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Objective Metro vehicle interior noise affects passenger comfort, with the air-conditioning system causing an undeniable impact. Therefore, it is necessary to study related issues to improve passenger’s riding experience. Method Using the SEA (statistical energy analysis) method, a simulation model for metro vehicle interior noise is established, and simulated calculations are performed based on field-measured sound source data from air-conditioning units. The impact of air-conditioning units on interior noise and optimization methods are investigated. Result & Conclusion The results indicate that under static conditions, air-conditioning noise has the greatest impact on vehicle interior noise. Under operating conditions, due to the influence of traction system noise on the trailer cars, the impact of air-conditioning system on interior noise in trailer cars is greater than in motor cars. As metro operating speed increases, wheel-rail noise becomes the main component, reducing the impact of air-conditioning on interior noise. The air-conditioning system mainly affects interior noise in the mid-to-low frequency range below 400 Hz, while frequency components above 400 Hz are primarily caused by wheel-rail noise and traction system noise. Since the air supply outlet of metro vehicle air-conditioning system contributes significantly to interior noise, optimizing the air supply outlet can significantly reduce interior noise levels.

The goaf roadways have problems of high surrounding rock stress and large deformation under the conditions of hard roof and wide coal pillars in thick coal seams. In order to solve the above problems, this paper takes the 16403 fully mechanized mining face of Laoshidan Coal Mine as the engineering research background. The paper theoretically analyzes the influencing factors of large deformation of goaf roadways from the perspective of lateral fracture structure of wide coal pillar roof. The numerical simulation method is used to study the implementation of different roof cutting and pressure relief schemes for 16402 transportation roadway. The stress transmission law of the lateral roof of the 16403 return airway near the goaf during mining is studied. The hydraulic fracturing drilling is carried out on site for roof cutting and pressure relief to achieve deformation control of the surrounding rock of the goaf roadway. The research results indicate that the fracture structure of 'cantilever beam in low hard rock layer+masonry beam in high hard rock layer' is the main reason for the large deformation of the wide coal pillar in the goaf roadway of the extra thick coal seam. The roof cutting and pressure relief technology can be used to destroy the lateral fracture structure of the wide coal pillar roof to control the large deformation of the surrounding rock in the goaf roadway. The change in roof cutting angle can cause a change in the length of key block B. The larger the roof cutting angle, the smaller the length of key block B. The degree of load transfer from the lateral roof of the goaf side to the coal pillar is weaker, and the mining stress borne by the surrounding rock of the goaf roadway is smaller. When the roof cutting angle is 100°, the vertical stress and deformation of the surrounding rock of the goaf roadway are the smallest. After hydraulic fracturing drilling is carried out at a roof cutting angle of 100° in the 16402 transportation roadway, the deformation of the roof and floor of the 16403 return air roadway is reduced by 86.5% compared to the 16402 return air roadway without roof cutting pressure relief. The deformation of the two sides is reduced by 87.1%. The stability of the surrounding rock of the goaf roadway is greatly improved.

Insulin resistance (IR) is fundamental to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and altered mitochondrial function and abnormal lipid distribution are closely associated with IR or T2D. Excess oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial damage leads to an imbalance in redox homeostasis, which is considered the major contributor to the progression of diabetes. A key cellular defense mechanism, namely, the nuclear factor-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway, plays an essential protective role in combating excess oxidative stress. A series of phytochemicals are reported to improve IR and restore mitochondrial function against excess oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway to maintain cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. The present review focuses on key knowledge gaps in the Nrf2-ARE system targeted by phytochemicals and its correlation to diabetes both in the in vitro and in vivo models and recent achievements in human clinical trials to evaluate its efficiency and safety. In addition, we provide an overview of recent research progress in nutrigenomics, precision nutrition and the interactions occurring in gut microbiota associated with the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway and diabetes chemoprevention by phytochemicals and finally propose a future research strategy for regulating redox and microbiota balance via the Nrf2-ARE pathway. The present review aims to help us comprehensively understand the critical chemopreventive role of the Nrf2-ARE pathway targeted by phytochemicals in diabetes.

At present, there is a lack of reliable prediction index for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), which poses a great threat to the lives of patients with epilepsy. With the deepening of research, it has been found that postictal generalized electroencephalography suppression (PGES) occurs in EEG monitoring after seizure, especially generalized tonic⁃clonic seizure (GTCS). Since then, PGES has attracted much attention as a possible EEG marker of SUDEP. Combined with the study of the pathophysiological mechanism, related factors of PGES phenomenon, and this paper further analyzes the relationship between the occurrence of PGES and SUDEP.

Abstract Trichinella spiralis is an important foodborne parasitic nematode distributed worldwide that infects humans and animals. Glutaminase (GLS) is an important gene in the glutamine-dependent acid resistance (AR) system; however, its role in T. spiralis muscle larvae (ML) remains unclear. The present study aimed to characterize T. spiralis GLS (TsGLS) and assess its function in T. spiralis ML AR both in vitro and in vivo using RNA interference. The results indicated that native TsGLS (72 kDa) was recognized by anti-rTsGLS serum at the muscle larvae stage; moreover, an immunofluorescence assay confirmed that TsGLS was located in the epidermis of ML. After silencing the TsGLS gene, the relative expression of TsGLS mRNA and the survival rate of T. spiralis ML were reduced by 60.11% and 16.55%, respectively, compared to those in the PBS and control groups. In vivo AR assays revealed that the worm numbers at 7 and 35 days post-infection (dpi) decreased by 61.64% and 66.71%, respectively, compared to those in the PBS group. The relative expression of TsGLS mRNA in F1 generation T. spiralis ML was reduced by 42.52%, compared to that in the PBS group. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the presence of the glutamine-dependent AR system in T. spiralis. Our results indicate that TsGLS plays a crucial role in the T. spiralis AR system; thus, it could be used as a potential candidate target molecule for producing vaccines against T. spiralis infection.

Peanut protein is easily digested and absorbed by the human body, and peanut tofu does not contain flatulence factors and beany flour. However, at present, there is no industrial preparation process of peanut tofu, whereas the quality of tofu prepared by different peanut varieties is quite different. This study established an industrial feasible production process of peanut tofu and optimized the key process that regulates its quality. Compared with the existing method, the production time is reduced by 53.80%, therefore the daily production output is increased by 183.33%. The chemical properties of 26 peanut varieties and the quality characteristics of tofu prepared from these 26 varieties were determined. The peanut varieties were classified based on the quality characteristics of tofu using the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) method, out of which 7 varieties were screened out which were suitable for preparing peanut tofu. An evaluation standard was founded based on peanut tofu qualities. Six chemical trait indexes were correlated with peanut tofu qualities (P

The improved delayed detached eddy simulation is adopted in the present study to investigate the influence of the train length on its aerodynamic performance. The low y+ wall treatment and the cubic constitutive relation are adopted to resolve the viscous flows and model the anisotropic turbulence within the boundary layer. The analysis implied that the distribution region and intensity of velocity fluctuation are strengthened, resulting in a larger turbulence kinetic energy distribution and a higher boundary layer thickness as the train length increases. A reduction in the streamwise velocity and the negative pressure with the increasing train length on the tail train is observed, resulting in lower drag and lift coefficients. As the length of the train increases, both the mean and instantaneous slipstream velocities are increased. The boundary layer thickness and the skin friction coefficient are compared with flat plate theory, reduced-scale, and full-scale experiments, proving the ability of numerical simulation to model the boundary layer velocity profile and skin friction coefficient distribution correctly. The wake structures are identified by the Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition method, the dominant mode frequency decreases, and the wavelength becomes larger as the length of the train becomes longer due to the thickening boundary layer.

Graphs have been widely used to model the complex relationships among entities. Community search is a fundamental problem in graph analysis. It aims to identify cohesive subgraphs or communities that contain the given query vertices. In social networks, a user is usually associated with a weight denoting its influence. Recently, some research is conducted to detect influential communities. However, there is a lack of research that can support personalized requirement. In this study, we propose a novel problem, named personalized influential k-ECC (PIKE) search, which leverages the k-ECC model to measure the cohesiveness of subgraphs and tries to find the influential community for a set of query vertices. To solve the problem, a baseline method is first proposed. To scale for large networks, a dichotomy-based algorithm is developed. To further speed up the computation and meet the online requirement, we develop an index-based algorithm. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on 6 real-world social networks to evaluate the performance of proposed techniques. Compared with the baseline method, the index-based approach can achieve up to 7 orders of magnitude speedup.

Quercetin is a flavonoid that has been shown to have health-promoting capacities due to its potent antioxidant activity. However, the effect of chronic intake of quercetin on the gut microbiome and diabetes-related biomarkers remains unclear. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed HF or HF supplemented with 0.05% quercetin (HFQ) for 6 weeks. Diabetes-related biomarkers in blood were determined in mice fed high-fat (HF) diets supplemented with quercetin. Mice fed the HFQ diet gained less body, liver, and adipose weight, while liver lipid and blood glucose levels were also lowered. Diabetes-related plasma biomarkers insulin, leptin, resistin, and glucagon were significantly reduced by quercetin supplementation. In feces, quercetin supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. The expression of genes Srebf1, Ppara, Cyp51, Scd1, and Fasn was downregulated by quercetin supplementation. These results indicated that diabetes biomarkers are associated with early metabolic changes accompanying obesity, and quercetin may ameliorate insulin resistance.

Colored common beans are associated with health promoting and chronic disease prevention effects. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat (HF) diets supplemented with cooked black turtle beans (HFB) to prevent obesity related insulin resistance. Mice on both HF and HFB were obese compared to mice fed a low-fat (LF) diet. Plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride concentrations of mice fed HFB diet were 28% and 36.6% lower than those on HF diet. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index of mice fed HFB diet was 87% lower than that of mice fed HF diet. Diabetes related biomarkers, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), leptin, glucagon, and inflammatory cytokines interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-5, 10 and 12, IFN-g and TNF-α were significantly affected by HFB diet. Pparα, Cyp7a1 and Fasn were down-regulated by HFB diet while LDL-R, Srebp-2, Adipoq and Slc2a4 were up-regulated by HFB diet. The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) was also decreased 64.1% by HFB diet compared to HF diet. The results indicated that cooked black turtle bean consumption could ameliorate insulin resistance and lower plasma LDL in mice fed HF diet through glucose signaling pathway and JNK/c-Jun pathway. Meanwhile, cooked black turtle bean consumption restored the gut microbiome.

In view of particularity of coal mining and key problems of trajectory tracking, dynamic monitoring, distribution of heat map analysis, emergency rescue, interest points label in mining process of team management, a mining team management system based on GIS was designed. The system takes GIS, mobile Internet communication technology, RFID and wireless monitoring technology as main technical means, and realizes functions such as intelligent management in underground and on ground, data analysis visualization of team management, real-time dynamic for members distribution and instant communication between members combining with attribute data and geographic space information.

Peanuts contain four major allergens with differences in allergenic potency. Thermal processing can influence the allergenic properties of peanuts. Until now, a kinetic model has not been reported to assess the changes of soluble allergen (extracted from processed peanuts) content as affected by various thermal processing methods. Our objective is to characterize the reaction kinetics of the thermal processing methods, including wet processing (boiling with/without high-pressure, steaming with/without high-pressure), deep-frying and dry processing (microwaving and roasting) using five time intervals. The relationships between processing time and extractable major allergen content could be explained by a simple linear regression kinetic model (except high-pressure steaming). Among all the methods with optimal processing point, frying for 6 min had a relatively lower IgE binding (linear epitopes) ratio, possibly due to the processing conditions, which caused break down, cross-linking and aggregation of Ara h 2, and a relatively lower solubility. Keywords: Peanut allergen, Thermal processing, Proximate analysis, Protein denaturation, Kinetic analysis, Water-soluble protein, SDS-sample-buffer-soluble protein, IgE-binding properties

The attractiveness of cultural & creative products on spreading and “recurring” regional culture is the key to the shaping of urban culture. In this paper, starting from the differences of regional cultural contexts, we discussed the explicit culture and implied culture in cultural symbols and put forward new ideas on regional cultural context reconstruction and symbol condensation and conversion. The symbolic design of cultural & creative products in the cultural context of Spring Festival education in Xi’an was taken as an example here, and the method proposed herein was further clarified through cultural context reconstruction of “Yanta Praying” activity and symbolic design of educational & cultural products.