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Background: The normally acidic skin pH changes in atopic dermatitis (AD) to alkaline, which contributes to the associated skin-barrier dysfunction. Hence, acidic cleansers would be preferred, but such information is scarce. Objective: Guiding health-care providers and patients on selecting skin cleansers with a pH optimal for AD. Methods: A total of 250 products were tested: 37 soaps (32 bars, 5 liquid) and 213 syndets (14 bars, 199 liquid); 10% solutions were tested for pH by using a pH meter; pH values 6.65–7.35 were considered neutral. Results: The pH of the tested skin cleansers varied widely (3.59–10.83). All 37 soaps were highly alkaline. In the 14 syndet bars, the pH was neutral in 6, alkaline in 8, and acidic in none. In the 199 syndet liquids, the pH was acidic in 84.9%, neutral in 11.1%, and alkaline in 4.0%. The product’s pH was disclosed in none of the 37 soaps and in only 32 syndets (15%), of which 9 bars were labeled “balanced,” whose measured pH was neutral in 6 and alkaline in 3. Of the other 23 syndets, the labeled pH was referred to as “balanced” in 20 whose measured pH was neutral in 2 (6.80, 6.88) and acidic in 18 (3.59–6.59). The pH in the other three syndets was 4.25–6.00. Conclusion: All tested soaps had undesirable pH, whereas 84.9% of the liquid syndets were acidic (which is desirable) and 11.1% were neutral (which could be acceptable). Only 12.8% of the products disclosed the pH, an issue in need of improvement [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El ancho del pedículo vascular (en ingles, Vascular pedical width o VPW), una medida conseguida de un radiografía de tórax (en ingles Chest radiograph o CR), se supone ser un indicador del volumen sanguíneo circulante. Hasta la fecha, sólo hay unos cuantos estudios que demuestra una correlación entre una VPW alta y la sobrecarga de volumen, y cada utiliza losvalores diferentes de VPW y las técnicas diferentes de CR. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar una medida del medio VPW de CRs en las posiciones erectas y decúbito supinos, y determinar si el VPW correlaciona con la sobrecarga de volumen.Métodos: Se busca electrónicamente en MEDLINE base de datos, Web of Science, y la Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials para los artículos relevantes. Se busca manualmente las referencias de las publicaciones originales y resúmenes de las publicaciones para mas artículos relevantes. Dos Investigadores examinaron por separado los artículos relevantes para los criterios de inclusión y la extracción de datos. Se calcula el medio VPW de las CRs en las posiciones erectas y decúbito supino, y su correlación con la sobrecarga de volumen.Resultados: Se incluyen los datos de 8 estudios con un total de 363 SUBJECTS, y se resulta en una medida del medio VPW de 71mm (intervalo de confianza al 95% [IC] 64.9-77.3) para CRs en decúbito supino, y 62mm (95% IC 0.72-0.87) para CRs erectas. Las coeficientes de correlaciones para la sobrecarga de volumen y VPW fueron 0.81 (95% IC 0.74-0.86) para ambas técnicas de CR y 0.81 (IC 95% 0.72-0.87) para CR en decúbito supino y 0.80 (95% IC 0.69-0.87) para CRs erectas.Conclusión: Hay una correlación clínica y estadística entre VPW y la sobrecarga de volumen. Se puede usar el VPW para evaluar el estatus del volumen en un paciente a pesar de la técnica de CRusada. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(4):426–432.]

Introduction: Vascular pedicle width (VPW), a measurement obtained from a chest radiograph (CR), is thought to be an indicator of circulating blood volume. To date there are only a handful of studies that demonstrate a correlation between high VPW and volume overload, each utilizing different VPW values and CR techniques. Our objective was to determine a mean VPW measurement from erect and supine CRs and to determine whether VPW correlates with volume overload.Methods: MEDLINE database, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched electronically for relevant articles. References from the original and review publications selected electronically were manually searched for additional relevant articles. Two investigators independently reviewed relevant articles for inclusion criteria and data extraction. MeanVPW measurements from both supine and erect CRs and their correlation with volume overload were calculated.Results: Data from 8 studies with a total of 363 subjects were included, resulting in mean VPWmeasurements of 71 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] 64.9–77.3) and 62 mm (95% CI 49.3–75.1) for supine and erect CRs, respectively. The correlation coefficients for volume overload and VPW were 0.81 (95% CI 0.74–0.86) for both CR techniques and 0.81 (95% CI 0.72–0.87) for supine CR and 0.80 (95% CI 0.69–0.87) for erect CR, respectively.Conclusion: There is a clinical and statistical correlation between VPW and volume overload. VPW may be used to evaluate the volume status of a patient regardless of the CR technique used. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(4):426–432.]