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Wenying Yi,1,2 Haibo Wu,1,2 Weibin Fu,1,2 Huimei Feng,1,2 Jie Huang,1,2 Haijing Li,1,2 Zhen Song,1,2 Yuwei Chen,1,2 Yingjun Zheng,1,2 Shenglin She1,2 1Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shenglin She, Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou MedicalUniversity, No. 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13825154669, Fax +86-20-82068107, Email shenglinshe@gzhmu.edu.cnBackground: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD in non-obese patients with schizophrenia in a public psychiatric hospital in China.Methods: A total of 1,305 adult inpatients with schizophrenia in 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 was considered obese, and BMI < 25 kg/m2 was considered non-obese. We obtained the data from electronic records of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.Results: A total of 1,045 non-obese patients and 260 obese patients were included in this study. The prevalence of NAFLD in non-obese patients was 25.0%, and it was much lower that in the obese patients (25.0% vs 64.6%, p < 0.001). Among the non-obese patients, there were significant differences in age, BMI, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), metabolic indices, and the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension between patients with NAFLD and patients without NAFLD. According to the results of binary logistic regression analysis, age, BMI, ALT, triglyceride (TG) and diabetes were significantly related to NAFLD among non-obese patients with schizophrenia. In contrast, HDL-C was was negatively associated with NAFLD among non-obese patients.Conclusion: This study suggested that NAFLD was common in patients with schizophrenia, even in non-obese patients with schizophrenia. In non-obese patients with schizophrenia, age, BMI, ALT, TG and diabetes are significantly associated with NAFLD. Moreover, HDL-C level was an independent protective factor against NAFLD. Given the adverse outcomes of NAFLD, it is necessary to increase awareness of NAFLD in patients with schizophrenia, especially in non-obese patients with schizophrenia.Keywords: schizophrenia, NAFLD, non-obese, obese, risk factors, China

Suhua She, Yulong Shen, Kun Luo, Xiaohai Zhang, Changjun Luo The Second Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan University of Medical General Hospital, Huaihua, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Changjun Luo, Email 843329331@qq.comBackground: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is prevalent in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and is associated with mortality. This study aimed to verify the predictive accuracy of different machine learning algorithms for AKI in patients with ICH using a large dataset.Methods: A total of 1366 ICH patients received treatments between 2001 and 2012 from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III (MIMIC-III) database were identified based on the ICD-9 code: 431. The main outcome of AKI during hospitalizations was confirmed based on the KDIGO criteria. Overall, ICH patients were randomly divided into the training cohort and validation cohort with the ratio of 7:3. Six machine learning algorithms including extreme gradient boosting, logistic, light gradient boosting machine, random forest, adaptive boosting, support vector machine were trained in the training cohort with the 5-fold cross-validation method to predict the AKI. The predictive accuracy of those algorithms was compared by area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC).Results: A total of 1213 ICH patients were included with the incidence of AKI being 29.3%. The incidence of AKI was 29.3% among the 1213 patients with ICH. The AKI group had higher 30-day mortality (p< 0.001), longer ICU stay (p< 0.001), and longer hospital stay (p< 0.001). Among the six machine learning algorithms, the random forest performed the best in predicting AKI in both the training cohort (AUC=1.000) and the validation cohort (AUC=0.698). The top five features in the random forest algorithm-based model were platelets, serum creatinine, vancomycin, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.Conclusion: The random forest algorithm-based predictive model we developed incorporating important features, including platelet count, serum creatinine level, vancomycin level, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit level, performed the best in predicting AKI among patients with ICH.Keywords: Acute kidney injury, intracerebral hemorrhage, machine learning, random forest, predictive model

Yi Liu,1 Taiyong Bi,2 Qijie Kuang,1 Bei Zhang,3 Huawang Wu,1 Haijing Li,1 Bin Zhang,1 Jingping Zhao,4 Yuping Ning,1 Shenglin She,1 Yingjun Zheng1 1Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People’s Republic of China; 2Centre for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, People’s Republic of China; 3General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, LMU, Munich, Germany; 4Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Chinese National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders; Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders; Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yingjun Zheng; Shenglin She Email brainzheng@gzhmu.edu.cn; shenglinshe@gzhmu.edu.cnObjective: Impaired face perception is considered as a hallmark of social disability in schizophrenia. It is widely believed that inverted faces and upright faces are processed by distinct mechanisms. Previous studies have identified that individuals with schizophrenia display poorer face processing than controls. However, the mechanisms underlying the face inversion effect (FIE) in patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FSZ) remain unclear.Methods: We designed an fMRI task to investigate the FIE mechanism in patients with schizophrenia. Thirty-four patients with FSZ and thirty-five healthy controls (CON) underwent task-related fMRI scanning, clinical assessment, anhedonia experience examination, and social function and cognitive function evaluation.Results: The patients with FSZ exhibited distinct functional activity regarding upright and inverted face processing within the cortical face and non-face network. These results suggest that the differences in quantitative processing might mediate the FIE in schizophrenia. Compared with controls, affected patients showed impairments in processing both upright and inverted faces; and for these patients with FSZ, upright face processing was associated with more severe and broader impairment than inverted face processing. Reduced response in the left middle occipital gyrus for upright face processing was related to poorer performance of social function outcomes evaluated using the Personal and Social Performance Scale.Conclusion: Our data suggested that patients with FSZ exhibited similar performance in processing inverted faces and upright faces, but were less efficient than controls; and for these patients, inverted faces are processed less efficiently than upright faces. We also provided a clue that the mechanism under abnormal FIE might be related to an aberrant activation of non-face-selective areas instead of abnormal activation of face-specific areas in patients with schizophrenia. Finally, our study indicated that the neural pathway for upright recognition might be relevant in determining the functional outcomes of this devastating disorder.Keywords: first-episode schizophrenia, face inversion effect, task-related fMRI, face recognition, social functional outcome

Shenglin She,1,* Bei Zhang,1,* Lin Mi,1 Haijing Li,1 Qijie Kuang,1 Taiyong Bi,2 Yingjun Zheng1 1Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Changsha), Guangzhou 510370, China; 2School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Working memory (WM) deficits have been observed in people with schizophrenia (SZ) and are considered a core cognitive dysfunction in these patients. However, little is known about how stimuli and memory load influence visual WM deficits. Patients and methods: In the present study, we adopted a match-to-sample task to examine the visual WM in 18 first-episode patients with SZ and 18 healthy controls (HCs). Faces and houses were used as the stimuli, and there were two levels of memory load – one item and two items; the average accuracy (ACC) and reaction time were calculated for each condition. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Personal and Social Performance scale were used to assess the psychiatric symptoms and social function, respectively. Results: The results showed equivalent levels of WM deficit when using face and house stimuli. Moreover, the WM deficits were not related to the duration of illness, medication, or SZ symptoms. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that stimuli may have little impact on ACC in WM tasks in people with SZ. In addition, the memory load may have little impact on WM ACC when the load is relatively low. Keywords: visual working memory, first-episode schizophrenia, face perception, match-to-sample, memory load, working memory deficit

Qiuzhen Liang, Xinghua Song, Shengli She, Zhen Wang, Chong Wang, Dawei Jiang Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China Background: Low drug concentration in the tuberculosis (TB) lesion and bone defects or nonunion after debridement are two major problems that occur in the course of treating osteoarticular TB. Thus, the combination of drug-delivery system and bone tissue repair appears to be the most promising option for osteoarticular TB treatment. Materials and methods: Herein, we report a novel anti-TB dual delivery system based on rifapentine polylactic acid microspheres (RPMs) to treat infections, with the addition of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) seeded in hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) to promote bone formation. Cell proliferation, osteogenesis, and apoptosis were performed to investigate the effects of rifapentine on ASCs. The RPMs were synthesized by emulsion-solvent evaporation method, and then the monolayer composite (ASC + RPM) and three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffold (ASC + RPM + HA/TCP) were constructed, respectively. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and real-time PCR were used for determining the osteogenic differentiation. The concentrations of rifapentine resulting from the composites were detected. Results: The results showed that rifapentine has no influence on ASCs proliferation and osteogenesis when the drug concentration was below 20 µg/mL, which was significantly higher than minimal inhibitory concentration. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of RPMs were 40.56%±2.63% and 70.24%±2.18%, respectively. The proliferation of the cells in monolayer was higher than that in 3D composite, and the addition of RPMs slightly increased the proliferation. The ALP activity and gene expression of osteocalcin and osteopontin were higher in the 3D composite than those in the monolayer. Good biocompatibility was observed by microscopic image and H&E stain. The release tests revealed that the 3D composite exhibited sustained release profiles of rifapentine for 76 days. The dual delivery systems in 3D composite could moderate the burst release and extend the length of release time when compared to single delivery in monolayers. Conclusion: In conclusion, such dual delivery antituberculotic scaffold represents a potential new strategy for TB infections and bone defects. Keywords: tuberculosis, rifapentine, drug delivery, release system, scaffold, tissue engineering

Considering the fact that ships at sea will be affected by waves, sea breeze and air currents, which usually results in serious interference of equipment that needs to work in a stable environment, such as lifting platforms, radar signal capture, etc. In response to the above problems, the S-RPS-SPS parallel mechanism is established to stabilize the platform. It can realize the roll angle of the rotation around the X axis and the pitch angle of rotation around the Y axis; it can also indirectly eliminate the rotation of the hull on these two axes. Model this parallel mechanism in Solidworks software and verify the degrees of freedom. The relation between the length of two driving rods and the pose angle of the moving platform is calculated by the method of inverse pose solution. Two sets of data are obtained by inputting different angles in the range of the rotating angle of the moving platform and the expansion length of the driving rod. The calculation formula, rotation angle range and coordinates are simulated by algorithms in Matlab software, and the correctness of the moving platform pose is verified. The simulation results show that the accuracy and reliability of this mechanism in terms of kinematics are well guaranteed.

BackgroundWomen may develop severe symptoms of stress disorder following childbirth， which may be exposed to a risk of developing mental health problems， and even lead to the recurrence of the illness in female patients with schizophrenia， while comparatively limited research has been undertaken concerning the clinical characteristics and treatment of puerperal schizophrenia in China.ObjectiveTo explore the clinical characteristics of puerperal schizophrenia， so as to provide references for the clinical treatment.MethodsA total of 24 patients with puerperal schizophrenia who were hospitalized in the female ward of adult psychiatry department of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from 2012 to 2020 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition （DSM-IV） diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia were included as puerperal group. Another 48 non-puerperal women with schizophrenia were concurrently enrolled as control group. Then the basic data， scores on Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS） and the discharge medication were recorded.ResultsThe percentages of newly onset and positive family history of psychosis in puerperal group were larger than those in control group， with statistical significance （χ2=9.321， 5.240， P

The flexible DC line protection based on the double-ended method with large communication and long action time is greatly affected by factors such as noise, which makes it difficult to set. Based on this, a pilot protection method of flexible DC line based on Jaccard similarity integration criterion is proposed. Firstly, the fault characteristics of voltage and current change rate in the case of internal and external faults of flexible DC lines are analyzed, and the conversion relationship between analog quantities and logical quantities is constructed respectively. Then a Jaccard similarity model based on the comparison of logical quantities under the 0.5 ms data window is proposed. The integrated criterion is constructed with high similarity to realize fault type identification, and fault starting and fault pole selection criteria are not required. Finally, the double-ended longitudinal protection scheme based on the comparison of logical quantities realizes the rapid protection of the flexible DC line. The scheme is easy to be implemented, because the protection principle of that is simple with fast action speed. Using the four-terminal flexible straight model built by PSCAD/EMTDC, the protection effectiveness in various scenarios such as different fault types, high-resistance grounding, and noise interference inside and outside the zone were verified.

Due to many outliers in the pitch period detection of noisy speech signal, an improved pitch period detection method is proposed. Firstly, combining spectral subtraction and wavelet transform for noise reduction, we first windowed and framed the useful speech signal sequence obtained after noise reduction for signal endpoint and vowel subject detection. Then, in the second windowing and framing process, the multi window spectrum estimation method was introduced to further reduce the influence of some formants and residual noise on pitch detection. Finally, the improved main body extension method was used for pitch detection. The experimental simulation results show that compared with the traditional pitch detection method, the sample rate of the segment collected by the improved method is 87%, which is at least 5% higher than that of the traditional one. The improved method has higher accuracy of pitch detection.

Based on the practical problem of fatigue life prediction of landing gear, the fatigue life prediction model of landing gear components with surface treatment was studied. The calculation process of the traditional local stress-strain method was introduced, and the factors that affect the local stress-strain method for fatigue life prediction were systematically explained; The actual engineering research shows that the main factors for predicting the fatigue life of landing gear by using the local stress-strain method are surface treatment and surface roughness. By modifying the strain-life curve, a model for predicting the fatigue life of landing gear components is proposed. The two calculation examples show that the predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the proposed method for revising the strain-life curves under different surface conditions is reasonable.

ObjectiveThe main purpose of the study was to translate the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale for University Students (ERIUS) and assess its psychometric properties in the Chinese cultural context.MethodsWe translated the original English version of the ERIUS into Chinese and undertook exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using data collected from university students. The Stress Scale for College Students was selected as the criterion measure to examine the association between psychological stress and effort-reward imbalance. The validity and reliability of the translated version of the ERIUS were also assessed, and a sub-sample of participants (n = 120) completed the measure twice, with a two-week interval to assess test–retest reliability.ResultResults of the exploratory factor analysis using data from 314 students showed that the Chinese version of the ERIUS had 14 items and 3 factors: effort, reward and overcommitment. Confirmatory factor analysis using data from 584 students showed that the Chinese version of the ERIUS had adequate structural validity (χ2 = 107.10, df = 32, RMSEA = 0.08, NFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.91, GFI = 0.90, PGFI = 0.62).ConclusionThe Chinese version of the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale for University Students has adequate psychometric properties in the Chinese cultural context and can be used as an effective tool to measure psychosocial stress of university students in China.

ObjectiveTo explore the component factors of anhedonia in first-episode schizophrenia patients and the relationship with clinical symptoms， cognitive and social functioning.MethodsA total of 31 patients with first-episode schizophrenia who met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） and another 33 healthy controls were enrolled. Then， the anhedonia level， mental symptoms， cognitive and social functioning were assessed using Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale （TEPS）， Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）， Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status （RBANS） and Personal and Social Performance Scale （PSP）. Thereafter， Pearson correlation was used to discuss the correlation of anhedonia level with clinical symptoms， cognitive and social functioning.ResultsThe consummatory anhedonia score in TEPS of first-episode schizophrenia patients was lower than that of healthy controls， with statistical difference ［（27.71±5.48） vs. （31.58±5.92）， t=2.705， P=0.009］. Correlation analysis showed that consummatory anhedonia had no correlation with PANSS， RBANS and PSP scores in first-episode schizophrenia patients（P>0.05）.ConclusionFirst-episode schizophrenia patients have consummatory anhedonia， and the consummatory anhedonia may be independent of clinical symptoms， cognitive and social functioning.

BackgroundUnder ‘cocktail party’ listening conditions, healthy listeners and listeners with schizophrenia can use temporally pre-presented auditory speech-priming (ASP) stimuli to improve target-speech recognition, even though listeners with schizophrenia are more vulnerable to informational speech masking.MethodUsing functional magnetic resonance imaging, this study searched for both brain substrates underlying the unmasking effect of ASP in 16 healthy controls and 22 patients with schizophrenia, and brain substrates underlying schizophrenia-related speech-recognition deficits under speech-masking conditions.ResultsIn both controls and patients, introducing the ASP condition (against the auditory non-speech-priming condition) not only activated the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and left posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG), but also enhanced functional connectivity of the left STG/pMTG with the left caudate. It also enhanced functional connectivity of the left STG/pMTG with the left pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus (TriIFG) in controls and that with the left Rolandic operculum in patients. The strength of functional connectivity between the left STG and left TriIFG was correlated with target-speech recognition under the speech-masking condition in both controls and patients, but reduced in patients.ConclusionsThe left STG/pMTG and their ASP-related functional connectivity with both the left caudate and some frontal regions (the left TriIFG in healthy listeners and the left Rolandic operculum in listeners with schizophrenia) are involved in the unmasking effect of ASP, possibly through facilitating the following processes: masker-signal inhibition, target-speech encoding, and speech production. The schizophrenia-related reduction of functional connectivity between the left STG and left TriIFG augments the vulnerability of speech recognition to speech masking. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The landing gear of an aircraft bears a large impact load during landing, which causes the internal shock absorber to withstand high oil pressure and air pressure, and the buffer performance is greatly influenced. Firstly, based on the axial load of the buffer, the pressure formula of each cavity of the buffer is deduced. Then, the differential equation of the landing motion of landing gear is established by using the two mass system. Finally, the landing gear buffer pressure simulation model is built by using MATLAB/Simulink, which is used to analyze the variation of the pressure of each chamber with time and buffer stroke at different landing speeds, and the influence of oil chamber pressure on the cushioning performance with different oil return areas. The results show that, at different landing speeds, the pressure of each cavity presents a certain regularity at a specific moment of the landing process; the positive stroke oil return hole should not be too small, ensuring that the oil fills the oil return cavity, and the reverse stroke oil return hole cannot be too large to ensure that the oil fills the main oil chamber; the oil pressure in the buffer during landing process affects the stability of the plunger.

Limited by the hardware, the bandwidth of the transmitted signal is not wide enough for super resolution; this is the same for cross resolution, which is limited by the observation angle. In this paper, we propose a technique for imaging fusion using 2D-imaging super-resolution by using multi-radar data from different observation locations, and the resultant effective band is proposed. First, a sparse 2D parametric model based on GTD theory is introduced to construct a dictionary by matching the scattering theory of the radar observation target. Then, the multi-radar fusion imaging framework is constructed. Meanwhile, the 2D model’s sparse parameters are obtained in low SNR using an expansion-compression variance-component algorithm. Finally, radar echo data is expanded to realize the fusion imaging process. The simulation results show that the image quality is improved after multi-radar fusion, which is better than that of the single radar echo, verifying the effectiveness of our method.

The passive radar detection system receives secondary reflection signal by the navigation satellite signal. The secondary reflection signal is too weak to detect the target. The method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of weak targets is proposed based on the accumulation algorithm. First, short-time correlation of the echo signal sequence is accumulated in the short-time coherence. Then long-time coherent accumulation is used in the frequency multiplication sequence. Finally, incoherent accumulation is used to detect weak target. By simulation, the SNR of target signal increases 8 dB than tradition method.