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Purpose This retrospective study aimed to study the applicability of 2015 adult American Thyroid Association (ATA) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) postoperative risk stratification and guidelines in the pediatric population for evaluating the number of metastatic lymph nodes in the postoperative risk stratification and postradioactive iodine (RAI) treatment dynamic risk stratification (DRS) using response to treatment (RTT) reclassification. In addition, the effect of pubertal status and gender was assessed on disease presentation and prognosis. Methods Data of 63 DTC patients aged 20 years or less, stratified into prepubertal, pubertal, and postpubertal age groups, was divided into low, intermediate, and high-risk groups using pediatric ATA recurrence risk stratification. Forty-seven patients were classified as responders (excellent and indeterminate responses) and incomplete responders (biochemical and structurally incomplete responses) by assessing the RTT at 1.5 years follow-up similar to recommendation of 2015 adult DTC ATA guidelines. Results Female-to-male ratio showed a trend of gradual increase with increasing age. Significantly more responders were observed in low- and intermediate-risk groups than in high-risk group (p = 0.0013; p = 0.017, respectively), while prepubertal group had more extensive (N1b) disease. Using DRS at follow-up of 1.5 year, pubertal and postpubertal groups showed significantly better response to RAI. More female than male patients showed response and took significantly less time to respond to RAI (p = 0.003). Conclusion RAI response in pediatric DTC depends on pubertal status, gender, and number of malignant nodes. DRS using RTT classification may be applicable early at 1.5 years after initial therapy in different pubertal age and risk groups.

Rectal involvement by prostate carcinoma is rare and isolated rectal metastases are even rarer with only a few cases having been reported in the literature. In our knowledge, no case of isolated rectal metastases diagnosed on prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography has been reported to date. We present a case of a 66-year-old patient who presented with rectal bleeding and passage of urine from anal region and was diagnosed with carcinoma prostate infiltrating the rectum along with solitary rectal metastases.

Purpose Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a cell membrane-bound serine peptidase, overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and activated fibroblasts at wound healing/inflammatory sites. Recently, molecular PET/CT imaging with radiolabeled FAP inhibitor (FAPI) has been evaluated in different diseases. We aimed to assess its potential role based on the available literature. Patients and methods We conducted a comprehensive review of the available preclinical and clinical data on FAPI PET/CT in an attempt to summarize its current status and potential future role. Based on that, we have discussed the pathophysiology behind FAP-based imaging, followed by a discussion of FAPI radiopharmaceuticals including their synthesis, biodistribution, and dosimetry. Next, we have discussed studies evaluating FAPI PET/CT in different oncological and nononcological pathologies. The potential of FAPI PET/CT in theranostics has also been addressed. Results Based on the early scientific evidence available, including preclinical and clinical studies, FAPI PET/CT seems to be a promising molecular imaging tool, especially in oncology. It can be used for imaging different types of cancers and outperforms 18F-FDG PET/CT in some of these. Its potential as a theranostic tool warrants special attention. Conclusions Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor PET/CT has the potential to emerge as a powerful molecular imaging tool in the future. However, as of yet, the available evidence is limited, warranting further research and trials in this field.

Information on genetic variability of yield and quality components is of vital importance in crop improvement programme. Plant breeding is mainly the exploitation of genetic variation and in view of the possible decline of variation breeders should always examine means of conserving variability and creating new germplasm. The extent of genotypic variability indicates the amenability of given character for its improvement. The present investigation was carried out during summer season of 2018 in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. The experimental material comprised of 36 genotypes including 8 parents and 28 F1 hybrids. Assessment of genetic variability parameters revealed that there is lot of variation present among the genotypes studied. In general, the value of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters studied in the present findings, indicating the considerable influence of environmental factors on the performance of genotypes for different characters. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters studied in the present findings, indicating the considerable influence of environmental factors on the performance of genotypes for different characters. Moderate to high GCV together with moderate to high heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean was reported for majority of the characters. Thus these traits have ample scope for the improvement of concerned traits through selection.

A significant number of studies have been made on corporate finance and financial services with reference to developing as well as developed nations. However, there is a paucity of work pertaining to the rural finance. In this study, we review the research work already conducted to see perspective of rural finance. The author has reviewed papers that were published between 1970 and 2018, and further categorized them based on their publication year, countries, publishing source and focus area of the study. This paper underlines research gaps that may help researchers to find a future direction. This paper adds to the existing pool of literature by presenting the work in form of systematic literature review, which states that not much study has been conducted that thoroughly reviews and compiles research findings available in this field. So through this article, we have tried to fill this gap.

The present investigation was performed at Horticulture Research Farm (V.R.C.), Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS) Prayagraj. The experimental material comprised of 8 genetically diverse genotypes of tomato, 28 crosses diallel mating design (excluding reciprocals) which was evaluated in a Randomized Block Design (RBD). Pant cherry tomato (PCT-1) was identified as a best general combiner for maximum number of traits followed by PPT-2, PBT-22 and PBT-23. The best specific combiner were PBT-15 x PBT-23 followed by PPT-2 x PBT-18, PBT-20 x PBT-19, PCT-1 x PBT-19, PBT-20 x PBT-18, PBT-19 x PBT-23, PBT-15 x PBT-18 and PPT-2 x PBT-23. Hence, these crosses can be utilized in heterosis breeding for improvement in fruit quality characters. The estimates of σ2GCA/σ2SCA indicated number of locules per fruit, pericarp thickness, TSS, pH of fruit juice and ascorbic acid were under the control of non-additive gene action with over dominance effect. Hence, these characters are suitable for hybrid breeding.

In this paper, we have discussed the design, analysis and fabrication of automatic braking system for a vehicle. The design process for a vehicle’s braking system has been studied thoroughly. Every step taken for fabrication of this prototype is based on the thorough study conducted. This task was divided into different stages which include analysis, design, fabrication, assembly, trial and finally the approval of the vehicle. This prototype uses batteries and a chain sprocket assembly as a power source to run the vehicle and a braking circuit attached to a pair of IR sensors. The design discussed in this paper increases the braking efficiency of the vehicle effectively. The design and analysis of the disc brake rotor have been conducted to select the suitable material for the disc brake. At the end of the design and analysis, the overall system has been implemented with a constructed work, tested working and perfectly functional prototype.

A fan rotor system can generate a large amplitude blade-passing frequency (BPF) component if the gap between rotating fans and stationary diffusers is not equal. A series of experiments was conducted in this study using Spectra Quest’s Machinery Fault Simulator (MFS) to observe the behavioral changes of the BPF and its harmonics before and after installing an obstruction nearby an axial fan. In order to incorporate the flexibility of the shaft a modification in the existing setup (MFS-LITE) has been designed and fabricated. The whole study is divided into two parts: in the first part readings were taken without considering the effect of flexibility of shaft and for performing this, the shaft of smaller length is taken; and in the second part readings were taken with a longer shaft in order to incorporate the effect of flexibility during experimentation. The result shows that the obstruction had an obvious and consistent effect on the 1BPF and 2BPF components for the axial fan rotor system.

Radon filters are often used for removal of multiple reflections from normal move-out-corrected seismic reflection data. In the conventional Radon transform, integration surfaces are hyperbolic rather than linear. This specific hyperbolic surface is equivalent to a parabola in terms of computational expense, but more accurately distinguishes multiples from primary reflections. The forward transform separates seismic arrivals by their differences in travel time move-out. Multiples can be suppressed by an inverse transform of the seismic data. Examples show that multiples are effectively attenuated in pre-stack and stacked seismograms. Based on the parabolic Radon transform, a new method is utilized for missing offset restoration, resampling and regularization of pre-stack individual common depth point (CDP) gathers. The method is also valid for resampling spatially aliased seismic data. Restoration of missing offsets and trace interpolation is an interesting and important problem in seismic data processing. Here we present an application of Radon transform on a multichannel seismic data set from the western continental margin of India (WCMI), which shows remarkable signal enhancement.