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Objective The purpose of this article is to investigate the analgesic effect of flurbiprofen ester injection continuous intravenous drip in transvaginal 4-dimensional hysterosalpingography (TVS 4D-HyCoSy). Methods Two hundred thirty patients who underwent TVS 4D-HyCoSy for infertility from May 2018 to August 2021 at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, were selected. They were grouped according to tubal patency, flurbiprofen ester use, and uterine cannula diameter, i.e., bilateral tubal patency group and nonbilateral tubal patency group, atropine group and atropine + flurbiprofen ester group, and coarse tube group and fine tube group, to compare the analgesic effect during TVS 4D-HyCoSy, pain relief effect between groups, record the incidence of adverse effects, and analyze the factors related to the influence of pain. Results 1. The atropine + flurbiprofen ester group had significantly fewer adverse effects in the former patients compared with the atropine group; 2. Flurbiprofen ester continuous intravenous infusion was effective for analgesia after ultrasound tubal contrast. Flurbiprofen ester continuous intravenous infusion was effective in relieving pain within 30 minutes after imaging regardless of the patency of the fallopian tubes; 3. The addition of flurbiprofen ester significantly relieved pain in the fine tube group in those with bilateral patency of the fallopian tubes and in the thick tube group and fine tube group in those with nonbilateral patency of the fallopian tubes; 4. Multifactorial analysis of pain relief during imaging suggested that the use of flurbiprofen for bilateral tubal patency had a significant positive effect on pain relief within 30 minutes after the examination, AUC 0.732; 95% CI: 0.665-0.798. Conclusion Bilateral tubal patency and flurbiprofen will have a significant positive effect on pain relief. The analgesic effect of flurbiprofen ester injection with continuous drip started before TVS 4D-HyCoSy was good, and the pain relief effect was significant within 30 minutes after examination with few adverse effects, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

The effects of BaCl2 on the flotation of K-feldspar using dodecyl amine chloride as the collector under natural pH were investigated by flotation tests, absorption measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that lower BaCl2 concentration can increase the floatability of K-feldspar, whereas higher BaCl2 concentration can significantly inhibit the flotation of K-feldspar. Peaks at 3548.18, 3475.56 and 3414.35 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra of K-feldspar adsorbed by dodecyl amine chloride revealed three forms of —OH. XPS analyses of K-feldspar adsorbed by Ba2+ showed that the concentration of K atom was reduced by nearly twice as those of Si, Al, and O. The activation of BaCl2 at a low concentration was mainly caused by Ba2+ in the form of the ion exchange between K+ and Ba2+. The inhibitory action of BaCl2 at a high concentration is mainly attributed to the physical absorption of Ba2+ on the surface of K-feldspar and the fact that a high concentration of Cl− causes the chemical equilibrium of dodecyl amine chloride to be changed, and the dodecyl amine chloride in the form of RNH2H+ is reduced.

Objective To observe the molecular mechanism of Bushen Quban Granule (BQG) for inhibiting the synthesis of intracellular melanin. Methods Twenty SPF grade female SD rats were di- vided into four groups by completely randomized method, i.e., the control group (fed with normal saline) , high, middle, and low dose BQG groups (administered with BQG at 4. 8, 2. 4, 1. 2 g/kg by gastrogavage, equivalent to 24, 12, and 6 times clinical doses, respectively, twice per day for 3 days in total) , 5 in each group. Drug containing serum was collected. Expressions of melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1 R) , mi- crophthalmia-associated transcription factor ( MITF) , tyrosinase ( TYP) , tyrosinase-related protein I (TYRP1) , and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TYRP2) at the mRNA level were detected by RT-PCR. Ex- pressions of phosphorylated-extracellular regulated MAP kinasel/2 (p-ERK) , TYP, TYRP1 and TYRP2 at the protein level were detected by Western blot. Intracellular melanin contents were determined by NaOH dissolving method. Activities of tyrosinase were determined by Dopa pigment method, and the cell viability was detected by MTT. Results Compared with the control group, expressions of MC1R, MITF, TYP, TYRP1 and TYRP2 at the mRNA level were down-regulated (P0. 05), and those of TYP, TYRP1 and TYRP2 at the protein level were also down-regulated (P0. 05), intracellular contents of melanin and the activity of tyrosinase decreased (P0. 05) , but the level of p-ERK and the proliferation of cells increased in each medicated group (P0. 05). When ERK was inhibited by its inhibitor PD98059, there was no sta- tistical difference in expressions of MC1 R or MITF at the mRNA level among all medicated groups (P0. 05). Compared with the control group, mRNA expressions of TYP, TYRP1 and TYRP2 decreased in the high dose BQG group (P0. 05), but with no significant difference in protein expressions of p-ERK, TYP, TYRP1 and TYRP2 (P0. 05). There was no statistical difference in the content of melanin, the activity of TYP, or the proliferation of cells between the control group and the high dose BQG group (P0. 05). Con- clusion BQG could inhibit the synthesis of intracellular melanin through up-regulating p-ERK to inhibit the expression of tyrosinase and its related proteins.

Based on the 7th forestry inventory data of Shandong Province, this paper estimated the carbon storage and carbon density of forest stands, and analyzed their distribution characteristics according to dominant tree species, age groups and forest category using the volume-derived biomass method and average-biomass method. In 2007, the total carbon storage of the forest stands was 25. 27 Tg, of which the coniferous forests, mixed conifer broad-leaved forests, and broad-leaved forests accounted for 8.6%, 2.0% and 89.4%, respectively. The carbon storage of forest age groups followed the sequence of young forestsmiddle-aged forestsmature forestsnear-mature forestsover-mature forests. The carbon storage of young forests and middle-aged forests accounted for 69.3% of the total carbon storage. Timber forest, non-timber product forest and protection forests accounted for 37.1%, 36.3% and 24.8% of the total carbon storage, respectively. The average carbon density of forest stands in Shandong Province was 10.59 t x hm(-2), which was lower than the national average level. This phenomenon was attributed to the imperfect structure of forest types and age groups, i. e., the notably higher percentage of timber forests and non-timber product forest and the excessively higher percentage of young forests and middle-aged forest than mature forests.

Our aim was to study the role of AK000953 silencing for the killing effect of danazol on uterine fibroids.Quantitative PCR was applied to identify differential expression of AK000953 in uterine fibroid tissue and normal uterine tissue. Then we isolated and cultured uterine fibroid cells, designed the siRNA of AK000953 to silence its expression in uterine fibroid cells, and detected the treatment effect of danazol and AK000953 siRNA on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell invasion. Finally, guinea pig model of uterine fibroids was constructed to verify the effect of AK000953 silencing on uterine fibroid treatment with danazol in vivo.Quantitative PCR showed that the AK000953 gene was highly expressed in uterine fibroid tissue compared with normal uterine tissue (2.1 ± 0.15 vs. 0.8 ± 0.05, p0.01). After AK000953 silencing in uterine fibroid cells, we discovered that the inhibition rate in danazol-siRNA group was 56 ± 5 %, the cell apoptosis rate of danazol-siRNA group was 43 ± 2.3 %, and the invasion rate of uterine fibroid cells was 12 ± 1 %, which all showed significant differences with the control group or danazol group. Guinea pig model confirmed that the treatment of danazol and AK000953 siRNA effectively inhibited the development of fibroids in vivo.AK000953 silencing could effectively enhance the killing effect of danazol on uterine fibroid cells.

The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and explore its clinical significance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. The expression of GDF15 in EOC tissues and serum samples was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The association of GDF15 expression with clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Survival time was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier technique and Cox regression model. Both in EOC tissues and serum, high GDF15 levels were obviously related with advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, lymph node metastasis, ascites, and chemoresistance. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that EOC patients with high GDF15 expression showed poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that GDF15 expression was an independent predictor of PFS in EOC patients. Our study shows that elevated GDF15 expression was associated with poor prognosis in EOC patients. We suggest that GDF15 is a novel biomarker for the early detection of EOC, prediction of the response to chemotherapy, and screening for recurrence in EOC patients.

Based on the RUSLE model, this paper analyzed the ecosystem's soil conservation function and its spatial distribution in Lancang River Basin. This Basin could be one of the regions having the highest ecosystem' s soil conservation capability in China, with an annual ecosystem's soil conservation amount being 2.36 x 10(10) t x a(-1) and the soil conservation amount per unit area being 1453.72 t x a(-1) per hectare. The total amounts of the N, P, and K conserved in soils were 5.74 x 10(7), 3.07 x 10(7), and 3.75 x 10(8) t x a(-1), respectively, and presented an increasing trend from upstream to downstream. Among the ecosystems in the Basin, forest ecosystem had the highest soil conservation capability, followed by grassland and farmland, while desert ecosystem had the lowest one. The soil conservation capability of the ecosystems was linearly increased with the increase of vegetation coverage. Averagely, a 10% increment in the vegetation coverage could result in a 35.3% increment in soil conservation capability. To rationally increase the vegetation coverage by reliable ecosystem management based on local conditions would make good effect in preventing soil erosion and maintaining soil nutrients in the Basin.