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2. Progress in animal model research on obstructive sleep apnea

Author

SHEN Yubin, OU Xiwen, and LIU Song

Subjects
obstructive sleep apnea, intermittent hypoxia, sleep deprivation, animal model, Medicine
Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder, and its pathophysiological mechanism complex and not fully understood. This article elaborately explores three categories of OSA animal models: natural, direct and indirect, emphasizing their advantages and disadvantages in simulating OSA pathophysiological processes. Natural OSA models primarily focus on spontaneous upper airway obstructions. Direct OSA models induce OSA through direct obstruction of the airway, while indirect OSA models mainly investigate the impacts of chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep deprivation (SD) on the organism. Although these models have played a pivotal role in studying the pathophysiological mechanisms of OSA and developing new therapeutic methods, they also present certain limitations and challenges. Future research directions include the development of non-invasive monitoring technologies, establishing OSA-combined models, and the application of gene-editing technologies, aiming to more comprehensively and accurately simulate the complexity and diversity of human OSA, providing more insights into its mechanisms and developing new therapeutic methods.

Published
2024
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4. An Interactive Data Visualization and Analytics Tool to Evaluate Mobility and Sociability Trends During COVID-19

Author

Zuo, Fan, Wang, Jingxing, Gao, Jingqin, Ozbay, Kaan, Ban, Xuegang Jeff, Shen, Yubin, Yang, Hong, and Iyer, Shri

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

The COVID-19 outbreak has dramatically changed travel behavior in affected cities. The C2SMART research team has been investigating the impact of COVID-19 on mobility and sociability. New York City (NYC) and Seattle, two of the cities most affected by COVID-19 in the U.S. were included in our initial study. An all-in-one dashboard with data mining and cloud computing capabilities was developed for interactive data analytics and visualization to facilitate the understanding of the impact of the outbreak and corresponding policies such as social distancing on transportation systems. This platform is updated regularly and continues to evolve with the addition of new data, impact metrics, and visualizations to assist public and decision-makers to make informed decisions. This paper presents the architecture of the COVID related mobility data dashboard and preliminary mobility and sociability metrics for NYC and Seattle.

Published
2020

8. Cyber Security Against Denial of Service of Attacks on Load Frequency Control of Multi-area Power Systems

Author

Shen, Yubin, Fei, Minrui, Du, Dajun, Zhang, Wenjun, Stanković, Srdjan, Rakić, Aleksandar, Diniz Junqueira Barbosa, Simone, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Du, Xiaoyong, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Liu, Ting, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Li, Kang, editor, Xue, Yusheng, editor, Cui, Shumei, editor, Niu, Qun, editor, Yang, Zhile, editor, and Luk, Patrick, editor

Published
2017
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13. How is Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with High Blood Pressure and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2? Clues from a Two-Step Mendelian Randomized Study

Author

Shen,Yubin, Wang,Hongwei, Zhang,Weiyu, Ou,Xiwen, Liu,Song, Shen,Yubin, Wang,Hongwei, Zhang,Weiyu, Ou,Xiwen, and Liu,Song

Abstract

Yubin Shen,* Hongwei Wang,* Weiyu Zhang, Xiwen Ou, Song Liu Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep Lab, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Song Liu, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep Lab, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613651713307, Email liusong@xinhuamed.com.cnBackground: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), high blood pressure (HBP), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a close clinical relationship, but whether and how OSA affects HBP and T2DM is unclear.Study Design and Methods: Two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization techniques were applied using single-nucleotide polymorphisms as genetic instruments for exposure and mediators, thus minimizing bias due to confounding factors and reverse causality. The total effect of OSA on HBP and T2DM was categorized into direct and mediating effects based on the mediating factors.Results: Two-sample MR analysis showed that OSA increased the risk of HBP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.010, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002– 1.018; P = 0.0121) and T2DM (OR = 1.140, 95% CI, 1.059– 1.228; P = 0.0005). In the process of OSA caused by HBP, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (female, 4.47% mediation; male, 2.76% mediation), total testosterone (TT) (male, 3.72% mediation), bioavailable testosterone (BioT) (female, 7.74% mediation), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (3.25% mediation), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) (1.31% mediation) were individual contributors. SHBG (female, 4.10% mediation; male, 1.58% mediation), TT (male, 3.69% mediation), BioT (female, 2.58% mediation), HDL-C (3.32% mediation), ApoA1 (2.14% mediation), and omega-6 fatty acids (2.33% mediation) may have mediating roles to varying degrees in the process of OSA caused by T2DM.Interpreta

Published
2023

17. A rapid screening platform for antibiotic susceptibility testing based on a simple colorimetric method.

Author

Zhao, Rui, Shen, Yubin, Zhao, Chenyu, Wu, Chengfeng, Liu, Yuyang, Wan, Huakun, and Lu, Zhentan

Subjects
*MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, *COLORIMETRY, *MEDICAL screening, *ESCHERICHIA coli, *DRUG resistance in bacteria, *URINE
Abstract

Rapid screening platforms for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) are important in inhibiting bacterial resistance in clinical practice. Herein, a rapid screening platform is reported for AST, which is based on nanofiber membrane enrichment bacteria-assisted cell counting Kit-8 (CCK8) colorimetry. The absorbance of CCK8 formazan has a linear relationship with the number of bacteria. The interference of antibiotics in the absorbance of CCK8 formazan could be eliminated by separating planktonic bacteria from the culture medium using nanofiber membranes. The total detection time is 7–9 h, using the new screening platform, which is significantly shorter than that with the traditional method, and the limit of detection of this method is 10 CFU mL−1. The evaluation results of antibiotic susceptibility are identical when using the new screening method and traditional methods. This method meets the definition of "rapid testing" for antibiotic susceptibility by most microbiologists. Furthermore, the new screening platform for antibiotic susceptibility testing ability in vitro was proved using E. coli in urine and blood, and S. aureus in wound fluid as practical samples. All the results showed that the new screening platform is a promising method for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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25. Cultivating China's Cinchona: The Local Developmental State, Global Botanic Networks and Cinchona Cultivation in Yunnan, 1930s–1940s.

Author

Shen, Yubin

Subjects
CINCHONA, TAIWANESE economy, MALARIA prevention, SINO-Japanese War, 1937-1945, EPIDEMICS
Abstract

This article reconstructs the history of China's first successful cinchona cultivation programme in Hekou, Yunnan province from the 1930s to 1940s during the Nationalist era (1928–49). I argue that the Hekou programme was initiated by the Yunnan 'local developmental state' to control endemic malaria and achieve quinine self-sufficiency. It was expanded during the Sino-Japanese War (1937–45) as part of the national defence project in order to develop Yunnan's malaria-ridden southwest frontier to provide more resources for the war, as well as to solve broader wartime epidemic crises in southwest China. A closer examination also indicates that the development of the Hekou programme was closely intertwined with global networks of cinchona cultivation and international politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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26. Event-triggered robust H∞ control for uncertain networked control systems with time delay

Author

Shen, Yubin, Fei, Min-Rui, Du, Dajun, Peng, Chen, Tian, Glen, Shen, Yubin, Fei, Min-Rui, Du, Dajun, Peng, Chen, and Tian, Glen

Abstract

H∞ control for networked control systems with exogenous disturbances and norm-bounded parameter uncertainties has been extensively investigated. However, how to better use the limited network capacity and computation resources while reducing the conservativeness of the H∞ control is still not fully understood. This paper presents a new dynamic discrete event-triggered scheme with improved modelling and control design to tackle this problem. The event-triggering is designed with periodic data sampling, and consequently the closed-loop system is formulated as a unified time-delayed model with the sampled data. From this model, an augmented Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional is constructed with triple-integral terms. A new free-weight matrix technique and the Wirtinger-based inequality are utilized over the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional to derive a less conservative controller. This leads to two delay-range-dependent stability criteria in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Integrating all these components forms a co-design method for the minimum H∞ performance index and our event-triggered scheme. Simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the approach presented in this paper.

Published
2018

30. Event-triggered robust H∞ control for uncertain networked control systems with time delay.

Author

Shen, Yubin, Fei, Minrui, Du, Dajun, Peng, Chen, and Tian, Yu-Chu

Subjects
*AUTOMATIC control systems, *TIME delay systems, *LYAPUNOV exponents, *INTEGRALS, *MATRIX inequalities
Abstract

H∞ control for networked control systems with exogenous disturbances and norm-bounded parameter uncertainties has been extensively investigated. However, how to better use the limited network capacity and computation resources while reducing the conservativeness of the H∞ control is still not fully understood. This paper presents a new dynamic discrete event-triggered scheme with improved modelling and control design to tackle this problem. The event-triggering is designed with periodic data sampling, and consequently the closed-loop system is formulated as a unified time-delayed model with the sampled data. From this model, an augmented Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional is constructed with triple-integral terms. A new free-weight matrix technique and the Wirtinger-based inequality are utilized over the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional to derive a less conservative controller. This leads to two delay-range-dependent stability criteria in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Integrating all these components forms a co-design method for the minimum H∞ performance index and our event-triggered scheme. Simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the approach presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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33. Complementary Modernisms in China and the United States

Author

Zhang, Jian, Robertson, Bruce, Bryan-Wilson, Julia, Chen, Yao, Decemvirale, John Vincent, Ding, Ning, Kou, Huaiyu, Kwon, Marci, Landau, Ellen G., Li, Chao, Liu, Chen, Lu, Hao, Lu, Peng, Mao, Qiuyue, Rinder, Lawrence, Shao, Yiyang, Shen, Yubing, Wang, Duanting, Weems, Jason, Wolf, Reva, Zhu, Qingsheng, and Zurier, Rebecca

Subjects
modernism, art history, China, United States, art criticism, postmodernism, avantgarde, History of art, Later 20th century c 1950 to c 1999
Abstract

Complementary Modernisms in China and the United States: Art as Life/Art as Idea is the result of a conference where Chinese and Americanist art historians addressed the development of modernism in their respective cultural traditions. The chapters juxtapose historical developments without attempting to map connections or influences. Instead, both national modernisms are presented as part of the larger terrain of global modernism, but generated within specific, localized circumstances. This juxtaposition reveals significant differences as much as any particular moments of connection or similarities, disrupting any standard narrative of the primacy of French (or European) avant-garde art and its influence on more belated and peripheral communities.The differences that are revealed are not merely the result of the very different historical trajectories of each country’s moves into modernity. Rather, differences in attention and methodology are just as important, in particular the focus on the post-1980 development of Chinese art as part of the modernization of Chinese culture and economy, rather than the American perspective on post-1980s postmodern qualities. At the same time, significant convergent concerns emerge, such as the importance of urban centers and urbanization, the profound effect of political and technological disruption, and the question of identity.The volume represent a cross-section of Chinese and Americanist art historians, both early career and senior scholars, working on a wide variety of subjects, such as the Ashcan School, Impressionism, Cai Liang, Liang Sicheng, Huang Binhong, Cézanne, Bauhaus, Joseph Cornell, Andrew Wyeth, Louise Nevelson, Jackson Pollock, Andy Warhol, and contemporary art more broadly, with (as is usual in any survey of the 20th century these days) a concentration on the 1960s.《交互视野下的中国和美国的现代艺术: 艺术/生活或观念》这一会议论文集收录了中美艺术史家对现代主义在各自传统下的发展进行研究所得的成果。这些文章并置历史发展，而非试图详述其中的关联或影响。相反，两个国家的现代主义都被展现为全球现代主义大背景中的一部分，并被认为是在特定环境中产生的。这种并置显示了重要的差异性以及任何特殊情况下的联系或相似之处，打破了一般强调法国（或欧洲）先锋派首要地位及其对周围团体产生影响的标准论述。中国与美国现代主义发展上的差异，并不仅仅是由于两国进入不同历史轨道发展现代化而导致的。相反，关注点和方法论的差异也同样重要，尤其是关注八十年代后中国艺术的发展，将其作为中国文化与经济现代化的一部分，而不是从美国视角来看待八十年代后的后现代价值。同时，也出现了重要的趋同关注点：城市中心与城市化的重要性，政治或科技解体所造成的深远影响，以及自我认同的问题。本论文集所收录的文章，彰显了当今重要的中美艺术史家研究的多样性，从资深到青年一代，从阿什坎学派至当代艺术，（并与任何当下对二十世纪作出的概括论述相一致，）将重点放在二十世纪六十年代。

Published
2020
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35. Too young to date! The origins of zaolian (early love) as a social problem in 20th-century China

Author

Chiang, Howard and Shen, Yubin

Abstract

Zaolian (literally means “early love,” “zao” for “early”, “lian” for “love”) refers to courtship or dating among young people in elementary and secondary school systems. In today’s China, it is regarded as a serious social problem related to minors/adolescents. To safeguard their moral, hygiene and promising future, it is believed that zaolian should be prevented and controlled by school regulations, family pressures, and even state laws. This paper attempts to provide a historical explanation to origins of this specific juvenile delinquency in China’s long twentieth century. Firstly, it offers a critical discussion on current scholarships, which dismiss zaolian either as a Freudian sexual repression by the Chinese Communist regime since 1949 or as a product of this regime’s social control efforts in the early 1980s. Unconvinced by these explanations, it then presents a new approach to examine “moral, ideological and structural” origins of zaolian. The moral and ideological origins include traditional Confucian patriarchy and its sexual norms, a new regime of western medical sciences, and the sexual repressive regime of the Chinese Communist Party, and all of them could be traced at least in the early 20th century. Lastly, it turns to the more crucial structural origins, or the three institutional-buildings responding to globally circulating discourses since the early 20th century: modern marriage against zaohun (early marriage), family planning policy against zaoyu (early childbirth) and modern educational system. Zaolian as a social problem was fledged in the 1980s when the three institutions had been well-established in China.

Published
2015
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36. Demand Activated Toughening in Garments.

Author

Jacob, Karl I., Cook, Fred L., Thadhani, Naresh, Polk, Malcolm, and Shen, Yubin

Abstract

Although armor protective fabrics do not have a very large market share (some 200,000 units per year, but increasing every year), their high added value is counted in the number of lives they save each year and in the number of serious life threatening injuries they prevent. Law enforcement agents routinely use them to protect themselves from hand-held weapons fire. Such fabrics are used in areas where there exists a potential threat to life due to high velocity projectiles (e.g. bullets and shrapnel, containers for check-in baggage in airplanes to protect from explosives, etc.). However, existing multilayer fabric vests used for this purpose are heavy and bulky to wear, and usage of such fabrics in extreme conditions (such as in jet engine containment walls to capture broken blade projectiles) causes thermal oxidative degradation of organic fibers resulting in diminished properties. Successful completion of our effort will provide additional means for protecting lives and body parts from various impacts and impact-generated projectiles. In addition, instead of relying solely on the innate strength and modulus of plied fabrics to resist impact damage, as is currently done, the proposed work would provide an "intelligent" fabric system that transforms into a tough/hard material only when needed, i.e., only when triggered by a high velocity projectile impact. This project is particularly important now that Homeland Security is a high National concern. The basic mechanism involves shock-induced reactions in a carefully chosen metal/polymer system or polymer system with metal/metal mix that transforms into a hard impact resistant material. The reactions occur because of the actual stress waves generated by the penetration of the projectile, hence the transformation takes place due to shock waves that move ahead of the projectile in the material. The selection of particle/polymer system as well as their distribution is the most important aspect in maximizing the transformation toughening of garments, and we have been focusing on understanding the mechanism of this transformation in order to enhance ballistic resistant properties of fabric systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008

37. Demand Activated Toughening in Garments.

Author

Jacob, Karl I., Cook, Fred L., Thadhani, Naresh, Polk, Malcolm, and Shen, Yubin

Abstract

Although armor protective fabrics do not have a very large market share (some 200,000 units per year, but increasing every year), their high added value is counted in the number of lives they save each year and in the number of serious life threatening injuries they prevent. Law enforcement agents routinely use them to protect themselves from hand-held weapons fire. Such fabrics are used in areas where there exists a potential threat to life due to high velocity projectiles (e.g. bullets and shrapnel, containers for check-in baggage in airplanes to protect from explosives, etc.). However, existing multilayer fabric vests used for this purpose are heavy and bulky to wear, and usage of such fabrics in extreme conditions (such as in jet engine containment walls to capture broken blade projectiles) causes thermal oxidative degradation of organic fibers resulting in diminished properties. Successful completion of our effort will provide additional means for protecting lives and body parts from various impacts and impact-generated projectiles. In addition, instead of relying solely on the innate strength and modulus of plied fabrics to resist impact damage, as is currently done, the proposed work would provide an "intelligent" fabric system that transforms into a tough/hard material only when needed, i.e., only when triggered by a high velocity projectile impact. This project is particularly important now that Homeland Security is a high National concern. The basic mechanism involves shock-induced reactions in a carefully chosen metal/polymer system or polymer system with metal/metal mix that transforms into a hard impact resistant material. The reactions occur because of the actual stress waves generated by the penetration of the projectile, hence the transformation takes place due to shock waves that move ahead of the projectile in the material. The selection of particle/polymer system as well as their distribution is the most important aspect in maximizing the transformation toughening of garments, and we have been focusing on understanding the mechanism of this transformation in order to enhance ballistic resistant properties of fabric systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007

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