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The article considers the origin and education of candidate of theology Fedir Hlazunov. It highlights his teaching career in various religious and medical educational institutions. A special attention is paid to his collaboration with the historian and academician Dmytro Yavornytskyi, particularly in the scientific archival commission. The article also explores Hlazunov’s friendship with church historian Vasyl Bidnov and his family, as well as with the artist Mykola Pohribniak. It includes the memoirs of Oleksandra Serafimova (daughter of the enlightener Ivan Truba) about Fedir Hlazunov and his wife, Anastasiia Harkavtseva. The article brings attention to the revival of Fedir Hlazunov, a representative of pe­dagogical science in the Dnieper region, whose Ukrainian spirit had long been unjustly forgotten.

Introduction. Nowadays personal mobility aids (SIMs) are in active demand. According to the data of the mass media, the considered means of mobility are particularly popular in southern cities, such as the cities of Krasnoyarsk region, in which 190 accidents involving SIMs occurred during the period of 2018–2023. In order to assess the changing situation in the field of accidents involving SIMs in the scale of southern cities, a model for predicting the number of accidents involving the considered means of transportation within the framework of this study using the example of Krasnodar Krai was developed.Methods and Materials. In order to predict the number of traffic accidents, mathematical modelling methods have been used as a research method, in particular the science of econometrics has been applied, which is quite often used to evaluate statistical indicators from a mathematical point of view.Results. The authors have developed a model for predicting the number of accidents involving SIM for Krasnodar region with a reliability of 67%.Conclusion. It was found that the increasing nature of change in the considered quantities can be described using a multiplicative model consisting of three components – seasonal, trend and random. The calculation of all components enables to determine the type of model (), which can calculate the number of accidents involving SIM for the subject (Krasnodar Krai) under consideration.

Authentic music contributes to the revival of cultural traditions, which requires the selection of the most favourable approaches to its reproduction. The aim of the work is to determine the effectiveness of authentic performance methods for the development of musical interpretation in music students. The research employed the following methods: observation, efficiency ratio, sampling ratio, and correlation index. The authors developed teaching methods that involved working with an authentic musical repertoire, developing the performance technique of music students. It was also planned to build the skills of performing authentic melodies with the use of various musical instruments. Digital applications Music Theory Companion, goodEar Pro were also used for training. The original performance of European authentic melodies was achieved at the highest level (7.5), which is related to the observance of the sequence of sounds. Achieving a higher level of performance of authentic Ukrainian melodies is associated with the creation of own variations (8.0), which contributed to emotional performance. It was established that the musical process had an impact on the of students’ musical thinking, independence skills, musical and rhythmic skills, understanding of cultural values, and development of intonation. Personal (0.93) and professional (0.90) skills were also developed during the educational process. The practical significance of the research is the identified most favourable approaches to the authentic reproduction of melodies. Research prospects may involve studying the quality of authentic melodies as a result of using different musical instruments.

Locomotion in mammals is directly controlled by the spinal neuronal network, operating under the control of supraspinal signals and somatosensory feedback that interact with each other. However, the functional architecture of the spinal locomotor network, its operation regimes, and the role of supraspinal and sensory feedback in different locomotor behaviors, including at different speeds, remain unclear. We developed a computational model of spinal locomotor circuits receiving supraspinal drives and limb sensory feedback that could reproduce multiple experimental data obtained in intact and spinal-transected cats during tied-belt and split-belt treadmill locomotion. We provide evidence that the spinal locomotor network operates in different regimes depending on locomotor speed. In an intact system, at slow speeds (

The article represents a life and a professional path of zemstvo doctor Mykola Petrovych Motsakov. His contribution to the development of the medical service in Katerynoslav has been presented: he worked in the community of mourning sisters, was the first chief doctor in the field of the Red Cross. He died prematurely in the prime of his life in the line of duty. Excerpts from the diary of Princess Vera Urusova about his mother have been provided. The presented material will contribute to the popularization of the figure of the Ukrainian zemstvo doctor.

Background. Recently, the number of patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome has increased. Numerous studies to find new regulators of metabolic processes have led to the disco­very of a new fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). The purpose of the study was to determine the correlation between FGF21 and meta­bolic processes among patients with gastrointestinal pathology. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in 80 patients with gastrointestinal diseases aged 18 to 66 years, the average age was (39.04 ± 1.03) years. Among the subjects, there were 56 men (70.0 %) and 24 women (30.0 %). Body composition was assessed using the Tanita MC-780MA apparatus (Japan). Serum leptin, FGF21, insulin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the HOMA-IR was calculated. Free fatty acids in the serum of patients were evaluated on Chromateс Crystal-5000, a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector. Results. The study found positive correlations between FGF21 levels and indicators of bioimpedance analysis: body mass index (r = 0.24; p = 0.004), fat mass (r = 0.26; p = 0.01) and visceral fat (r = 0.29; p = 0.01). In addition, a relationship was detected between FGF21 levels and laboratory data: insulin (r = 0.32; p = 0.001), HOMA-IR (r = 0.31; p = 0.001), leptin (r = 0.32; p = 0.001), triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio (r = 0.48; p = 0.0001), and the content of certain free fatty acids. This indicates that FGF21 affects the development of obesity and metabolic disorders. It was found that FGF21 is associated with visceral obesity in patients with digestive diseases (odds ratio = 1.28, p = 0.0022). FGF21 levels above 1,317.5 pg/mL (sensitivity of 71.0 %, specificity of 53.1 %) indicate the presence of visceral obesity in patients with gastrointestinal di­seases. Conclusions. As a result of a comprehensive study, new data were obtained on the role of FGF21 as a key regulator of metabolic disorders, which is confirmed by the established relationships of this indicator with the components of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, cytokine imbalance, and hormonal activity of adipose tissue in patients with pathology of the digestive system.

Diagnostic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based on the typical clinical picture of the disease and the exclusion of other diseases manifesting by cognitive and behavioural disorders by MRI scans of the brain and laboratory tests. For an accurate diagnosis of AD and exclusion of other diseases, detection of biological markers (biomarkers) of AD in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is of great importance: a decrease in the level of beta-amyloid (Ав^ -42) and an increase in the level of phosphorylated tau protein. The analysis of AD biomarkers in the CSF of 63 patients (16 men and 47 women, mean age 72±8.7 years) with a typical picture of AD [30 patients in the moderate cognitive impairment (MCI) stage and 33 in the mild dementia stage] allowed us to confirm the diagnosis in 54 cases (85.3%) and to exclude it in the remaining nine patients (14.7%). We present a case of a 59-year-old patient with MCI in whom biomarkers typical of AD were detected in the CSF, confirming the diagnosis of AD. We also present the observations of two patients with possible AD, in whom the results of the CSF examination made it possible to rule out AD and indicated hippocampal sclerosis and tauopathy. At present, an accurate diagnosis of AD based on the study of biomarkers of the disease is of great practical importance, since at the stage of MCI and mild dementia it is possible to prevent the progression of AD with anti-amyloid therapy. Currently, AD is rarely diagnosed in our country, so it is of great importance to inform physicians about modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of AD.

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the psychological self-preservation of volunteers with varying lengths of volunteer experience. The main structural components of psychological selfpreservation, the level of subjective stress, and the psychological safety of the individual are identified. The presence of meaning in life and personal characteristics such as extraversion, friendliness, conscientiousness, and openness to new experiences were examined. The use of basic coping strategies in stressful situations was analysed. In order to study the psychological self-preservation of the personality of volunteers through structural components, including cognitive, emotional, behavioural, and social, the following psychodiagnostic methods were used: Ukrainian adaptation of the short five-factor personality questionnaire (TIPI-UKR); “Express diagnostics of the psychological safety of the individual”; Questionnaire of the Perceived Stress Scale PSS-10; The Meaning of Life Questionnaire MLQ 2006, and the method of psychological diagnostics of coping mechanisms (E. Heim). Psychological self-preservation implies the ability of a person to effectively adapt to negative events and the ability to think positively and rationally assess the situation. This implies the ability to manage emotions, create a positive social environment, and have the resources to restore mental and physical health after difficult life events. It was found that in the subjects, with an increase in the duration of volunteer work, the level of subjective stress increases and the level of feeling of psychological safety decreases, which also indicates that volunteer work is a complex multifaceted process and requires resources and energy. However, with regard to the presence of meaning in life, it can be seen that with increasing experience of volunteering, there is a higher level of presence and search for meaning in life. It can be assumed that volunteer work and helping others gives a sense of selfrealisation, significance, and personal importance. The search for meaning in life is relevant for all the subjects studied and reflects the current situation of self-realisation both professional and personal life and serves as a structural element of the psychological self-preservation framework, giving meaning and awareness to a person's activities. Further study of the structural components of psychological self-preservation requires the development and implementation of psychological training on the development of resistance to stressful situations, taking into account the presented results of empirical research

Background. Despite the clear trend towards infant mortality decrease in our country, there are significant differences in values in some federal districts and regions of Russian Federation. Thus, the assessment of infant mortality rates and health indicators is crucial topic of scientific analysis. Objective. The aim of the study is to investigate selected child health indicators and infant mortality rates in the Chechen Republic. Methods. We have conducted the retrospective cross-sectional study of infant mortality rates, prematurity incidence, infant and newborn morbidity, and mortality of children born sick or got sick. The study was based on the data from official statistics and from the extraction of statistical reporting forms No. 12 and No. 32. Results. The Chechen Republic belongs to the regions with high infant mortality rate, however, it has decreased by 11.6% from 6.9 to 6.1‰ in 2018–2022. The major diseases causing lethal outcomes in infants in this region, and in Russia as a whole, were certain conditions that occur in the perinatal period, and congenital disorders. Meanwhile, mortality from respiratory diseases and some infectious and parasitic diseases exceeded the national average. Prematurity incidence in the republic was 1.5 times lower than the national average, newborns morbidity was 1.7 times lower, infants morbidity was 4.0 times lower. Trend analysis has revealed that prematurity incidence and newborns morbidity have slightly changed over 5 years (+2.2% and –1.0%), while infants morbidity had significant trend (–40.2%). All morbidity rates of children who died at the age under 1 year were significantly lower than the national average for all classes of diseases that are the most common for infants mortality. The mortality rates among children born sick or got sick were on average 5.4 times higher than similar indicators in Russia. The highest mortality rate was observed among children who died from perinatal conditions, congenital disorders, external causes, and some infectious and parasitic diseases. The level of the maternal and child health service performance was 0.44 on average over the 5-year interval, that corresponds to the average level of efficacy. Conclusion. This study has allowed to reveal that there is an urge to improve the organization of medical care for infants in the Chechen Republic.

The aim of the article is to highlight the importance and relevance of blockchain technology for the financial sector of the global economy, as well as to find out how blockchain technology affects security and reliability in the financial sector, simplifying the processes of exchanging assets and making transactions; emphasizing the importance of blockchain technology in improving the settlement system, reducing time, and increasing market liquidity. With rapid technological development, the role of blockchain technology is growing as a key factor determining new directions for the financial sector. Since its emergence as the foundation for cryptocurrencies, blockchain has quickly evolved from an alternative concept to a powerful tool that has the potential to change the paradigm of how financial services work. Outdated methods of providing financial services have long been in need of revision. Challenges such as data entry into various systems and manual processing of information are becoming increasingly common in the financial sector. The centralized model is becoming increasingly vulnerable to cyberattacks, as all data is concentrated in one place. Consequently, to date, outdated methods of information systems and the workload of paper documents in the financial sector have proven to be not only ineffective, but also vulnerable to security risks. These problems arise from deficiencies in centralized systems that store and process sensitive information. Lack of transparency, the possibility of errors, and suspicion about security are obstacles to the effective functioning of financial institutions. To solve these problems and improve processes, it is necessary to move towards digital innovations that promote collaboration, increase trust, independence and ensure a high level of security. One of the most promising technologies that meets these requirements is blockchain, which is based on a distributed data storage system and cryptographic principles, which can provide a high level of security, transparency, and authenticity of information. It avoids intermediaries by allowing direct collaboration between participants, and it also makes it possible to store and transmit data in a secure environment without the risk of their modification.

Libman–Sachs endocarditis (nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, NBTE) may be one of the cardiac manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is characterized by the presence of sterile platelet thrombi on previously normal heart valves. The diagnosis of NBTE is difficult as it is often asymptomatic until complications such as systemic emboli or valvular dysfunction occur. Patients with Libman–Sachs endocarditis and SLE are treated with immunosuppressive and anticoagulant therapy and, if it is ineffective, surgical treatment.A clinical case of SLE and Libman–Sachs endocarditis is presented. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and treatment of NBTE in SLE are discussed. The difficulties in differential diagnosis and selection of optimal treatment tactics faced by physicians are highlighted.

In the condition of traumatic brain injury (TBI), the brain develops a series of complex metabolic changes, including protein carbonylation, enhanced lipid peroxidation, impaired neurotransmitter release, and imbalanced energy supply, that are associated with the development of different functional disorders so the search for preventive medications in this pathology is very important. Edaravone is considered a supplementary drug in the treatment of different functional disorders of the central nervous system, but the mechanisms of its protective action remain under question. Aim. This comparative research aimed to study the effects of edaravone on the biomarkers of carbonyl-oxidative stress (COS) in rats with traumatic brain injury. TBI was caused by mechanical damage with a metal weight (450 g) falling from a height of 170 cm. Methods. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyls (PC370/PC430) were studied using spectrophotometry in serum and fraction S1 in brain cortex and hippocampus of experimental animals. Edaravone supplementation may provide significant protection against brain hemorrhagic complications by reducing COS and oxidative modification of proteins. Resylts. In our study, edaravone demonstrated moderate efficacy in reducing serum PC430 and AOPP levels, indicating its ability to attenuate TBI-induced oxidative damage. In addition to its systemic effects, edaravone exerted targeted effects on COS-modified proteins in the hippocampus, even though such biomarkers were not altered significantly by TBI alone. Concluson. Further research is necessary to elucidate the primary mechanisms of action of this drug based on the data obtained.

The aim of the article is to analyze the impact of digital transformation on the global financial architecture and economy. The study examines in detail the connection between the digital transformation of the global economy and changes in the world’s financial systems, reveals the key trends and the challenges they generate. In recent decades, there has been a rapid development of digital technologies that affect all aspects of public life. The rapid progress of the information society, the globalization of information processes and the increasing activity in innovative areas of economic activity, such as online stores, online banks and electronic currencies, have significantly transformed the economic landscape. These changes have led to the formation of a new economic sector known as the «digital economy». The conception of the «digital economy» became relevant at the end of the 20th century, when Nicholas Negroponte defined it in 1995 as the transition from the movement of atoms to the movement of bits. The digital economy is based on the use of digital technologies and includes e-business, e-commerce, and the products and services they generate. One of the most important aspects of digital transformation is increasing automation of processes. The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to optimize production and business processes is becoming increasingly common. It is also noticeable that digital transformation encourages the development of new business models, in particular the platform economy. Within these models, ecosystems are created that bring together different industries and players to jointly achieve goals and solve problems. The results of the study highlight the importance of digital transformation as a key driver of economic development and structural changes in financial systems. This opens up new opportunities to increase productivity, increase competitiveness, and foster innovation.

Background. In Ukraine, metabolic syndrome remains one of the most important problems of family medicine, it contributes to an increase in the prevalence of digestive diseases. Among the components of metabolic syndrome, researchers consider visceral obesity to be the most prognostically unfavo­rable. The purpose is to optimize diagnostic approaches to the formation of a risk group for the detection of visceral obesity in gastroenterology patients. Materials and methods. Eighty patients with gastrointestinal diseases were examined, 56 men (70.0 %) and 24 women (30.0 %). The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 66 years, with an average of (39.04 ± 1.03) years. TANITA MC-780MA body composition analyzer scales (Japan) were used to assess body structure. In all patients, serum levels of glucose, insulin, leptin, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined, as well as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), atherogenicity coefficient (AC) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results. Gastroenterological patients with visce­ral obesity had more pronounced changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, which were characterized by a decrease in the content of HDL-C by 16.3 % (p

The article represents a life and a professional path of zemstvo doctor Pavlo Nikiforovich Boichenko. His contribution to the development of medical services in the Dnipro region has been presented. The doctor participated in the provision of medical aid to the wounded people during the Crimean War (1853–1856), and assisted in the elimination of the cholera epidemic. The ascetic created the description of Church institutions in Katerynoslav, took care of orphanages. Pavlo Boichenko received awards and gratitude from the authorities, zemstvo, and fellow citizens. The provided material will contribute to the popularization of the figure of the Ukrainian zemstvo doctor.

The article presents the clinical experience of treating patients with various intestinal diseases in combination with other pathologies. Three cases of management of patients with different nosological forms of intestinal diseases are given: ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticular disease. Features of the course of diseases, an examination algorithm using modern innovative techno­logies and comprehensive treatment are presented. This contributed to positive dynamics and improvement of the quality of life of patients.

Background. Recently, there has been an increase in the prevalence of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and, against this background, motility disorders of the upper digestive tract (UDT), which, in turn, is the basis for the formation of chronic pathology of the digestive organs in children. The purpose was to improve the treatment of children with ANS dysfunction by studying the type of motility disorders of the UDT and prescribing therapy schemes depending on the type of disorders. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of clinical and anamnestic, laboratory, instrumental and psychological research of 109 children aged 6–16 years with autonomic dysfunction. Results. All surveyed children were divided into two representative groups: group I (main one, n = 87) — patients with autonomic dysfunction and impaired motility of the UDT who by type of motor function were divided into two subgroups: IA — with the acceleration of this function (n = 18) and IB — with its slowdown (n = 69); group II (comparison one, n = 22) — children with autonomic dysfunction without motility disorders of the UDT. In order to treat patients in subgroup IA, they, in turn, were divided into two therapeutic subgroups: IA1 — only basic therapy for autonomic dysfunction, and IA2 — in addition to basic therapy for autonomic dysfunction, correction of motility disorders of the UDT was performed. Patients of subgroup IB were also divided into two subgroups: IB1 — only basic therapy for autonomic dysfunction, and IB2 — in addition to basic therapy for autonomic dysfunction, correction of motility disorders of the UDT was conducted. The effectiveness of treatment for autonomic dysfunction syndrome has been proven, taking into account the type of motility disorders of the UDT. Different treatment regimens were proposed for children with ANS dysfunction without disorders and with the presence of motility disorders. The use in the comprehensive treatment of children with autonomic dysfunction syndrome of drugs that affect the motor function of the upper alimentary canal significantly increases its effectiveness during treatment for 30 days (89.0 versus 57.0 % when motor function slows down). Conclusions. The effectiveness of the comprehensive treatment for autonomic dysfunction has been proven, taking into account the type of motility disorders of the UDT. It reliably reduces the risk of recurrence of clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal pathology in children.

Background: Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus entails the development of complications which affect the prognosis of the underlying disease. More than 40% of COVID-19 complications represent diseases of the cardiovascular system, most of which are the rhythm and conduction disturbances. In order to avoid these complications, it is necessary to detect cases of infection in a timely manner at the outpatient stage. Clinical case description: A 40-year-old patient came to the clinic with complaints of interruptions in the heart rhythm that appeared after the coronavirus infection. The laboratory examination (CBC) revealed signs of systemic inflammation (leukocytosis 12.6×109 U/l; erythrocyte sedimentation rate 18 mm/h, C-reactive protein 18 mg/l); the instrumental examination of the heart revealed the rhythm disturbances in the form of frequent ventricular ectopic activity and weakness of the SA node. The patient received propafenone (150 mg, 3 times a day) as a therapy with a positive effect. Against the background of improvement in the patient’s condition and despite the history of myocarditis and a positive result of enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 (IgG, 10 BAU/ml), the patient was prescribed immunization with the CoviVac vaccine. After the immunization, the condition worsening was observed in the form of an increase in the rhythm disturbances, which required an inpatient treatment. A clinical diagnosis of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia — ventricular extrasystole was established, and the therapy was corrected. The outcome was favorable. Conclusion: Myocarditis is one of the most common complications of SARS-CoV-2 and should be kept in mind at all stages of medical care. This clinical case demonstrates the importance of the correct diagnosis and treatment of post-COVID myocarditis, as well as the need to assess contraindications for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with cardiac complications.

Bovine anaplasmosis is an infectious vector-borne disease caused by bacteria of the genus Anaplasma, which have a wide global distribution and represent a high economic burden for agriculture. The use of molecular genetic techniques has increased our knowledge of the species diversity of Anaplasma spp. and naturally susceptible animals. Monitoring studies allow us to assess the level of infection in herds, as well as the involvement of natural vectors in the processes of maintaining and spreading infection. Despite the high prevalence of Theileria and Babesia in cattle in Kazakhstan, there is no information on the distribution and species diversity of Anaplasma spp in this country. As part of this work, 7027 DNA samples isolated from the whole blood of cattle from 175 settlements in all 17 Kazakhstan regions were PCR-tested for the presence of Anaplasma spp. Anaplasma carriers were found in 1.3% (90 out of 7027) of the tested animals in 9 of the 17 regions of Kazakhstan. The highest percentage of infected animals was recorded in Turkistan (South Kazakhstan) and North Kazakhstan with 4.46% and 2.48% positive samples, respectively. The partial sequencing of 16S rRNA and the groEL gene allowed us to identify five species of Anaplasma: A. centrale, A. marginale, Candidatus Anaplasma Mongolica, A. ovis, and Unknown Anaplasma with infection rates of 0.63%, 0.44%, 0.13%, 0.01%, and 0.01%, respectively.

The variety of mechanisms of development and progression of heart failure (CHF) and sarcopenic obesity is reflected in changes in the concentrations of various biomarkers, one of which is high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Its importance in the implementation of various stages of HF pathogenesis and its impact on the patient’s condition support the interest of researchers in studying this marker. It is known that HF is one of the pathogenetic factors leading to sarcopenia, which in turn aggravates the severity of these conditions. The purpose of this study is to analyze modern publications devoted to the role of hsCRP in the pathogenesis of HF and sarcopenic obesity, as well as to assess the relationship between hsCRP and the disease severity, prognosis for HF, sarcopenic obesity, and their combination.

The historic Lake Biwa Canal, an artificial waterway that supplies water from Lake Biwa to Kyoto, was built to revitalise Kyoto after the capital was moved to Tokyo in 1868. Apart from its main function, the canal plays a significant role in organising the cultural landscape of the surrounding areas. This study raised topical issues of sustainable development, preservation, and revitalisation of historic engineering structures. The artificial waterway was considered in terms of its pulling effects on the surrounding environment, both urban and landscape. The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of the landscape-organising role of the Biwa Canal and its transformation over time, specifically with adaptation to the relevant problems of modern time. The study was conducted mainly using in situ field research methods. As a result, the key role of the canal as a constant catalyst for the development of Kyoto’s landscape architecture was outlined, which has changed substantially over time, but has not weakened and has always been innovative, organically combining modern industrial achievements with local traditions. In the first period of its existence (until 1951), the focus of landscape organising activities in the areas adjacent to the canal was on the creation of private and temple gardens, but from the second period of its existence (1951-early 1990s), the focus of landscape activities around the canal shifted to public recreational and park aspects. During the third period (since the early 1990s), when the canal was recognised as a National Historic Site, trends in the development of industrial and landscape tourism were also observed. The experience of preserving, revitalising, promoting, and adapting the landscape role of the Biwa Canal to the new needs of the present can be used as an example of the direction of similar activities for historic waterways in the world

The issue of postpartum inflammatory diseases of the uterus and appendages remains relevant for modern obstetrics due to their high percentage (5–26%) in the structure of morbidity and mortality among postpartum women. A rare clinical case of purulent oophoritis that occurred in a woman at the end of pregnancy and was detected on day 22 after childbirth, which was due to diagnostic difficulties, is presented, and the management approach in this clinical situation is shown.

The article represents the formation and development stages of the zemstvo paramedic school in Katerynoslav. Information is given on the charter, the educational process and the students’ living conditions. Data about teachers of this school have been provi­ded. It is also told about starting a private paramedic school in 1909. Surgeon Mykola Ehrlich was its founder and director. Interesting information about the activities of the school of medical assistants, i.e. paramedics, has been presented. The medical institution was headed by Professor Vincent Tomashevych. A photo of teachers and graduates of 1918 is provided. Currently, the training of the nursing staff is carried out at the Dnipro Basic Medical College.

Abstract Stem cell-based therapeutic approaches for neurological disorders are widely studied. Paracrine factors secreted by stem cells in vitro and delivered intranasally might allow bypassing the disadvantages associated with a surgical cell delivery procedure with likely immune rejection of a transplant. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of the extracellular vesicles secreted by glial progenitor cells (GPC-EV) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell in a traumatic brain injury model. Intranasal administration of GPC-EV to Wistar rats for 6 days improved sensorimotor functions assessed over a 14-day observation period. Beside, deep sequencing of microRNA transcriptome of GPC-EV was estimate, and was revealed 203 microRNA species that might be implicated in prevention of various brain pathologies. Modulation of microRNA pools might contribute to the observed decrease in the number of astrocytes that inhibit neurorecovery processes while enhancing neuroplasticity by decreasing phosphorylated Tau forms, preventing inflammation and apoptosis associated with secondary damage to brain tissue. The course of GPC-EV administration was promoted the increasing protein levels of NF-κB in studied areas of the rat brain, indicating NF-κB dependent mechanisms as a plausible route of neuroprotection within the damaged area. This investigation showed that GPC-EV may be representing a therapeutic approach in traumatic brain injury, though its translation into the clinic would require an additional research and development.

Certification of graduates of the Faculty of Medicine 2 of the National Medical University (NMU) in pediatric disciplines was conducted by the Department of Pediatrics 2 at the objective structured practical (clinical) exam 2 (OSP(C)E-2) station “Initial and resuscitation care to a newborn child” on the basis of the Educational and Scientific Center of Medical Simulations of the NMU. The methodology that we introduced in 2022 in the Medical Education journal was presented and approved at the methodical meeting of the heads of departments of pediatrics of higher education institutions of Ukraine during the Sidelnikov readings. The data of an anonymous survey of graduates demonstrated that most respondents (93.4 % of domestic and 91.9 % of foreign ones) were satisfied with the volume of the station and its practical orientation. The students noted that during preparation to exam, this particular model of the station allows them to master, when using mannequins, manipulations according to the algorithm of initial and resuscitation care to a newborn child, which can be useful under various circumstances in wartime conditions. Out of 338 students of the Faculty of Medicine 2, 303 (89.6 %) passed the OSP(C)E-2 exam with an “excellent” grade, 32 (9.4 %) with a “good” grade, and 3 (0.9 %) with a “satisfactory” grade. The issue of optimality and adequacy of assessing only the skills in initial and resuscitation care to a newborn child at the OSP(C)E-2 exam remained deba­table among teachers. This corresponds to the opinion of 8.1 % of domestic and 6.6 % of foreign students who believe that for perfection and objectivity of pediatric skills assessment, it would be desirable to introduce one more pediatric station for the OSP(C)E-2 exam with the involvement of a virtual a patient of a different age. Experience of certification in pediatric disciplines of higher education graduates majoring in 222 “medicine” specialty at the Bogomolets National Medical University, both teachers and students, testified to its effectiveness and objectivity in assessing the special competencies of graduates in providing resuscitation care to a newborn child.

The article represents the life and professional path of the doctor, enlightener Yukhym Arsentiiovych Pavlovskyi. He began his professional career as a zemstvo doctor in Oleksandrivskyi district. He worked in Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk), Zaporizhzhia region (Bilenke, Velyka Bilozerka villages). The circle of his medical and social environment is considered. The information about the repeated exiles (to the North Caucasus and Karaganda regions) for Ukrainian “nationalist” views has been provided. The fate of his descendants was investigated: his son Stepan (physician) and grandson Borys (historian). The presented material will contribute to the popularization of the figure of the Ukrainian zemstvo doctor-enlightener.

Background. In recent years, pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the association of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and metabolic syndrome have caused considerable interest among researchers. The purpose is to determine the features of cytokine balance, carbohydrate metabolism, leptin and ghrelin levels depending on the amount of visceral fat in patients with GERD. Materials and methods. Fifty-six patients with GERD were examined. According to the results of bioimpedance analysis, they were divided into the groups: 23 patients with a dangerous and 33 with a safe amount of visceral fat. The levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, ghrelin and leptin were determined in the blood serum of all patients by the enzyme immunoassay method. Also, the levels of glucose, insulin were determined and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated in patients with GERD. Results. In the group of GERD patients with a dangerous amount of visceral fat, an increase in the concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 by 12 % was found with a simultaneous decrease in the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 by 22 % (p