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This study aimed to investigate the effects of CYP2C19 metabolizer status on the clinical therapeutic efficacy of cerebral infarction. Patients with cerebral infarction ( n = 180; NIHSS score ≤ 5) were recruited and divided into Group A and Group B according to CYP2C19 metabolizer status. In Group A, patients received routine clopidogrel therapy for 1 year; in Group B, the patients with extensive metabolizer (EM) were treated with clopidogrel, and patients with intermediate metabolizer (IM) and poor metabolizer (PM) were treated with aspirin for 1 year. On admission, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was determined, and the therapeutic efficacy was evaluated with Modified Rankin Scale score after 1 year of treatment. The outcomes and adverse effects were recorded during the treatment. After routine clopidogrel treatment, the efficacy in EM patients was significantly better than in PM and IM patients. After adjustment of therapeutic protocol, the therapeutic efficacy in PM and IM patients was markedly improved, which was accompanied by significant reduction in recurrence rate of cerebral infarction. Although the adverse effects increased in patients receiving aspirin treatment, they resolved after symptomatic therapy. CYP2C19 metabolizer status is closely related to the clinical efficacy of clopidogrel. Thus, it is necessary to adjust the anti-platelet treatment according to the CYP2C19 metabolizer status to maximize therapeutic efficacy without increasing recurrence and adverse effects.

To study how the Cd/As flux ratio affects the microstructure and transport properties for Cd _3 As _2 films, we used molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to grow Cd _3 As _2 (224) thin films on CdTe (111)/GaAs (001) virtual substrates. The effects of Cd/As flux ratio, during the grown process, on the electrical properties and surface morphology of the sample was studied. The films grown at lower Cd/As flux ratio have higher electron mobility and longer effective dephasing length. With decreasing Cd/As flux ratio, the magnetoresistance (MR) of the film changes from negative to positive. These results show that a lower beam ratio is beneficial to improve the crystal quality. In order to optimize the electrical properties of the films, the effect of annealing on the electron mobility and MR have been studied. After annealing, the MR changes from negative to positive, the electron mobility increase by 8 times, and the MR increase from 15% to 360% at 9 T. These results indicate that annealing is an effective method to optimize the electrical properties of Cd _3 As _2 epitaxial films.

For problems of data-package collision and network degradation caused by slotted CSMA/CA standard algorithm used in MAC layer of IEEE 802.15.4 network, the paper used ABE algorithm to improve the standard algorithm, and used NS-2 software to simulate performances of 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 network based on slotted CSMA/CA standard algorithm and ABE algorithm separately. The simulation results showed an overall improvement in network performances of throughput, successful delivery ratio of data-package, fairness and drops number of LQI data-package.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of the product of preoperative platelet count and C-reactive protein (P-CRP) on the postoperative prognosis of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and to construct a Nomogram to predict the recurrence-free survival (RFS) of NMIBC patients based on pathological data. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 164 NMIBC patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) at the Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China from January 2013 to December 2019. The endpoint of the study was the RFS. Kaplan-Meier (KM) method and Cox regression were used for analysis to identify independent factors affecting RFS. Then, the Nomogram was used to visualize the results of the multivariate analysis that were statistically significant and related to the RFS of NMIBC patients. Finally, the predictive ability of the model was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves. Results: Before the end of the follow-up, the RFS was 88.3% at 1 year, 75.5% at 2 years, and 58.5% at 3 years. KM curves showed that P-CRP (HR=0.357, 95% CI: 0.204-0.625, P<0.001), number of tumors (HR=2.658, 95% CI: 1.572-4.494, P<0.001), tumor size (HR=2.271, 95% CI: 1.377-3.745, P=0.001), T stage of the tumor (HR=2.026, 95% CI: 1.233-3.329, P=0.005), and tumor G grade (G2: HR=1.615, 95% CI: 0.48-5.433, G3: HR=3.361, 95% CI: 1.022-11.054) were independent factors affecting the RFS of NMIBC patients after TURBT. The Nomogram could estimate the risk of tumor recurrence at 1, 2, and 3 years postoperatively. The Nomogram model incorporating P-CRP parameters had a higher predictive accuracy than the classic model that only included EORTC risk group parameters. Conclusion: Preoperative P-CRP has a certain impact on the RFS of NMIBC patients after TURBT. The Nomogram incorporating P-CRP, number of tumors, tumor size, T stage, and tumor pathological grading can better predict the postoperative recurrence risk of NMIBC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lack in understanding of the mechanism on brachial plexus avulsion (BPA)-induced neuropathic pain (NP) is the key factor restricting its treatment. In the current investigation, we focused on the nociceptor-localized K+-Cl− cotransporter 2 (KCC2) to investigate its role in BPA-induced NP and related pain sensitization. A novel mice model of BPA on the middle trunk (C7) was established, and BPA mice showed a significant reduction in mechanical withdrawal threshold of the affected fore- and hind- paws without affecting the motor function through CatWalk Gait analysis. Decreased expression of KCC2 in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was detected through Western blot and FISH technology after BPA. Overexpression of KCC2 in DRG could reverse the hyperexcitability of DRG neurons and alleviate the pain of BPA mice synchronously. Meanwhile, the calcium response signal of the affected SDH could be significantly reduced through above method using spinal cord fiber photometry. The synthesis and release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was also proved reduction through overexpression of KCC2 in DRG, which indicates BDNF can also act as the downstream role in this pain state. As in human-derived tissues, we found decreased expression of KCC2 and increased expression of BDNF and TrκB in avulsed roots of BPA patients compared with normal human DRGs. Our results indicate that nociceptor-localized KCC2 can suppress BPA-induced NP, and peripheral sensitization can be regulated to reverse central sensitization by targeting KCC2 in DRG at the peripheral level through BDNF signaling. The consistent results in both humanity and rodents endow great potential to future transformation of clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to analyze differentially expressed lncRNAs in a model of cardiac hypertrophy, specially focusing on the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA NONMMUT023529 (lncRNA N29) in myocardial hypertrophy. Based on gene microarray results, RT‐qPCR validation confirmed that lncRNA N29 was significantly upregulated in TAC‐induced mice cardiac tissues. Echocardiographic assessments further verified that silencing lncRNA N29 led to a marked improvement in cardiac function, which aligned with the pathological findings revealed by H&E and Masson staining. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence staining results also confirmed that silencing lncRNA N29 effectively inhibited myocardial hypertrophy. Dual luciferase reporter assay and western blot results confirmed that lncRNA can mediate miR‐193b‐5p/TGFBR2 axis to regulate smad/2/3 expression and mitigate the progression of myocardial hypertrophy. Our findings suggested that the close association between the protective mechanism involving in the silencing lncRNA N29 in myocardial hypertrophy and miR‐193b‐5p/TGFBR2 axis. We identified that lncRNA N29 might act as a therapeutic target for the treatment of myocardial hypertrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic performance of three slab ballastless tracks in the China Railway Track System (CRTS), which is supported by a simply supported box girder under various train loads, were comprehensively investigated with refined rigid-flexible coupled models. A refined rigid-flexible coupled model of vehicle-multi layer track-bridge system was developed to investigate the dynamic performance of three various CRTS slab tracks (i.e., CRTS I, II, III) under various conditions of train models, speeds and loads, respectively. The numerical analysis was conducted by using the combination of ANSYS and Universal Mechanism. It shows that the developed refined model has the capability of simulating the vehicle-slab track-bridge interaction with consideration multi-layer track structures, and the model predictions agree reasonably well with the experimentally measured wheel load reduction rate, lateral displacement and lateral acceleration of the bridge under different train speeds. The parameters of derailment system, vertical and lateral acceleration, the wheel-rail contact force, and Sperling index gradually become larger with the increase of the train speed, especially when the speed increases to 350 km/h. In addition, there is a significant increase in vertical wheel-rail contact force while a decrease in Sperling index when the train with full load capacity. Furthermore, the CRTS III slab track has demonstrated a better dynamic performance of track and bridge structures in comparison to CRTS I and CRTS II slab ballastless tracks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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