position M184, T215 (NRTI); K103 (NNRTI); I54 (PI). Apparent decreases in prevalent SDRMs can be attributed to changes in GART testing indications over time. In treatment-naive and -experienced subgroups, rates have been stable with low rates of TDR in seroconverters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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13. Global and regional molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, 1990–2015: a systematic review, global survey, and trend analysis

Author

Hemelaar, Joris, Elangovan, Ramyiadarsini, Yun, Jason, Dickson-Tetteh, Leslie, Fleminger, Isabella, Kirtley, Shona, Williams, Brian, Gouws-Williams, Eleanor, Ghys, Peter D, Abimiku, Alash'le G, Agwale, Simon, Archibald, Chris, Avidor, Boaz, Barbás, María Gabriela, Barre-Sinoussi, Francoise, Barugahare, Banson, Belabbes, El Hadj, Bertagnolio, Silvia, Birx, Deborah, Bobkov, Aleksei F, Brandful, James, Bredell, Helba, Brennan, Catherine A, Brooks, James, Bruckova, Marie, Buonaguro, Luigi, Buonaguro, Franco, Buttò, Stefano, Buve, Anne, Campbell, Mary, Carr, Jean, Carrera, Alex, Carrillo, Manuel Gómez, Celum, Connie, Chaplin, Beth, Charles, Macarthur, Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrios, Chen, Zhiwei, Chijiwa, Katsumi, Cooper, David, Cunningham, Philip, Dagnra, Anoumou, de Gascun, Cillian F, Del Amo, Julia, Delgado, Elena, Dietrich, Ursula, Dwyer, Dominic, Ellenberger, Dennis, Ensoli, Barbara, Essex, Max, Gao, Feng, Fleury, Herve, Fonjungo, Peter N, Foulongne, Vincent, Gadkari, Deepak A, García, Federico, Garsia, Roger, Gershy-Damet, Guy Michel, Glynn, Judith R, Goodall, Ruth, Grossman, Zehava, Lindenmeyer-Guimarães, Monick, Hahn, Beatrice, Hamers, Raph L, Hamouda, Osamah, Handema, Ray, He, Xiang, Herbeck, Joshua, Ho, David D, Holguin, Africa, Hosseinipour, Mina, Hunt, Gillian, Ito, Masahiko, Bel Hadj Kacem, Mohamed Ali, Kahle, Erin, Kaleebu, Pontiano Kaleebu, Kalish, Marcia, Kamarulzaman, Adeeba, Kang, Chun, Kanki, Phyllis, Karamov, Edward, Karasi, Jean-Claude, Kayitenkore, Kayitesi, Kelleher, Tony, Kitayaporn, Dwip, Kostrikis, Leondios G, Kucherer, Claudia, Lara, Claudia, Leitner, Thomas, Liitsola, Kirsi, Lingappa, Jai, Linka, Marek, Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette, Lukashov, Vladimir, Maayan, Shlomo, Mayr, Luzia, McCutchan, Francine, Meda, Nicolas, Menu, Elisabeth, Mhalu, Fred, Mloka, Doreen, Mokili, John L, Montes, Brigitte, Mor, Orna, Morgado, Mariza, Mosha, Fausta, Moussi, Awatef, Mullins, James, Najera, Rafael, Nasr, Mejda, Ndembi, Nicaise, Neilson, Joel R, Nerurkar, Vivek R, Neuhann, Florian, Nolte, Claudine, Novitsky, Vlad, Nyambi, Philippe, Ofner, Marianna, Paladin, Fem J, Papa, Anna, Pape, Jean, Parkin, Neil, Parry, Chris, Peeters, Martine, Pelletier, Alexandra, Pérez-Álvarez, Lucía, Pillay, Deenan, Pinto, Angie, Quang, Trinh Duy, Rademeyer, Cecilia, Raikanikoda, Filimone, Rayfield, Mark A, Reynes, Jean-Marc, Rinke de Wit, Tobias, Robbins, Kenneth E, Rolland, Morgane, Rousseau, Christine, Salazar-Gonzales, Jesus, Salem, Hanan, Salminen, Mika, Salomon, Horacio, Sandstrom, Paul, Santiago, Mario L, Sarr, Abdoulaye D, Schroeder, Bryan, Segondy, Michel, Selhorst, Philippe, Sempala, Sylvester, Servais, Jean, Shaik, Ansari, Shao, Yiming, Slim, Amine, Soares, Marcelo A, Songok, Elijah, Stewart, Debbie, Stokes, Julie, Subbarao, Shambavi, Sutthent, Ruengpung, Takehisa, Jun, Tanuri, Amilcar, Tee, Kok Keng, Thapa, Kiran, Thomson, Michael, Tran, Tyna, Urassa, Willy, Ushijima, Hiroshi, van de Perre, Philippe, van der Groen, Guido, van Laethem, Kristel, van Oosterhout, Joep, van Sighem, Ard, van Wijngaerden, Eric, Vandamme, Anne-Mieke, Vercauteren, Jurgen, Vidal, Nicole, Wallace, Lesley, Williamson, Carolyn, Wolday, Dawit, Xu, Jianqing, Yang, Chunfu, Zhang, Linqi, Zhang, Rong, John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital], Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford [Oxford], Stellenbosch University, UNAIDS [Genève, Suisse] (ONUSIDA), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research [Accra, Ghana] (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Institute of Tropical Medicine [Antwerp] (ITM), State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Georg-Speyer-Haus, The University of Sydney, National AIDS Centre, Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Harvard School of Public Health, Digital Enterprise Research Institute (DERI-NUIG), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Microbiologie cellulaire et moléculaire et pathogénicité (MCMP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Beihang University (BUAA), Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), SANTE/SIDA [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso], Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) / Centre Muraz, Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Thessaly [Volos] (UTH), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN)-Medical Research Council of South Africa, Lab-STICC_UBO_CID_IHSEV, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laboratory of Virology, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Departements of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), Stichting HIV Monitoring [Amsterdam], Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Département Génétique Internal Médecine, Hôpital Universitaire Leuven, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrios [0000-0001-9656-5898], University of Oxford, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité (MFP), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), University of KwaZulu-Natal [Durban, Afrique du Sud] (UKZN)-Medical Research Council of South Africa, Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UNAIDS, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Beihang University, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses (TransVIHMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Université de Montpellier (UM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UFRJ), Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health (NDWRH), University of Oxford- John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital], South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, JH is supported by the Oxford University Clinical Academic Graduate School (Oxford, UK) and Linacre College, Oxford University (Oxford, UK)., WHO–UNAIDS Network for HIV Isolation Characterisation : Alash'le G Abimiku, Simon Agwale, Chris Archibald, Boaz Avidor, María Gabriela Barbás, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi, Banson Barugahare, El Hadj Belabbes, Silvia Bertagnolio, Deborah Birx, Aleksei F Bobkov, James Brandful, Helba Bredell, Catherine A Brennan, James Brooks, Marie Bruckova, Luigi Buonaguro, Franco Buonaguro, Stefano Buttò, Anne Buve, Mary Campbell, Jean Carr, Alex Carrera, Manuel Gómez Carrillo, Connie Celum, Beth Chaplin, Macarthur Charles, Dimitrios Chatzidimitriou, Zhiwei Chen, Katsumi Chijiwa, David Cooper, Philip Cunningham, Anoumou Dagnra, Cillian F de Gascun, Julia Del Amo, Elena Delgado, Ursula Dietrich, Dominic Dwyer, Dennis Ellenberger, Barbara Ensoli, Max Essex, Feng Gao, Herve Fleury, Peter N Fonjungo, Vincent Foulongne, Deepak A Gadkari, Federico García, Roger Garsia, Guy Michel Gershy-Damet, Judith R Glynn, Ruth Goodall, Zehava Grossman, Monick Lindenmeyer-Guimarães, Beatrice Hahn, Raph L Hamers, Osamah Hamouda, Ray Handema, Xiang He, Joshua Herbeck, David D Ho, Africa Holguin, Mina Hosseinipour, Gillian Hunt, Masahiko Ito, Mohamed Ali Bel Hadj Kacem, Erin Kahle, Pontiano Kaleebu Kaleebu, Marcia Kalish, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Chun Kang, Phyllis Kanki, Edward Karamov, Jean-Claude Karasi, Kayitesi Kayitenkore, Tony Kelleher, Dwip Kitayaporn, Leondios G Kostrikis, Claudia Kucherer, Claudia Lara, Thomas Leitner, Kirsi Liitsola, Jai Lingappa, Marek Linka, Ivette Lorenzana de Rivera, Vladimir Lukashov, Shlomo Maayan, Luzia Mayr, Francine McCutchan, Nicolas Meda, Elisabeth Menu, Fred Mhalu, Doreen Mloka, John L Mokili, Brigitte Montes, Orna Mor, Mariza Morgado, Fausta Mosha, Awatef Moussi, James Mullins, Rafael Najera, Mejda Nasr, Nicaise Ndembi, Joel R Neilson, Vivek R Nerurkar, Florian Neuhann, Claudine Nolte, Vlad Novitsky, Philippe Nyambi, Marianna Ofner, Fem J Paladin, Anna Papa, Jean Pape, Neil Parkin, Chris Parry, Martine Peeters, Alexandra Pelletier, Lucía Pérez-Álvarez, Deenan Pillay, Angie Pinto, Trinh Duy Quang, Cecilia Rademeyer, Filimone Raikanikoda, Mark A Rayfield, Jean-Marc Reynes, Tobias Rinke de Wit, Kenneth E Robbins, Morgane Rolland, Christine Rousseau, Jesus Salazar-Gonzales, Hanan Salem, Mika Salminen, Horacio Salomon, Paul Sandstrom, Mario L Santiago, Abdoulaye D Sarr, Bryan Schroeder, Michel Segondy, Philippe Selhorst, Sylvester Sempala, Jean Servais, Ansari Shaik, Yiming Shao, Amine Slim, Marcelo A Soares, Elijah Songok, Debbie Stewart, Julie Stokes, Shambavi Subbarao, Ruengpung Sutthent, Jun Takehisa, Amilcar Tanuri, Kok Keng Tee, Kiran Thapa, Michael Thomson, Tyna Tran, Willy Urassa, Hiroshi Ushijima, Philippevan de Perre, Guidovan der Groen, Kristel van Laethem, Joep van Oosterhout, Ard van Sighem, Eric van Wijngaerden, Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Jurgen Vercauteren, Nicole Vidal, Lesley Wallace, Carolyn Williamson, Dawit Wolday, Jianqing Xu, Chunfu Yang, Linqi Zhang, and Rong Zhang

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Serotype, Genotype, Genotyping Techniques, 030106 microbiology, DIVERSITY, MULTICENTER, VACCINE, HIV Infections, Genome, Viral, Biology, Global Health, Serogroup, SUBTYPES, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Surveys and Questionnaires, INFECTION, Genetic variation, Global health, Humans, HIV vaccine, Serotyping, AIDS Vaccines, Science & Technology, Molecular epidemiology, Genetic Variation, Subtyping, 3. Good health, Trend analysis, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, 13. Climate action, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, HIV-1, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Demography
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Global genetic diversity of HIV-1 is a major challenge to the development of HIV vaccines. We aimed to estimate the regional and global distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants during 1990-2015. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL (Ebscohost), and Global Health (Ovid) for HIV-1 subtyping studies published between Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2015. We collected additional unpublished HIV-1 subtyping data through a global survey. We included prevalence studies with HIV-1 subtyping data collected during 1990-2015. We grouped countries into 14 regions and analysed data for four time periods (1990-99, 2000-04, 2005-09, and 2010-15). The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes, circulating recombinant forms (CRFs), and unique recombinant forms (URFs) in individual countries was weighted according to the UNAIDS estimates of the number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in each country to generate regional and global estimates of HIV-1 diversity in each time period. The primary outcome was the number of samples designated as HIV-1 subtypes A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, CRFs, and URFs. The systematic review is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017067164. FINDINGS: This systematic review and global survey yielded 2203 datasets with 383 519 samples from 116 countries in 1990-2015. Globally, subtype C accounted for 46·6% (16 280 897/34 921 639 of PLHIV) of all HIV-1 infections in 2010-15. Subtype B was responsible for 12·1% (4 235 299/34 921 639) of infections, followed by subtype A (10·3%; 3 587 003/34 921 639), CRF02_AG (7·7%; 2 705 110/34 921 639), CRF01_AE (5·3%; 1 840 982/34 921 639), subtype G (4·6%; 1 591 276/34 921 639), and subtype D (2·7%; 926 255/34 921 639). Subtypes F, H, J, and K combined accounted for 0·9% (311 332/34 921 639) of infections. Other CRFs accounted for 3·7% (1 309 082/34 921 639), bringing the proportion of all CRFs to 16·7% (5 844 113/34 921 639). URFs constituted 6·1% (2 134 405/34 921 639), resulting in recombinants accounting for 22·8% (7 978 517/34 921 639) of all global HIV-1 infections. The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants changed over time in countries, regions, and globally. At a global level during 2005-15, subtype B increased, subtypes A and D were stable, and subtypes C and G and CRF02_AG decreased. CRF01_AE, other CRFs, and URFs increased, leading to a consistent increase in the global proportion of recombinants over time. INTERPRETATION: Global and regional HIV diversity is complex and evolving, and is a major challenge to HIV vaccine development. Surveillance of the global molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 remains crucial for the design, testing, and implementation of HIV vaccines. FUNDING: None. ispartof: LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES vol:19 issue:2 pages:143-155 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2018

14. Limited Sustained Local Transmission of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in New South Wales, Australia

Author

Di Giallonardo, Francesca, Pinto, Angie N; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3583-9490, Keen, Phillip; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2678-0645, Shaik, Ansari, Carrera, Alex, Salem, Hanan, Telfer, Barbara, Cooper, Craig, Price, Karen, Selvey, Christine, Holden, Joanne, Bachmann, Nadine, Lee, Frederick J, Dwyer, Dominic E, Duchêne, Sebastián, Holmes, Edward C; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9596-3552, Grulich, Andrew E, Kelleher, Anthony D, Di Giallonardo, Francesca, Pinto, Angie N; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3583-9490, Keen, Phillip; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2678-0645, Shaik, Ansari, Carrera, Alex, Salem, Hanan, Telfer, Barbara, Cooper, Craig, Price, Karen, Selvey, Christine, Holden, Joanne, Bachmann, Nadine, Lee, Frederick J, Dwyer, Dominic E, Duchêne, Sebastián, Holmes, Edward C; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9596-3552, Grulich, Andrew E, and Kelleher, Anthony D

Abstract

Australia's response to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pandemic led to effective control of HIV transmission and one of the world's lowest HIV incidence rates-0.14%. Although there has been a recent decline in new HIV diagnoses in New South Wales (NSW), the most populous state in Australia, there has been a concomitant increase with non-B subtype infections, particularly for the HIV-1 circulating recombinant form CRF01_AE. This aforementioned CRF01_AE sampled in NSW, were combined with those sampled globally to identify NSW-specific viral clades. The population growth of these clades was assessed in two-year period intervals from 2009 to 2017. Overall, 109 NSW-specific clades were identified, most comprising pairs of sequences; however, five large clades comprising ≥10 sequences were also found. Forty-four clades grew over time with one or two sequences added to each in different two-year periods. Importantly, while 10 of these clades have seemingly discontinued, the remaining 34 were still active in 2016/2017. Seven such clades each comprised ≥10 sequences, and are representative of individual sub-epidemics in NSW. Thus, although the majority of new CRF01_AE infections were associated with small clades that rarely establish ongoing chains of local transmission, individual sub-epidemics are present and should be closely monitored.

Published
2019

15. Limited Sustained Local Transmission of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in New South Wales, Australia

Author

Di Giallonardo, Francesca, primary, Pinto, Angie N., additional, Keen, Phillip, additional, Shaik, Ansari, additional, Carrera, Alex, additional, Salem, Hanan, additional, Telfer, Barbara, additional, Cooper, Craig, additional, Price, Karen, additional, Selvey, Christine, additional, Holden, Joanne, additional, Bachmann, Nadine, additional, Lee, Frederick J., additional, Dwyer, Dominic E., additional, Duchêne, Sebastián, additional, Holmes, Edward C., additional, Grulich, Andrew E., additional, and Kelleher, Anthony D., additional

Published
2019
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16. Global and regional molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, 1990–2015: a systematic review, global survey, and trend analysis

Author

Hemelaar, Joris, primary, Elangovan, Ramyiadarsini, additional, Yun, Jason, additional, Dickson-Tetteh, Leslie, additional, Fleminger, Isabella, additional, Kirtley, Shona, additional, Williams, Brian, additional, Gouws-Williams, Eleanor, additional, Ghys, Peter D, additional, Abimiku, Alash'le G, additional, Agwale, Simon, additional, Archibald, Chris, additional, Avidor, Boaz, additional, Barbás, María Gabriela, additional, Barre-Sinoussi, Francoise, additional, Barugahare, Banson, additional, Belabbes, El Hadj, additional, Bertagnolio, Silvia, additional, Birx, Deborah, additional, Bobkov, Aleksei F, additional, Brandful, James, additional, Bredell, Helba, additional, Brennan, Catherine A, additional, Brooks, James, additional, Bruckova, Marie, additional, Buonaguro, Luigi, additional, Buonaguro, Franco, additional, Buttò, Stefano, additional, Buve, Anne, additional, Campbell, Mary, additional, Carr, Jean, additional, Carrera, Alex, additional, Carrillo, Manuel Gómez, additional, Celum, Connie, additional, Chaplin, Beth, additional, Charles, Macarthur, additional, Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrios, additional, Chen, Zhiwei, additional, Chijiwa, Katsumi, additional, Cooper, David, additional, Cunningham, Philip, additional, Dagnra, Anoumou, additional, de Gascun, Cillian F, additional, Del Amo, Julia, additional, Delgado, Elena, additional, Dietrich, Ursula, additional, Dwyer, Dominic, additional, Ellenberger, Dennis, additional, Ensoli, Barbara, additional, Essex, Max, additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Fleury, Herve, additional, Fonjungo, Peter N, additional, Foulongne, Vincent, additional, Gadkari, Deepak A, additional, García, Federico, additional, Garsia, Roger, additional, Gershy-Damet, Guy Michel, additional, Glynn, Judith R, additional, Goodall, Ruth, additional, Grossman, Zehava, additional, Lindenmeyer-Guimarães, Monick, additional, Hahn, Beatrice, additional, Hamers, Raph L, additional, Hamouda, Osamah, additional, Handema, Ray, additional, He, Xiang, additional, Herbeck, Joshua, additional, Ho, David D, additional, Holguin, Africa, additional, Hosseinipour, Mina, additional, Hunt, Gillian, additional, Ito, Masahiko, additional, Bel Hadj Kacem, Mohamed Ali, additional, Kahle, Erin, additional, Kaleebu, Pontiano Kaleebu, additional, Kalish, Marcia, additional, Kamarulzaman, Adeeba, additional, Kang, Chun, additional, Kanki, Phyllis, additional, Karamov, Edward, additional, Karasi, Jean-Claude, additional, Kayitenkore, Kayitesi, additional, Kelleher, Tony, additional, Kitayaporn, Dwip, additional, Kostrikis, Leondios G, additional, Kucherer, Claudia, additional, Lara, Claudia, additional, Leitner, Thomas, additional, Liitsola, Kirsi, additional, Lingappa, Jai, additional, Linka, Marek, additional, Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette, additional, Lukashov, Vladimir, additional, Maayan, Shlomo, additional, Mayr, Luzia, additional, McCutchan, Francine, additional, Meda, Nicolas, additional, Menu, Elisabeth, additional, Mhalu, Fred, additional, Mloka, Doreen, additional, Mokili, John L, additional, Montes, Brigitte, additional, Mor, Orna, additional, Morgado, Mariza, additional, Mosha, Fausta, additional, Moussi, Awatef, additional, Mullins, James, additional, Najera, Rafael, additional, Nasr, Mejda, additional, Ndembi, Nicaise, additional, Neilson, Joel R, additional, Nerurkar, Vivek R, additional, Neuhann, Florian, additional, Nolte, Claudine, additional, Novitsky, Vlad, additional, Nyambi, Philippe, additional, Ofner, Marianna, additional, Paladin, Fem J, additional, Papa, Anna, additional, Pape, Jean, additional, Parkin, Neil, additional, Parry, Chris, additional, Peeters, Martine, additional, Pelletier, Alexandra, additional, Pérez-Álvarez, Lucía, additional, Pillay, Deenan, additional, Pinto, Angie, additional, Quang, Trinh Duy, additional, Rademeyer, Cecilia, additional, Raikanikoda, Filimone, additional, Rayfield, Mark A, additional, Reynes, Jean-Marc, additional, Rinke de Wit, Tobias, additional, Robbins, Kenneth E, additional, Rolland, Morgane, additional, Rousseau, Christine, additional, Salazar-Gonzales, Jesus, additional, Salem, Hanan, additional, Salminen, Mika, additional, Salomon, Horacio, additional, Sandstrom, Paul, additional, Santiago, Mario L, additional, Sarr, Abdoulaye D, additional, Schroeder, Bryan, additional, Segondy, Michel, additional, Selhorst, Philippe, additional, Sempala, Sylvester, additional, Servais, Jean, additional, Shaik, Ansari, additional, Shao, Yiming, additional, Slim, Amine, additional, Soares, Marcelo A, additional, Songok, Elijah, additional, Stewart, Debbie, additional, Stokes, Julie, additional, Subbarao, Shambavi, additional, Sutthent, Ruengpung, additional, Takehisa, Jun, additional, Tanuri, Amilcar, additional, Tee, Kok Keng, additional, Thapa, Kiran, additional, Thomson, Michael, additional, Tran, Tyna, additional, Urassa, Willy, additional, Ushijima, Hiroshi, additional, van de Perre, Philippe, additional, van der Groen, Guido, additional, van Laethem, Kristel, additional, van Oosterhout, Joep, additional, van Sighem, Ard, additional, van Wijngaerden, Eric, additional, Vandamme, Anne-Mieke, additional, Vercauteren, Jurgen, additional, Vidal, Nicole, additional, Wallace, Lesley, additional, Williamson, Carolyn, additional, Wolday, Dawit, additional, Xu, Jianqing, additional, Yang, Chunfu, additional, Zhang, Linqi, additional, and Zhang, Rong, additional

Published
2019
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19. Increased HIV Subtype Diversity Reflecting Demographic Changes in the HIV Epidemic in New South Wales, Australia.

Author

Di Giallonardo, Francesca, Pinto, Angie N., Keen, Phillip, Shaik, Ansari, Carrera, Alex, Salem, Hanan, Selvey, Christine, Nigro, Steven J., Fraser, Neil, Price, Karen, Holden, Joanne, Lee, Frederick J., Dwyer, Dominic E., Bavinton, Benjamin R., Grulich, Andrew E., Kelleher, Anthony D., and Martínez, Miguel A.

Subjects
HIV, DEMOGRAPHIC change, REVERSE transcriptase, MEN who have sex with men, SYPHILIS
Abstract

Changes over time in HIV-1 subtype diversity within a population reflect changes in factors influencing the development of local epidemics. Here we report on the genetic diversity of 2364 reverse transcriptase sequences from people living with HIV-1 in New South Wales (NSW) notified between 2004 and 2018. These data represent >70% of all new HIV-1 notifications in the state over this period. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to identify subtype-specific transmission clusters. Subtype B and non-B infections differed across all demographics analysed (p < 0.001). We found a strong positive association for infections among females, individuals not born in Australia or reporting heterosexual transmission being of non-B origin. Further, we found an overall increase in non-B infections among men who have sex with men from 50 to 79% in the last 10 years. However, we also found differences between non-B subtypes; heterosexual transmission was positively associated with subtype C only. In addition, the majority of subtype B infections were associated with clusters, while the majority of non-B infections were singletons. However, we found seven non-B clusters (≥5 sequences) indicative of local ongoing transmission. In conclusion, we present how the HIV-1 epidemic has changed over time in NSW, becoming more heterogeneous with distinct subtype-specific demographic associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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