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As the subway system is beginning to operate interval trains in the early morning, it is necessary to discuss the first train timetable synchronization with interval trains. In this paper, with the consideration of both ordinary trains and interval trains, we study the first train timetable problem with minimum total transfer waiting time. The first train timetable model is formulated as a mixed integer programming problem and a genetic simulated annealing algorithm is developed to deal with the case study of Beijing subway network. The proposed model and the algorithm are effective in improving the performance of the first train timetable synchronization. After optimization, the total transfer waiting time and the number of long waiting time transfer directions for Beijing subway network have decreased significantly. The results indicate that operating interval trains is an effective way to solve the problem of long waiting time in early morning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vehicle platoons were recently proposed to reduce energy consumption and emissions. However, the majority of platooning studies have focused on pure connected automated vehicle (CAV) environments with limited insights into energy consumption and emissions. This paper quantifies fuel consumption and emissions by studying the microscopic movements of CAVs and human driving vehicles (HDVs) in mixed traffic flows. With an extended cellular automaton model, a four-lane mixed traffic flow of CAVs and HDVs is investigated in detail. The results have shown that ad hoc platoon formation can lead to frequent acceleration and lane changing, resulting in more fuel consumption and emission. With a dedicated CAV lane (DCL) strategy, the interference of CAVs and HDVs is greatly reduced, thereby improving the fuel economy and emission reduction. The findings can benefit the organization of vehicle platoons in the persisting mixed traffic flow environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of traffic dynamics on couple networks is important for the design and management of many real systems. In this paper, an efficient routing strategy on coupled spatial networks is proposed, considering both traffic characteristics and network topology information. With the routing strategy, the traffic capacity can be greatly improved in both scenarios of identical and heterogeneous node capacity allocation. Heterogeneous allocation strategy of node delivery capacity performs better than identical capacity allocation strategy. The study can help to improve the performance of real-world multi-modal traffic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]