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Abstract Introduction The large amount of intraoperative bleeding and the high incidence of postoperative hematuria are still common factors affecting the prostate surgery treatment effect. Our research aimed to observe the effect of prostatic enucleation using 1,470 nm semiconductor laser on the amount of bleeding in patients with different sizes of prostate hyperplasia. Methods According to the size of the prostate, forty eligible patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were enrolled and divided into low and high volume group in this study. Hemoglobin decline, urinating condition, complications and erectile function were collected and compared before and after surgery. Results Our data showed that hemoglobin decline was (10.0 ± 6.2) g/L and (12.1 ± 7.8) g/L, respectively for two group after surgery (P = 0.363). Urination was significantly improved following surgery in both groups of patients (P

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Transurethral Holmium Laser of the Prostate (HoLEP) with Double-n Technology in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), with a focus on preserving sexual function postoperatively. Methods: Conducted as a multicenter, prospective, single-blind randomized controlled trial, this study enrolled sexually active male patients with BPH. Participants were randomized into three groups: standard HoLEP (Group A), single-n technology (Group B), and innovative double-n technology (Group C), which emphasizes the preservation of the urethral mucosa and nearby structures. The primary endpoints included maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Results: Of the 180 initial participants, 139 completed the study. All groups showed significant improvements in Qmax and IPSS. Initial declines in IIEF scores were noted across all groups, stabilizing to baseline by 3 months without further improvement. Group A had modest antegrade ejaculation rates, starting at 15.4% at 3 months and reaching 23.1% at 12 months. Group B showed a significant improvement, with AE rates rising from 31.8% at 3 months to 45.5% at 12 months, significantly higher than Group A (p < 0.05). Group C had the highest AE rates, starting at 57.8% at 3 months and reaching 77.8% at 12 months, significantly surpassing both Group A and B (p < 0.05). Regarding semen reduction, Group A had 100% reduction at 3 months, which decreased to 77.8% at 12 months. Group B followed a similar trend, from 100% at 3 months to 68.2% at 12 months. Group C showed a more pronounced decline, starting at 84.6% at 3 months and dropping to 37.1% at 12 months, with values significantly lower than both Groups A and B (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The double-n HoLEP technique shows promising results in improving urinary symptoms while better preserving ejaculatory function and sexual quality of life in BPH patients. This technique could offer a significant advancement in the surgical management of BPH, particularly for sexually active patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is an important member of the peroxiredoxin family (PRDX) and is upregulated in a variety of tumors. Previous studies have found that high PRDX1 expression is closely related to the metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but the specific molecular mechanism is elusive. To elucidate the role of PRDX1 in the metastasis process of OSCC, we evaluated the expression of PRDX1 in OSCC clinical specimens and its impact on the prognosis of OSCC patients. Then, the effect of PRDX1 on OSCC metastasis and cytoskeletal reconstruction was explored in vitro and in nude mouse tongue cancer models, and the molecular mechanisms were also investigated. PRDX1 can directly interact with the actin‐binding protein Cofilin, inhibiting the phosphorylation of its Ser3 site, accelerating the depolymerization and turnover of actin, promoting OSCC cell movement, and aggravating the invasion and metastasis of OSCC. In clinical samples and mouse tongue cancer models, PRDX1 also increased lymph node metastasis of OSCC and was negatively correlated with the phosphorylation of Cofilin; PRDX1 also reduced the overall survival rate of OSCC patients. In summary, our study identified that PRDX1 may be a potential therapeutic target to inhibit OSCC metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Guangzhou and Guangxi, China, Abrus cantoniensis Hance (AH) is known for its liver-protective properties and is commonly used in herbal teas and soups. In the herbal market and pharmaceutical preparations, AH and Abrus mollis Hance (AMH) are often used interchangeable. Despite their morphological and usage similarities, distinguishing their differences is essential for scientific research and clinical practice. This study focuses on the morphological identification, chemical composition, and hepatoprotective effectiveness of AH and AMH. It aims to evaluate their interchangeable use and provide a rationale for this practice. This research helps regulate the market of AH medicinal materials, ensuring clinical safety and effectiveness. Samples of AH and AMH roots, stems, leaves, and seeds were collected and photographed using a stereoscope and digital imaging system. The chemical components of AH and AMH were qualitatively analyzed using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. Chemometric techniques, such as PCA and OPLS-DA, were employed to discern the componential differences between the two species. A CCl 4 -induced acute liver injury mouse model was developed to assess hepatoprotective effects. The hepatoprotective properties of AH and AMH were evaluated by analyzing the liver index, H&E staining, changes in serum liver function indicators (TBIL, ALT, AST), and concentrations of SOD, MDA in liver homogenate. The root color, texture, stem diameter, cross-sectional characteristics, leaf shape, and seed morphology of the two plants were observed. Notable differences were identified, which can be used for accurate identification. The UPLC-Q/TOF-MS identified 50 compounds in both species, which were classified into 3 alkaloids, 22 flavonoids, 2 triterpenes, 10 triterpene saponins, 10 amides, and 3 others, and 20 different compounds between AH and AMH were screened by chemometrics. By improving serum biomarkers (ALT, AST, TBIL) and regulating oxidative stress markers (SOD, MDA), the alleviating effect of AH and AMH extracts on liver injury was confirmed. Notably, AH showed a stronger liver protective effect, significantly reducing ALT and AST levels more than AMH. This study enhances understanding of the morphological identification, chemical profiling, and hepatoprotective effects of AH and AMH. It provides a reference for future scientific research and the clinical application of AH in treating liver damage. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study classified food souvenirs into four categories based on two dimensions of product characteristics (i.e., brand awareness and local relevance) and investigated the differences in their online sales. We also explored the role of online sales platforms and geographical distance in moderating the sales differences among different categories of food souvenirs. Real sales data were collected from a regional enterprise that sells food souvenirs on both local and national online shopping platforms. The data include the sales volume of 606 types of food souvenirs from 2015 to 2018. The results show that food souvenirs characterized by strong brand awareness and high local relevance are the first choice of consumers. Interestingly, consumers value brand awareness more than local relevance when purchasing food souvenirs. Furthermore, the sales platform and geographical distance moderate the sales volume of different types of food souvenirs. Finally, implications and recommendations for future research are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the function of LIM and calponin homology domains 1 (LIMCH1) in the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), along with their potential clinical applications., Methods: By utilizing transcriptome sequencing data from two groups of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, along with bioinformatics analytical techniques such as Gene Ontology (GO) and gene co-expression networks, we identified genes that might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. We employed real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting to validate the expression patterns of these genes across twelve patient tissue samples. Furthermore, we conducted CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry analyses, and scratch wound healing assays to assess the impact of key genes on the biological behaviors of both the Cal27 oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line and the potentially malignant DOK oral lesion cell line. Additionally, we examined correlations between these key genes and clinical disease parameters in 214 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data; gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis results were also incorporated to enhance our findings from real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting regarding potential mechanisms underlying the action of these key genes., Results: The integrated analysis of sequencing data and bioinformatics revealed that LIMCH1 exhibited significantly reduced mRNA ( P < 0.001) and protein levels ( P < 0.01) in the oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with normal control tissues. In the Cal27 cells, the low LIMCH1 level group demonstrated a larger wound healing area within 24 hours than the control group ( P < 0.01), enhanced proliferation capacity over 72 hours relative to the control group ( P < 0.01), and an increased apoptosis rate within 24 hours compared with the high expression group ( P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between the low and high level groups in DOK cells. Furthermore, it was determined that low LIMCH1 level correlated with poor prognosis in the patients ( P =0.013) and a higher lymph node metastasis rate ( P < 0.05). Investigations into the potential mechanisms of action indicated that LIMCH1 did not influence the onset or progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway., Conclusion: LIMCH1 level may function as a promising biomarker to aid in the prognostic assessment of oral squamous cell carcinoma; however, its precise mechanistic role requires further investigation.

Objective: To investigate the influence of preoperative detrusor muscle activity on the short-term prognosis of elderly patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) undergoing 1470 nm semiconductor laser surgery., Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on clinical data from 165 elderly BPH patients who underwent 1470 nm semiconductor laser surgery between May 2019 and April 2023. Patients were stratified based on preoperative urodynamic study findings, specifically their bladder contractility index (BCI). Patients with a BCI ≤100 constituted the detrusor underactivity (DU) group (n=64), while those with a BCI >100 formed the non-DU group (n=101). Surgical parameters, including duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, bladder irrigation, and catheterization duration, were compared. Additionally, changes in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of Life (QOL) score, residual urine volume, and peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) were assessed before and three months after surgery in both groups., Results: There were no statistically significant differences observed between the DU and non-DU groups concerning surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospitalization duration, bladder irrigation duration, and postoperative catheterization duration (P > .05). Similarly, no significant disparities were noted in the IPSS and QOL scores preoperatively and at the three-month follow-up in both groups (P > .05). Both cohorts exhibited no significant differences in residual urine volume before surgery and at the three-month mark postoperatively (P > .05). However, the postoperative Qmax was significantly reduced in the DU group compared to the non-DU group (P < .05)., Conclusions: Detrusor muscle activity does not exert a significant impact on clinical symptom improvement and quality of life in elderly BPH patients treated with 1470 nm semiconductor laser surgery. However, patients with DU exhibited inferior postoperative recovery in Qmax, underscoring the importance of preoperative urodynamic studies for early intervention and enhanced surgical outcomes in this patient population.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic basis for a child with global developmental delay and autism., Methods: A child who had presented at West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University on April 13, 2021 was selected as the study subject. Clinical manifestations, laboratory examination and result of genetic testing were analyzed., Results: The main symptoms of the child had included cognitive, language and motor delay, autism and epilepsy. Electroencephalogram revealed multiple focal discharges in both waking and sleeping stages, with the remarkable one seen at the sleeping stage. Cranial MRI showed pachygyria and local cortical thickening, Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed that the child has harbored a heterozygous c.1589&#95;1595dup (p.Gly533Leufs*143) frameshifting variant in the TBR1 gene (OMIM 604616). Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the variant was predicted to be likely pathogenic (PS2+PVS1&#95;Supporting+PM2&#95;Supporting). After treated with levetiracetam and rehabilitation training, the child did not have seizure in the past 5 months, and his motor development has also significantly improved., Conclusion: The c.1589&#95;1595dup variant of the TBR1 gene probably underlay the disease in this patient.

Objective: To explore the clinical feature and genetic variant of a child with autosomal recessive Charlevoix-Saguenay type spastic ataxia (ARSACS)., Methods: Clinical data of a child who was admitted to the West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University on April 30, 2021 was collected. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out for the child and his parents. Candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG)., Results: The child, a 3-year-and-3-month-old female, had a complain of "walking instability for over a year". Physical and laboratory examination revealed progressive and aggravated gait instability, increased muscle tone of the right limbs, peripheral neuropathy of the lower limbs, and thickening of retinal nerve fiber layer. The results of WES revealed that she has harbored a maternally derived heterozygous deletion of exons 1 to 10 of the SACS gene, in addition with a de novo heterozygous c.3328dupA variant in exon 10 of the SACS gene. Based on the ACMG guidelines, the exons 1-10 deletion was rated as likely pathogenic (PVS1+PM2&#95;Supporting), and the c.3328dupA was rated as a pathogenic variant (PVS1&#95;Strong+PS2+PM2&#95;Supporting). Neither variant was recorded in the human population databases., Conclusion: The c.3328dupA variant and the deletion of exons 1-10 of the SACS gene probably underlay the ARSACS in this patient.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and CSNK2B gene variant of 2 children with Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome, and to identify the possible pathogenic causes and provide evidence for clinical diagnosis., Methods: Two children with Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome were selected from West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University. The clinical manifestations, laboratory examination and CSNK2B gene variant were analyzed., Results: The main manifestations of 2 children were epilepsy, motor or intellectual retardation. Whole exon sequencing showed that CSNK2B gene c. 291+4A>T heterozygous splicing variant was found in case one, and CSNK2B copy number variation(CNV) was lost in case two. Case one received no special treatment, followed up for 8+ months, seizures and motor development were improved; case two had recurrent seizures for 9+ years, and received levetiracetam and clonazepam antiepileptic treatment. No seizures have occurred for 2 years now, and a large number of epileptic discharges can still be seen in video electroencephalogram (VEEG) with slightly backward intelligence and language development., Conclusion: Our study further proves that the pathogenic variant of CSNK2B is related to epilepsy with developmental disorder, and enrich is the CSNK2B gene variant spectrum. The pathogenesis of CSNK2B has great clinical heterogeneity, with great difference in severity of nervous system injury and different prognosis, and agenesis of corpus callosum may be one of its clinical phenotypes.

Objective: To analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of a child featuring Xia-Gibbs syndrome., Methods: Whole exome sequencing was carried out for the child., Results: The patient has presented with developmental delay, hypotonia, strabismus and snoring. Cranial MRI revealed hypomyelination, while the EEGs were normal. Genetic testing revealed a de novo variant of the AHDC1 gene, namely c.730delA (p.Ile244Serfs*16), which was classified as pathogenic (PVS1+PS2+PM2). Together with 60 cases from the literature, individuals harboring a AHDC1 variant commonly have delayed motor milestones, speech delay, facial dysmorphism and hypotonia. Dysgenesis of corpus callosum is also common. In total 47 AHDC1 variants have been reported, among which truncating variants were the most common type., Conclusion: The c.730delA (p.Ile244Serfs*16) variant of the AHDC1 gene probably underlay the Xia-Gibbs syndrome in this patient. Above finding has provided a basis for the clinical diagnosis.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and ZBTB18 gene variant in a child with epilepsy and global developmental delay., Methods: Clinical data and laboratory examination of the patient were reviewed. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was also carried out for the family trio., Results: The main manifestations of the child included global developmental delay, short stature, epileptic seizures. EEG revealed frequent occurrence of sharp (slow) waves in the right central region during sleeping, with sharp waves occasionally seen in the frontal and right posterior temporal regions. Cranial MRI has shown no obvious abnormality. WES has identified a de novo pathogenic variant in the ZBTB18 gene [NM&#95;205768.3: exon 2: c.1282&#95;1283del (p.Phe428Leufs*72)]. Based on the guidelines from American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as pathogenic (PS2+PVS1&#95;Moderate+PM2&#95;Supporting). Following treatment with levetiracetam and rehabilitation, the seizures have been controlled for nearly half a year, with improvement of the psychomotor and language development. So far 28 children have been discovered with ZBTB18 gene mutations, and there was a significant difference in the clinical phenotypes of motor retardation, language retardation and epilepsy between those harboring frameshift/nonsense mutations and missense mutations., Conclusion: The c.1282&#95;1283del (p.Phe428leufs *72) variant of the ZBTB18 probably underlay the autosomal dominant mental disorder type 22 in this child. Compared with missense mutations, frameshift/nonsense mutations may predispose more to motor retardation, delayed language development and epilepsy.

Objective: To explore the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics of two children with developmental epileptic encephalopathy type 66., Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the two children and their parents. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out and suspected variant was verified by Sanger sequencing., Results: The main manifestations of the two children were neonatal onset seizures, hypotonia, global developmental delay, and facial dysmorphisms. Cranial MRI showed delayed myelination in case 1 and cerebellar dysgenesis in case 2. WES has identified a de novo pathogenic variant in the PACS2 gene in both patients, namely c.625G>A (p.Glu209Lys)(NM&#95;001100913.3), which was reported as a pathogenic variant before. This variant was predicted to be pathogenic according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guideline (PS2+PM2+PP3). The seizures were controlled after combination treatment of sodium valproate and levetiracetam in both cases. At last follow-up, the motor and intellectual development of the 2 cases were improved. Compared with the cases reported, the clinical symptoms and signs of our cases were relatively mild, and the treatment effects were fairly good., Conclusion: The variant of c.625G>A (p.Glu209Lys) in PACS2 gene is a hotspot variant of developmental epileptic encephalopathy 66. Gene testing can facilitate the clinical diagnosis and treatment.