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This paper signifies the consequence of the thermal diffusion (Soret) and diffusion-Thermo (Dufour) effect on MHD stagnation point flow and transportation of thermal energy near a stretching plate. However, the inclusion of thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption, and chemical reaction enriches the profiles significantly. By using similarity transformation, the set of leading equations is altered into a set of dimensionless ordinary differential equations. After that, the aim is to convert boundary layer equations into dimensionless ones so that the set of converting equations is computed by using bvp4c solver on MATLAB software. The governing nonlinear equations were resolved with Runge–Kutta fourth-order technique numerically. The significance of radiation, magnetic field, suction, Schmidt number, velocity ratio parameter, heat absorption coefficient, permeability, thermo-diffusion number, diffusion-thermo number on momentum gradient, energy gradient and concentration gradient distribution is analyzed. The parameters, diffusion-thermo number Du and thermo-diffusion number Sr have opposite behaviors on both temperature and concentration fields. Here, also, it is observed that the heat sink parameter has a noticeable influence on the fluid temperature distribution profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An electrically conducting time-dependent flow of water-based nanofluid comprised of Copper and Titanium oxide over a stationary plate embedding with a porous matrix is analyzed in this study. The novelty arises due to the interaction of both the thermal radiation as well as the radiation absorption that affect the heat transport phenomenon. In the single-phase flow, both the variation of particle concentration and the solutal concentration for the inclusion of chemical reaction are taken care of. Also, the influence of the free convection phenomena is explained significantly. The transformed dimensionless system of the governing equations is handled analytically by using the Laplace Transform method. The behavior of the characterizing parameters involved in the governing equations is presented via graphs and the simulation of the numerical results of the rate coefficients like shear rate and rate of heat and solutal transfer is deployed through the table. However, the physical significance of these parameters is deliberated briefly. Finally, the important outcomes are higher heavier species because of lesser solutal diffusivity which attenuates the fluid concentration throughout the domain. Further, radiation absorption causes a significant boost in the nanofluid temperature distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis is presented for the stagnation-point two-dimensional fluid flow of hybrid nanofluid towards an expanding surface characterized by the induced magnetic field. Further, the consideration of thermal buoyancy and additional heat source enhances the flow phenomena with various physical parameters involved in it. This work has significant novelty due to the behavior of the convective boundary conditions. Besides, due to the convective term the nonlinear differential equations designed in this problem are incorporated and are resolved numerically by executing the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method. Additionally, three different classes of nanosized particle configurations named brick, cylinders, and platelets shapes are examined for the implementation of the Hamilton–Crosser thermal conductivity model. In the end, the influences characterizing the local Nusselt number and the coefficient of skin friction profiles have been discussed for unalike shapes of nanosized particles are discussed. In the above study, it is found that the platelet-shaped nanosized particle is more efficient in comparison to the other shapes considered herein. Further, particle concentration and particle shape are also favorable in enhancing fluid temperature in hybrid nanofluids in contrast to pure fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is focused on Magneto hydrodynamic unsteady flow of Newtonian fluid flow over a perpendicular porous plate along with chemical reaction, heat, and mass transfer. The induced magnetic field and viscous and magnetic dissipation properties are considered throughout the porous plate. Heat source is the added effect in the model to observe the nature of flow in this work. This study finds its applications in understanding the storage of flues, disposal of radioactive waste materials, flow in water purifies, etc. The nonlinear behavior of the governing equation motivates us to use a finite difference approach for solving equations. The major resolution of this research is to work on how the physical elements affect velocity, temperature, concentration, and magnetic field. Fascinating facts are noticed as the unsteady fluid velocity rises with the heat source parameter because as the heat of a material increases, the movement of the fluid particle will be fast. Due to the presence of a magnetic field high thermal radiation is observed at high temperature and concentration. As the magnetic parameter and magnetic field are inversely proportional according to an induced magnetic field, it is noticed that their magnetic field declines for higher values of magnetic Prandtl number & magnetic parameter. This work has dynamic prominence in the field of medicine and engineering, which develops interest among young researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study emphasizes the two-dimensional incompressible flow of Williamson nanofluid caused by an inclined, infinite, expanding/contracting cylinder that is inclined at an angle with the horizontal axis. The focus is on the behavior of non-Newtonian fluid on the flow, heat, and mass transfer during the process. The properties of the fluid are modeled using a set of partial differential equations in association with the characterizing parameters obtained during the presentation of non-dimensional form. The problem is solved numerically using the shooting-based Runge–Kutta fourth-order technique. The results are shown graphically for the behavior of the several contributing parameters. The effect of various pertaining parameters is analyzed henceforth. The physical quantities of interest are also discussed in the tables. The study provides useful insight into the behavior of the fluid, i.e. suction/injection shows opposite behavior on the fluid velocity profiles where suction decelerates the profile and injection enhances it significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of heat transfer of a hybrid nanofluid ( Al 2 O 3 − Cu ∕ H 2 O) in the MHD stagnation point motion toward an exponentially expanding/shrinking sheet with a nonuniform heat source/sink, multiple slip conditions and nonlinear thermal radiation effects are carried out in this study. By applying the similarity transformation, the governing equations are transformed into Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). The Runge–Kutta method using bvp4c in MATLAB software is implemented to explain the ODEs. The results show that the local Nusselt number is decreased while the skin friction coefficient remains unaltered by the accumulation of thermal slip, space, and temperature-dependent parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers two-dimensional electrically conducting and incompressible ternary hybrid nanofluid flow on a stretching sheet with the convective boundary condition and heat source effect. Relevant similarity formulas are effectuated in converting the governing equations into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and are further treated numerically using the spectral quasilinearization method (SQLM), with error analysis. The prominent dimensionless parameters controlling the flow, and heat transfer characteristics are discussed. The results of this study show that Eckert number, heat source parameter, and magnetic effect boost the temperature profile. This work expected significant information for the future applications of innovative heat transfer devices, as well as a valuable reference for researchers to study flow behavior under various assumptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research offers an analysis of the mixed convective transient boundary film Casson fluid stream and thermal distribution through a vertical sheet. Viscous dissipation and the Soret effect are introduced to support the flow in stimulating heat capacity. Unlike typical investigations, the present flow-formulated model is done to capture an induced magnetic field. The Boussinesq approximation is used to describe the nonlinear formulated partial derivatives governing the heat transfer fluid that is non-dimensionalized using suitable dimensionless quantities. The transformed partial derivative model is numerically solved via the spectral Chebyshev technique and the results of shear stress, current density, Nusselt number, and mass gradient are tabulated. The role of numerous terms on dimensionless flow rate, induced velocity, and heat transfer with species distribution is discussed in a very effective way. Velocity and temperature of liquid decline as boosting the material parameter. Enhancing values G r , G r m favor the flow momentum and oppose the temperature profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current analysis deals with the physiological flow of hybrid nanofluid within an expanding and contracting vertical annulus embedding with a permeable medium. Additionally, in the free convective viscous flow, the impact of thermal radiation on the heat transport phenomenon is vital. The significance of this research lies in the utilization of Hamilton–Crosser thermal conductivity to investigate the behavior of nanoparticles with different shapes. In this study, both oxide nanoparticles like Al2O3 and metal nanoparticles like Ag are incorporated into the blood, which serves as the base fluid. This incorporation aims to enhance the performance of hybrid nanofluids in influencing flow phenomena. The proposed mathematical model designed for the above-mentioned constraints is solved analytically following the transformation into their corresponding non-dimensional form. The statistical behavior of the diversified parameters is presented graphically and the numerical results for the rate coefficients are deployed via table. Further, the important characteristics of the results are depicted as follows: the combined effect of the particle concentration used in hybrid nanofluid favors in reducing the fluid velocity greatly than that of nanofluid and pure fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present flow phenomena characterize the behavior of the Brownian motion and thermophoresis considering the Buongiorno model nanofluid through a non-linearly expanding Riga plate. The conjunction of thermal radiation with zero nanoparticle mass flux and convective boundary conditions enriches the thermal properties of the nanofluid. With the recent need in various industrial applications, the biomedical sector, for the design and development of the production process of various equipment, the role of nanofluid is vital. Further, the suitable variables leading to transformation rules are useful to get rid of the dimensional form of the governing equations. Traditional numerical technique with the help of shooting-based Runge–Kutta fourth-order technique is adopted for the solution of a transformed set of equations. The physical behavior of the characterizing components is presented and described briefly. Further, the important outcomes are the use of Hartmann number that overshoots the velocity profile, whereas the heat transfer retards significantly and enhanced thermophoresis attenuates the heat transfer rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proposed flow problem is to analyze the behavior of dissipative heat on the time-dependent stagnation motion of nanofluids through a permeable surface. A novel approach to thermal buoyancy through the permeable medium enriches the flow properties. In the recent industrial applications for the cooling processes of the device, like the physiological application of the blood flow inside the capillary tube-like artery, drug delivery system, etc., the role of nanofluid is crucial. The proposed model equipped with various physical properties is used to design and subsequent transformation into a non-dimensional form is obtained for a set of similarity variables. Proposed models with different physical properties are designed and subsequent dimensionless transformations are obtained for a similar set of variables. In addition, shooting based Runge-Kutta fourth-order numerical technique is used to solve boundary value problems for nonlinear ordinary systems. The characteristics of the diversified quantities are presented graphically as well as numerically on the flow profile and other profiles. Furthermore, statistical approaches such as t-tests for simulated results of rate coefficients are also presented and validated with the obtained results. However, the important outcomes are presented as; the fluid velocity is controlled by the inclusion of the particle concentration as well as the magnetic parameter further the particle concentration and the dissipative heat encountered by the inclusion of Eckert number enhances the fluid temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]