Search

Cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the female reproductive system. Its incidence rate ranks first among that of female malignant tumors in China and has steadily increased in recent years [Juanjuan Jin et al., 2021].

A long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) called LINC00657 is dysregulated and contributes to tumor progression in a number of human cancer types. However, there is limited information on the expression profile and functions of LINC00657 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The expression profile of LINC00657 in PDAC was estimated by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The effects of LINC00657 upregulation on PDAC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo were explored using CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell migration and invasion assays, and a xenograft tumor formation experiment, respectively. The results revealed that LINC00657 was evidently upregulated in the PDAC tumors and cell lines. High LINC00657 expression significantly correlated with the pathological T stage, lymph node metastasis, and shorter overall survival. Functional analysis demonstrated that LINC00657 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoted the apoptosis of PDAC cells. In addition, LINC00657 knockdown markedly suppressed tumor growth of these cells in vivo. In terms of the mechanism, LINC00657 could directly interact with microRNA-433 (miR-433) and effectively worked as an miR-433 sponge, thus decreasing the competitive binding of miR-433 to PAK4 mRNA and ultimately increasing PAK4 expression. The actions of LINC00657 knockdown on malignant phenotype of PDAC cells were strongly attenuated by miR-433 inhibition and PAK4 restoration. These results indicate that LINC00657 promotes PDAC progression by increasing the output of the miR-433–PAK4 regulatory loop, thus highlighting the importance of the LINC00657–miR-433–PAK4 network in PDAC pathogenesis.

The urban organic aerosol (OA) may pose a serious threat to human health and ecological environment. In order to understand the molecular characteristics of organic compounds in aerosols, atmospheric PM2.5 samples were collected in Beijing and the extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography-Orbitrap mass spectrometry combined with negative-ion electrospray ionization, positive-ion electrospray ionization, and positive-ion atmospheric pressure photoionization sources. The combination of multiple ionization sources realized the comprehensive molecular characterization of organic compounds in OA, and 1976 (+APPI), 3038 (−ESI), and 4376 (+ESI) molecular formulas were identified in this study. Significant differences in the species, abundance, and number of subgroups (CHO, CHN, CHON, CHONS, CHOS, and CH compounds) were clarified. Chemical fingerprinting of organics in the PM2.5 extract were investigated by high-throughput non-target compound analytical methods. Structure induction of organic compounds was realized through fragmentation prediction of MS/MS spectra with Sirius software. Furthermore, a total of 50 nitroaromatic formulas, 285 organosulfates (OS) formulas, 57 nitrooxy-OS formulas, 228 CHO- formulas with carboxyl groups, and 36 monoketone formulas were determined based on diagnostic fragmentation filtering. Our results provide important insights into the molecular composition and structural characteristics of OA, and establish foundation for exploring the interaction between composition and physicochemical properties.

In many applications of ferromagnetic materials concerning sensors and actuators, magnetic fields are rotating. In order to precisely describe the behavior of ferromagnetic materials in rotating magnetic fields, vector hysteresis models are necessary. Therefore, much effort is being put into the development of efficient vector models. For the reason of computational efficiency, models have been developed that differ from the Preisach approach and are for example based on rotationally coupled step functions. We have proposed a very efficient Preisach-based model before, which we called the rotational vector Preisach model. In this paper, we propose an extension of the rotational switching function, which improves the model characteristics for arbitrary H-field trajectories. We also introduce a set of special vectorial minor loops for the general validation and comparison of vector models. We apply those H-field trajectories to isotropic materials such as sputtered FeCo thin films as used in micromechanical systems. The vectorial minor loops can readily be utilized to evaluate the model output, and the results agree well with vectorial measurements.

This paper proposes a different inverted hysteresis model with modification of the classic Preisach switch operator. By using this new switch operator, the inverted model remains the wiping out and congruency properties. It also guarantees the symmetry and total positiveness of weight function in the Preisach plane. According to the change pattern of H(B) branches, a differentiable weight function is introduced in the inverted model. The weight function performs with good continuity and symmetry. This makes it possible to implement the inverted model in numerical analysis without iterative procedure. The identification work is done by means of the measured major loops. Here the Newton method algorithm is applied to optimize the mean squared error (MSE) between the measured and simulated data. By this way, the limited number of parameters can be determined. The inverted model was verified for both soft and hard magnetic materials. Besides major hysteresis loops, minor loops and first-order reversal curves (FORCs) can also be simulated. By comparison, the simulation results produced by the inverted hysteresis model show good approximation to the measurement data.

In order to precisely describe the behavior of ferromagnetic materials in rotating magnetic fields, vector hysteresis models are necessary. The extension of the Preisach model with vector methods is well known. Much research in this field is based on the Mayergoyz vector hysteresis model. The drawback of this kind of model is the computational effort for the additional integral in the vectorial Preisach operator. Therefore, much effort is being put into the development of efficient vector models. For the reason of computational efficiency, models have been developed that differ from the Preisach approach and are, for example, based on rotationally coupled step functions. We have proposed a very efficient Preisach based model before, which we called the rotational vector Preisach model. Here, we propose an extension of the rotational switching function of the mentioned model, which improves the model characteristics for arbitrary H-field trajectories. We also introduce a set of special vectorial minor loops for the general validation and comparison of vector models. We apply those H-field trajectories to isotropic materials like FeCo thin films as used in our micromechanical systems. The vectorial minor loops can readily be utilized to evaluate the model output and the results agree well with vectorial measurements.

This paper introduces a new measurement setup for extraction of the local magnetic properties. With the help of finite element method simulations, modifications are made on the previous double-C-yoke method. Small dimension measuring coils are applied in the stray field produced by the magnetic circuit to evaluate the local magnetic properties of the specified part of the specimen. Through the measurements with the plastically deformed materials at different temperatures, it indicates that the magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials are quite sensitive to plastic straining. After high-temperature thermal treatment on the plastically deformed specimen, the local magnetic properties exhibit an obvious recovery.

In this paper, we present a model for temperature dependent hysteretic nonlinearities with nonlocal memories. This model can be applied to describe hysteretic material behavior. Common applications are ferromagnetic or magnetostrictive materials. Our model consists mainly of a Preisach operator with a continuous Preisach weight function. We choose a weight function which shows a strong correlation between the function’s parameters and certain properties of the hysteresis curve. As a new approach, the weight function is written as a function of temperature. The model parameters are customized to a set of symmetric hysteresis curves. We verify our model for magnetic materials with differently shaped hysteresis curves, different temperatures and magnetic field amplitudes.