Search

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different levels of quercetin in diets on the laying performance, egg quality, and lipid metabolism of Hyline brown laying hens in late laying period, and to determine the optimal supplemental level of quercetin in laying hens. A total of 1 600 sixty-week-old healthy Hyline brown laying hens were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates per group and 100 laying hens per replicate. Hens in control group were fed a basal diet, and hens in experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg quercetin, respectively. The pre-test lasted for one week and the formal test lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows: Compared with the control group, the laying rate of Hyline brown laying hens in all quercetin groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), the egg weight and average daily egg weight of the test group 2 and group 3 were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to egg was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the eggshell thickness and egg weight of the test group 2 and group 3 were significantly increased (P<0.05), the eggshell strength and eggshell weight in the test group 2 were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the yolk color and Haugh unit were significantly improved in all quercetin groups (P<0.05). The crude protein content in yolk of the test group 2 and group 3 was significantly increased (P<0.05), the cholesterol and triglyceride content in yolk of the test group 2 were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the phospholipid content in yolk of all quercetin groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum adiponectin content in the test group 2 and group 3 was significantly increased (P<0.05), the serum leptin content in all quercetin groups was increased (P<0.05), and the serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose content in the test group 2 were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The serum free fatty acid content in the test group 2 and group 3 was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The results show that adding proper quercetin to the production of Hyline brown laying hens can improve the laying performance and egg quality, regulate the metabolism of blood lipids, and improve the body's health. The appropriate supplemental level of quercetin is 400 mg/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To clarify the inheritance of resistance to avermectin+pyridaben in Tetranychus truncatus Ehara. [Methods] Resistant (RR)and susceptible (SS) strains of Tetranychus truncatus Ehara were crossed and backcrossed to investigate the genes involved in resistance to avermectin+pyridaben, their dominance (D) and cytoplasmic factors involved in resistance. [Results] D values for F1 females from SS♀xRR♂ crosses and SS♀xRR♂ crosses were in the range of 0 < D < 1 (0.625 and 0.802, respectively), indicating incomplete dominance. The 95% confidence limits of these two D values overlap, indicating that there is no significant difference between DSR and DRS. This reveals that the gene responsible for resistance is located in the autosome. A Chi-square (χ²) goodness-of-fit analysis indicated that mortality levels in F2 females (BC1SR and BC1RS) were significantly different (χ²= 16.92, df = 9, P < 0.05) from the expected values for multiple gene control. [Conclusion] The inheritance of resistance to abamectin+pyridaben in T. truncatus can easily cause a wide spectrum of resistance that is difficult to reduce. Consequently, abamectin+pyridaben should be used in rotation with the other insecticides to reduce selection for resistance to this combination of insecticides. It's important to implement a preventive resistance management strategy and measures to manage resistance to abamectin+pyridaben. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the apoptotic and proliferation effects of signal transduction inhibitors on human endometrial carcinoma cells with different PTEN gene expression., Methods: PTEN antisense oligonucleotide and pcDNA3.1/PTEN vector contained PTEN gene were transfected into endometrial carcinoma cells (HEC-1A and Ishikawa). The expression of PTEN protein was detected by confocal spectral microscopy. The endometrial carcinoma cells (HEC-1A, HEC-1A-PTEN-null, Ishikawa, Ishikawa-PTEN) were treated with signal transduction inhibitors, RG-14620, SB203580 (SB) and rapamycin, respectively. Cell apoptosis morphology, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry. Cell viability was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay., Results: The PTEN protein expression in two endometrial carcinoma cells (Ishikawa, HEC-1A) was exchanged by PTEN antisense oligonucleotide blocked and pcDNA3.1/PTEN stable transfected. After treated with RG-14620, SB and rapamycin, marked morphological changes of apoptosis were observed in HEC-1A-PTEN-null and Ishikawa cells. The cell apoptosis of HEC-1A-PTEN-null and Ishikawa cells exposed to SB were significantly increase [(31.6 +/- 0.8)% and (37.8 +/- 0.8)%, respectively], the G(1) phase cells were increased to (84.1 +/- 3.2)% and (87.5 +/- 1.9)%. While cell viability was significantly decreased in HEC-1A-PTEN-null and Ishikawa cells, the cell viability of HEC-1A-PTEN-null and Ishikawa cells exposed to SB were (54.0 +/- 2.1)% and (49.0 +/- 1.7)%., Conclusion: Loss of PTEN in endometrial carcinoma cells may improve the G(1) phase cells and apoptotic effects, inhibit the cell proliferation, which due to the sensitivity of cells to related signal transduction inhibitors.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in interrupting hepatitis B virus (HBV) intrauterine infection during late pregnancy., Methods: We allocated 112 HBsAg positive pregnant women into 2 groups randomly. Fifty seven cases in the HBIG group received 200 IU (unit) HBIG intramuscularly every 4 wk from the 28 wk of gestation to the time of delivery, while 55 cases in the control group received no special treatment. HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAb, HBeAb, HBsAb and HBV DNA levels were tested in the peripheral blood specimens from all of the mothers at 28 wk of gestation, just before delivery, and in blood from their newborns within 24 h before administration of immune prophylaxis., Results: The intrauterine infection rate in HBIG group and control group were 10.5% and 27.3%, respectively, with significant difference (P<0.05). It showed ascendant trend as HBV DNA levels in the peripheral blood increased before delivery., Conclusion: HBIG is potent to cut down HBV intrauterine infection rate significantly when administered to pregnant women regularly during late pregnancy. The possibility of HBV intrauterine infection increases if maternal blood HBV DNA> or =10(8) copies/mL.

Objectives: To develop a new method for amplifying and sequencing the full-length of HBV genome., Methods: A pair of primers located at the nick region of HBV molecule and a thermostable polymerase with high fidelity and sensitivity were used. After cloning the PCR products into a plasmid, the sequences of HBV genome were analyzed., Results: The full-length of HBV genome were acquired using this method. The sensitivity and fidelity of the new method were also analyzed. The least quantity of initial templates was 10(2) and the artificial mutation rate was 1.2 bp/kb., Conclusion: This method can be used in amplification and sequence analysis of the full-length of HBV genome on a large scale.

Aim: To investigate the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) specific immunoglobin (HBIG) and lamivudine on HBV intrauterine transmission in HBsAg positive pregnant women., Methods: Each subject in the HBIG group (56 cases) was given 200 IU HBIG intramuscularly (im.) every 4 weeks from 28-week (wk) of gestation, while each subject in the lamivudine group (43 cases) received 100 mg lamivudine orally (po.) every day from 28-wk of gestation until the 30(th) day after labor. Subjects in the control group (52 cases) received no specific treatment. Blood specimens were tested for HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV-DNA in all maternities at 28-wk of gestation, before delivery, and in their newborns 24 hours before the administration of immune prophylaxis., Results: Reductions of HBV DNA in both treatments were significant (P<0.05). The rate of neonatal intrauterine HBV infection was significantly lower in HBIG group (16.1 %) and lamivudine group (16.3 %) compared with control group (32.7 %) (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between HBIG group and lamivudine group (P>0.05). No side effects were found in all the pregnant women or their newborns., Conclusion: The risk of HBV intrauterine infection can be effectively reduced by administration of HBIG or Lamivudine in the 3(rd) trimester of HBsAg positive pregnant women.