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In the past two decades, the computer technology industry has developed rapidly, and the geological prospecting industry is also undergoing a computerized and electronic revolution. The application technology of new geological information systems is gradually adding us to the spatial information system of geological prospecting projects. In order to deeply study the current situation of the artificial neural network model in the spatial analysis of our country’s geographic information system, this paper uses the traditional classification analysis method; database analysis and neural network analysis method of compensating samples were collected, an artificial model of the network is established, and the algorithm is simplified. And a neural network model is created. In the research of A and B counties’ geographic information system, using a new network model, 61 geological disasters were found in County A, of which 47 were landslides, 4 collapses, and 10 unstable slopes. There were 19 geographical disasters in County B, including 9 unstable slopes, 6 landslides and 4 collapses. In terms of geographic prediction combined with the network model, the comparison with the actual situation shows that the geographical distribution is 99.7% in the geographical and geological disaster-prone areas, and the geographical distribution is less in the nonprone areas, with a proportion of 0.3%. Geological disaster-prone areas of low points accounted for 76.9%, and the number of disaster-affected points in the low-prone areas accounted for 22.8%. The geographical and geological grades divided by the evaluation model are basically consistent with the actual grades, which can meet the needs of geographic evaluation. It is basically realized that starting from the model’s geographic information system, a more comprehensive and practical artificial neural network model is designed.

Bone metastasis is associated with cancer‐related death in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in tumor progression of PCa. Nevertheless, the biological function of lncRNAs in PCa bone metastasis remains unclear. PCAT7 was identified as a bone metastasis‐related lncRNA via analyzing TCGA dataset. Meanwhile, PCAT7 was found to be elevated in primary PCa tissues with bone metastasis and associated with bone metastasis status and poor prognosis of patients with PCa. Functionally, our results reveal that PCAT7 overexpression promotes PCa bone metastasis in vivo, as well as migration, invasion, and EMT of PCa cells in vitro; on the contrary, PCAT7 knockdown has an inverse effect. Mechanistically, PCAT7 activates TGF‐β/SMAD signaling by upregulating TGFBR1 expression via sponging miR‐324‐5p. In turn, TGF‐β signaling forms a positive feedback loop with PCAT7 via SMAD3/SP1 complex‐induced PCAT7 upregulation. Finally, the clinical positive correlation between PCAT7 and TGFBR1 and TGF‐β signaling activity, and the negative association with miR‐324‐5p are further demonstrated in PCa tissues and clinical primary PCa cells. This study reveals a novel mechanism that is responsible for the constitutive activation of TGF‐β signaling in PCa bone metastasis, implying that PCAT7 can act as a potential therapeutic target against bone metastasis of PCa via disrupting the constitutive active loop between PCAT7 and TGF‐β signaling., lncRNA PCAT7 is upregulated in primary prostate cancer tissues with bone metastasis. PCAT7 activates TGF‐β/SMAD signaling by upregulating TGFBR1 expression via sponging miR‐324‐5p. In turn, TGF‐β signaling forms a positive feedback loop with PCAT7 via SMAD3/SP1 complex‐induced PCAT7 upregulation. This feedback loop promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis.

The prime issue derived from prostate cancer (PCa) is its high prevalence to metastasize to bone. MicroRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) has been reported to be involved in the development and metastasis in a variety of cancers. However, the clinical significance and biological functions of miR-204-5p in bone metastasis of PCa are still not reported yet. In this study, we find that miR-204-5p expression is reduced in PCa tissues and serum sample with bone metastasis compared with that in PCa tissues and serum sample without bone metastasis, which is associated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics and poor bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Moreover, upregulation of miR-204-5p inhibits the migration and invasion of PCa cells in vitro, and importantly, upregulating miR-204-5p represses bone metastasis of PCa cells in vivo. Our results further demonstrated that miR-204-5p suppresses invasion, migration, and bone metastasis of PCa cells via inactivating nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling by simultaneously targeting TRAF1, TAB3, and MAP3K3. In clinical PCa samples, miR-204-5p expression negatively correlates with TRAF1, TAB3, and MAP3K3 expression and NF-κB signaling activity. Therefore, our findings reveal a new mechanism underpinning the bone metastasis of PCa, as well as provide evidence that miR-204-5p might serve as a novel serum biomarker in bone metastasis of PCa. This study identifies a novel functional role of miR-204-5p in bone metastasis of prostate cancer and supports the potential clinical value of miR-204-5p as a serum biomarker in bone metastasis of PCa.

Fibrostenosis is a serious complication of Crohn’s disease (CD), affecting approximately one-half of all patients. Surgical resection is the typical clinical end due to ineffective antifibrotic therapy mainly through anti-inflammatory treatment and fibrosis can be reverted only at early stages. Mover, human fibrotic disorders is known to be associated with aging process. Thus, accurate monitoring of the progression of fibrosis is crucial for CD management as well as can be benefit to aging related fibrosis. The excessive deposition of type I collagen (ColI) is the core point in major complications of fibrosis, including that in patients with CD and aging related fibrosis. Therefore, a MR imaging probe (EP-3533) targeted ColI was employed to stage bowel fibrosis in CD using a rat model and to compare its efficiency with the common MR imaging contrast medium gadopentetatedimeglumine (Gd-DTPA). The bowel fibrotic rat model was established with different degrees of bowel fibrosis, were scanned using a 3.0-T MRI scanner with a specialized animal coil. MRI sequence including T1 mapping and T1-weighed imaging were performed before and after injecting the MRI probe (EP-3533 or Gd-DTPA). The T1 relaxation time (T1 value) and change in the contrast-to-noise ratio (ΔCNR) were measured to evaluate bowel fibrosis. Masson’s trichrome staining was performed to determine the severity of fibrosis. EP-3533 offered a better longitudinal relaxivity (r1) with 67.537 L/mmol·s, which was approximately 13 times that of Gd-DTPA. The T1 value on bowel segments was reduced in the images from EP-3533 compared to that from Gd-DTPA (F = 16.478; p < 0.001). Additionally, a better correlation between ΔCNR calculated from EP-3533 imaging and bowel fibrosis (AUC = 0.846) was determined 10 min after enhanced media administration than with Gd-DTPA (AUC = 0.532). The 10th-minute ΔCNR performed using the ColI probe showed the best correlation with the severity of bowel fibrosis (r = 0.538; p = 0.021). Our results demonstrates that targeted MRI probe (EP-3533) supplies a better enhanced effect compared to Gd-DTPA and could be a promising method to evaluate the progression and monitor the therapeutic response of bowel fibrosis.

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a degenerative condition of the spine that caused by static and dynamic compression of the spinal cord. However, the mechanisms of motor and somatosensory conduction, as well as pathophysiological changes at dynamic neck positions remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the interplay between neurophysiological and hemodynamic responses at dynamic neck positions in the CSM condition, and the pathological basis behind. We first demonstrated that CSM patients had more severe dynamic motor evoked potentials (DMEPs) deteriorations upon neck flexion than upon extension, while their dynamic somatosensory evoked potentials (DSSEPs) deteriorated to a similar degree upon extension and flexion. We therefore generated a CSM rat model which developed similar neurophysiological characteristics within a 4-week compression period. At 4 weeks-post-injury, these rats presented decreased spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) and oxygen saturation (SO2) at the compression site, especially upon cervical flexion. The dynamic change of DMEPs was significantly correlated with the change in SCBF from neutral to flexion, suggesting they were more sensitive to ischemia compared to DSSEPs. We further demonstrated significant vascular redistribution in the spinal cord parenchyma, caused by angiogenesis mainly concentrated in the anterior part of the compressed site. In addition, the comparative ratio of vascular densities at the anterior and posterior parts of the cord was significantly correlated with the perfusion decrease at neck flexion. This exploratory study revealed that the motor and somatosensory conductive functions of the cervical cord changed differently at dynamic neck positions in CSM conditions. Compared with somatosensory conduction, the motor conductive function of the cervical cord suffered more severe deteriorations upon cervical flexion, which could partly be attributed to its higher susceptibility to spinal cord ischemia. The uneven angiogenesis and vascular distribution in the spinal cord parenchyma might underlie the transient ischemia of the cord at flexion.

In this study, we investigated the utility of native T1 mapping in differentiating between various grades of fibrosis and compared its diagnostic accuracy to magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) in a rat model of CD. Bowel specimens (64) from 46 CD model rats undergoing native T1 mapping and MTI were enrolled. The longitudinal relaxation time (T1 value) and normalized magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) were compared between none-to-mild and moderate-to-severe fibrotic bowel walls confirmed by pathological assessments. The results showed that the correlation between the T1 value and fibrosis (r = 0.438, p &lt, 0.001) was lower than that between the normalized MTR and fibrosis (r = 0.623, p &lt, 0.001). Overall, the T1 values (t = −3.066, p = 0.004) and normalized MTRs (z = 0.081, p &lt, 0.001) in none-to-mild fibrotic bowel walls were lower than those in moderate-to-severe fibrotic bowel walls. The area under the curve (AUC) of the T1 value (AUC = 0.716, p = 0.004) was significantly lower than that of the normalized MTR (AUC = 0.881, p &lt, 0.001) in differentiating moderate-to-severe fibrosis from none-to-mild fibrosis (z = −2.037, p = 0.042). Our results support the view that the T1 value could be a promising imaging biomarker in grading the fibrosis severity of CD. However, the diagnostic performance of native T1 mapping was not superior to MTI.

In this study, we investigated the utility of native T1 mapping in differentiating between various grades of fibrosis and compared its diagnostic accuracy to magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) in a rat model of CD. Bowel specimens (64) from 46 CD model rats undergoing native T1 mapping and MTI were enrolled. The longitudinal relaxation time (T1 value) and normalized magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) were compared between none-to-mild and moderate-to-severe fibrotic bowel walls confirmed by pathological assessments. The results showed that the correlation between the T1 value and fibrosis (r = 0.438, p < 0.001) was lower than that between the normalized MTR and fibrosis (r = 0.623, p < 0.001). Overall, the T1 values (t = −3.066, p = 0.004) and normalized MTRs (z = 0.081, p < 0.001) in none-to-mild fibrotic bowel walls were lower than those in moderate-to-severe fibrotic bowel walls. The area under the curve (AUC) of the T1 value (AUC = 0.716, p = 0.004) was significantly lower than that of the normalized MTR (AUC = 0.881, p < 0.001) in differentiating moderate-to-severe fibrosis from none-to-mild fibrosis (z = −2.037, p = 0.042). Our results support the view that the T1 value could be a promising imaging biomarker in grading the fibrosis severity of CD. However, the diagnostic performance of native T1 mapping was not superior to MTI.

The traditional identification method of access path information requires a lot of data packets and uses a fixed probability, and the identification accuracy is low. To this end, a new method for a...

Background: The reciprocal repressive loop between ZEB1 and miRNAs has been extensively reported to play an important role in tumor progression and metastasis of various human tumor types. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role and the underlying mechanism of the double-negative feedback loop between ZEB1and miR-33a-5p in bone metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: miR-33a-5p expression was examined in 40 bone metastatic and 165 non-bone metastatic PCa tissues by real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical correlation between miR-33a-5p expression and clinicopathological characteristics, and overall and bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. The biological roles of miR-33a-5p in bone metastasis of PCa were investigated both by EMT and the Transwell assay in vitro, and by a mouse model of left cardiac ventricle inoculation in vivo. siRNA library, real-time PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were used to identify the underlying mechanism responsible for the decreased expression of miR-33a-5p in PCa. Bioinformatics analysis, Western blotting and luciferase reporter analysis were employed to examine the relationship between miR-33a-5p and its potential targets. Clinical correlation of miR-33a-5p with its targets was examined in human PCa tissues and primary PCa cells. Results: miR-33a-5p expression was downregulated in PCa tissues with bone metastasis and bone-derived cells, and low expression of miR-33a-5p strongly and positively correlated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics, and shorter overall and bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Upregulating miR-33a-5p inhibited, while silencing miR-33a-5p promoted EMT, invasion and migration of PCa cells. Importantly, upregulating miR-33a-5p significantly repressed bone metastasis of PC-3 cells in vivo. Our results further revealed that recurrent ZEB1 upregulation induced by copy number gains transcriptionally inhibited miR-33a-5p expression, contributing to the reduced expression of miR-33a-5p in bone metastatic PCa tissues. In turn, miR-33a-5p formed a double negative feedback loop with ZEB1 in target-independent manner, which was dependent on TGF-β signaling. Finally, the clinical negative correlations of miR-33a-5p with ZEB1 expression and TGF-β signaling activity were demonstrated in PCa tissues and primary PCa cells. Conclusion: Our findings elucidated that copy number gains of ZEB1-triggered a TGF-β signaling-dependent miR-33a-5p-mediated negative feedback loop was highly relevant to the bone metastasis of PCa.

Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a degenerative condition of the spine that caused by static and dynamic compression of the spinal cord. However, the pathophysiological changes at dynamic neck positions remain poor. This study investigated the interplay between neurophysiological and haemodynamic responses at dynamic neck positions in a chronic compressive spinal cord injury (CCSCI) rat model. Methods: Behavioural tests including Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores and an inclined plane test were used to evaluate the motor function recovery. Combined examination of dynamic motor and somatosensory evoked potentials (DMEPs and DSSEPs, respectively) was performed regularly to evaluate the dynamic motor and sensory conduction of the cervical cord. At 4 weeks post-injury (wpi), dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) were used to demonstrate the interstructure and spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) at the compression site at dynamic neck positions. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was performed to assess the cords' pathological changes.Results: Behavioural tests and combined DMEPs and DSSEPs examination showed that spinal cord neurological function and dynamic neural conduction deteriorated gradually within a 4-week compression period. The DMEPs were mainly deteriorated upon flexion, while DSSEPs were upon all neck positions after the compression. At 4 wpi, dynamic MRI showed increased T2-weighted image (T2WI) signal intensities. Also, dynamic LDF demonstrated decreased SCBF at the spinal cord compression site. Both of them altered especially upon cervical flexion. The dynamic change in SCBF was significantly correlated with the change in DMEP amplitude upon flexion. Conclusions: This exploratory study revealed that changes in axonal conduction in the motor and somatosensory tracts of the spinal cord were significantly related to chronic compression time and neck position. Furthermore, spinal cord ischaemia may be intimately related to motor conduction dysfunction upon flexion in CCSCI models. These results indicated the potential for therapies targeting dynamic spinal cord perfusion to prevent progression and functional loss in CSM.

Objective To determine the characteristics of the choriovascular anatomy, especially the potential role of arteriovenous perfusion imbalance in the pathogenesis of selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) using three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA). Method Computed tomography angiography of the placental choriovascular tree from 15 twins with sIUGR and 15 twins without sIUGR were analyzed, and inter-twin vascular anastomoses were compared between the placentas from these two groups. The parameters evaluated were the presence and measures of artery-to-artery anastomoses (AAA), vein-to-vein anastomoses (VVA) or artery-to-vein anastomoses (AVA). Results The frequency of AAA, VVA, and AVA did not differ significantly between sIUGR and without sIUGR-pairs. The area of the vein draining to the AVA in the larger twin's placenta was significantly greater in sIUGR compared to when no sIUGR was present. Based on the net cross-sectional area difference we speculate that in sIUGR there is net flow from the smaller to the larger twin. Conclusion We used 3D-CTA to display the vascular anastomoses in sIUGR twin pairs, demonstrating a difference in cross-sectional diameter of the vein draining to the AVA.

Table S1 A list of primers used in the KRas CHIP assay. Table S2.A list of primers used in the HRas CHIP assay. Table S3. A list of primers used in the reactions for real-time RT-PCR (DOCX 16 kb)

Objective We sought to investigate the incidence of cardiac abnormalities in patients with idiopathic scoliosis and identify risk factors related to cardiac abnormalities. Methods A cohort of 531 patients with idiopathic scoliosis requiring surgical treatment in our hospital from March 2009 to August 2017 were recorded. Clinical data including medical records, radiograph, and echocardiogram were collected. All patients were divided into groups: control, congenital heart disease (CHD), and other cardiac abnormalities (OCAs). The incidence and related factors for cardiac abnormalities were analyzed. Results The age of the study cohort was 17.8 ± 7.3 years. The average Cobb angle was 57.7 ± 16.5 degrees. Cardiac abnormalities were found in 149 (28.06%) patients, including 22 (4.14%) with CHD and 127 (23.92%) with OCAs. Atrial septal defect was the most common CHD with an incidence of 1.13% (6 of 531). Mitral valve prolapse was detected in 62 (11.68%) patients, which was the most prevalent OCA. Patients with CHD or OCAs weighed less as compared with patients without cardiac abnormalities. Low height was associated with CHD in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Six patients with severe cardiac abnormalities must undergo cardiac intervention before scoliosis surgery. Conclusions The overall incidence of cardiac abnormalities was 28.81% in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. An echocardiogram may be helpful as a preoperative examination for patients with idiopathic scoliosis before scoliosis surgery.

Background Cortical vein thrombosis (CVT) receives little attention in adult patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). This study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological features of adult CVST patients with concomitant CVT. Methods From May 2009 to May 2016, we recruited 44 adult CVST patients (diagnosed within 1 month of onset; 33.8 ± 14.0 years of age, 28 males). CVT was primarily confirmed using computed tomography venography and magnetic resonance imaging sequence of contrast enhanced three dimensions magnetization prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo. Patients with concomitant CVT were divided into the CVT group; otherwise, the patients were placed into the non-CVT group. The clinico-radiological characteristics were compared between the two groups. Results The CVT group included 27 patients (61.4%), and the non-CVT group included 17 patients (38.6%). Seizure (63.0% versus 11.8%), focal neurological deficits (44.4% versus 5.9%), and consciousness disorders (33.3% versus 0) occurred more frequently in the patients in the CVT group than in those of the non-CVT group (P

The use of CTV, MRV, and CE-3D-MPRAGE in two groups. Table S1 showed that the rates of CTV, MRV, and CE-3D-MPRAGE utilization in CVT group were 29.6%, 85.2% and 85.2% respectively, while the rates in non-CVT group were 23.5%, 100% and 100% respectively. Table S2. Positive rate of CVT of different neuroimaging tests in the patients of CVT group respectively. Table S2 demonstrated that positive rate of CTV was 75.0% and lower than CE-3D-MPRAGE (95.7%). (DOCX 16 kb)

As one of the earliest application for E-commerce, E-tailing has existed for several years. This paper will discuss this topic in details. There are seven sections in this paper including introduction, state of industry, benefits and barriers of E-tailing, why E-tailing failed, successful case analysis, Trends of E-tailing and conclusion.