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With the continuous development and progress of wireless self-organizing network communication technology, how to carry out long-distance cooperative control of multiple intelligences under the framework of an air–ground integrated wireless high-mobility self-organizing network has become a hot and difficult topic that needs to be solved urgently. This paper takes the air–ground integrated wireless high-mobility self-organizing network system as the basic framework and focuses on solving the long-distance cooperative fault-tolerant control of multi-intelligent bodies and the topological stability of a wireless mobile self-organizing network. To solve the above problems, a direct neural network with a robust adaptive fault-tolerant controller is designed in this paper. By constructing a symmetric population neural network model and combining it with the Lyapunov stabilization criterion, the system feedback matrix K has the ability of autonomous adaptive learning, and symmetrically distorts, rotates, or scales the training data to instantly adjust the system's fault-tolerant corrections and adaptive adjusting factors to resist the unknown disturbances and faults, to achieve the goals of multi-intelligent body stable control and the stable operation of a wireless high-mobility self-organizing network topology. Simulation results show that with the feedback adjustment of the multi-system under the designed controller, the multi-system as a whole has good fault-tolerant performance and autonomous learning approximation performance, and the tracking error asymptotically converges to zero. The experimental results show that the multi-flight subsystems fly stably, the air–ground integrated wireless high-mobility self-organizing network topology has good stability performance, and the maximum relative improvement of the topology stability performance is 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inorganic nanomaterials have attracted much attention as enzyme mimics because of simple and stable spatial conformation of those artificially synthesized nanocatalysts. Cu2O, as an important kind of narrow band gap semiconductor, is identified as effective as visible‐light‐driven photocatalysts, which can catalyze decomposition of H2O2 into reactive oxygen species. Moreover, after forming CuxO/CeO2 hybrids, the strongly coupled interface between the two components will further improve their catalytic performance. In this paper, the authors try to construct FTO/TiO2/CuxO/CeO2 (1

To explore the effects of miR‐21‐3p on diabetic atherosclerosis. Using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we also detected the levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts RAGE (sRAGE) in the cellular supernatant of vascular endothelial cells after transfecting them with adenovirus vector having miR‐21‐3p mimic or inhibitor. We found decrease in the expression levels of miR‐21‐3p in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) induced by high‐concentration glucose. We also observed that the introduction of miR‐21‐3p mimic significantly increased the expression of ADAM10 in the VECs. Similarly, significantly higher levels of sRAGE were found in the cultured supernatant after administration of miR‐21‐3p mimic in human vein endothelial cells. The production of reactive oxygen species and expression of inflammatory cytokines in VECs induced by LPS and high‐concentration glucose were significantly decreased after administration of miR‐21‐3p. in vivo studies revealed that intravenous injection of miR‐21‐3p at regular intervals would reduce the area of atherosclerotic lesion and elevate the serum levels of sRAGE in atherosclerotic diabetic mice. miR‐21‐3p may be beneficial in diabetic atherosclerosis by promoting the cleaved form of sRAGE and inhibition of RAGE/NADPH oxidase signalling depending on the increased expression of ADAM10. Significance of the Study: We identified a novel microRNA, miR‐21‐3p, which is characteristically at elevated levels in serum derived from diabetic patients and responsible for target degradation of ADAM10 mRNA. Further, we show that miR‐21‐3p aggravates the atherosclerotic lesion via dysfunction of the ectodomain shedding of molecular binding RAGE in the diabetic atherosclerotic mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nano-sized Cu 2 O/TiO 2 nanosheet arrays (TiO 2 NSAs) heterojunction film was fabricating by electrodepositing Cu 2 O onto TiO 2 NSAs using chronopotentiometry. The cyclic alternating current on working electrode is the main contribution to nano-sized Cu 2 O, which in turn improve the photoelectrochemical properties of the Cu 2 O/TiO 2 NSAs heterojunction film because nano-sized Cu 2 O, with better electron transfer ability and smaller change transfer resistance in electrolyte, increases the separation and transportation efficiencies of photo-induced electron-hole pairs. Furthermore, electrolyte pH value and deposition current density have significant influence on Cu 2 O particles size. The results show that the sample prepared with pH = 8 and current density j  = 0.25 mA/cm 2 exhibits best photoelectrochemical properties because of the smaller sized Cu 2 O and uniform distribution on TiO 2 NSAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Size-uniform octahedral Cu2O crystals were synthesized by a facile and time-saving ethanol-assisted solution method at low temperatures. The synthesized products were systematically characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the amount of ethanol has strong effects on the phase purity and morphology development of the products. By adjusting the amount of ethanol, the morphology of Cu2O gradually changed from sphere to octahedron. The possible crystal growth processes are proposed. The presence of more oxygen in ethanol is helpful to the formation of octahedral Cu2O seeds with truncated low index {111} planes. It is suggested that the oriented attachment mechanism plays an important role in the transition from tiny Cu2O crystals to large octahedral Cu2O single crystals. The preferential adsorption of ethanol molecules on the Cu2O {111} facets makes the octahedral Cu2O more stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Line tension of three-phase contact lines is an important physical quantity in understanding many physical processes such as heterogeneous nucleation, soft lithography and behaviours in biomembrane, such as budding, fission and fusion. Although the concept of line tension was proposed as the excess free energy in three-phase coexistence regions a century ago, its microscopic origin is subtle and achieves long-term concerns. In this paper, we correlate line tension with anisotropy of diagonal components of stress tensor and give a general formula of line tension. By performing molecular dynamic simulations, we illustrate the formula proposed in Lennard-Jones gas/liquid/liquid and gas/liquid/solid systems, and find that the spatial distribution of line tension can be well revealed when the local distribution of stress tensor is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction is conducted under environmentally benign conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Cs 2 SnCl 6 /prGO (CSCG) was developed for non-contact humidity sensing. • Reduction system of GO was utilized for perovskite crystals' growth and optimization. • The coordination in CSCG enhanced interface stability and optimized the current path. • CSCG showed ultrafast response and recovery and long-term stability in humidity sensing. • CSCG was proven to achieve non-contact sensing applications such as gesture recognition. Perovskite is proven to promote the surface dissociation of water molecules that are therefore applied in humidity-responsive electronics. However, inherent defects in crystals severely hinder structural stability and charge transfer which decline the performance of the devices. For this, we design a strategy to introduce Cs 2 SnCl 6 perovskite into the graphene oxide reduction system, during which the growth and optimization of perovskite crystals are achieved, accompanied by the formation of interface coordination with semi-reduced graphene oxide, obtaining stability and durability humidity-sensitive non-contact sensors. The results prove that the sensor exhibits low latency in response (0.8 s) and recovery (1.9 s), excellent sensitivity (6.5 × 106), and long-term stability (over 240 days). Additionally, distinguishable signals can be output easily in multiple different non-contact sensing applications and gesture recognition applications can be successfully implemented, which provides a possibility of human–computer interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Many patients suffer from implant loosening after the implantation of titanium alloy caused by immune response to the foreign bodies and this could inhibit the following osteogenesis, which could possibly give rise to aseptic loosening and poor osteointegration while there is currently no appropriate solution in clinical practice. Exosome (Exo) carrying miRNA has been proven to be a suitable nanocarrier for solving this problem. In this study, we explored whether exosomes overexpressing miR-181b (Exo-181b) could exert beneficial effect on promoting M2 macrophage polarization, thus inhibiting inflammation as well as promoting osteogenesis and elaborated the underlying mechanism in vitro. Furthermore, we aimed to find whether Exo-181b could enhance osteointegration. Results: In vitro, we firstly verified that Exo-181b significantly enhanced M2 polarization and inhibited inflammation by suppressing PRKCD and activating p-AKT. Then, in vivo, we verified that Exo-181b enhanced M2 polarization, reduced the inflammatory response and enhanced osteointegration. Also, we verified that the enhanced M2 polarization could indirectly promote the migration and osteogenic differentiation by secreting VEGF and BMP-2 in vitro. Conclusions: Exo-181b could suppress inflammatory response by promoting M2 polarization via activating PRKCD/AKT signaling pathway, which further promoting osteogenesis in vitro and promote osteointegration in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we have successfully triggered the aqueous auto‐redox reactions between reductive Ce(OH)3 and oxidative MnO4−/Pd2+ ions to form PdO/Mn3O4/CeO2 (PMC) nanocomposites. PMC could spontaneously self‐assemble into compact encapsulation on the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to form the final one dimensional HNTs supported PMCs (HPMC). It is identified that there exists strong synergistic effects among the components of PdO, Mn3O4, and CeO2, and hence HPMC could show excellent performance on photoassisted thermal catalytic CH4 combustion that its light‐off temperature was sharply reduced to be 180 °C under visible light irradiation. Based on detailed studies, it is found that the catalytic reaction process well follows the classic MVK mechanism, and adsorption/activation of O2 into active oxygen species (O*) should be the rate‐determining step for CH4 conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we have successfully triggered the aqueous auto‐redox reactions between reductive Ce(OH)3 and oxidative MnO4−/Pd2+ ions to form PdO/Mn3O4/CeO2 (PMC) nanocomposites. PMC could spontaneously self‐assemble into compact encapsulation on the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to form the final one dimensional HNTs supported PMCs (HPMC). It is identified that there exists strong synergistic effects among the components of PdO, Mn3O4, and CeO2, and hence HPMC could show excellent performance on photoassisted thermal catalytic CH4 combustion that its light‐off temperature was sharply reduced to be 180 °C under visible light irradiation. Based on detailed studies, it is found that the catalytic reaction process well follows the classic MVK mechanism, and adsorption/activation of O2 into active oxygen species (O*) should be the rate‐determining step for CH4 conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of efficient catalysts is of great importance for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of water splitting via electrocatalytic/photocatalytic processes to remediate the current severe environmental and energy problems. By aid of the stabilization effects of uncoordinated groups and inherent pore‐confinement of amine‐functionalized metal–organic frameworks (NH2‐MIL‐125), two forms of Ru species including nanoparticles (NPs) and/or single atoms (SAs) can be firmly embedded in NH2‐MIL‐125 derived N‐doped TiO2/C support (N‐TC), and thus obtain two kinds of samples named Ru‐NPs/SAs@N‐TC and Ru‐SAs@N‐TC, respectively. In the synthetic process, the initial feeding amount of Ru3+ ions not only strongly determines the final size and dispersion states of Ru species but also the morphology and defective structures of N‐TC support. Impressively, Ru‐NPs/SAs@N‐TC exhibit superior catalytic activities to Ru‐SAs@N‐TC for either electrocatalytic or photocatalytic HER. This should be attributed to its larger specific surface area and benefiting from synergistic coupling of Ru NPs and Ru SAs. It is envisioned that the present work can provide a new avenue for development of high‐efficiency and multifunctional hybrid catalysts in sustainable energy conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: Heparan sulfate (HS) attenuates the inflammatory response and improves diabetic wound healing in rats. However, the specific mechanisms by which HS suppresses inflammation are not clear. Given that NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is a major receptor involved in innate immune regulation, the aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of HS on NLRP3 and proinflammatory cytokines in diabetic wounds. Methods: Full‐thickness wounds were created on the back of diabetic rats. The experimental group received HS treatment (1 mg/kg, i.m., on Days 0 and 7), whereas the control group received vehicle (0.1% dimethylsulfoxide in 0.9% NaCl). Expression of NLRP3 and its downstream effector molecules, namely cleaved interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), proteinase inhibitor 9, and caspase‐12, in the wound tissues was examined. Results: Treatment with HS accelerated wound healing in diabetic rats. Rats treated with HS exhibited decreased activation of cleaved IL‐1β, IL‐18, and TNF‐α, as well as decreased expression of NLRP3 and ASC. In addition, HS increased levels of proteinase inhibitor 9 and caspase‐12. Conclusions: Heparan sulfate inhibits inflammation and improves wound healing by downregulating the NLRP3 inflammasome and cleaved IL‐1β during the wound healing process in diabetic rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of heterojunctions, based on CdS nanorods and TiO 2 nanocrystals, were prepared by solvothermal process. Various techniques such as X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were used to characterize as-prepared composites. The results demonstrate that well crystalline TiO 2 nanocrystals play an important role in photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical properties. The well crystalline TiO 2 nanocrystals are beneficial to the formation of good chemical bonding between TiO 2 nanocrystal and CdS nanorod, which gives positive effect on the optical property and photoelectrochemical performance of this heterostructure. Further, the good bonding at the interface of TiO 2 nanocrystals and CdS nanorod is beneficial to the formation of larger width of space charge region, which gives rise to more band bending in CdS to improve the separation and transition efficiency of photo-induced electrons and holes in CdS TiO 2 heterojunctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate nonpermanent inferior vena cava (IVC) filter in the prevention of perioperative pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients of lower extremity and/or pelvic bone fracture with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Methods Lower extremity or pelvic bone fracture patients with lower extremity DVT hospitalized in our hospital from January 2003 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Data was analyzed for age, gender, position of fracture, position of proximal of thrombosis, indications of placement, complications, retrieval rate, and rate of entrapped filter clot. Patients who underwent IVC filter placement were selected as the filter group. The patients who did not perform IVC filter placement after 2008 and the cases between January 2003 and December 2007 were selected as control group 1 and control group 2, respectively. The incidence of perioperative symptomatic PE and mortality were analyzed. Results A total of 2763 cases complicated with DVT underwent orthopedic surgery between January 2003 and October 2014. 823 nonpermanent filters were inserted. All filters were successfully deployed with no major complications. After a mean 14.2 days indwelling time, all of temporary filters were removed. Retrieval was attempted in 556 patients with retrievable filters and was successful in 545 (98%); mean indwelling time was 16.3 days. The total retrieval rate was 90%. The incidence of PE in the filter group was significantly lower compared with the two control groups. Among the patients who received chemical anticoagulant therapy, the incidence of PE in filter group, control group 1 and control group 2 were 0.14%, 1.60% and 2.10%, respectively. The incidence of PE in filter group was also significant lower compared with control groups. Conclusion Nonpermanent IVC filter placement seems like to be a safe and effective method for preventing perioperative symptomatic and fatal PE in bone fracture patients with DVT in the present retrospective study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By introducing anisotropic micropatterns on a superhydrophobic surface, we demonstrate that water microdroplets can coalesce and leap over the surface spontaneously along a prescribed direction. This controlled behavior is attributed to anisotropic liquid-solid adhesion. An analysis relating the preferential leaping probability to the geometrical parameters of the system is presented with consistent experimental results. Surfaces with this rare quality demonstrate many unique characteristics, such as self-powered, and relatively long-distance transport of microdroplets by 'relay' coalescence-induced leaping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By introducing anisotropic micropatterns on a superhydrophobic surface, we demonstrate that water microdroplets can coalesce and leap over the surface spontaneously along a prescribed direction. This controlled behavior is attributed to anisotropic liquid-solid adhesion. An analysis relating the preferential leaping probability to the geometrical parameters of the system is presented with consistent experimental results. Surfaces with this rare quality demonstrate many unique characteristics, such as self-powered, and relatively long-distance transport of microdroplets by 'relay' coalescence-induced leaping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Telomerase, which is overexpressed in approximately 90% of liver cancer cells, is an ideal target for anti-liver cancer therapy. LPTS, a putative liver tumor suppressor, is the only human-derived protein that can bind telomerase directly and inhibit the extension of telomere activity. Our previous studies demonstrated that TAT-LPTS-LC (TLC), a recombinant protein fused by the C-terminal 133–328 fragment of LPTS and TAT peptides, could be delivered into cells to inhibit telomerase-positive hepatoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo with very low toxicity. In the present study, E. coli strains which expressed TLC in abundance were screened and cultured in a laboratory bioreactor. A reproducible protein separation process was built, and this process was suitable for industrial amplification. The yields of TLC protein were up to 184 mg in one batch with a purity of approximately 95%. The purified TLC protein had a similar inhibitory effect on telomerase activity in vitro compared with those purified by Ni-affinity chromatography. Furthermore, TLC protein could be delivered into the cell nucleus to increase the doubling time of the cell and suppress cell growth in telomerase-positive liver cancer cell lines. Cell growth inhibition was negatively correlated with telomere length, suggesting that TLC is a highly targeted telomerase-telomere anticancer agent. These results will contribute to future preclinical studies of the TLC protein. • A scalable and reproducible preparation process was established for anti-tumor recombinant protein TLC, which was a human-derived telomerase inhibitor protein, from the E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells with high purity. • The purified TLC protein had same activities as TLC-His protein with a C-terminal 6X His tag purified by Ni-affinity chromatography reported earlier. • The TLC could inhibit the growth of 8 kinds of telomerase-positive liver cancer cell lines, but not the telomerase-negative normal liver cells. • The inhibition rate for liver cancer cells was negatively correlated with telomere length in the cells, indicating that TLC has high specificity and low toxicity for anti-liver cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]