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To explore clinical effects of fibular osteotomy and distal tibiofibular joint fusion for chronic valgus Pilon fracture malunion.From January 2014 to January 2017, 8 patients with chronic valgus Pilon fracture malunion were treated, including 7 males and 1 female, aged from 20 to 47 years old, 6 patients on the left side and 2 patients on the right side; according to Rüedi-Allgöwer classification, 1 case was typeⅠ, 3 cases were typeⅡand 4 cases were type Ⅲ; the time from injury to admission ranged from 7 to 21 months. All deformities were evaluated individually based on pre-operatively weight bearing X-ray and 3D CT scan, and 3D printing model was also used for preliminary surgery. Weight-bearing X-ray showed posterior subluxation of ankle joint in 5 cases. There were 5 cases of fibular fracture at primary injury, and 2 cases of fibular fracture malunion. Fibular osteotomy and distal tibiofibular syndesmosis fusion strategy was performed to reduce articular surface congruency and correct lower limb alignment. Postoperative complication, fracture healing time and reduction were regularly recorded. Clinical function was evaluated according to American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) at 1 year after operation.All patients were followed up from 12 to 30 months. All incisions were primarily healed. No infection, neurovascular injuries or implant failure, lost of reduction occurred. Fracture healing time ranged from 13 to 19 weeks with good lower limb alignment. AOFAS score at 1 year after operation was 63 to 90 points, 1 patient got excellent result, 4 good and 3 fair. Seven patients returned to work at 6 to 14 months after opertaion.For chronic valgus Pilon fractures malunion, fibular osteotomy and distal tibiofibular syndesmosis fusion could effectively restore congruency and alignment, correct lower limb alignment, improve ankle joint function, reduce occurrence of complication, and receive short term clinical effects.

Based on the current teaching situation of Basic Physics, a series of practices and explorations with learning-research combination have been carried out. There are two kinds of subject competitions related with this course, the National College Students' Physics Competition and the Physics Innovation Competition of Shandong Province. Conducted by these two competitions and based on participating projects, the students are exercised from two aspects of theoretical applications and practical operations. Both study and research of students are leading by these competitions. In this process, students are guided to connect physical knowledge learning with practical application, thus realizing the combination of learning and research. By the leading effects of outstanding students in these activities, the normal students' enthusiasm for participation is stimulated. Therefore, the goal of cultivating students' innovative spirit is achieved. These teaching practices and explorations have obtained good results.

With the rapid development of Internet technology, especially the extensive establishment of campus network, the digital learning of a certain course based on information technology is of great significance to the teaching of the new era. Taking the quality course construction of electrodynamics of Shandong Province as an example, we discuss the course website design ideas, experience and techniques, which may have some reference values for the similar main courses of science and engineering.

According to the plasma sintering process and our theoretical calculation, we analyzed the heating mechanism of spark plasma sintering (SPS). It is proposed that the sintering temperature of conductive materials rises faster mainly due to the contribution of the direct current (DC) component in pulse current, current skin effect and eddy current in the mould and blank, Joule's heat generated by eddy current in grains, small heat capacity of the heated system and direct-contact heating. For non-conductive materials, the similar reasons can be found except for the heat effect of eddy current. By analyzing the heating mechanism of SPS, it is concluded that the temperature on the surface of a conductive green body should be higher than that on the inner surface of the die, whereas the opposite case holds for a non-conductive blank, that has already been verified by Nagae et al. [Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 44 (1997) 945–950] and by Sumi et al. [Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 45 (1998) 153–157].

A new method of quantizing the mesoscopic RLC circuit is proposed, i.e., such a circuit can be equivalent to a changing mass simple harmonic oscillator. By virtue of the thermal entangled state representation and the generalized Hellmann-Feynman Theorem, the thermal effect for the system is investigated.

Using a new kind of sintering technique, i.e. repetitious-hot-pressing technique, Al 2 O 3 /Ti(C 0.3 N 0.7 ) cutting tool material was fabricated successfully. This composite has good mechanical properties (Flexural strength 820 MPa, Fracture toughness 7.4 Mpa m 1/2 , Vickers Hardness 20.4 GPa), especially high fracture toughness compared with other Al 2 O 3 -based ceramics. Comparison of the cutting performance of Al 2 O 3 /Ti(C 0.3 N 0.7 ) inserts with those of other two kinds of commercial cutting tool inserts (Brands: SG-4 and LT55) showed that this cutting tool material is suitable for continuously cutting of cast iron, hardened steel, especially intermittent cutting hardened steel.