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183 results on '"Shi, Chunhai"'

4. SRG1, Encoding a Kinesin-4 Protein, Is an Important Factor for Determining Grain Shape in Rice

Author

Qin Ran, Delara Akhter, Yang Chengcong, Ujjal Kumar Nath, Jamal Eshag, Jin Xiaoli, and Shi Chunhai

Subjects
Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Grain shape is one of the important agronomic traits, which is closely related to the yield of rice. A new rice mutant, named small and round grain (srg1), was isolated from an indica cultivar Zhenong 34 by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. The microscopic analysis showed that the cell length of spikelet in srg1 was decreased compared with that in wild type (WT), which caused the grain length short. Meanwhile, the grains of srg1 were wider than those of WT because of the increased cell layers in spikelet in the lateral direction. Therefore, the inhibition of cell expansion and increased cell proliferation collectively led to the small and round grain. By map-based cloning, the gene SRG1 was located on the short arm of chromosome 9, which encodes a kinesin-4 protein, represented by the gene LOC_Os09g02650. A single nucleotide polymorphism, occurred in the 16th exon of SRG1, led to premature translation stop in mutant. The cell cycle-related genes were up-regulated in srg1, which conferred that SRG1 controlled grain width through the cell proliferation. Since the role of SRG1 in regulating grain shape was not clarified well before, it is valuable to explore the mechanism of grain development. This study could, hence, provide a morphogenesis and molecular basis for elucidating the function of SRG1, as well as a new germplasm resource for the further study of grain development. Keywords: small and round grain, kinesin-4 protein, gene mapping, rice

Published
2018
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7. A Novel and Pleiotropic Factor SLENDER GRAIN3 Is Involved in Regulating Grain Size in Rice

Author

Wang Zhongkang, Zeng Dongdong, Qin Ran, Liu Jialin, Shi Chunhai, and Jin Xiaoli

Subjects
Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Abstract:: Grain size is frequently selected during domestication and breeding. It influences the preferences of consumers, thus affecting the commercial value of rice. In present study, a mutant named as SLENDER GRAIN3 (sg3) was identified from cultivar Zhenong 41 (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) treatment. Histological analysis showed that the slender grain of sg3 mutant resulted from increased cell division longitudinally and decreased cell division horizontally. Compared with the wild type Zhenong 41, starch granules in sg3 mutant were more closely packed, thus decreasing the chalkiness. Moreover, grain yield per plant in sg3 mutant was improved by 14%. By map-based cloning, SG3 was located on the long arm of chromosome 3 with a physical distance of 82 kb, and a 9-bp deletion in the 5⿲-UTR of LOC_Os03g27110 was identified, which upregulated the expression level significantly. Moreover, a molecular marker for SG3 was developed to identify the grain size during the early generation breeding in rice. The novel factor SG3 regulated the grain size mainly through changing the cell division and the endosperm formation in rice. Key words: grain size, gene mapping, phenotype analysis, rice

Published
2018
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11. Characterization of wavy root 1, an agravitropism allele, reveals the functions of OsPIN2 in fine regulation of auxin transport and distribution and in ABA biosynthesis and response in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Author

Li, Wenqiang, primary, Zhang, Minjuan, additional, Qiao, Lei, additional, Chen, Yunbo, additional, Zhang, Dapeng, additional, Jing, Xiuqing, additional, Gan, Pengfei, additional, Huang, Yangbin, additional, Gao, Junru, additional, Liu, Wenting, additional, Shi, Chunhai, additional, Cui, Hongchang, additional, Li, Haifeng, additional, and Chen, Kunming, additional

Published
2022
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24. SRG1, Encoding a Kinesin-4 Protein, Is an Important Factor for Determining Grain Shape in Rice

Author

Jin Xiaoli, Yang Chengcong, Delara Akhter, Qin Ran, Jamal Eshag, Shi Chunhai, and Ujjal Kumar Nath

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cell growth, Mutant, Morphogenesis, Wild type, food and beverages, Methane sulfonate, Plant Science, lcsh:Plant culture, Biology, Cell biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 030104 developmental biology, Gene mapping, lcsh:SB1-1110, Agronomy and Crop Science, Gene, Biotechnology
Abstract

Grain shape is one of the important agronomic traits, which is closely related to the yield of rice. A new rice mutant, named small and round grain (srg1), was isolated from an indica cultivar Zhenong 34 by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. The microscopic analysis showed that the cell length of spikelet in srg1 was decreased compared with that in wild type (WT), which caused the grain length short. Meanwhile, the grains of srg1 were wider than those of WT because of the increased cell layers in spikelet in the lateral direction. Therefore, the inhibition of cell expansion and increased cell proliferation collectively led to the small and round grain. By map-based cloning, the gene SRG1 was located on the short arm of chromosome 9, which encodes a kinesin-4 protein, represented by the gene LOC_Os09g02650. A single nucleotide polymorphism, occurred in the 16th exon of SRG1, led to premature translation stop in mutant. The cell cycle-related genes were up-regulated in srg1, which conferred that SRG1 controlled grain width through the cell proliferation. Since the role of SRG1 in regulating grain shape was not clarified well before, it is valuable to explore the mechanism of grain development. This study could, hence, provide a morphogenesis and molecular basis for elucidating the function of SRG1, as well as a new germplasm resource for the further study of grain development. Keywords: small and round grain, kinesin-4 protein, gene mapping, rice

Published
2018

32. Characterization of wavy root 1, an agravitropism allele, reveals the functions of OsPIN2in fine regulation of auxin transport and distribution and in ABA biosynthesis and response in rice (Oryza sativaL.)

Author

Li, Wenqiang, Zhang, Minjuan, Qiao, Lei, Chen, Yunbo, Zhang, Dapeng, Jing, Xiuqing, Gan, Pengfei, Huang, Yangbin, Gao, Junru, Liu, Wenting, Shi, Chunhai, Cui, Hongchang, Li, Haifeng, and Chen, Kunming

Abstract

Root system architecture is influenced by gravity. How the root senses gravity and directs its orientation, so-called gravitropism, is not only a fundamental question in plant biology but also theoretically important for genetic improvement of crop root architecture. However, the mechanism has not been elucidated in most crops. We characterized a rice agravitropism allele, wavy root 1(war1), a loss-of-function allele in OsPIN2, which encodes an auxin efflux transporter. With loss of OsPIN2function, war1leads to altered root system architecture including wavyroot, larger root distribution angle, and shallower root system due to the loss of gravitropic perception in root tips. In the war1mutant, polar auxin transport was disrupted in the root tip, leading to abnormal auxin levels and disturbed auxin transport and distribution in columella cells. Amyloplast sedimentation, an important process in gravitropic sensing, was also decreased in root tip columella cells. The results indicated that OsPIN2controls gravitropism by finely regulating auxin transport, distribution and levels, and amyloplast sedimentation in root tips. We identified a novel role of OsPIN2in regulating ABA biosynthesis and response pathways. Loss of OsPIN2function in the war1resulted in increased sensitivity to ABA in seed germination, increased ABA level, changes in ABA-associated genes in roots, and decreased drought tolerance in the seedlings. These results suggest that the auxin transporter OsPIN2not only modulates auxin transport to control root gravitropism, but also functions in ABA signaling to affect seed germination and root development, probably by mediating crosstalk between auxin and ABA pathways.

Published
2022
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36. Elimination of a Retrotransposon for Quenching Genome Instability in Modern Rice

Author

Peng, Yu, primary, Zhang, Yingying, additional, Gui, Yijie, additional, An, Dong, additional, Liu, Junzhong, additional, Xu, Xun, additional, Li, Qun, additional, Wang, Junmin, additional, Wang, Wen, additional, Shi, Chunhai, additional, Fan, Longjiang, additional, Lu, Baorong, additional, Deng, Yiwen, additional, Teng, Sheng, additional, and He, Zuhua, additional

Published
2019
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43. Impacts of Combination of Foliar Iron and Boron Application on Iron Biofortification and Nutritional Quality of Rice Grain

Author

Wu Lianghuan, Wang Minyan, Zhang Jin, Shi Chunhai, and Wu Jiangguo

Subjects
Oryza sativa, Physiology, Biofortification, chemistry.chemical_element, Biology, Boric acid, Horticulture, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Agronomy, Anthesis, Loam, Poaceae, Boron, Agronomy and Crop Science, Plant nutrition
Abstract

To increase iron (Fe) concentration in edible portions of staple food crops, an agronomic approach via foliar Fe-containing solutions might be sustainable and economical strategy; however, little information is available in the literature. So the present work was carried out to examine the effects of Fe in association with boron (B) foliar fertilization on Fe biofortification and the nutritional quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain. The work was conducted in 2006 at the research experiment station at Zhejiang University on japonica rice ‘Bing 98110’ planted on a silty loam soil in pots. The following spray treatments were performed at rice anthesis: (1) control (the deionized water spray); (2) 0.1% (w/v) FeSO4 · 7H2O; (3) 0.1% (w/v) Fe(II)-AA (Complex of 0.1% FeSO4 · 7H2O and 0.4% compound amino acids; 18.6% N); (4) 0.2% (w/v) H3BO3 (boric acid, 17.5% B); (5) combined spray of 0.1% (w/v) FeSO4 · 7H2O and 0.2% (w/v) H3BO3; (6) combined spray of 0.1% (w/v) Fe(II)-AA and 0.2% (w/v) H3BO3. Foliar ...

Published
2008

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