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ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic efficacy of the clinical ultrasound imaging model, ultrasonographic radiomics model, and comprehensive model based on ultrasonographic radiomics for the differentiation of small clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) and Renal Angiomyolipoma (RAML).MethodsThe clinical, ultrasound, and contrast-enhanced CT(CECT) imaging data of 302 small renal tumors (maximum diameter ≤ 4cm) patients in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from June 2018 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, with 182 patients of ccRCC and 120 patients of RAML. The ultrasound images of the largest diameter of renal tumors were manually segmented by ITK-SNAP software, and Pyradiomics (v3.0.1) module in Python 3.8.7 was applied to extract ultrasonographic radiomics features from ROI segmented images. The patients were randomly divided into training and internal validation cohorts in the ratio of 7:3. The Random Forest algorithm of the Sklearn module was applied to construct the clinical ultrasound imaging model, ultrasonographic radiomics model, and comprehensive model. The efficacy of the prediction models was verified in an independent external validation cohort consisting of 69 patients, from 230 small renal tumor patients in two different institutions. The Delong test compared the predictive ability of three models and CECT. Calibration Curve and clinical Decision Curve Analysis were applied to evaluate the model and determine the net benefit to patients.Results491 ultrasonographic radiomics features were extracted from 302 small renal tumor patients, and 9 ultrasonographic radiomics features were finally retained for modeling after regression and dimensionality reduction. In the internal validation cohort, the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the clinical ultrasound imaging model, ultrasonographic radiomics model, comprehensive model, and CECT were 0.75, 76.7%, 60.0%, 70.0%; 0.80, 85.6%, 61.7%, 76.0%; 0.88, 90.6%, 76.7%, 85.0% and 0.90, 92.6%, 88.9%, 91.1%, respectively. In the external validation cohort, AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the three models and CECT were 0.73, 67.5%, 69.1%, 68.3%; 0.89, 86.7%, 80.0%, 83.5%; 0.90, 85.0%, 85.5%, 85.2% and 0.91, 94.6%, 88.3%, 91.3%, respectively. The DeLong test showed no significant difference between the clinical ultrasound imaging model and the ultrasonographic radiomics model (Z=-1.287, P=0.198). The comprehensive model showed superior diagnostic performance than the ultrasonographic radiomics model (Z=4. 394, P

Abstract Background Ureteric stricture is a common and salvaging complications after renal transplantation. Two treatment methods are usually used, retrograde ureteral stent placement and percutaneous nephrostomy. The former has a higher failure rate, the latter has a great risk. Therefore, a safe and reliable treatment is needed. Case presentation A technique of retrograde insertion of ureteral stent was established, which was applicable in three transplant recipients with post-transplant ureteral stenosis, and the data was retrospectively recorded. The patients are 2 men and 1 woman, ages 44, 27 and 32 years. These patients underwent a total of five times of retrograde insertion of ureteral stent between 2018 and 2019. None of these patients had any postoperative complication, but all patients had complete recovery from oliguric status within two weeks. Conclusions The retrograde ureteric stent insertion by percutaneous suprapubic access to the bladder (RUS-PSAB) was demonstrated feasibility and safety in a case series with short-term follow-up. However, larger prospective studies are needed.

This paper presents a novel video enhancement system based on an adaptive spatio-temporal connective (ASTC) noise filter and an adaptive piecewise mapping function (APMF). For ill-exposed videos or those with much noise, we first introduce a novel local image statistic to identify impulse noise pixels, and then incorporate it into the classical bilateral filter to form ASTC, aiming to reduce the mixture of the most two common types of noises—Gaussian and impulse noises in spatial and temporal directions. After noise removal, we enhance the video contrast with APMF based on the statistical information of frame segmentation results. The experiment results demonstrate that, for diverse low-quality videos corrupted by mixed noise, underexposure, overexposure, or any mixture of the above, the proposed system can automatically produce satisfactory results.

The extraction of coalbed methane can ensure the safe production of coal mines and the efficient use of resources. According to the anisotropy of coal seam, CT spiral scanning and triaxial gas seepage tests are carried out, the seepage characteristics of orthotropic coal are analyzed, and a coal permeability model considering orthotropic structure is proposed. Results show that: The permeability of parallel bedding direction changes obviously with axial pressure. The confining pressure is 5 MPa, the permeability in the parallel bedding direction is about 1.6 times that of the vertical bedding, and the confining pressure is 13 MPa, the permeability in the parallel bedding direction is about 1.01 times that of the vertical bedding. The coal permeability model with anisotropic structure is verified by the experiment data in both parallel and vertical bedding directions, and shows great applicability. Research results provide references for the efficient development of coalbed methane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]