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The IDS Project was formed in 2003 to improve resource sharing among the State University of New York colleges. Over the years it grew from the original 12 to over 120 libraries. While the focus has always been on community, there has also been a strong developmental desire and innovative push from its members. IDS Project has developed many systems and tools over the years and continues to support resource sharing among all libraries and not just its members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a qualitative research with in-depth interviews with Tunisian travellers and netnography on travel related blogs, we aim to investigate how connected technologies modified imaginaries in the travel experience through the (non)sharing behaviour. Findings demonstrate a related expressed paradoxical behaviour swinging between 'self-promotion' and 'evil eye': the former being the desire to be socially visible and included, and the latter is the fear of being jinxed by others. Accordingly, we identify five different travellers' profiles. We conclude that paradoxical social imaginaries of both worldviews can coexist within the travel experience, leading to an incredible complexity and a continuous oscillation between both. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many consumers are caregivers and, as part of caregiving, frequently make food choices for their dependents. This research examines how food choices made for children influence the healthiness of parents' subsequent self-choices. Whereas prior work focuses on choices for the self (others) as based on self-needs (other-needs), the authors theorize when and why self-choices involve consideration of other-needs. Five studies, including a nursery school field study, test the effect of choosing healthy food for a child on the healthiness of parents' self-choices, focusing on the role of anticipating potentially sharing self-choices with one's child. Potential sharing increased parents' likelihood of making an unhealthy subsequent self-choice if they first made a healthy choice for their child. This effect was driven by parents' present-focused parenting concerns about whether one's child would eat and enjoy healthy options chosen for them. This effect was mitigated when parents instead had future-focused parenting concerns. Additionally, this effect was mitigated after making an initial choice for the child that was (1) unhealthy or (2) healthy but relatively liked by the child. This research contributes to understanding how choices for others shape choices for the self and offers important marketing and policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owners value heritage goods, items that connect them to a shared past, whether through their alma mater or their family history. This research considers the impact of heritage on owners who wish to sell such goods. In five studies, the authors demonstrate that sellers have a lower willingness to accept when selling heritage goods to buyers with a shared heritage connection relative to buyers without this connection (i.e., a heritage discount). This heritage discount cannot be explained by ingroup favoritism, sentimental value, or appropriateness of buyer usage and persists even when sellers perceive that the buyer has a higher willingness to pay. The authors provide process evidence that the effect of the buyer's identity on the seller's willingness to accept is driven by concerns about heritage loss. The findings contribute to literatures on sharing, sentimental goods, psychological ownership, and the endowment effect and have marketing implications for consumer goods (e.g., collectibles) that derive product value by connecting consumers to meaningful history and traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opportunities for the shared consumption of publicly available products that once might have been considered personal-use only, such as hand sanitizers and shampoos, are proliferating in the consumer environment. This work explores shared product consumption in these underresearched, but now ubiquitous, contexts. The authors suggest and find, over a series of five studies and across a variety of product domains, that sharing a product with strangers (i.e., sharing-out) engenders a lower sense of identification with the product, which leads to lower perceived product efficacy. They further show that the dampening effect of sharing-out on efficacy perceptions is limited to consumers high in self–brand connection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under servitization (one paradigm of non-ownership-transfer) business model such as sharing, a manufacturer is responsible not only for product design but also for maintenance. This paper deals with joint decision of product quality and maintenance under servitization. A model minimising total cost is formulated to obtain the optimal product quality, maintenance effort and maintenance times. We find that the total cost first decreases then increases with product quality, maintenance effort and maintenance times. Moderate quality and maintenance effort level are the best for the manufacturer, because too high or too low quality and effort cause too high total cost. However, preventive maintenance should be implemented as many times as possible until the failure cost is reduced to zero as long as each maintenance can save cost. Moreover, in the optimal joint decision, the product quality, maintenance effort and maintenance times are negatively correlated in pairs. In addition, we explore the impact of unit failure cost, product lifecycle, production cost, maintenance cost, and failure intensity on the manufacturer's optimal decisions. In extensions, we further take penalty cost, exponential failure distribution, discount rate, and customer usage into account. This paper provides insight for the manufacturer to jointly consider product design and maintenance under servitization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nuclear Notebook is researched and written by the staff of the Federation of American Scientists' Nuclear Information Project: director Hans M. Kristensen, senior research fellow Matt Korda, research associate Eliana Johns, and Scoville fellow Mackenzie Knight. The Nuclear Notebook column has been published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists since 1987. This issue's column examines the current state of global nuclear sharing arrangements, which include non- nuclear countries that possess nuclear-capable delivery systems for employment of a nuclear-armed state's nuclear weapons. To see all previous Nuclear Notebook columns, go to https:// thebulletin.org/nuclear-notebook/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines networks of n measuring parties sharing m nonsignaling resources that can be locally wired together: that is, each party follows a scheme to measure the resources in a cascaded fashion with inputs to later resources possibly depending on outputs of earlier-measured ones. A specific framework is provided for studying probability distributions arising in such networks, and this framework is used to directly prove some accepted, but often only implicitly invoked, facts: there is a uniquely determined and well-defined joint probability distribution for the outputs of all resources shared by the parties, and this joint distribution is nonsignaling. It is furthermore shown that is often sufficient to restrict consideration to only extremal nonsignaling resources when considering features and properties of such networks. Finally, the framework illustrates how the physical theory of nonsignaling boxes and local wirings is causal, supporting the applicability of the inflation technique to constrain such models. For an application, we probe the example of (3 , 2 , 2) inequalities that witness genuine three-party nonlocality according to the local-operations-shared-randomness definition, and show how all other examples can be derived from that of Mao et al (2022 Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 150401). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the concept of peer-to-peer energy sharing in wildlife communication systems is explored. In this context, wild animals can share energy wirelessly besides their data communications as they opportunistically come into range of each other. Our goal is to find a way to balance the energy among the nodes and minimize this energy loss. We propose a novel encounter-based energy-sharing scheme, called EBES, that utilizes single and multi-hop transmission to achieve energy balance, minimize energy losses, and maximize the lifetime of the wildlife communication system. EBES is based on a variety of parameters, including the amount of energy left in the system and the nodes' encounter rate, and buffer sizes. In the simulation studies, we considered a wildlife communication network that is involved in data communication and applied EBES over the opportunistic routing protocols such as EBR, Spray&Wait, and Epidemic resulting in a network lifetime increase of 35% and improving the routing protocols performance. Additionally, we compared EBES with the other well-known energy balancing techniques that also contribute to data communication such as EA-Epidemic, EERPFAnt, and OE-OLSR and the results show the remaining energy was improved by 31%, 26%, and 15%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orcas (Orcinus orca) are the top marine predators of the ocean, targeting multiple taxa including teleost fishes, elasmobranchs, seabirds, sea turtles, pinnipeds, odontocetes and other large cetaceans. According to their foraging strategies, genetics, acoustics, and morphology, orcas differentiate into ecotypes. Despite their cosmopolitan distribution, orcas are poorly studied in areas such as the Humboldt Current System of the Southeast Pacific coast. Since 2018 in northern Chile, presumed Type A orcas have been observed foraging on South American sea lions (Otaria byronia),benefiting from the presence of fishing vessels facilitating their hunt. These orcas were observed also pursuing large mixed groups of dusky (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) and long-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus capensis); however, predation on dusky dolphins was not documented. Here, we provide 28 additional sightings of orcas in two upwelling hotspots along northern Chile (15 around the Chañaral, Choros, and Damas Islandsin the Humboldt Penguin National Reserve from 2010--2023 and 13 in the Mejillones Peninsula from 2022--2023) and the first records of orcas effective hunting on dusky dolphins in this area. We present three new observations of orca tooth rake marks on fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) dorsal fins in northern Chile. Furthermore, we observed the same orcas on two occasions foraging on dusky dolphins and sharing dolphin meat among group members. Overall, these observations suggest that orcas in northern Chile forage on marine mammals, especially on dusky dolphins, and the number of such predation events seems to be increasing near the coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusion Implementation of national haemovigilance programmes has significantly improved donor and recipient safety. Recently, India completed a decade of successful implementation of its national haemovigilance programmes. The national programme is still enrolling more blood centres. This study aimed to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of Haemovigilance Programme of India (HvPI), thereby providing valuable insights for future initiatives.The National Coordinating Centre (NCC) conducted a multi‐centre, cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based survey among the reporting blood centres (January to April 2022). The survey consisted of three sections with a total of 27 questions focusing on the demographics of the participant blood centre as well as the impact on the recipient and donor haemovigilance. The survey was sent to 733 blood centres regularly reporting to the donor and recipient HvPI through Donor and Hemovigil Software.Total 296 responses were received (response rate of 40.4%) with maximum participation of private non‐teaching hospital‐based blood centres (33.8%). After their involvement in recipient HvPI, 85.7% of the respondents reported changes in their blood centre's work procedures, with the maximum improvement seen in the documentation of transfusion reactions (92.7%). Out of the 278 respondents who participated in donor HvPI, 89.9% (250) found that their blood centre's policies or work process changed as a result of their involvement in the programme.In conclusion, our haemovigilance programme facilitates national collaboration for learning and sharing experiences, leading to improved policies and practices in reducing adverse reactions for both recipients and donors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shared sanitation facilities have replaced open defecation in many areas, improving sanitation access. Although a broad body of literature has been published regarding the importance of shared sanitation services, it is still unclear how to assess their quality. The objective of this review was to synthesize evidence on the use of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements and identify indicators for assessing their quality. We conducted a systematic review of relevant studies and a total of 248 studies were included in the final analysis. Findings include a proposed list of indicators for evaluating the quality of shared sanitation such as the number of people sharing facilities, cleanliness, privacy, facility location, accessibility, and safety, and a tool for distinguishing between sanitation facilities that are improved shared, basic shared and unimproved shared. We recommend incorporating the proposed indicators in primary data collection, and routine national and global sanitation monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global health emergencies often lead to a proliferation of health-related research and resultant data, which is shared across borders to help control the outbreak of disease and support decision-making regarding public health interventions. However, efforts to share data can be hindered by diverse international ethical and legal frameworks. The frameworks aim to govern coordinated processing, sharing and transfer of health data across borders thus placing burdens on researchers who are willing or obligated to share data. In this paper, we investigate ethical values and legal principles that can be applied to ensure a more streamlined approach in the governance of cross-border health data sharing during global health emergencies. A scoping review approach was used to better understand emerging evidence about issues related to the ethical and legal governance of cross-border health data sharing. We first highlight the challenges of sharing health data across borders. We then discuss how the challenges might be overcome through the application of ethical values and legal principles that have been identified in literature. This is followed by a proposal for possible ways of streamlining the governance of health data sharing from ethical and legal perspectives in a bid to better prepare for future global health emergencies and promote the responsible sharing of health data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In wireless communication, spectral efficiency is one of the key performance parameters. The available limited resources must be effectively shared among different applications. Due to the tremendous demand for wireless applications, an effective technique could be used for sharing the resources (time/frequency). Non-orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), is a wireless network technique aimed at boosting spectral efficiency. In NOMA, Users in the downlink have received a super-imposed signal from a Base Station (BS) with varying power allocations. Depending on the power allocation, the receiver employs interference cancelation techniques to decode its own data. The effectiveness of interference cancelation hinges on achieving a perfect channel condition, which is challenging to achieve in practical scenarios. This study introduces an unsupervised Deep Learning (DL) approach known as autoencoder, aimed at interference cancelation to ensure signal decoding from super-imposed signal. In contrast to the traditional approach, simulation results of the proposed structure show that the DL-based receiver achieves superior performance in correctly decoding the signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sharing genetic and other study results with the communities who participate in research falls under benefit-sharing and capacity-building initiatives that underpin a more equitable biomedical research relationship. Yet, which results to return and how remain fundamental challenges that persist in the absence of practical guidance and institutional policies. Here, we discuss how the return of results can be implemented across different geographies, study designs, and project budgets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals are normatively expected to consume diverse viewpoints to become good citizens capable of deliberation although empirical evidence does not necessarily support this norm. To explain this inconsistency, this study proposes three motivations for disagreement processing – defensive dismissal, defensive deliberation, and balanced deliberation – by drawing from theory of motivated reasoning and the Heuristic-Systematic Model. Analyses of a two-wave survey conducted in the U.S. highlight the importance of motivations behind diverse exposure – rather than mere exposure – in facilitating deliberative practices. Specifically, balanced deliberation motivations can promote cross-cutting discussion through diverse exposure whereas defensive motivations facilitate diverse news sharing on social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nile River has been both an engine of development and a cause of controversy among its riparian states for millennia. This paradox took on an international dimension with the inception of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). Using a qualitative research method, this paper investigates the GERD controversy and the role of a benefit-sharing approach in the Nile Basin. The dam negotiations have been hampered by unjust colonial treaties, the hardline interests of Egypt and Ethiopia, politicisation, uncertainty about the consequences of the dam's use and lopsided third-party intervention. The paper argues that the adoption of a benefit-sharing approach in the basin can sustain the Nile ecosystem, promote regional peace, increase water flow and decrease unnecessary expenses through modest intraregional cooperation. The resolution of the Nile Basin conflict thus relies on identifying the potential of the basin and on integrated cooperative frameworks adopted by the technocrats of its riparian states and international experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the continued drive for sharing the self online, social media users have been increasingly orienting to practices of 'not sharing' in the context of wider debates about digital wellbeing. In this article, we investigate how celebrities manage and navigate online sharing. We focus on media ideologies in social media posts that announce the celebrities' decision to 'take a break', i.e. to stop posting and/or engaging with social media content. Our analysis of these announcements as rich examples of metapragmatic awareness points to three main discourses that justify celebrities' decision to take a break: (a) mental health and wellbeing, (b) public-private boundaries, and (c) social justice and protest. These justifications of 'not sharing' are associated with metapragmatic typifications of celebrities who position themselves as vulnerable , but also as agentive , professional and role models for their fans. The article offers empirical insights into how power players of the social mediascape, such as celebrities, understand and orient to meanings and practices of digital sharing. In terms of practical implications, the study of celebrities' metapragmatic discourse reveals how fans, as ordinary users, are presented with opportunities and models of managing social media activity, owning mental health issues and acting on them. • Posts about taking a break from social media reveal users' metapragmatic discourse. • Not-sharing discourse points to changes in practices, attitudes and ideologies of sharing. • Media ideologies of (not) sharing focus on issues of users' privacy and wellbeing. • Celebrities (re)position themselves as mature, agentive and caring sharers. • Celebrities present their fans with models of digital sharing and owning mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Social media has transformed how music therapists work, with numerous practitioners utilizing the affordances of social media in music therapy practice. So far, music therapy research has been significantly limited regarding the ethical implications of social media use. A better understanding of the ethics of social media use is needed to inform the continuous evaluation of professional ethical guidelines. Methods: We conducted a systematic text condensation of transcripts from one conversational focus group consisting of five participants with diverse connections to music therapy and social media. Results: The results highlight the many ways social media can facilitate both substantial value as well as serious risk in music therapy practice. Through the analysis, it has also become clear that music therapists must make complex considerations in working with social media to maintain a level of responsible practice. Discussion: This study provides (a) insights and experiences from practice gathered in a conversational focus group, (b) discussions exploring the possible value and risks of social media use in music therapy, and (c) implications for practice including a summary of some ethical reflections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Federated learning is a decentralized privacy-preserving mechanism that allows multiple clients to collaborate without exchanging their datasets. Instead, they jointly train a model by uploading their own gradients. However, recent research has shown that attackers can use clients' gradients to reconstruct the original training data, compromising the security of federated learning. Thus, there has been an increasing number of studies aiming to protect gradients using different techniques. One common technique is secret sharing. However, it has been shown in previous research that when using secret sharing to protect gradient privacy, the original gradient cannot be reconstructed when one share is lost or a server is damaged, causing federated learning to be interrupted. In this paper, we propose an approach that involves using additive secret sharing for federated learning gradient aggregation, making it difficult for attackers to easily access clients' original gradients. Additionally, our proposed method ensures that any server damage or loss of gradient shares are unlikely to impact the federated learning operation, within a certain probability. We also added a membership level system, allowing members of varying levels to ultimately obtain models with different accuracy levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Modern Educational Technology is the property of Editorial Board of Modern Educational Technology, Tsinghua University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

I offer a philosophical account of shared grief, on which it is a process, undergone by a group, of recognising and accommodating significant possibilities that are lost to that group. In setting out from an understanding of grief's distinctive characteristics, a philosophically interesting, metaphysically undemanding, and practically useful account of shared grief comes into view, that has broader consequences for understanding shared emotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to an increase in the number of attacks on Industrial Control Systems (ICS), the security of these systems is now of paramount concern. Many solutions have been proposed to defend such systems, particularly those adopting Machine Learning (ML). The goal of this study is to increase the likelihood of the solution being deployed into a real environment. As part of that, multiple interviews were held with industry experts who have been embedded within ICS cyber-security for decades. The findings revealed that the current security solutions for ICS lack the sophistication required to be adopted due to flawed assumptions made about the end-user. Therefore, this work provides personas of each end-user group within ICS that need to be taken into consideration when designing a security solution. In addition, wireframes are provided showing what a desired solution could look like. By sharing these findings, it is hoped to inform those working within this space and increase the likelihood of their solutions being adopted within a real environment. Furthermore, the expert panel requested a number of features that do not currently exist within the ICS cyber-security space, therefore, by sharing these with the wider community, it is hoped that the field will move closer towards providing solutions containing these features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined children's self‐assessment of their prosociality, relative to average peers, in situations where the recipient is described as “needy” versus “not needy” (at a school of average socioeconomic level in south Israel; N = 158; aged 6–12 years; 51% males, December–May 2021). The results show that older children exhibited the better‐than‐average (BTA) effect by seeing themselves as more generous than peers. In contrast, younger children displayed the worse‐than‐average effect by expecting peers to be more generous than themselves. However, both effects were attenuated (ηp2$$ {\eta}_{\mathrm{p}}^2 $$ = .16) when the recipient was described as “needy,” leading to higher expectations of sharing from oneself and others. This implies that besides children's motivational tendency to self‐evaluate as BTA, they also base their evaluations on actual environmental cues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sharing large digital-first datasets, including for purposes for which they were not originally intended, is a hallmark of the “big data revolution”. Through their routine operations, private commercial companies collect massive amounts of diverse data from their customers, some of which may interest those working in the public sector, such as health researchers. Researchers and government agencies worldwide have been increasingly using data from commercial entities (such as Google, Microsoft, Apple, Facebook/Meta, Twitter/X and Amazon, among others) to generate health-related insights. This article explores ethical issues raised by the practice of commercial companies sharing consumer data with third parties for the purposes of promoting health in the sub-Saharan African (SSA) context. First, as an illustrative example, it examines some of the ways telecommunication (telecom) companies in SSA shared mobility data from cellphone users with public health researchers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, it examines a recent debate about the ethical responsibilities of companies that collect, process and share user-generated data, drawing implications for the SSA context. Finally, since this is a relatively understudied subject, we point out some areas where future conceptual and empirical work could contribute to the development of relevant ethics guidance and regulatory governance in SSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a fundamental problem to analyze the performance bound of multiple‐input multiple‐output dual‐functional radar‐communication systems. To this end, we derive a performance bound on the communication function under a constraint on radar performance. To facilitate the analysis, in this paper, we consider a simplified situation where there is only one downlink user and one radar target. We analyze the properties of the performance bound and the corresponding waveform design strategy to achieve the bound. When the downlink user and the radar target meet certain conditions, we obtain analytical expressions for the bound and the corresponding waveform design strategy. The results reveal a tradeoff between communication and radar performance, which is essentially caused by the energy sharing and allocation between radar and communication functions of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anticipated surge of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is expected to intensify the demand for mid-band spectrum resources, posing challenges to traditional spectrum sharing methods. This paper addresses the limitations of static database-assisted spectrum management frameworks and proposes a novel approach integrating high-resolution geospatial and real-time environmental data. Leveraging these inputs, the proposed framework enhances spectrum allocation accuracy, and mitigates interference more effectively, thereby increasing the access opportunities for IoT deployments. A detailed example scenario illustrates the efficacy of the proposed approach, demonstrating significant gains in spectrum sharing efficiency. It shows gains in the number of new entrants accessing the spectrum, ranging from 77% to 140%. These gains occur when moving to less conservative interference conditions and including more complex geospatial information in the propagation environment. These findings underscore the critical role of advanced spectrum sharing techniques in optimizing spectrum utilization for future IoT networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image copy‐move forgery, where an image region is copied and pasted within the same image, is a simple yet widely employed manipulation. In this paper, we rethink copy‐move forgery detection from the perspective of multi‐task learning and summarize two characteristics of this problem: (1) Homology and (2) Manipulated traces. Consequently, we propose a multi‐task forgery detection network (MTFDN) for image copy‐move forgery localization and source/target distinguishment. The network consists of a hard‐parameter sharing feature extractor, global forged homology detection (GFHD) and local manipulated trace detection (LMTD) modules. The difference of feature distribution between the GFHD module and the LMTD module is significantly reduced by sharing parameters. Experimental results on several benchmark copy‐move forgery datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed MTFDN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic libraries are entering a new reality for collections and resource sharing due to the increased acquisition of electronic books, or ebooks, during the last decade. The need to interlibrary loan (ILL) ebooks will likely increase based on current purchasing trends, but how well are we prepared for this future? Important advancements are underway, but ILL for ebooks is hampered by restrictive licensing models, resource sharing systems, and current practices. This study provides an environmental scan of the current acquisitions and ILL practices of academic libraries. This paper guides academic libraries through these conversations so that they can support the borrowing and lending of ebooks into the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People share information for many reasons. For example, Berger (2011, N = 40) found that undergraduate participants manipulated to have higher physiological arousal were more likely to share a news article with others via email than people who had low arousal. Berger's research is widely cited as evidence of the causal role of arousal in sharing information and has been used to explain why information that induces high-arousal emotions is shared more than information that induces low-arousal emotions. We conducted two replications (N = 111, N = 160) of Berger's study, using the same arousal manipulation but updating the sharing measure to reflect the rise of information sharing through social media. Both studies failed to find an impact of incidental physiological arousal on undergraduate participants' willingness to share news articles on social media. Our studies cast doubt on the idea that incidental physiological arousal--in the absence of other factors--impacts peoples decisions to share information on social networking sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sharing research data between researchers is becoming a requirement for open science in the field of clinical phonetics and speech and language pathology. An initiative entitled DELAD was started in 2015 to provide researchers a platform to discuss ongoing technical, legal and ethics issues related to sharing recordings of speech disorders, and to assist them in archiving their data for sharing with colleagues in the field. The ultimate goal of data sharing is to enhance research and teaching in the area of speech disorders. This paper first presents DELAD and its history and previous accomplishments. Then the recent work achieved by the DELAD steering group in providing information or recommendations in three areas are discussed: (1) speech annotation and automatic annotation mining, (2) consent and data storage, and (3) a role-play activity for learning data protection assessment. DELAD is an active community and researchers who share similar interests are welcome to join the (ad)venture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The doctrine of creation is a teaching shared across many faith traditions that requires urgent interdisciplinary attention today. Joanna Leidenhag's book Minding Creation considers how the philosophy of panpsychism might be beneficial to the Christian articulation of creation. This article is an overview of the book, in order to contextualize the four responses and author's reply that follows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When we encounter a disagreeing interlocutor in the weighty domains of religion, philosophy, and politics, what is the rational response to the disagreement? I argue that the rational response is to proportion the degree to which you give weight to the opinion of a disagreeing interlocutor to the degree to which you and your interlocutor share relevant beliefs. I begin with Richard Fumerton's three conditions under which we can rationally give no weight to the opinions of a disagreeing peer. I argue that his conditions are incomplete; I propose a fourth condition that maintains that disagreeing interlocutors (whether they are peers or not) need not give weight to each other's opinions when the interlocutors do not share rationally held relevant beliefs. By contrast, when rationally held relevant beliefs are shared, rationality demands that we re-evaluate and even moderate or change beliefs in the face of disagreement. I then defend my condition against two objections. First, I argue that the condition does not entail a coherence theory of justification. Second, I consider the charge that my condition recommends operating within an epistemic bubble. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inclusion of conflict parties in independent commissions through power-sharing has been found to reduce the reoccurrence of conflict. Yet, the theoretical and empirical literature explaining why independent commissions include power-sharing is very limited. Previous publications have focused on in-depth case studies that explain how power-sharing prevents conflict recurrence in specific post-conflict societies but do not provide a general argument or widescale testing beyond individual case studies. This article provides a new systematic, general theoretical argument and novel empirical testing that explains why there is power-sharing on some commissions but not others. We argue that conflict parties adopt power-sharing provisions in independent commissions because doing so allows them to overcome significant credible commitments problems that are inherent to the ending of intrastate conflict. Using a new and comprehensive dataset, Independent Commissions in Post-Conflict Societies, which includes information on 580 commissions (1990–2016), this article applies a combination of decision trees and regression analysis to test our hypotheses. The findings indicate that power-sharing is adopted where credible commitment problems are acute and show that commissions working on political or security issues and those with monitoring or verification roles, or that work on the implementation of peace agreements, are more likely to include power-sharing arrangements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While fact-checking has received much attention as an important tool to address the prevalence of misinformation, how to ensure fact-checking messages spread as far and wide as misinformation remains to be studied. To fill this gap, this study examined when people decide to share fact-checking messages on social media and what psychological mechanisms underlie such a decision. Two experiments revealed that fact-checking messages debunking a viral misinformation post (i.e. liked, shared, and commented on many times) were perceived to be more socially desirable as compared to fact-checking messages discrediting a non-viral misinformation post. Individuals presumed greater influence of the socially desirable fact-checking messages on themselves than others (i.e. greater first-person perception). Enhanced first-person perception, in turn, led to stronger intentions to share the fact-checking messages on social media. Theoretical and practical implications for fact-checking efforts are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescents' supportive relationships with nonparental adults are beneficial when they are close and have trust, but few studies explore how adolescents believe closeness and trust unfold over time. I propose a method for prompting adolescents to retrospectively describe the development of abstract components of such relationships by sharing a study that used interviewee‐created graphing to prompt adolescents to move from concrete parts of the relationship to abstract concepts using a tool adolescents would be familiar with from math classes. Analyses using Venn diagrams and matrices suggested adolescents conceptualized closeness and trust differently, however, this was shaped by whether the adult was a part of their family. Reflections on how the proposed graphing method can effectively be used will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, some authors have given the uniqueness theorems for the holomorphic curves on an annulus in hyperplanes in general position and hypersurfaces in general position for Veronese embedding. In this paper, we will give a uniqueness theorem in hypersurfaces in general position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how people formulate alterity as a responsive endeavour as they seek to live well in a context of profound marginality at the edges of a Malaysian rainforest. It argues that Batek people often narrate, encounter, and enact alterity – drawing distinctions between themselves and Others – through and in relation to acts of sharing. By exploring a diverse set of instances in which decisions about how and whether to share produces moments of tension, this article investigates the conditions of alterity that underlie sharing's very possibility. This involves asking not only how alterity is produced among Batek people, but also how it is extended outwards, both to those Batek term gɔp (outsiders), and to the dead people who continue to intrude in their lives. Through tracing these everyday moments where alterities are worked out between Batek and gɔp, and the living and the dead, it becomes apparent that as people encounter often‐unpredictable Others, an attitude of what Renato Rosaldo calls 'social grace' comes to the fore. Retheorizing alterity in the light of 'social grace' demonstrates it to be a responsive, indeterminate process of managing detachment and connection through the immediacy of the diverse encounters and ruptures of everyday life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the uniqueness problems of fn(z)L(g) and gn(z)L(f) when they share a non-zero small function α(z) with finite weights, where L(h) represents any one of h(k)(z), h(z + c), h(z + c) - h(z) and h(k)(z + c), k ≥ 1 and c is a non-zero constant. Here f(z) and g(z) are transcendental meromorphic (or entire) functions and α(z) is a small function with respect to both f(z) and g(z). Our results improve and supplement the recent results due to Gao and Liu [Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 59 (2022), 155-166]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research is to examine the impact of reading storybooks and the presence of different characters such as humans, animals, and fantasy characters in storybooks on children's costly sharing behaviour. A total of 235 children participated in the study. The children were presented with 20 stickers and were asked to choose their 10 favourites. They were then instructed to share as many stickers as they wanted from their chosen 10. The children randomly assigned to following storybook conditions: human, anthropomorphic (animal-like), fantasy characters and a neutral storybook group. After reading the stories, the costly sharing procedure was repeated. As a result, increase in sharing rates from pre-test to post-test, it was determined that the highest increase occurred in children who listened to a storybook with human characters. The increase in costly sharing behaviour of children who listened to the storybook with human characters was significantly higher than the change in the costly sharing behaviour of children who listened to anthropomorphic and neutral storybooks. The increase in sharing behaviour of children who listened to fantasy character storybooks was significantly higher than that of children who listened to neutral storybooks. No other differences were observed among the groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As with previous crises, EU-wide risk-sharing has also been demanded during the Covid-19 pandemic. Yet, this crisis did not unfold in a political vacuum. Instead, public backing for EU-wide risk-sharing might have been informed by past crises experiences. Building on the idea of experienced reciprocal risk-sharing, we assume that the willingness to share risks is greater when a crisis-ridden country has also shown solidarity before, whereas readiness to cooperate may be mitigated by non-solidarity-oriented behaviour in the past. We test this assumption based on a survey experiment carried out in eleven EU countries in 2020. Our findings suggest that, when people are given information about whether another country has acted in solidarity in the past, this influences their willingness to support risk-sharing in the present. However, we also find evidence that respondents' preferences outside the experimental setting do not always match their country's recent history of reciprocal risk-sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this study is to elucidate the impact of ontological security on states' foreign policy preferences. The study posits that foreign policy preferences are closely related with their basic trust, a product of the intricate interplay between actor's agentic capacity and its internal and external environment. This theoretical proposition is subsequently subjected to comparative examination within the contexts of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. The study contends that despite sharing similar concerns regarding physical and ontological security, these two actors have pursued distinct foreign policy trajectories regarding the Arab uprisings and normalization with Israel that owe to differing types of basic trust. In doing so, the study aims to contribute to the ontological security literature from two perspectives: 1) to refine and elucidate the scope of the basic trust concept by reinterpreting it and highlighting its central role in ontological security analysis, and 2) to contribute to the practical applications of the field by applying the concepts developed in the ontological security literature to case studies of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Customer journey maps often assume linear and uniform customer experiences, limiting their effectiveness for complex services. In this article, an interactive customer journey mapping approach is proposed and evaluated in the context of a smart energy sharing platform project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an expanded analysis of NATO security burden sharing by including a variety of conglomerate security terms that involve subsets of military expenditure (ME), UN and non‐UN peacekeeping contributions, global health spending, UN environmental support, and official development assistance. In so doing, we identify components of security spending that promote or inhibit free riding on allies' security spillovers. Additionally, we examine security burden sharing when the NATO alliance is conceptually augmented to include three key Asia‐Pacific allies – Australia, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. The paper's statistical tests for security burden sharing rely on spatial‐lag panel models that account for ally connectiveness based on alliance membership, contiguity and US power projection, and allies' relative locations. Security subsets containing ME display robust free riding or reliance on other allies' security spillovers, while security subsets not containing ME indicate allies responding positively to security spillovers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents and solves a model of third-party intervention in rent-seeking contests. Two players are engaged in a rent-seeking contest, while each of the two players can be supported by a third party. In return, the third party receives a share of the prize if the supported player wins. I use this model to discuss how equilibrium behavior depends on the sharing rule between the third party and the supported player. Among others, I find that a third party may have an incentive to increase support despite a reduction of his share of the prize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, we study relative difference sets (RDSs) and linked systems of them. It is shown that a closed linked system of RDSs is always graded by a group. Based on this result, we also define a product of RDS linked systems sharing the same grading group. Further, we generalize the Davis-Polhill-Smith construction of a linked system of RDSs. Finally, we construct new linked system of RDSs in a Heisenberg group over a finite field and family of RDSs in an extraspecial p-group of exponent p 2 . All constructions of new RDSs and their linked systems make usage of cyclotomic Schur rings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Planning Education & Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Prosocial behaviours such as sharing are essential for young children's collaborative learning experiences and social development. When learnt during the early years, these behaviours enable positive peer interactions and relationship building in social settings, laying the foundation for young children's social and emotional competencies with implications for individual and societal wellbeing. It is, therefore, critical that the early years are optimised to facilitate the development of young children's prosocial behaviours. Set against this context, we present the findings of our qualitative teacher inquiry project that examined the role of social stories intervention in developing children's prosocial behaviours, particularly sharing. The study was conducted at a private kindergarten in Singapore with four preschool children between the ages of four and five with difficulties in sharing resources with peers in classroom settings. The findings show children's gradual progress from self-centred behaviours to independent problem-solving and other-oriented sharing behaviours, demonstrating the importance of consistency, teacher facilitation and authenticity as the three key elements of a successful social stories intervention. Thus, this small-scale qualitative study adds value to the limited literature on social stories intervention to promote sharing behaviours in preschool children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Soziologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Lewbel and Pendakur (2021) propose a model of consumption inefficiency in collective households, based on "cooperation factors". We simplify that model to make it empirically tractable, and apply it to identify and estimate household member resource shares, and to measure the dollar cost of inefficient levels of cooperation. Using data from Bangladesh, we find that increased cooperation among household members yields the equivalent of a 13% gain in total expenditures, with most of the benefit of this gain going towards men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]