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Junqing Liang,1,2 Baopeng Tang,1,2 Jun Shen,1,2 Manzeremu Rejiepu,1,2 Yankai Guo,1,2 Xiaoyan Wang,1,2 Shijie Shao,1,2 Fei Guo,3 Qin Wang,4 Ling Zhang1 1Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Cardiac Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Geriatrics and Cadre Ward, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qin Wang; Ling Zhang, Email w2036661q@126.com; ydzhangling@126.comBackground: The common occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) as a cardiac arrhythmia, along with its link to sleep deprivation (SD), is gaining more acknowledgment. Even with progress in comprehending the development of AF, the molecular connections between SD and AF are still not well-defined. The objective of this research was to pinpoint the shared molecular routes responsible for SD-induced AF and investigate possible treatment targets.Methods: Utilizing bioinformatics, we examined two transcriptome datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to pinpoint genes with differential expression (DEGs) common to SD and AF. Analyses focusing on functional enrichment, such as Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), were conducted to pinpoint crucial biological mechanisms and pathways. Furthermore, we utilized immunofluorescence and Western blot techniques to evaluate YBX1 expression and its role in activating NLRP3 inflammasomes in a rat model induced by SD.Results: A total of 540 common DEGs were precisely identified between the AF and SD data collections. Studies emphasizing functional enrichment have highlighted the significance of inflammation pathways, particularly the NOD-like receptor signaling route. The application of machine learning uncovered four crucial genes—CDC5L, MAPK14, RAB5A, and YBX1—with YBX1 becoming the predominant gene in diagnostic processes. Investigating immune penetration revealed significant connections between YBX1 expression and specific immune cell types, notably CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages. Live studies have demonstrated that SD amplifies the atrial electrical rearrangement, structural changes, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and the heightened presence of YBX1 along with inflammasome elements.Conclusion: The research pinpoints YBX1 as a crucial gene in SD-related AF, possibly influencing its impact via the NOD-like receptor signaling route and the invasion of immune cells. The results offer crucial understanding of the molecular processes behind AF and propose YBX1 as a possible treatment focus to reduce the risk of AF caused by SD.Keywords: atrial fibrillation, sleep deprivation, bioinformatic analysis, inflammation, YBX1

Jiamei Feng, Qingqian Gao, Wenchao Qu, Shijun Shao, Jiaye Sun, Lu Xie, Xueqing Wu, Hua Wan Department of Mammary, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hua Wan; Xueqing Wu, Department of Mammary, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 53827363, Fax +86 21 20256699, Email wanhuawhhhf@126.com; wuxueqingwxq02@126.comObjective: The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of non-puerperal mastitis.Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken to investigate 724 cases of non-puerperal mastitis in patients hospitalized from April 2004 to December 2021 at the Mammary Gland Department of Shuguang Hospital, which is affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Employing statistical methodologies including mean ± standard deviation, median, and one-sample t-test, the study sought to analyze and delineate factors associated with morbidity, such as age, childbirth, lactation, and body mass index (BMI).Results: The average age of the 724 patients was 33.4 ± 5.5 years. Among them 54.94% were aged 30– 39 years, 65.16% were within five years after delivery, and 62.56% were breastfeeding for less than 6 months. The BMI of patients aged 30– 39 years was higher than that of the general Chinese population (P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between smoking, oral contraceptives, trauma, and the incidence of the disease in this group.Conclusion: Non-puerperal mastitis is more prevalent among women of childbearing age, specifically those aged 30– 39 years, who breastfed for less than 6 months within the first five years after childbirth. In this age group, higher BMI is linked to increased morbidity.Keywords: mastitis, clinical feature, non-puerperal, retrospective study, pathogenesis related factors

Kagome superconductors with TC up to 7 K have been discovered for over 40 y. Recently, unconventional chiral charge order has been reported in kagome superconductor KV3Sb5, with an ordering temperature of one order of magnitude higher than the TC. However, the chirality of the charge order has not been reported in the cousin kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5, and the electronic nature of the chirality remains elusive. In this paper, we report the observation of electronic chiral charge order in CsV3Sb5 via scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We observe a 2 × 2 charge modulation and a 1 × 4 superlattice in both topographic data and tunneling spectroscopy. 2 × 2 charge modulation is highly anticipated as a charge order by fundamental kagome lattice models at van Hove filling, and is shown to exhibit intrinsic chirality. We find that the 1 × 4 superlattices form various small domain walls, and can be a surface effect as supported by our first-principles calculations. Crucially, we find that the amplitude of the energy gap opened by the charge order exhibits real-space modulations, and features 2 × 2 wave vectors with chirality, highlighting the electronic nature of the chiral charge order. STM study at 0.4 K reveals a superconducting energy gap with a gap size 2Δ=0.85meV, which estimates a moderate superconductivity coupling strength with 2Δ/kBTC=3.9. When further applying a c-axis magnetic field, vortex core bound states are observed within this gap, indicative of clean-limit superconductivity.

Shuai Shao,1,&ast; Zhijin Zhang,1,&ast; Lin Feng,2 Lirong Liang,2 Zhaohui Tong1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhaohui Tong, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Gong Ti South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Email tongzhaohuicy@sina.comPurpose: To discover potential inflammatory biomarkers, which can compare favorably with traditional biomarkers, and their best cut-offs at first admission to predict clinical outcomes (short-term and long-term) and the risk of readmission among acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients.Patients and Methods: Novel inflammatory biomarkers (such as the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio [NLR], platelet–lymphocyte ratio [PLR], etc.) were compared with traditional biomarkers by Pearson’s correlation test. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to judge the accuracy of these novel biomarkers to predict in-hospital mortality.Results: Surviving AECOPD patients had lower NLR, PLR, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratios than non-survival patients (all P < 0.001). According to Pearson’s correlation test, there was a linear correlation between novel and traditional biomarkers (all P < 0.05). In terms of a single biomarker, the AUC value of NLR was the largest, which was not inferior to C-reactive protein (Z-P = 0.064), and superior to erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Z-P = 0.002) and other novel single inflammatory biomarkers (all Z-P < 0.05). The mortality of patients with NLR ≥ 4.43 was 2.308-fold higher than that of patients with NLR < 4.43. After dividing patients into a higher or lower NLR group, pooled results showed that patients with NLR ≥ 4.43 had a higher rate of treatment failure, intensive care unit admission, longer hospital length of stay, one-year mortality after the index hospitalization, and overall mortality than patients with NLR < 4.43 (all P < 0.001). Patients with NLR ≥ 4.43 were associated with higher and earlier first readmission due to AECOPD than patients with lower NLR.Conclusion: NLR was the best to forecast the clinical prognosis and readmission risk among AECOPD patients, which was not inferior to CRP, and the best cut-off value of NLR was 4.43.Keywords: acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, mortality, inflammatory biomarkers, readmission rate, treatment failure rate

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or “green” storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

Haoqiang Liu,1,&ast; Zeyidan Jiapaer,1,&ast; Fanxing Meng,1 Wanfeng Wu,1 Chengyi Hou,2 Mengjiao Duan,1 Yanan Qin,1 Shuxuan Shao,1 Minwei Zhang1 1Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shuxuan Shao; Minwei Zhang, Email Shaoshux@126.com; zhangmw@xju.edu.cnBackground: Natural bioactive substances have been widely studied for their superior anti-tumor activity and low toxicity. However, natural bioactive substances suffer from poor water-solubility and poor stability in the physiological environment. Therefore, to overcome the drawbacks of natural bioactive substances in tumor therapy, there is an urgent need for an ideal nanocarrier to achieve high bioactive substance loading with low toxicity.Materials and Methods: Face-centered cubic hollow mesoporous Prussian Blue (HMPB) NPs were prepared by stepwise hydrothermal method. Among them, PVP served as a protective agent and HCl served as an etching agent. Firstly, MPB NPs were obtained by 0.01 M HCl etching. Then, the highly uniform dispersed HMPB NPs were obtained by further etching with 1 M HCl.Results: In this work, we report a pH-responsive therapeutic nanoplatform based on HMPB NPs. Surprisingly, as-prepared HMPB NPs with ultra-high bioactive substances loading capacity of 329 μg mg− 1 owing to the large surface area (131.67 m2 g− 1) and wide internal pore size distribution (1.8– 96.2 nm). Moreover, with the outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency of HMPB NPs (30.13%), natural bioactive substances were released in the tumor microenvironment (TME). HMPB@PC B2 achieved excellent synergistic therapeutic effects of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy (CT) in vivo and in vitro without causing any extraneous side effects.Conclusion: A biocompatible HMPB@PC B2 nanoplatform was constructed by simple physical adsorption. The in vitro and in vivo experiment results demonstrated that the synergy of PTT/CT provided excellent therapeutic efficiency for cervical cancer without toxicity. Altogether, as-designed nanomedicines based on natural bioactive substances may be provide a promising strategy for cancer therapy.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: HMPB NPs, natural bioactive substances, synergistic therapy, negligible side effect

Su’e Shao,1 Meifang Huang,2 Heng Zhang,1 Gangqiang Peng,1 Min Song,1 Jing Liu,1 Dan Xu1 1Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Meifang Huang, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 East Lake Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430061, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13307110223, Email 1657791068@qq.com Heng Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, No. 26 Shengli Street, Jiang’an District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430014, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18627886610, Email 653262549@qq.comPurpose: To retrospectively collect and analyze demographic information as well as symptoms, laboratory results, endoscopic and pathologic findings, and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) patients in Wuhan, China.Methods: Patients who were diagnosed as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and hospitalized from January 2012 to December 2017 were enrolled in this study. The clinical characteristics including symptoms, laboratory results, and treatment were reviewed and analyzed.Results: Totally 821 cases were screened, and finally 430 UC patients and 286 CD patients were selected and enrolled in this study. The most common symptom in UC patients was bloody stool (90.7%) followed by diarrhea (87.7%), mucus in stool (72.1%), and abdominal pain (66.3%), which were significantly different from those of CD patients (P < 0.01). In contrast, the most common symptom in CD patients was abdominal pain (80.0%) followed by diarrhea (58.4%), bloody stool (27.6%), and fever (18.2%). Erythrocyte sedimentation, C-reactive protein, and platelets were significantly increased, while hemoglobin was decreased, in the moderately or highly active IBD. The percentage of positive perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody was significantly higher in UC patients (31.1%) than that in CD patients (4.8%, P < 0.001), while the percentage of positive anti-intestinal goblet cell antibody was significantly higher in CD patients (23.1%) than that in UC patients (14.9%, P = 0.037).Conclusion: The findings of the current study may provide evidence-based information for Chinese gastroenterologists to treat IBD more effectively in the future.Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis

ZhaoHui Xu,1,2,&ast; Hui Qu,1,2,&ast; YanYing Ren,1 ZeZhong Gong,1,2 Hyok Ju Ri,1,2 Fan Zhang,1,&ast; Shuai Shao,1 XiaoLiang Chen,1 Xin Chen1 1Department of Hernia and Colorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 2Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xin Chen, Tel +86 17709872266, Email chenxincjz@gmail.comBackground: The E2 factor (E2F) family of transcription factors is dysregulated in numerous cancer types and may play a vital role in the development of various malignancies. However, to our knowledge, the specific function of each of the E2Fs and their relation to the disease prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remain unknown.Materials and Methods: We used different publicly available databases and tools, such as ONCOMINE, GEPIA2, UALCAN, cBioPortal, Kaplan–Meier plotter, Metascape, and TIMER analysis, to do an in silico exploration of the potential roles of E2Fs in CRC.Results: In our analyses, we found a downregulation of E2F2 expression and an upregulation of E2F1 and E2F3-8 expression in CRC tissues compared to normal controls. These findings were consistent with our subgroup analysis using the different clinicopathological features of CRC patients. Furthermore, overexpression of E2F3 and E2F4 were significantly correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in colon cancer patients. Meanwhile, low levels of E2F2 resulted in a shorter OS in rectal cancer patients. The E2F family members had varying degrees of genetic alterations with the highest alteration rate observed in E2F1 (23%). Interestingly, a moderate positive express correlation had been found in the following E2F family members: E2F1 with E2F4, E2F2 with E2F7, E2F2 with E2F8, and E2F7 with E2F8. In addition, spearman analysis revealed that E2Fs have a strong positive correlation with the critical oncogenes in CRC patients. Lastly, the expression of E2Fs was significantly associated with the infiltration of six immune cells.Conclusion: In this study, we found that E2F2, E2F3, and E2F4 have the potential to be novel prognostic biomarkers in CRC. The role of these E2F family members in disease pathology may be related to their functions in cell cycle regulation, therapeutic resistance, immune cell infiltration, and epithelia-to-mesenchymal transition. Further studies are required to validate our results; however, our findings may help provide a foundation for broadening our understanding of CRC pathology.Keywords: colorectal cancer, E2F, biomarkers, prognosis, bioinformatics

Lanju Wang,1,2,&ast; Mengli Wu,2,&ast; Jingjing Ma,2,&ast; Ziwei Ma,2 Jiahui Liang,2 Ningya Tao,2,3 Yangguang Ren,4 Shujun Shao,1 Xin Qi,1 Zhizeng Wang2 1Department of Blood Transfusion, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, People’s Republic of China; 2Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China; 3Pingyu Health School, Zhumadian, Henan, 463400, People’s Republic of China; 4Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xin Qi, Department of Blood Transfusion, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15038239612, Email zlyyqixin4215@zzu.edu.cn Zhizeng Wang, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15093628687, Email wzhzeng@126.comPurpose: A rapid, convenient, cost-effective in-home test method for identifying heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) in plasma and blood by a lateral-flow immunoassay (LFIA) based on selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was developed.Methods: SeNPs were synthesized by using L-ascorbic acid to reduce seleninic acid at room temperature and conjugated with an anti-H-FABP monoclonal antibody. The limit of detection, specificity, and stability were measured, and clinical samples were analyzed.Results: The SeNPs were spherical with a diameter of 39.48 ± 3.72 nm and were conjugated successfully with an anti-H-FABP antibody, resulting in a total diameter of 46.52 ± 2.95 nm. The kit was designed for the determination of H-FABP in plasma specimens and whole blood specimens. The limit of detection was 1 ng/mL in plasma and blood, and the results could be determined within 10 min. No cross-reaction occurred with cardiac troponin I, creatine kinase-MB or myoglobin. The kits were stored at 40 °C for up to 30 days without significant loss of activity. The sensitivity was determined to be 100%, the specificity 96.67%, and the overall coincidence rate 97.83%.Conclusion: This SeNP assay kit can conveniently, rapidly, and sensitively detect H-FABP in plasma or blood with a readout of a simple color change visible to the naked eye with no special device, and can be used as an auxiliary means for the early screening of AMI.Clinical Trial Registration: Plasma and blood samples were used under approval from the Experimental Animal Ethics committee of the Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University. The clinical trial registration number was HUSOM-2019-047.Keywords: heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, selenium nanoparticle, lateral-flow immunoassay, point-of-care test, blood

Honglin Li,1,&ast; Chunzheng Ma,1,&ast; Sisi Chang,2 Yutan Xi,2 Shuai Shao,2 Mengli Chen,2 Juan Ren,2 Mingyue Sun,1 Liang Dong1 1Oncology Department, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Oncology Department, Henan Provincial University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Honglin Li, Oncology Department, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Dongfeng Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, People’s Republic of China, Email 46991701@qq.com Chunzheng Ma, Oncology Department, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Dongfeng Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, People’s Republic of China, Email mchzh666@126.comObjective: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an ancient form of personalized medicine and may improve morbidity and mortality in patients with esophageal cancer. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the utility of TCM in the treatment of stage IV esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Methods: We collected the medical records of patients with stage IV SCC admitted to Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Linzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between July 2017 and June 2020. We used univariate and multivariate analyses to determine if the use of TCM improved patient prognosis. Moreover, cluster analysis was used to classify the patients according to TCM syndrome type and identify the most frequently used combinations of remedies.Results: After that 402 patients were included in PSM, of which 196 (48.8%) were treated with traditional Chinese medicine. TCM prolonged the survival time of patients with stage IV esophageal SCC (P=0.084), and was an independently associated with prognosis as demonstrated by Cox multivariate regression analysis [risk ratio (RR) =0.543, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.390– 0.755, P< 0.001]. Association analysis revealed 75 cases (38.26%) had obstruction of phlegm and qi syndrome, 53 cases (27.04%) had phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, 38 cases (19.39%) had yang-qi deficiency syndrome, and 30 cases (15.31%) had heat retention and fluid consumption syndrome.Conclusion: Treatment with TCM derived therapies may increase the survival time of patients with stage IV esophageal SCC. Since these patients were diagnosed with different TCM syndromes, individualized TCM therapy is essential for improving symptoms and survival.Keywords: esophageal cancer, survival time, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type, syndrome differentiation, syndrome treatment

ZhaoHui Xu,1,2 Hui Qu,1,2 YanYing Ren,1 ZeZhong Gong,1,2 Hyok Ju Ri,1– 3 Fan Zhang,1 XiaoLiang Chen,1 WanJi Zhu,1 Shuai Shao,1 Xin Chen1 1Department of Hernia and Colorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China; 2Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Hospital of Pyongyang Medical College, Pyongyang, 999093, People’s Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: Xin Chen Tel +86 17709872266Email chenxincjz@gmail.comBackground: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is ravaging the world. To date, there are no standard therapies available to cure the disease. Consequently, research on COVID-19 vaccines is booming. This report aimed to assess the research trends of the global COVID-19 vaccines.Methods: The relevant publications on the COVID-19 vaccines were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection Database (WOSCC) database from December 2019 to 11 August 2021. The VOSviewer1.6.16 was used to assess the co-authorship, co-occurrence, citation of countries, institutions, authors, journals, and hotspot keywords. The HistCiteTM (http://www.histcite.com/) software was used to calculate the total local citation score (TLCS) and total global citation score (TGCS) of each variable and generate the citation historiography graph of COVID-19 vaccine development using the citation time series analysis method.Results: A total of 5070 studies authored by 21,151 researchers and published by 1364 different journals were eventually included in this study. The bulk of the retrieved studies were original articles (n = 2401, 47.36%). Among these studies, 1204 (23.75%) were published in 2020. A total of 3863 (76.19%) were published in 2021 and 4295 (84.71%) were open access. The highest number of studies was conducted in the USA, followed by England, China, and Germany. The main partners of the USA were China, England, and Canada. The University of Maryland (TLCS: 1618, TGCS: 2991) and Prof. Ugur Sahin from the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University (TLCS: 1397, TGCS: 2407) were the most cited institution and author, respectively. The vaccines featured the highest number of papers, with 294 publications (TLCS: 0, TGCS: 1226). The most cited journal was the New England Journal of Medicine (TLCS: 3310, TGCS: 5914), with an impact factor (IF) of 91.245. The related topics included the following six aspects: attitudes towards vaccination, immunoinformatics analysis, clinical research, effectiveness and side effects, and the public management of vaccines. The timing diagram revealed that the research hotspots focused on the side effects of vaccines and public attitude towards vaccination.Conclusion: This novel comprehensive bibliometric analysis can help researchers and non-researchers to rapidly identify the potential partners, landmark studies, and research topics within their domains of interest. Through this study, we hope to provide more data to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: bibliometric analysis, COVID-19, vaccines

Minwei Zhang,1,2,&ast; Shuxuan Shao,1,2,&ast; Haitao Yue,1,2 Xin Wang,3 Wenrui Zhang,1,2 Fei Chen,1,2 Li Zheng,1,2 Jun Xing,1,2 Yanan Qin1,2 1College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China; 2Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China; 3The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yanan Qin Email qingyalan12345@sina.comAbstract: In recent years, Au-based nanomaterials are widely used in nanomedicine and biosensors due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. However, these applications require Au NPs to have excellent stability in different environments, such as extreme pH, high temperature, high concentration ions, and various biomatrix. To meet the requirement of multiple applications, many synthetic substances and natural products are used to prepare highly stable Au NPs. Because of this, we aim at offering an update comprehensive summary of preparation high stability Au NPs. In addition, we discuss its application in nanomedicine. The contents of this review are based on a balanced combination of our studies and selected research studies done by worldwide academic groups. First, we address some critical methods for preparing highly stable Au NPs using polymers, including heterocyclic substances, polyethylene glycols, amines, and thiol, then pay attention to natural product progress Au NPs. Then, we sum up the stability of various Au NPs in different stored times, ions solution, pH, temperature, and biomatrix. Finally, the application of Au NPs in nanomedicine, such as drug delivery, bioimaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), clinical diagnosis, nanozyme, and radiotherapy (RT), was addressed concentratedly.Keywords: high stability Au NPs, polymer, natural product, resistance, nanomedicine

Objectives: To determine the clinical course of fetal isolated non‐immune‐mediated second‐degree atrioventricular block (AVB) and the factors associated with spontaneous recovery in these cases. Methods: Fetuses with isolated non‐immune‐mediated second‐degree AVB were recruited prospectively between 2014 and 2022. These fetuses were divided into two groups: those which recovered spontaneously and those which did not. Maternal and fetal characteristics and intrauterine and postnatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: The study cohort included 20 fetuses with isolated non‐immune‐mediated second‐degree AVB, diagnosed at a median gestational age of 22.0 (range, 17.0–35.0) weeks. In 12 fetuses, 1:1 atrioventricular conduction was restored spontaneously in utero and there was no recurrence during the postnatal follow‐up period. In the remaining eight fetuses, second‐degree AVB was maintained and, in six of these, the pregnancy was terminated on parental request. Of the two liveborn children who had persistent second‐degree AVB prenatally, one had progressed to complete AVB at the latest follow‐up, at the age of 34 months, but was asymptomatic, without heart enlargement or dysfunction. The other child progressed to complete AVB after delivery and was diagnosed with type‐2 long QT syndrome. This infant died aged 2 months. Fetuses in the group that recovered spontaneously had earlier gestational age at diagnosis (median, 20.0 (range, 17.0–26.0) vs 24.5 (range, 18.0–35.0) weeks; P = 0.004) and higher atrial rate at diagnosis (median, 147 (range, 130–160) vs 138 (range, 125–149) bpm; P = 0.006) in comparison with the group that did not recover spontaneously. The best cut‐off values for prediction of failure to recover spontaneously were 22.5 weeks' gestational age at diagnosis and 144 bpm atrial rate at diagnosis, with sensitivities of 87.5% and 75.0%, respectively, and specificities of 92.0% and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The outcome of 60% of fetuses with isolated non‐immune‐mediated second‐degree AVB was favorable. Earlier gestational age and higher atrial rate at diagnosis were associated with spontaneous reversion to normal sinus rhythm. Prenatal genetic testing should be performed in cases with persistent AVB, to exclude heritable disorders including long QT syndrome. These findings provide important information for clinical management and prenatal counseling in these cases. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shike Shao, Yongjun Fan, Chongpei Zhong, Xianlong Zhu, Jiaqiu Zhu Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiaqiu Zhu Email neurosurgeon0215@163.comObjective: To assess the expression levels of COTL1 in human GBM tissues and evaluate the potential involvement of COTL1 in cancer progression.Methods: Bioinformation analysis was performed to evaluate COTL1 mRNA levels in GBM tissues and normal tissues, according to the TCGA database, and explore the effects on prognosis. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were performed to evaluate COTL1 expression in human GBM tissues and the clinical pathological analysis was performed. Colony formation and MTT assays were performed to evaluate the effects of COTL1 on GBM cell proliferation. Immunoblot assays were performed to detect the expression level of COTL1, Ki67, and PCNA. A xenograft model was developed in mice to assess the effects of COTL1 on tumor growth in vivo.Results: We found COTL1 had an obvious high expression in human GBM tissues. The expression of COTL1 was related to recurrence (P=0.006**) and prognosis of patients with GBM. Our data further demonstrated COTL1 promoted cell proliferation in vitro and contributed to tumor growth of GBM cells in mice.Conclusion: We therefore identified a novel and promising therapeutic target for the treatment of GBM.Keywords: coactosin-like protein, COTL1, glioblastoma), GBM, proliferation, recurrence, prognosis