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Ionic conductors, such as hydrogels, ionogels, and eutectogels, have attained considerable research interest in various advanced application scenarios. However, such ionic conductors still suffer from the restriction of inherent liquid compositions, which may leak or evaporate. Herein, inspired by the control strategy of desertification caused by soil erosion, a novel internal‐external dual enhancement design strategy, i.e., increasing the interaction between the filler itself and its matrix, is proposed to firmly embed the deep eutectic solvent (DES) into polyurethane (PU) to prevent liquid leakage, such that the prepared ionic conductive elastomers (PU‐DESs) are quasi‐solid. The PU‐DESs exhibit marvelous versatility including high stretchability, tensile strength, toughness, self‐healing efficiency, antibacterial ability, ionic conductivity, and excellent freezing tolerance. More intriguingly, benefiting from their quasi‐solid feature, PU‐DESs are endowed with long‐term environmental stability. Thanks to these superb versatile features, PU‐DESs are further successfully applied in the wearable sensor and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) for monitoring human motions and converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, breaking away from the limitations of previous most soft iontronics such as liquid leakage or evaporation and weak mechanical strength. Hence, this study establishes an effective material design strategy for various soft iontronics demanding environmental stability and durability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel nonionic hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon hybrid surfactants (Hm-Fn, where m = 10, 12, 14, 16 and n = 4, 6, respectively) were successfully synthesized using polyethylene glycol, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), short chain fluoroalkyl alcohol and alkyl alcohol as starting materials. The preparation process involves the coupling reaction of isocyanate and hydroxyl groups. The surface activity and aggregation behavior of Hm-Fn in aqueous solution were studied by surface tension, steady-state fluorescence and dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The influence of the hydrophobic (hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon) chain length on surface activity of such hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon hybrid surfactants was systematically investigated. Micromorphology analysis revealed the presence of different sizes vesicles in H16-F6 and H16-F4 aqueous solution. In addition, the hydrophobic dye solubilization experiments exhibited that H16-F6 with a relatively longer fluorocarbon chain and hydrocarbon chain possessed more outstanding solubilization of model dye (Sudan I) compared with other Hm-Fn and conventional hydrocarbon surfactants. The molar solubilization power of H16-F6 could reach 0.0537. The above results demonstrated that these nonionic hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon hybrid surfactants might possess potential application prospects for hydrophobic dyes solubilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eradication of recalcitrant bacterial biofilm infections necessitates the development of speedy diagnostics and prompt therapeutics. However, constructing a portable versatile platform that enables in situ monitoring of biofilm infections accompanied by potent antibiofilm activity remains challenging. To address this conundrum, a microneedle theranostic patch (Mn: C/G@MN) is devised by incorporating an innovative biophotonic probe (manganese‐doped carbon dots, Mn: CDs) into methacrylated gelatin for visual monitoring of biofilm infection and on‐demand photo‐therapy. The Mn: C/G@MN patch penetrates the physical barrier of biofilms to track their acidic microenvironment, exhibiting a visualized fluorescence color change (from yellow to turquoise) to enable naked‐eye monitoring of biofilm infection. Furthermore, the Mn: C/G@MN patch can drastically eradicate biofilm on‐demand through the synergy of local hyperthermia and hydroxyl radical (•OH) storm under 808 nm near‐infrared light illumination, enabling the damaging of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix to disperse biofilms and subsequently kill detached bacteria. Both in vitro and in vivo findings authenticate that biofilm infection monitoring‐and‐treating can be achieved. Moreover, the versatile Mn: C/G@MN patch is conducive to suppressing inflammatory responses, expediting collagen deposition, stimulating angiogenesis, and accelerating biofilm‐infected wound healing. As envisaged, this work highlights the potential of such a versatile platform for application in integrated theranostics for biofilm infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]