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This study uses TiO2 nanomaterials with three different morphologies and carbon nanotubes to fabricate three layers of films for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) photoelectrodes. The three layers of films with different TiO2 morphologies include highly-ordered TiO2 nanotubes, titania nanotubes after calcinations at 550 °C and TiO2 nanoparticle-modified single-wall carbon nanotubes. The study compares the electron transfer performance of the prepared DSSCs are assembled by single-layer, double-layer and triple-layer films of photoanodes. After three different photoanodes are soaked in N719 dye and assembled in DSSCs, their open-loop voltage recession, electrochemical impedance, lifetime, life cycle and effective diffusion coefficient are measured. Electron transfer efficiency of photoanodes and light harvesting efficiency are further analyzed. Results show that the DSSCs prepared by three layers of photoelectrodes films have short-circuit photocurrent density 16.5 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage 0.835, and photoelectric conversion efficiency being as high as 8.52%. Furthermore, the electron transfer efficiency, lifetime, life cycle and effective diffusion coefficient of DSSCs assembled by triple-layer photoanodes are better than those of single-layer or double-layer photoanodes.

This study uses TiO2 nanoparticles and highly ordered anatase TiO2 nanotubes (AOTnt) as thin film photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). DSSCs are assembled by single-layer and double-layer films of photoanodes and their electron transfer performance is compared. TiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by the sol-gel method, and AOTnts were grown on titanium foil. This study uses TiO2 nanoparticles or AOTnts to prepare single-layer photoanodes and TiO2 nanoparticles coated on an AOTnt film to fabricate double-layer photoanodes. These three different photoanodes are soaked in dye and assembled into DSSCs, and their open-loop voltage recession, electrochemical impedance, lifetime, life cycle, and effective diffusion coefficient are measured. Electron transfer efficiency of the photoanodes and light harvesting efficiency are further analyzed. The results show that the electron transfer efficiency, open-loop voltage recession, lifetime, life cycle, and effective diffusion coefficient of the DSSCs assembled using double-layer photoanodes (AOTnt-TiO2) are superior to those of single-layer photoanodes (TiO2 or AOTnt).

This study uses TiO2 nanoparticles and highly ordered anatase TiO2 nanotubes (AOTnt) as thin film photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). DSSCs are assembled by single-layer and double-layer films of photoanodes and their electron transfer performance is compared. TiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by the sol-gel method, and AOTnts were grown on titanium foil. This study uses TiO2 nanoparticles or AOTnts to prepare single-layer photoanodes and TiO2 nanoparticles coated on an AOTnt film to fabricate double-layer photoanodes. These three different photoanodes are soaked in dye and assembled into DSSCs, and their open-loop voltage recession, electrochemical impedance, lifetime, life cycle, and effective diffusion coefficient are measured. Electron transfer efficiency of the photoanodes and light harvesting efficiency are further analyzed. The results show that the electron transfer efficiency, open-loop voltage recession, lifetime, life cycle, and effective diffusion coefficient of the DSSCs assembled using double-layer photoanodes (AOTnt-TiO2) are superior to those of single-layer photoanodes (TiO2 or AOTnt).