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1. Early systemic insults following severe sepsis-associated encephalopathy of critically ill patients: association with mortality and awakening—an analysis of the OUTCOMEREA database

Author: Michael Thy, Romain Sonneville, Stéphane Ruckly, Bruno Mourvillier, Carole Schwebel, Yves Cohen, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Shidasp Siami, Cédric Bruel, Jean Reignier, Elie Azoulay, Laurent Argaud, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Virginie Laurent, Claire Dupuis, Julien Poujade, Lila Bouadma, Etienne de Montmollin, Jean-François Timsit, and on the behalf of the OUTCOME R. E. A. network
Subjects: Critical care, Secondary brain injury, Early systemic insults, Sepsis, Encephalopathy, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Background Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) may be worsened by early systemic insults. We aimed to investigate the association of early systemic insults with outcomes of critically ill patients with severe SAE. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis using data from the French OUTCOMEREA prospective multicenter database. We included patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) for at least 48 h with severe SAE (defined by a score on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 13 and severe sepsis or septic shock (SEPSIS 2.0 criteria)) requiring invasive ventilation and who had no primary brain injury. We analyzed early systemic insults (abnormal glycemia ( 200 mmHg), carbon dioxide abnormalities ( 13. Results We included 995 patients with severe SAE, of whom 883 (89%) exhibited at least one early systemic insult that persisted through day 3. Compared to non-survivors, survivors had significantly less early systemic insults (hypoglycemia, hypotension, hypothermia, and anemia) within the first 48 h of ICU admission. The absence of correction of the following systemic insults at day 3 was independently associated with mortality: blood pressure (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34–2.34), oxygenation (aHR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.20–2.63), temperature (aHR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.12–1.91) and glycemia (aHR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.10–1.80). Persistent abnormal blood pressure, temperature and glycemia at day 3 were associated with decreased chances of awakening. Conclusions In patients with severe SAE, the persistence of systemic insults within the first three days of ICU admission is associated with increased mortality and decreased chances of awakening.
Published: 2025
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2. Mortality, incidence, and microbiological documentation of ventilated acquired pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill patients with COVID-19 or influenza

Author: Guillaume Laurichesse, Carole Schwebel, Niccolò Buetti, Mathilde Neuville, Shidasp Siami, Yves Cohen, Virginie Laurent, Bruno Mourvillier, Jean Reignier, Dany Goldgran‐Toledano, Stéphane Ruckly, Etienne de Montmollin, Bertrand Souweine, Jean‐François Timsit, Claire Dupuis, and for the OUTCOME R. E. A. network
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Background Data on ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in COVID-19 and influenza patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) are scarce. This study aimed to estimate day-60 mortality related to VAP in ICU patients ventilated for at least 48 h, either for COVID-19 or for influenza, and to describe the epidemiological characteristics in each group of VAP. Design Multicentre retrospective observational study. Setting Eleven ICUs of the French OutcomeRea™ network. Patients Patients treated with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for at least 48 h for either COVID-19 or for flu. Results Of the 585 patients included, 503 had COVID-19 and 82 had influenza between January 2008 and June 2021. A total of 232 patients, 209 (41.6%) with COVID-19 and 23 (28%) with influenza, developed 375 VAP episodes. Among the COVID-19 and flu patients, VAP incidences for the first VAP episode were, respectively, 99.2 and 56.4 per 1000 IMV days (p
Published: 2023
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3. Non-ventilator-associated ICU-acquired pneumonia (NV-ICU-AP) in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD: From the French OUTCOMEREA cohort

Author: Louis-Marie Galerneau, Sébastien Bailly, Nicolas Terzi, Stéphane Ruckly, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Johanna Oziel, Vivien Hong Tuan Ha, Marc Gainnier, Shidasp Siami, Claire Dupuis, Jean-Marie Forel, Anaïs Dartevel, Julien Dessajan, Christophe Adrie, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Virginie Laurent, Laurent Argaud, Jean Reignier, Jean-Louis Pepin, Michael Darmon, Jean-François Timsit, and OUTCOME R. E. A. network
Subjects: Intensive care medicine, Non-ventilator-associated ICU-acquired pneumonia, Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Prevalence, Prognosis, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Background Non-ventilator-associated ICU-acquired pneumonia (NV-ICU-AP), a nosocomial pneumonia that is not related to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), has been less studied than ventilator-associated pneumonia, and never in the context of patients in an ICU for severe acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), a common cause of ICU admission. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with NV-ICU-AP occurrence and assess the association between NV-ICU-AP and the outcomes of these patients. Methods Data were extracted from the French ICU database, OutcomeRea™. Using survival analyses with competing risk management, we sought the factors associated with the occurrence of NV-ICU-AP. Then we assessed the association between NV-ICU-AP and mortality, intubation rates, and length of stay in the ICU. Results Of the 844 COPD exacerbations managed in ICUs without immediate IMV, NV-ICU-AP occurred in 42 patients (5%) with an incidence density of 10.8 per 1,000 patient-days. In multivariate analysis, prescription of antibiotics at ICU admission (sHR, 0.45 [0.23; 0.86], p = 0.02) and no decrease in consciousness (sHR, 0.35 [0.16; 0.76]; p
Published: 2023
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4. Outcomes in critically Ill HIV-infected patients between 1997 and 2020: analysis of the OUTCOMEREA multicenter cohort

Author: Antoine Gaillet, Elie Azoulay, Etienne de Montmollin, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Yves Cohen, Claire Dupuis, Carole Schwebel, Jean Reignier, Shidasp Siami, Laurent Argaud, Christophe Adrie, Bruno Mourvillier, Stéphane Ruckly, Jean-Marie Forel, and Jean-Francois Timsit
Subjects: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), Antiretroviral therapy (ART), Intensive care unit (ICU), Outcome assessment, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Purpose Despite antiviral therapy (ART), 800,000 deaths still occur yearly and globally due to HIV infection. In parallel with the good virological control and the aging of this population, multiple comorbidities [HIV-associated-non-AIDS (HANA) conditions] may now be observed. Methods HIV adult patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) from all the French region from university and non-university hospital who participate to the OutcomeRea™ database on a voluntary basis over a 24-year period. Results Of the 24,298 stays registered, 630 (2.6%) were a first ICU stay for HIV patients. Over time, the mean age and number of comorbidities (diabetes, renal and respiratory history, solid neoplasia) of patients increased. The proportion of HIV diagnosed on ICU admission decreased significantly, while the median duration of HIV disease as well as the percentage of ART-treated patients increased. The distribution of main reasons for admission remained stable over time (acute respiratory distress > shock > coma). We observed a significant drop in the rate of active opportunistic infection on admission, while the rate of active hemopathy (newly diagnosed or relapsed within the last 6 months prior to admission to ICU) qualifying for AIDS increased—nonsignificantly—with a significant increase in the anticancer chemotherapy administration in ICU. Admissions for HANA or non-HIV reasons were stable over time. In multivariate analysis, predictors of 60-day mortality were advanced age, chronic liver disease, past chemotherapy, sepsis-related organ failure assessment score > 4 at admission, hospitalization duration before ICU admission > 24 h, AIDS status, but not the period of admission. Conclusion Whereas the profile of ICU-admitted HIV patients has evolved over time (HIV better controlled but more associated comorbidities), mortality risk factors remain stable, including AIDS status.
Published: 2023
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5. Correction: Impact of a Postintensive Care Unit Multidisciplinary Follow-up on the Quality of Life (SUIVI-REA): Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Author: Diane Friedman, Lamiae Grimaldi, Alain Cariou, Philippe Aegerter, Stéphane Gaudry, Abdel Ben Salah, Haikel Oueslati, Bruno Megarbane, Nicolas Meunier-Beillard, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Carole Schwebel, Laurent Jacob, Ségloène Robin Lagandré, Pierre Kalfon, Romain Sonneville, Shidasp Siami, Aurelien Mazeraud, and Tarek Sharshar
Subjects: Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Published: 2023
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6. Rapid rEcognition of COrticosteRoiD resistant or sensitive Sepsis (RECORDS): study protocol for a multicentre, placebo-controlled, biomarker-guided, adaptive Bayesian design basket trial

Author: Shidasp Siami, Charlène Le Moal, Thomas DAIX, Sylvie Chevret, Yonatan Perez, Constance Vuillard, Damien Roux, Jonathan Messika, Stephan Ehrmann, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Dalila Benzekri, Gwenhaël Colin, Thierry Boulain, Julie Mankikian, Laura Federici, Jean Reignier, Jean-Paul Mira, Marie-Ange Azais, Djillali Annane, Jean-Claude Lacherade, Grégoire Muller, Christine Lebert, Nicholas Heming, Arthur Bailly, Emmanuelle Mercier, Jean-Baptiste Lascarrou, Julio Badie, Louis-Marie Dumont, Gaetan Plantefeve, Francis Schneider, Patrice Tirot, Isabelle Vinatier, Mickael Landais, Michel Djibré, Bruno Francois, Alexandra Monnier, Francois Barbier, Ferhat Meziani, Hamid Merdji, Pascal Andreu, Julie Helms, Laetitia Bodet-Contentin, Nicolas Pichon, Noémie Zucman, Mehran Monchi, Xavier Monnet, Marie Labruyère, Denis Garot, Hassène Rahmani, Jérôme Fleuriet, Pierre-Louis Declerq, Adrien Robine, Fabrice Uhel, Charles Cerf, Gilles Troché, Alexandrou Antigoni, Annane Djillali, Arlt Birte, Badie Julio, Benghanem Sarah, Berdaguer Ferrari Fernando, Cerf Charles, Chelly Dagdia Zaineb, Chevret Sylvie, Colin Gwenhaël, Daniel Christel, Declercq Pierre-Louis, Delbove Agathe, Devillier Philippe, Fleuriet Jérome, François Bruno, Garchon Henri-Jean, Godot Véronique, Grassin-Delyle Stanislas, Grisolia Mathieu, Guitton Christophe, Helms Julie, Heming Nicholas, Herzog Marielle, Kamel Toufik, Kedad Zoubida, Lassalle Philippe, Lhermite Guillaume, Megarbane Bruno, Mekontso Dessap Armand, Mercier Emmanuelle, Meziani Ferhat, Mira Jean-Paul, Monchi Mehran, Monnet Xavier, Muller Grégoire, Quenot Jean-Pierre, Reignier Jean, Robine Adrien, Rottman Martin, Roux Anne-Laure, Schneider Francis, Siami Shidasp, Tissieres Pierre, Troché Gilles, Uhel Fabrice, Zeitouni Karine, Plantefève Gaëtan, Walid Darwiche, Antoine Guillon, Youenn Jouan, Annick Legras, Marlene Morisseau, Emmanuelle Rouve, Charlotte Salmon-Gandonniere, Raphael Clere-Jehl, Laure Stiel, Antoine Studer, Jean-Baptiste Roudaut, Marine Jacquier, Sophie Jacquier, Armelle Mathonnet, Mai-Anh Nai, Isabelle Runge, Sophie Tollec, Marc Amouretti, Pierre Moine, Paris Meng, Rania Bounab, Muriel-Sarah Fartoukh, Alexandre Elabbadi, Konstantinos Bachoumas, Remi Bernardon, Gauthier Blonz, Luc Desmedt, Brian Emonet, Maud Fiancette, Matthieu Henry, Julien Lorber, Laurent Martin-Lefevre, Caroline Pouplet, Aihem Yehia, Sarah Benghanem, Julien Charpentier, Clara Vigneron, Anne-Laure Fedou, Claire Mancia, Emmanuelle Begot, Philippe Vignon, Antoine Galy, Celine Gonzalez, Marine Goudelin, Bruno Evrard, Arnaud Desachy, Julien Vaidie, Guillaume Gilbert, Cedric Darreau, Benoit Derrien, Marjorie Saint-Martin, Nicolas Chudeau, Jean Christophe Callahan, Dominique Vivier, Pierre-Yves Olivier, Remy Marnai, Nicolas Sedillot, Xavier Tchenio, Yves Poncelin, Remi Bruyere, Grimaldi Lamiae, and Derridj Nawal
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Introduction Corticosteroids affect variably survival in sepsis trials, suggesting heterogeneity in patients’ response to corticosteroids. The RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of COrticosteRoiD resistant or sensitive Sepsis) trial aimed at defining endotypes associated with adults with sepsis responsiveness to corticosteroids.Methods and analysis RECORDS, a multicentre, placebo-controlled, biomarker-guided, adaptive Bayesian design basket trial, will randomly assign to a biomarker stratum 1800 adults with community-acquired pneumonia, vasopressor-dependent sepsis, septic shock or acute respiratory distress syndrome. In each stratum, patients will be randomly assigned to receive a 7-day course of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone or their placebos. Patients with COVID-19 will be treated with a 10-day standard course of dexamethasone and randomised to fludrocortisone or its placebo. Primary outcome will be 90-day death or persistent organ dysfunction. Large simulation study will be performed across a range of plausible scenarios to foresee power to detect a 5%–10% absolute difference with corticosteroids. We will assess subset-by-treatment interaction by estimating in a Bayesian framework two quantities: (1) measure of influence, relying on the value of the estimation of corticosteroids’ effect in each subset, and (2) measure of interaction.Ethics and dissemination The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee (Comité de Protection des Personnes, Dijon, France), on 6 April 2020. Trial results will be disseminated at scientific conferences and results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04280497).
Published: 2023
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7. Corticosteroids for severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in intensive care: From the French OUTCOMEREA cohort

Author: Louis Marie Galerneau, Sébastien Bailly, Nicolas Terzi, Stéphane Ruckly, Maïté Garrouste-Orgeas, Yves Cohen, Vivien Hong Tuan Ha, Marc Gainnier, Shidasp Siami, Claire Dupuis, Michael Darmon, Elie Azoulay, Jean-Marie Forel, Florian Sigaud, Christophe Adrie, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Alexis Ferré, Etienne de Montmollin, Laurent Argaud, Jean Reignier, Jean-Louis Pepin, and Jean-François Timsit
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Introduction Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequent cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. However, data are scarce and conflicting regarding the impact of systemic corticosteroid treatment in critically ill patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of systemic corticosteroids on the occurrence of death or need for continuous invasive mechanical ventilation at day 28 after ICU admission. Methods In the OutcomeReaTM prospective French national ICU database, we assessed the impact of corticosteroids at admission (daily dose ≥ 0.5 mg/kg of prednisone or equivalent during the first 24 hours ICU stay) on a composite outcome (death or invasive mechanical ventilation) using an inverse probability treatment weighting. Results Between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2018, 391 out of 1,247 patients with acute exacerbations of COPDs received corticosteroids at ICU admission. Corticosteroids improved the main composite endpoint (OR = 0.70 [0.49; 0.99], p = 0.044. However, for the subgroup of most severe COPD patients, this did not occur (OR = 1.12 [0.53; 2.36], p = 0. 770). There was no significant impact of corticosteroids on rates of non-invasive ventilation failure, length of ICU or hospital stay, mortality or on the duration of mechanical ventilation. Patients on corticosteroids had the same prevalence of nosocomial infections as those without corticosteroids, but more glycaemic disorders. Conclusion Using systemic corticosteroids for acute exacerbation of COPD at ICU admission had a positive effect on a composite outcome defined by death or need for invasive mechanical ventilation at day 28.
Published: 2023

8. Comparison of prognostic factors between bacteraemic and non-bacteraemic critically ill immunocompetent patients in community-acquired severe pneumococcal pneumonia: a STREPTOGENE sub-study

Author: Hugo Bellut, Raphael Porcher, Emmanuelle Varon, Pierre Asfar, Yves Le Tulzo, Bruno Megarbane, Armelle Mathonnet, Anthony Dugard, Anne Veinstein, Kader Ouchenir, Shidasp Siami, Jean Reignier, Arnaud Galbois, Joël Cousson, Sébastien Preau, Olivier Baldesi, Jean‑Philippe Rigaud, Bertrand Souweine, Benoit Misset, Frederic Jacobs, Florent Dewavrin, Jean‑Paul Mira, and Jean‑Pierre Bedos
Subjects: Pneumococcal pneumonia, Pneumococcal bacteraemia, Severe community-acquired pneumonia, Macrolides, Fluoroquinolones, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Background The presence of bacteraemia in pneumococcal pneumonia in critically ill patients does not appear to be a strong independent prognostic factor in the existing literature. However, there may be a specific pattern of factors associated with mortality for ICU patients with bacteraemic pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to compare the factors associated with mortality, according to the presence of bacteraemia or not on admission, for patients hospitalised in intensive care for severe pneumococcal CAP. Methods This was a post hoc analysis of data from the prospective, observational, multicentre STREPTOGENE study in immunocompetent Caucasian adults admitted to intensive care in France between 2008 and 2012 for pneumococcal CAP. Patients were divided into two groups based on initial blood culture (positive vs. negative) for Streptococcus pneumoniae. The primary outcome was hospital mortality, which was compared between the two groups using odds ratios according to predefined variables to search for a prognostic interaction present in bacterial patients but not non-bacteraemic patients. Potential differences in the distribution of serotypes between the two groups were assessed. The prognostic consequences of the presence or not of initial bi-antibiotic therapy were assessed, specifically in bacteraemic patients. Results Among 614 included patients, 274 had a blood culture positive for S. pneumoniae at admission and 340 did not. The baseline difference between the groups was more frequent leukopaenia (26% vs. 14%, p = 0.0002) and less frequent pre-hospital antibiotic therapy (10% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.024) for the bacteraemic patients. Hospital mortality was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.11). We did not observe any prognostic factors specific to the bacteraemic patient population, as the statistical comparison of the odds ratios, as an indication of the association between the predefined prognostic parameters and mortality, showed them to be similar for the two groups. Bacteraemic patients more often had invasive serotypes but less often serotypes associated with high case fatality rates (p = 0.003). The antibiotic regimens were similar for the two groups. There was no difference in mortality for patients in either group given a beta-lactam alone vs. a beta-lactam combined with a macrolide or fluoroquinolone. Conclusion Bacteraemia had no influence on the mortality of immunocompetent Caucasian adults admitted to intensive care for severe pneumococcal CAP, regardless of the profile of the associated prognostic factors.
Published: 2021
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9. Effect of early treatment with polyvalent immunoglobulin on acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections (ICAR trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author: Aurélien Mazeraud, Bruno Gonçalves, Philippe Aegerter, Letizia Mancusi, Christine Rieu, Fernando Bozza, Khaoussou Sylla, Shidasp Siami, and Tarek Sharshar
Subjects: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Polyvalent immunoglobulin, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Abstract Background As of mid-June 2020, 7,500,000 people were infected with SARS-CoV-2 worldwide and 420,000 people died, mainly from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). COVID-19-related ARDS is subject to a mortality rate of 50% and prolonged period of mechanical ventilation, with no specific pharmacological treatment currently available (Infection au nouveau Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19, France et Monde. https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/dossiers/coronavirus-covid-19 ). Because of its immunomodulatory action, we propose to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) administration in patients developing COVID-19-related ARDS. Methods The trial is a phase III double-blind, randomized, multicenter, parallel group, concurrent, controlled study in hospitalized participants with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation using a sequential design. Participants in the treatment group will receive infusions of polyvalent immunoglobulin for 4 consecutive days, and the placebo group will receive an equivalent volume of sodium chloride 0.9% for the same duration. The primary outcome is the number of ventilator-free days up to the 28th day. Secondary objectives are to evaluate the effect of IVIG on (1) organ failure according to the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at 14 and 28 days, (2) lung injury score at 14 and 28 days, (3) the occurrence of grade 3 or 4 adverse events of IVIG, (4) length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, (5) length of hospital stay, (6) functional outcomes at day 90 defined by the activities of daily living and instrumental activities of the daily living scales, and (7) 90-day survival. One hundred thirty-eight subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to IVIG or placebo groups (69 in each group), considering 90% power, alpha level 0.05 (two sides), and 0.67 effect size level. Discussion The ICAR trial investigates the effect of IVIG in COVID-19-related ARDS. We expect an increase in the survival rate and a reduction in the duration of mechanical ventilation, which is associated with significant morbidity. Trial registration EudraCT 2020-001570-30. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04350580 . Registered on 17 April 2020
Published: 2021
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10. Impact of a Postintensive Care Unit Multidisciplinary Follow-up on the Quality of Life (SUIVI-REA): Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Author: Diane Friedman, Lamiae Grimaldi, Alain Cariou, Philippe Aegerter, Stéphane Gaudry, Abdel Ben Salah, Haikel Oueslati, Bruno Megarbane, Nicolas Meunier-Beillard, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Carole Schwebel, Laurent Jacob, Ségloène Robin Lagandré, Pierre Kalfon, Romain Sonneville, Shidasp Siami, Aurelien Mazeraud, and Tarek Sharshar
Subjects: Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract: BackgroundCritically ill patients are at risk of developing a postintensive care syndrome (PICS), which is characterized by physical, psychological, and cognitive impairments and which dramatically impacts the patient’s quality of life (QoL). No intervention has been shown to improve QoL. We hypothesized that a medical, psychological, and social follow-up would improve QoL by mitigating the PICS. ObjectiveThis multicenter, randomized controlled trial (SUIVI-REA) aims to compare a multidisciplinary follow-up with a standard postintensive care unit (ICU) follow-up. MethodsPatients were randomized to the control or intervention arm. In the intervention arm, multidisciplinary follow-up involved medical, psychological, and social evaluation at ICU discharge and at 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. In the placebo group, patients were seen only at 12 months by the multidisciplinary team. Baseline characteristics at ICU discharge were collected for all patients. The primary outcome was QoL at 1 year, assessed using the Euro Quality of Life-5 dimensions (EQ5D). Secondary outcomes were mortality, cognitive, psychological, and functional status; social and professional reintegration; and the rate of rehospitalization and outpatient consultations at 1 year. ResultsThe study was funded by the Ministry of Health in June 2010. It was approved by the Ethics Committee on July 8, 2011. The first and last patient were randomized on December 20, 2012, and September 1, 2017, respectively. A total of 546 patients were enrolled across 11 ICUs. At present, data management is ongoing, and all parties involved in the trial remain blinded. ConclusionsThe SUVI-REA multicenter randomized controlled trial aims to assess whether a post-ICU multidisciplinary follow-up improves QoL at 1 year. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT01796509; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01796509 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/30496
Published: 2022
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11. One-year survival in acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter cohort study

Author: Etienne de Montmollin, Nicolas Terzi, Claire Dupuis, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Daniel da Silva, Michaël Darmon, Virginie Laurent, Guillaume Thiéry, Johana Oziel, Guillaume Marcotte, Marc Gainnier, Shidasp Siami, Benjamin Sztrymf, Christophe Adrie, Jean Reignier, Stephane Ruckly, Romain Sonneville, Jean-François Timsit, and OUTCOMEREA Study Group
Subjects: Ischemic stroke, Intracranial hemorrhage, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Intensive care, Mechanical ventilation, Endotracheal intubation, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Background Most prognostic studies in acute stroke patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation are outdated and have limitations such as single-center retrospective designs. We aimed to study the association of ICU admission factors, including the reason for intubation, with 1-year survival of acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Methods We conducted a secondary data use analysis of a prospective multicenter database (14 ICUs) between 1997 and 2016 on consecutive ICU stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation at admission. We excluded patients with stroke of traumatic origin, subdural hematoma or cerebral venous thrombosis. The primary outcome was survival 1 year after ICU admission. Factors associated with the primary outcome were identified using a multivariable Cox model stratified on inclusion center. Results We identified 419 patients (age 68 [58–76] years, males 60%) with a Glasgow coma score (GCS) of 4 [3–8] at admission. Stroke subtypes were acute ischemic stroke (AIS, 46%), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH, 42%) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH, 12%). At 1 year, 96 (23%) patients were alive. Factors independently associated with decreased 1-year survival were ICH and SAH stroke subtypes, a lower GCS score at admission, a higher non-neurological SOFA score. Conversely, patients receiving acute-phase therapy had improved 1-year survival. Intubation for acute respiratory failure or coma was associated with comparable survival hazard ratios, whereas intubation for seizure was not associated with a worse prognosis than for elective procedure. Survival did not improve over the study period, but patients included in the most recent period had more comorbidities and presented higher severity scores at admission. Conclusions In acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation, the reason for intubation and the opportunity to receive acute-phase stroke therapy were independently associated with 1-year survival. These variables could assist in the decision process regarding the initiation of mechanical ventilation in acute stroke patients.
Published: 2020
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12. Life Support Limitations in Mechanically Ventilated Stroke Patients

Author: Etienne de Montmollin, MD, PhD, Carole Schwebel, MD, PhD, Claire Dupuis, MD, PhD, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, MD, Daniel da Silva, MD, Elie Azoulay, MD, PhD, Virginie Laurent, MD, Guillaume Thiéry, MD, PhD, Alexandra Grinea, MD, Guillaume Marcotte, MD, Johanna Oziel, MD, Marc Gainnier, MD, Shidasp Siami, MD, PhD, Jean Reignier, MD, PhD, Benjamin Sztrymf, MD, PhD, Christophe Adrie, MD, Stephane Ruckly, MSc, Romain Sonneville, MD, PhD, Jean-François Timsit, MD, PhD, on behalf of the OUTCOMEREA Study Group, Jean-François Timsit, Elie Azoulay, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Bruno Mourvillier, Michael Darmon, Jean-Francois Timsit, Corinne Albert, Stephane Ruckly, Sébastien Bailly, Aurélien Vannieuwenhuyze, Christophe Adrie, Carole Agasse, Bernard Allaouchiche, Olivier Andremont, Pascal Andreu, Laurent Argaud, Claire Ara-Somohano, Francois Barbier, Jean-Pierre Bedos, Thomas Baudry, Jérome Bedel, Julien Bohé, Lila Bouadma, Jeremy Bourenne, Noel Brule, Frank Chemouni, Julien Carvelli, Elisabeth Coupez, Martin Cour, Claire Dupuis, Etienne de Montmollin, Loa Dopeux, Anne-Sylvie Dumenil, Jean-Marc Forel, Marc Gainnier, Charlotte Garret, Dany Goldgran-Tonedano, Steven Grangé, Antoine Gros, Hédia Hammed, Akim Haouache, Tarik Hissem, Vivien Hong Tuan Ha, Sébastien Jochman, Jean-Baptiste Joffredo, Hatem Kallel, Guillaume Lacave, Virgine Laurent, Alexandre Lautrette, Clément Le Bihan, Virgine Lemiale, David Luis, Guillaume Marcotte, Jordane Lebut, Mathild Neuville, Laurent Nicolet, Johanna Oziel, Laurent Papazian, Juliette Patrier, Benjamin Planquette, Aguila Radjou, Marie Simon, Romain Sonneville, Jean Reignier, Bertrand Souweine, Carole Schwebel, Shidasp Siami, Nicolas Terzi, Gilles Troché, Fabrice Thiollieres, Guillaume Thierry, Guillaume Van Der Meersch, Marion Venot, Florent Wallet, Sondes Yaacoubi, Olivier Zambon, Jonathan Zarka, Mireille Adda, Vanessa Vindrieux, Marion Provent, Sylvie de la Salle, Pauline Enguerrand, Vincent Gobert, Stéphane Guessens, Helene Merle, Nadira Kaddour, Boris Berthe, Samir Bekkhouche, Kaouttar Mellouk, Mélaine Lebrazic, Carole Ouisse, Diane Maugars, Christelle Aparicio, Igor Theodose, Manal Nouacer, Veronique Deiler, Fariza Lamara, Myriam Moussa, Atika Mouaci, and Nassima Viguier
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Objectives:. The determinants of decisions to limit life support (withholding or withdrawal) in ventilated stroke patients have been evaluated mainly for patients with intracranial hemorrhages. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of life support limitations in ventilated ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients compared with a nonbrain-injured population and to determine factors associated with such decisions. Design:. Multicenter prospective French observational study. Setting:. Fourteen ICUs of the French OutcomeRea network. PATIENTS:. From 2005 to 2016, we included stroke patients and nonbrain-injured patients requiring invasive ventilation within 24 hours of ICU admission. INTERVENTION:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. We identified 373 stroke patients (ischemic, n = 167 [45%]; hemorrhagic, n = 206 [55%]) and 5,683 nonbrain-injured patients. Decisions to limit life support were taken in 41% of ischemic stroke cases (vs nonbrain-injured patients, subdistribution hazard ratio, 3.59 [95% CI, 2.78–4.65]) and in 33% of hemorrhagic stroke cases (vs nonbrain-injured patients, subdistribution hazard ratio, 3.9 [95% CI, 2.97–5.11]). Time from ICU admission to the first limitation was longer in ischemic than in hemorrhagic stroke (5 [3–9] vs 2 d [1–6] d; p < 0.01). Limitation of life support preceded ICU death in 70% of ischemic strokes and 45% of hemorrhagic strokes (p < 0.01). Life support limitations in ischemic stroke were increased by a vertebrobasilar location (vs anterior circulation, subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.01–2.59]) and a prestroke modified Rankin score greater than 2 (2.38 [1.27–4.55]). In hemorrhagic stroke, an age greater than 70 years (2.29 [1.43–3.69]) and a Glasgow Coma Scale score less than 8 (2.15 [1.08–4.3]) were associated with an increased risk of limitation, whereas a higher nonneurologic admission Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was associated with a reduced risk (per point, 0.89 [0.82–0.97]). Conclusions:. In ventilated stroke patients, decisions to limit life support are more than three times more frequent than in nonbrain-injured patients, with different timing and associated risk factors between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
Published: 2021
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13. Influence of dyskalemia at admission and early dyskalemia correction on survival and cardiac events of critically ill patients

Author: Lila Bouadma, Stefan Mankikian, Michael Darmon, Laurent Argaud, Camille Vinclair, Shidasp Siami, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Laurent Papazian, Yves Cohen, Guillaume Marcotte, Lenka Styfalova, Jean Reignier, Alexandre Lautrette, Carole Schwebel, Jean-Francois Timsit, and on behalf of the OUTCOMEREA STUDY GROUP
Subjects: Potassium, Correction of potassium, Critical care, Mortality, Cardiac events, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Objectives Our objectives were (1) to characterize the distribution of serum potassium levels at ICU admission, (2) to examine the relationship between dyskalemia at ICU admission and occurrence of cardiac events, and (3) to study both the association between dyskalemia at ICU admission and dyskalemia correction by day 2 on 28-day mortality. Design Inception cohort study from the longitudinal prospective French multicenter OUTCOMEREA database (1999–2014) Setting 22 French OUTCOMEREA network ICUs Patients Patients were classified into six groups according to their serum potassium level at admission: three groups of hypokalemia and three groups of hyperkalemia defined as serious hypokalemia [K+] 7 mmol/L, moderate hypokalemia 2.5 ≤ [K+]
Published: 2019
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14. Bacterial Pulmonary Co-Infections on ICU Admission: Comparison in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Acute Respiratory Failure: A Multicentre Cohort Study

Author: Grégoire Delhommeau, Niccolò Buetti, Mathilde Neuville, Shidasp Siami, Yves Cohen, Virginie Laurent, Bruno Mourvillier, Jean Reignier, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Carole Schwebel, Stéphane Ruckly, Etienne de Montmollin, Bertrand Souweine, Jean-François Timsit, and Claire Dupuis
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2, influenza, bacterial pulmonary co-infection, outcome, intensive care, ventilator-associated pneumonia, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Background: Few data are available on the impact of bacterial pulmonary co-infection (RespCoBact) during COVID-19 (CovRespCoBact). The aim of this study was to compare the prognosis of patients admitted to an ICU for influenza pneumonia and for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with and without RespCoBact. Methods: This was a multicentre (n = 11) observational study using the Outcomerea© database. Since 2008, all patients admitted with influenza pneumonia or SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and discharged before 30 June 2021 were included. Risk factors for day-60 death and for ventilator-associated-pneumonia (VAP) in patients with influenza pneumonia or SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with or without RespCoBact were determined. Results: Of the 1349 patients included, 157 were admitted for influenza and 1192 for SARS-CoV-2. Compared with the influenza patients, those with SARS-CoV-2 had lower severity scores, were more often under high-flow nasal cannula, were less often under invasive mechanical ventilation, and had less RespCoBact (8.2% for SARS-CoV-2 versus 24.8% for influenza). Day-60 death was significantly higher in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with no increased risk of mortality with RespCoBact. Patients with influenza pneumonia and those with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia had no increased risk of VAP with RespCoBact. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia was associated with an increased risk of mortality compared with Influenza pneumonia. Bacterial pulmonary co-infections on admission were not associated with patient survival rates nor with an increased risk of VAP.
Published: 2022
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15. Association Between Early Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and Day-60 Mortality in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Related to Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pneumonia

Author: Claire Dupuis, MD, PhD, Lila Bouadma, MD, PhD, Etienne de Montmollin, MD, PhD, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, MD, Carole Schwebel, MD, PhD, Jean Reignier, MD, PhD, Mathilde Neuville, MD, Moreno Ursino, PhD, Shidasp Siami, MD, Stéphane Ruckly, MSc, Corinne Alberti, MD, PhD, Bruno Mourvillier, MD, PhD, Sébastien Bailly, PharmD, PhD, Kévin Grapin, MD, Virginie Laurent, MD, Niccolo Buetti, MD, PhD, Marc Gainnier, MD, Bertrand Souweine, MD, PhD, Jean-François Timsit, MD, PhD, for the OUTCOMEREA Study Group, Jean-François Timsit, Elie Azoulay, Maïté Garrouste-Orgeas, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Bruno Mourvillier, Christophe Clec’h, Corinne Alberti, Stephane Ruckly, Sébastien Bailly, Aurélien Vannieuwenhuyze, Christophe Adrie, Carole Agasse, Bernard Allaouchiche, Olivier Andremont, Pascal Andreu, Laurent Argaud, Claire Ara-Somohano, Francois Barbier, Déborah Boyer, Jean-Pierre Bedos, Thomas Baudry, Jérome Bedel, Julien Bohé, Lila Bouadma, Jeremy Bourenne, Noel Brule, Cédric Brétonnière, Frank Chemouni, Christine Cheval, Julien Carvelli, Elisabeth Coupez, Martin Cour, Claire Dupuis, Etienne de Montmollin, Loa Dopeux, Anne-Sylvie Dumenil, Jean-Marc Forel, Marc Gainnier, Charlotte Garret, Dany Goldgran-Tonedano, Steven Grangé, Antoine Gros, Hédia Hammed, Akim Haouache, Romain Hernu, Tarik Hissem, Vivien Hong Tuan Ha, Sébastien Jochmans, Jean-Baptiste Joffredo, Hatem Kallel, Guillaume Lacave, Virgine Laurent, Alexandre Lautrette, Clément Le bihan, Eric Magalhaes, Virgine Lemiale, Guillaume Marcotte, Jordane Lebut, Maxime Lugosi, Sibylle Merceron, Benoît Misset, Mathild Neuville, Laurent Nicolet, Johanna Oziel, Laurent Papazian, Juliette Patrier, Benjamin Planquette, Aguila Radjou, Marie Simon, Romain Sonneville, Jean Reignier, Bertrand Souweine, Carole Schwebel, Shidasp Siami, Nicolas Terzi, Gilles Troché, Marie Thuong, Guillaume Thierry, Marion Venot, Sondes Yaacoubi, Olivier Zambon, Julien Fournier, Stéphanie Bagur, Mireille Adda, Vanessa Vindrieux, Sylvie de la Salle, Pauline Enguerrand, Vincent Gobert, Stéphane Guessens, Helene Merle, Nadira Kaddour, Boris Berthe, Samir Bekkhouche, Kaouttar Mellouk, Mélaine Lebrazic, Carole Ouisse, Diane Maugars, Christelle Aparicio, Igor Theodose, Manal Nouacer, Veronique Deiler, Fariza Lamara, Myriam Moussa, Atika Mouaci, and Nassima Viguier
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Objectives:. About 5% of patients with coronavirus disease-2019 are admitted to the ICU for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Opinions differ on whether invasive mechanical ventilation should be used as first-line therapy over noninvasive oxygen support. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of early invasive mechanical ventilation in coronavirus disease-2019 with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure on day-60 mortality. Design:. Multicenter prospective French observational study. Setting:. Eleven ICUs of the French OutcomeRea network. Patients:. Coronavirus disease-2019 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (Pao2/Fio2 ≤ 300 mm Hg), without shock or neurologic failure on ICU admission, and not referred from another ICU or intermediate care unit were included. Intervention:. We compared day-60 mortality in patients who were on invasive mechanical ventilation within the first 2 calendar days of the ICU stay (early invasive mechanical ventilation group) and those who were not (nonearly invasive mechanical ventilation group). We used a Cox proportional-hazard model weighted by inverse probability of early invasive mechanical ventilation to determine the risk of death at day 60. Measurement and Main Results:. The 245 patients included had a median (interquartile range) age of 61 years (52–69 yr), a Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score of 34 mm Hg (26–44 mm Hg), and a Pao2/Fio2 of 121 mm Hg (90–174 mm Hg). The rates of ICU-acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, and the ICU length of stay were significantly higher in the early (n = 117 [48%]) than in the nonearly invasive mechanical ventilation group (n = 128 [52%]), p < 0.01. Day-60 mortality was 42.7% and 21.9% in the early and nonearly invasive mechanical ventilation groups, respectively. The weighted model showed that early invasive mechanical ventilation increased the risk for day-60 mortality (weighted hazard ratio =1.74; 95% CI, 1.07–2.83, p=0.03). Conclusions:. In ICU patients admitted with coronavirus disease-2019-induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, early invasive mechanical ventilation was associated with an increased risk of day-60 mortality. This result needs to be confirmed.
Published: 2021
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16. Impact of early corticosteroids on 60-day mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A multicenter cohort study of the OUTCOMEREA network.

Author: Claire Dupuis, Etienne de Montmollin, Niccolò Buetti, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Jean Reignier, Carole Schwebel, Julien Domitile, Mathilde Neuville, Moreno Ursino, Shidasp Siami, Stéphane Ruckly, Corinne Alberti, Bruno Mourvillier, Sebastien Bailly, Virginie Laurent, Marc Gainnier, Bertrand Souweine, Jean-François Timsit, and OutcomeReaTM research network
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: ObjectivesIn severe COVID-19 pneumonia, the appropriate timing and dosing of corticosteroids (CS) is not known. Patient subgroups for which CS could be more beneficial also need appraisal. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of early CS in COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted to the ICU on the occurrence of 60-day mortality, ICU-acquired-bloodstream infections(ICU-BSI), and hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia(HAP-VAP).MethodsWe included patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to 11 ICUs belonging to the French OutcomeReaTM network from January to May 2020. We used survival models with ponderation with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).ResultsThe study population comprised 303 patients having a median age of 61.6 (53-70) years of whom 78.8% were male and 58.6% had at least one comorbidity. The median SAPS II was 33 (25-44). Invasive mechanical ventilation was required in 34.8% of the patients. Sixty-six (21.8%) patients were in the Early-C subgroup. Overall, 60-day mortality was 29.4%. The risks of 60-day mortality (IPTWHR = 0.86;95% CI 0.54 to 1.35, p = 0.51), ICU-BSI and HAP-VAP were similar in the two groups. Importantly, early CS treatment was associated with a lower mortality rate in patients aged 60 years or more (IPTWHR, 0.53;95% CI, 0.3-0.93; p = 0.03). In contrast, CS was associated with an increased risk of death in patients younger than 60 years without inflammation on admission (IPTWHR = 5.01;95% CI, 1.05, 23.88; p = 0.04).ConclusionFor patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, early CS treatment was not associated with patient survival. Interestingly, inflammation and age can significantly influence the effect of CS.
Published: 2021
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17. Using research to prepare for outbreaks of severe acute respiratory infection

Author: Andrew Bentley, John Marshall, Allen C Cheng, Anthony G Charles, Jordi Rello, Li Yang Hsu, David J Wallace, Shidasp Siami, Cédric Bruel, Sotharith Bory, Mich Vann, Bunlor Teav, Leakhann Som, Mikko J Jarrvisalo, Anni Pulkkinen, Tero Ala-kokko, Sari Melto, Thomas DAIX, Francois Philippart, Marchalot Antoine, Kelly Tiercelet, BRUYERE Remi, Sedillot Nicholas, Taimon Fabienne, Raomi Bruyere, Xavier Forceville, Simon Erickson, Lewis Campbell, Ravikiran Sonawane, John Santamaria, Mark Kol, Jeff Powis, Richard Hall, Anne E McCarthy, Philippe Jouvet, Mary Anne Opavsky, Elaine Gilfoyle, Nataly Farshait, Dori-Ann Martin, Donald Griesdale, John Muscedere, Asgar Rishu, Wai Ching Sin, Wallace Chun Wai Ngai, Paul Young, Annette Forrest, Alex Kazemi, Seton Henderson, Troy Browne, Anusha Ganeshalingham, Rachael McConnochie, Jae Hwa Cho, Tai Sun Park, Yun Su Sim, Youjin Chang, Heung Bum Lee, Seung Yong Park, Wai Ming Chan, Won-Yeon Lee, Derek C Angus, H Rogier van Doorn, Nguyen Van Kinh, Nguyen Vu Trung, Meghan Prin, Theogene Twagirumugabe, Olivier Felix UMUHIRE, HABARUREMA Sylvain, Eman Al Qasim, Jean-Michel Heraud, Mihaja Raberahona, Joelinotahiana Hasina RABARISON, Santiago Perez Patrigeon, Alejandra Ramirez-Venegas, Javier Araujo Meléndez, M Lourdes Guerrero, Ivan Mambule, Otieno George Ochieng, Behzad Nadjm, Iris Wai Sum Li, Won-Il Choi, KOMURIAN-PRADEL Florence, Yaseen M Arabi, T Eoin West, Elisabeth D Riviello, Rachael Parke, AnnaneE Djillali, Robert Fowler, Srinivas Murthy, Alistair Nichol, Calum Semple, Maya George, Miia Valkonen, Colin McArthur, Gail Carson, Genevieve O'Neill, J Perren Cobb, Jake Dunning, Jean-Daniel Chiche, Jin-Won Huh, Julia GUILLEBAUD, Norosoa Razanazatovo, Juilett Wambura Otieno, Karen Green, Kathy Rowan, John Kenneth Baillie, Laura Merson, Michael D Christian, Moritoki Egi, Nahoko Shindo, Peter Horby, Raul Pardinaz-Solis, Sebastián Ugarte Ubiergo, Steve AR Webb, Timothy M Uyeki, Anthony C Gordon, David L Paterson, Dean Everett, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Kajsa-Stina Longuere, David Maslove, Gloria Crowl, Theresa Pedutem Humber, Edward Ellazar Humber, Ilona Bahinskaya, Joan Osbourne-Townsend, Ingeborg Welters, Nadia Malik, T S Browne, Jennifer Goodson, and Vinaya Mahesh
Subjects: Medicine (General), R5-920, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) remain one of the leading causes of mortality around the world in all age groups. There is large global variation in epidemiology, clinical management and outcomes, including mortality. We performed a short period observational data collection in critical care units distributed globally during regional peak SARI seasons from 1 January 2016 until 31 August 2017, using standardised data collection tools. Data were collected for 1 week on all admitted patients who met the inclusion criteria for SARI, with follow-up to hospital discharge. Proportions of patients across regions were compared for microbiology, management strategies and outcomes. Regions were divided geographically and economically according to World Bank definitions. Data were collected for 682 patients from 95 hospitals and 23 countries. The overall mortality was 9.5%. Of the patients, 21.7% were children, with case fatality proportions of 1% for those less than 5 years. The highest mortality was in those above 60 years, at 18.6%. Case fatality varied by region: East Asia and Pacific 10.2% (21 of 206), Sub-Saharan Africa 4.3% (8 of 188), South Asia 0% (0 of 35), North America 13.6% (25 of 184), and Europe and Central Asia 14.3% (9 of 63). Mortality in low-income and low-middle-income countries combined was 4% as compared with 14% in high-income countries. Organ dysfunction scores calculated on presentation in 560 patients where full data were available revealed Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores on presentation were significantly associated with mortality and hospital length of stay. Patients in East Asia and Pacific (48%) and North America (24%) had the highest SOFA scores of >12. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that initial SOFA score and age were independent predictors of hospital survival. There was variability across regions and income groupings for the critical care management and outcomes of SARI. Intensive care unit-specific factors, geography and management features were less reliable than baseline severity for predicting ultimate outcome. These findings may help in planning future outbreak severity assessments, but more globally representative data are required.
Published: 2019
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18. Brainstem response patterns in deeply-sedated critically-ill patients predict 28-day mortality.

Author: Benjamin Rohaut, Raphael Porcher, Tarik Hissem, Nicholas Heming, Patrick Chillet, Kamel Djedaini, Guy Moneger, Stanislas Kandelman, Jeremy Allary, Alain Cariou, Romain Sonneville, Andréa Polito, Marion Antona, Eric Azabou, Djillali Annane, Shidasp Siami, Fabrice Chrétien, Jean Mantz, Tarek Sharshar, and Groupe d’Exploration Neurologique en Réanimation (GENER)
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Deep sedation is associated with acute brain dysfunction and increased mortality. We had previously shown that early-assessed brainstem reflexes may predict outcome in deeply sedated patients. The primary objective was to determine whether patterns of brainstem reflexes might predict mortality in deeply sedated patients. The secondary objective was to generate a score predicting mortality in these patients. METHODS:Observational prospective multicenter cohort study of 148 non-brain injured deeply sedated patients, defined by a Richmond Assessment sedation Scale (RASS)
Published: 2017
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19. Thirst perception and osmoregulation of vasopressin secretion are altered during recovery from septic shock.

Author: Shidasp Siami, Andrea Polito, Raphael Porcher, Tarik Hissem, Anne Blanchard, Catherine Boucly, Robert Carlier, Djillali Annane, Jean-Philippe Haymann, and Tarek Sharshar
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: ObjectiveVasopressin (AVP) secretion during an osmotic challenge is frequently altered in the immediate post-acute phase of septic shock. We sought to determine if this response is still altered in patients recovering from septic shock.DesignProspective interventional study.SettingIntensive care unit (ICU) at Raymond Poincaré and Etampes Hospitals.PatientsNormonatremic patients at least 5 days post discontinuation of catecholamines given for a septic shock.InterventionOsmotic challenge involved infusing 500 mL of hypertonic saline solution (with cumulative amount of sodium not exceeding 24 g) over 120 minutes.Measurements and main resultsPlasma AVP levels were measured 15 minutes before the infusion and then every 30 minutes for two hours. Non-responders were defined as those with a slope of the relation between AVP and plasma sodium levels less than < 0.5 ng/mEq. Among the 30 included patients, 18 (60%) were non-responders. Blood pressure and plasma sodium and brain natriuretic peptide levels were similar in both responders and non-responders during the course of the test. Critical illness severity, hemodynamic alteration, electrolyte disturbances, treatment and outcome did not differ between the two groups. Responders had more severe gas exchange abnormality. Thirst perception was significantly diminished in non-responders. The osmotic challenge was repeated in 4 non-responders several months after discharge and the abnormal response persisted.ConclusionMore than half of patients recovering from septic shock have an alteration of osmoregulation characterised by a dramatic decrease in vasopressin secretion and thirst perception during osmotic challenge. The mechanisms of this alteration but also of the relationship between haematosis and normal response remain to be elucidated.
Published: 2013
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20. Changes in CRH and ACTH synthesis during experimental and human septic shock.

Author: Andrea Polito, Romain Sonneville, Céline Guidoux, Lucinda Barrett, Odile Viltart, Virginie Mattot, Shidasp Siami, Geoffroy Lorin de la Grandmaison, Fabrice Chrétien, Mervyn Singer, Françoise Gray, Djillali Annane, Jean-Philippe Brouland, and Tarek Sharshar
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: The mechanisms of septic shock-associated adrenal insufficiency remain unclear. This study aimed at investigating the synthesis of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressin (AVP) by parvocellular neurons and the antehypophyseal expression of ACTH in human septic shock and in an experimental model of sepsis.To test the hypothesis that ACTH secretion is decreased secondarily to alteration of CRH or AVP synthesis, we undertook a neuropathological study of the antehypophyseal system in patients who had died from septic shock and rats with experimental faecal peritonitis.Brains obtained in 9 septic shock patients were compared to 10 nonseptic patients (controls). Parvocellular expression of AVP and CRH mRNA were evaluated by in situ hybridization. Antehypophyseal expression of ACTH, vasopressin V1b and CRH R1 receptors and parvocellular expression of iNOS in the PVN were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The same experiments were carried out in a fecal peritonitis-induced model of sepsis. Data from septic rats with (n = 6) or without (n = 10) early death were compared to sham-operated (n = 8) animals.In patients and rats, septic shock was associated with a decreased expression of ACTH, unchanged expression of V1B receptor, CRHR1 and AVP mRNA, and increased expression of parvocellular iNOS compared to controls. Septic shock was also characterized by an increased expression of CRH mRNA in rats but not in patients, who notably had a greater duration of septic shock.The present study suggests that in humans and in rats, septic shock is associated with decreased ACTH synthesis that is not compensated by its two natural secretagogues, AVP and CRH. One underlying mechanism might be increased expression of iNOS in hypothalamic parvocellular neurons.
Published: 2011
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21. Hydrocortisone plus fludrocortisone for community acquired pneumonia-related septic shock: a subgroup analysis of the APROCCHSS phase 3 randomised trial

Author: Djillali, ANNANE, Christian, BRUN-BUISSON, Benoit, MISSET, Jean, CHASTRE, François, BRIVET, Julien, BOHE, Carole, SCHWEBEL, Shidasp, SIAMI, Michel, SLAMA, Olivier, LEROY, Gilles, CAPELLIER, Michel, WOLFF, Mohamed, ALI BEN ALI, François, ANTONINI, Jean-François, LORIFERNE, Franck, PETITPAS, Claire, CHARPENTIER, Jean-Michel, CONSTANTIN, Gilles, D'HONNEUR, Bertrand, SOUWEINE, Xavier, FORCEVILLE, Bruno, MEGARBANE, Francois, BAUDIN, Gwenhaël, COLIN, Karim, ASEHNOUNE, Jean-Pierre, QUENOT, Bruno, FRANCOIS, Thierry, BOULAIN, Emmanuelle, MERCIER, Jean, REIGNIER, Roland, AMATHIEU, Fabrice, COOK, Alain, CARIOU, Loic, CHIMOT, Fouad, Fadel, Andrea, Polito, Bernard, Clair, Virginie, Maxime, David, Luis, Tarek, Sharshar, David, Orlikowski, Keyvan, RAZAZI, Nicolas, DE PROST, Guillaume, CARTEAUX, Maité, GARROUSTE ORGEAS, François, Philippart, Alain, Combes, Ania, Nieszkowska, Frederic, Jacobs, Dominique, Prat, Patrick, Lafforgue, Claire, ARA SOMOHANO, Clémence, MINET, Maxime, LUGOSI, Julien, Maizel, Jean Christophe, Navellou, Bruno, Mourvillier, Lila, Bouadma, Jean François, Timsit, Claude Denis, Martin, Julien, Textoris, Sandrine, Wiramus, Clément, BRUN, Benoît, RAGONNET, Ali, Ait-Hssain, Samia, Touati, Jean, Kuba, Vincent, Willems, Pierre, Lahillaire, Mohammed, Lassi, Marion, ANTONA, Alia, MEGHENEM, Marine, DEMESMAY, Eric, Boulet, Olivier, LOUTREL, Romain, DUMONT, Antoine, ROQUILLY, Pierre-Joachim, MAHE, Dominique, DEMEURE dit LATTE, Philippe, CHAMPIN, Jean François, ARNOULD, Raphaël, CINOTTI, Ronan, Le FLOCH, Marc, Clavel, Philippe, Vignon, Nicolas, Pichon, Emmanuelle, BEGOT, Anne-Laure, FEDOU, Catherine, CHAPELLAS, Antoine, GALY, Dalila, Benzekri Lefevre, Armelle, Mathonnet, Anne, Bretagnol, Isabelle, Runge, François, BARBIER, Grégoire, MULLER, Denis, GAROT, Pierre François, DEQUIN, Dominique, PERROTIN, Annick, LEGRAS, Julie, MANKIKIAN, Patrice, TALEC, Stephan, EHRMANN, Aurélie, JORET, Claire, LHOMMET, Emmanuelle, ROUVE, Laetitia, BODET-CONTENTIN, Youenn, JOUAN, Charlotte, SALMONGANDONNIERE, Laurent, MARTIN-LEFEVRE, Matthieu, HENRY-LAGARRIGUE, Aihem, YEHIA, Jean-Baptiste, LASCARROU, Christine, LEBERT, Jean-Claude, LACHERADE, Eric, LEVESQUE, Yen-Lan, NGUYEN, Fabrice, DAVIAUD, Adrien, BOUGLE, Jean Paul, MIRA, Jean Daniel, CHICHE, Frederic, PENE, Tristan, MORICHAU-BEAUCHANT, Guillaume, GERI, Pierre Henri, DESSALLES, Yannick, MONSEAU, Mélanie, SAINT-LEGER, Sandrine, BEDON-CARTE, Laetitia, Bodet-Contentin, Walid, Darwiche, Stephan, Ehrmann, Denis, Garot, Antoine, Guillon, Youenn, Jouan, Annick, Legras, Julie, Mankikian, Emmanuelle, Mercier, Marlene, Morisseau, Yonatan, Perez, Emmanuelle, Rouve, Charlotte, Salmon-Gandonniere, Julie, Helms, Hassene, Rahmani, Alexandra, Monnier, Hamid, Merdji, Raphael, Clere-Jehl, Laure, Stiel, Antoine, Studer, Pascal, Andreu, Jean-Baptiste, Roudaut, Marie, Labruyere, Marine, Jacquier, Francois, Barbier, Dalila, Benzekri, Thierry, Boulain, Sophie, Jacquier, Gregoire, Muller, Mai-Anh, Nai, Sophie, Tollec, Damien, Roux, Jonathan, Messika, Constance, Vuillard, Louis-Marie, Dumont, Laura, Federici, Noemie, Zucman, Marc, Amouretti, Djillali, Annane, Pierre, Moine, Paris, Meng, Rania, Bounab, Muriel-Sarah, Fartoukh, Michel, Djibre, Alexandre, Elabbadi, Marie-Ange, Azais, Konstantinos, Bachoumas, Arthur, Bailly, Remi, Bernardon, Gauthier, Blonz, Luc, Desmedt, Brian, Emonet, Maud, Fiancette, Matthieu, Henry, Jean-Claude, Lacherade, Jean-Baptiste, Lascarrou, Christine, Lebert, Julien, Lorber, Laurent Martin-, Lefevre, Caroline, Pouplet, Isabelle, Vinatier, Aihem, Yehia, Sarah, Benghanem, Julien, Charpentier, Clara, Vigneron, Anne-Laure, Fedou, Claire, Mancia, Emmanuelle, Begot, Thomas, Daix, Antoine, Galy, Celine, Gonzalez, Marine, Goudelin, Bruno, Evrard, Arnaud, Desachy, Julien, Vaidie, Guillaume, Gilbert, Cedric, Darreau, Benoit, Derrien, Marjorie, Saint-Martin, Patrice, Tirot, Mickael, Landais, Nicolas, Chudeau, Jean Christophe, Callahan, Dominique, Vivier, Charlene, Le Moal, Pierre-Yves, Olivier, Remy, Marnai, Francis, Schneider, Nicolas, Sedillot, Xavier, Tchenio, Adrien, Robine, Yves, Poncelin, Remi, Bruyere, Heming, Nicholas, Renault, Alain, Kuperminc, Emmanuelle, Brun-Buisson, Christian, Megarbane, Bruno, Quenot, Jean-Pierre, Siami, Shidasp, Cariou, Alain, Forceville, Xavier, Schwebel, Carole, Leone, Marc, Timsit, Jean-Francois, Misset, Benoît, Benali, Mohamed Ali, Colin, Gwenhael, Souweine, Bertrand, Asehnoune, Karim, Mercier, Emmanuelle, Chimot, Loïc, Charpentier, Claire, François, Bruno, Boulain, Thierry, Petitpas, Frank, Constantin, Jean Michel, Dhonneur, Gilles, Baudin, François, Combes, Alain, Bohé, Julien, Loriferne, Jean-François, Cook, Fabrice, Slama, Michel, Leroy, Olivier, Capellier, Gilles, Dargent, Auguste, Hissem, Tarik, Bounab, Rania, Maxime, Virginie, Moine, Pierre, Bellissant, Eric, and Annane, Djillali
Published: 2024
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22. Hydrocortisone plus fludrocortisone for community acquired pneumonia-related septic shock: a subgroup analysis of the APROCCHSS phase 3 randomised trial

Author: Heming, Nicholas, primary, Renault, Alain, additional, Kuperminc, Emmanuelle, additional, Brun-Buisson, Christian, additional, Megarbane, Bruno, additional, Quenot, Jean-Pierre, additional, Siami, Shidasp, additional, Cariou, Alain, additional, Forceville, Xavier, additional, Schwebel, Carole, additional, Leone, Marc, additional, Timsit, Jean-Francois, additional, Misset, Benoît, additional, Benali, Mohamed Ali, additional, Colin, Gwenhael, additional, Souweine, Bertrand, additional, Asehnoune, Karim, additional, Mercier, Emmanuelle, additional, Chimot, Loïc, additional, Charpentier, Claire, additional, François, Bruno, additional, Boulain, Thierry, additional, Petitpas, Frank, additional, Constantin, Jean Michel, additional, Dhonneur, Gilles, additional, Baudin, François, additional, Combes, Alain, additional, Bohé, Julien, additional, Loriferne, Jean-François, additional, Cook, Fabrice, additional, Slama, Michel, additional, Leroy, Olivier, additional, Capellier, Gilles, additional, Dargent, Auguste, additional, Hissem, Tarik, additional, Bounab, Rania, additional, Maxime, Virginie, additional, Moine, Pierre, additional, Bellissant, Eric, additional, Annane, Djillali, additional, Djillali, ANNANE, additional, Christian, BRUN-BUISSON, additional, Benoit, MISSET, additional, Jean, CHASTRE, additional, François, BRIVET, additional, Julien, BOHE, additional, Carole, SCHWEBEL, additional, Shidasp, SIAMI, additional, Michel, SLAMA, additional, Olivier, LEROY, additional, Gilles, CAPELLIER, additional, Michel, WOLFF, additional, Mohamed, ALI BEN ALI, additional, François, ANTONINI, additional, Jean-François, LORIFERNE, additional, Franck, PETITPAS, additional, Claire, CHARPENTIER, additional, Jean-Michel, CONSTANTIN, additional, Gilles, D'HONNEUR, additional, Bertrand, SOUWEINE, additional, Xavier, FORCEVILLE, additional, Bruno, MEGARBANE, additional, Francois, BAUDIN, additional, Gwenhaël, COLIN, additional, Karim, ASEHNOUNE, additional, Jean-Pierre, QUENOT, additional, Bruno, FRANCOIS, additional, Thierry, BOULAIN, additional, Emmanuelle, MERCIER, additional, Jean, REIGNIER, additional, Roland, AMATHIEU, additional, Fabrice, COOK, additional, Alain, CARIOU, additional, Loic, CHIMOT, additional, Fouad, Fadel, additional, Andrea, Polito, additional, Bernard, Clair, additional, Virginie, Maxime, additional, David, Luis, additional, Tarek, Sharshar, additional, David, Orlikowski, additional, Keyvan, RAZAZI, additional, Nicolas, DE PROST, additional, Guillaume, CARTEAUX, additional, Maité, GARROUSTE ORGEAS, additional, François, Philippart, additional, Alain, Combes, additional, Ania, Nieszkowska, additional, Frederic, Jacobs, additional, Dominique, Prat, additional, Patrick, Lafforgue, additional, Claire, ARA SOMOHANO, additional, Clémence, MINET, additional, Maxime, LUGOSI, additional, Julien, Maizel, additional, Jean Christophe, Navellou, additional, Bruno, Mourvillier, additional, Lila, Bouadma, additional, Jean François, Timsit, additional, Claude Denis, Martin, additional, Julien, Textoris, additional, Sandrine, Wiramus, additional, Clément, BRUN, additional, Benoît, RAGONNET, additional, Ali, Ait-Hssain, additional, Samia, Touati, additional, Jean, Kuba, additional, Vincent, Willems, additional, Pierre, Lahillaire, additional, Mohammed, Lassi, additional, Marion, ANTONA, additional, Alia, MEGHENEM, additional, Marine, DEMESMAY, additional, Eric, Boulet, additional, Olivier, LOUTREL, additional, Romain, DUMONT, additional, Antoine, ROQUILLY, additional, Pierre-Joachim, MAHE, additional, Dominique, DEMEURE dit LATTE, additional, Philippe, CHAMPIN, additional, Jean François, ARNOULD, additional, Raphaël, CINOTTI, additional, Ronan, Le FLOCH, additional, Marc, Clavel, additional, Philippe, Vignon, additional, Nicolas, Pichon, additional, Emmanuelle, BEGOT, additional, Anne-Laure, FEDOU, additional, Catherine, CHAPELLAS, additional, Antoine, GALY, additional, Dalila, Benzekri Lefevre, additional, Armelle, Mathonnet, additional, Anne, Bretagnol, additional, Isabelle, Runge, additional, François, BARBIER, additional, Grégoire, MULLER, additional, Denis, GAROT, additional, Pierre François, DEQUIN, additional, Dominique, PERROTIN, additional, Annick, LEGRAS, additional, Julie, MANKIKIAN, additional, Patrice, TALEC, additional, Stephan, EHRMANN, additional, Aurélie, JORET, additional, Claire, LHOMMET, additional, Emmanuelle, ROUVE, additional, Laetitia, BODET-CONTENTIN, additional, Youenn, JOUAN, additional, Charlotte, SALMONGANDONNIERE, additional, Laurent, MARTIN-LEFEVRE, additional, Matthieu, HENRY-LAGARRIGUE, additional, Aihem, YEHIA, additional, Jean-Baptiste, LASCARROU, additional, Christine, LEBERT, additional, Jean-Claude, LACHERADE, additional, Eric, LEVESQUE, additional, Yen-Lan, NGUYEN, additional, Fabrice, DAVIAUD, additional, Adrien, BOUGLE, additional, Jean Paul, MIRA, additional, Jean Daniel, CHICHE, additional, Frederic, PENE, additional, Tristan, MORICHAU-BEAUCHANT, additional, Guillaume, GERI, additional, Pierre Henri, DESSALLES, additional, Yannick, MONSEAU, additional, Mélanie, SAINT-LEGER, additional, Sandrine, BEDON-CARTE, additional, Laetitia, Bodet-Contentin, additional, Walid, Darwiche, additional, Stephan, Ehrmann, additional, Denis, Garot, additional, Antoine, Guillon, additional, Youenn, Jouan, additional, Annick, Legras, additional, Julie, Mankikian, additional, Emmanuelle, Mercier, additional, Marlene, Morisseau, additional, Yonatan, Perez, additional, Emmanuelle, Rouve, additional, Charlotte, Salmon-Gandonniere, additional, Julie, Helms, additional, Hassene, Rahmani, additional, Alexandra, Monnier, additional, Hamid, Merdji, additional, Raphael, Clere-Jehl, additional, Laure, Stiel, additional, Antoine, Studer, additional, Pascal, Andreu, additional, Jean-Baptiste, Roudaut, additional, Marie, Labruyere, additional, Marine, Jacquier, additional, Francois, Barbier, additional, Dalila, Benzekri, additional, Thierry, Boulain, additional, Sophie, Jacquier, additional, Gregoire, Muller, additional, Mai-Anh, Nai, additional, Sophie, Tollec, additional, Damien, Roux, additional, Jonathan, Messika, additional, Constance, Vuillard, additional, Louis-Marie, Dumont, additional, Laura, Federici, additional, Noemie, Zucman, additional, Marc, Amouretti, additional, Djillali, Annane, additional, Pierre, Moine, additional, Paris, Meng, additional, Rania, Bounab, additional, Muriel-Sarah, Fartoukh, additional, Michel, Djibre, additional, Alexandre, Elabbadi, additional, Marie-Ange, Azais, additional, Konstantinos, Bachoumas, additional, Arthur, Bailly, additional, Remi, Bernardon, additional, Gauthier, Blonz, additional, Luc, Desmedt, additional, Brian, Emonet, additional, Maud, Fiancette, additional, Matthieu, Henry, additional, Jean-Claude, Lacherade, additional, Jean-Baptiste, Lascarrou, additional, Christine, Lebert, additional, Julien, Lorber, additional, Laurent Martin-, Lefevre, additional, Caroline, Pouplet, additional, Isabelle, Vinatier, additional, Aihem, Yehia, additional, Sarah, Benghanem, additional, Julien, Charpentier, additional, Clara, Vigneron, additional, Anne-Laure, Fedou, additional, Claire, Mancia, additional, Emmanuelle, Begot, additional, Thomas, Daix, additional, Antoine, Galy, additional, Celine, Gonzalez, additional, Marine, Goudelin, additional, Bruno, Evrard, additional, Arnaud, Desachy, additional, Julien, Vaidie, additional, Guillaume, Gilbert, additional, Cedric, Darreau, additional, Benoit, Derrien, additional, Marjorie, Saint-Martin, additional, Patrice, Tirot, additional, Mickael, Landais, additional, Nicolas, Chudeau, additional, Jean Christophe, Callahan, additional, Dominique, Vivier, additional, Charlene, Le Moal, additional, Pierre-Yves, Olivier, additional, Remy, Marnai, additional, Francis, Schneider, additional, Nicolas, Sedillot, additional, Xavier, Tchenio, additional, Adrien, Robine, additional, Yves, Poncelin, additional, and Remi, Bruyere, additional
Published: 2024
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23. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in COVID-19 Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Units: Relapse, Therapeutic Failure and Attributable Mortality—A Multicentric Observational Study from the OutcomeRea Network

Author: Paul-Henri Wicky, Claire Dupuis, Charles Cerf, Shidasp Siami, Yves Cohen, Virginie Laurent, Bruno Mourvillier, Jean Reignier, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Carole Schwebel, Stéphane Ruckly, Etienne de Montmollin, Niccolò Buetti, and Jean-François Timsit
Subjects: relapse, ventilator-associated pneumonia, COVID-19, General Medicine, mortality, treatment failure
Abstract: Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence is high among critically ill COVID-19 patients. Its attributable mortality remains underestimated, especially for unresolved episodes. Indeed, the impact of therapeutic failures and the determinants that potentially affect mortality are poorly evaluated. We assessed the prognosis of VAP in severe COVID-19 cases and the impact of relapse, superinfection, and treatment failure on 60-day mortality. Methods: We evaluated the incidence of VAP in a multicenter prospective cohort that included adult patients with severe COVID-19, who required mechanical ventilation for ≥48 h between March 2020 and June 2021. We investigated the risk factors for 30-day and 60-day mortality, and the factors associated with relapse, superinfection, and treatment failure. Results: Among 1424 patients admitted to eleven centers, 540 were invasively ventilated for 48 h or more, and 231 had VAP episodes, which were caused by Enterobacterales (49.8%), P. aeruginosa (24.8%), and S. aureus (22%). The VAP incidence rate was 45.6/1000 ventilator days, and the cumulative incidence at Day 30 was 60%. VAP increased the duration of mechanical ventilation without modifying the crude 60-day death rate (47.6% vs. 44.7% without VAP) and resulted in a 36% increase in death hazard. Late-onset pneumonia represented 179 episodes (78.2%) and was responsible for a 56% increase in death hazard. The cumulative incidence rates of relapse and superinfection were 45% and 39.5%, respectively, but did not impact death hazard. Superinfection was more frequently related to ECMO and first episode of VAP caused by non-fermenting bacteria. The risk factors for treatment failure were an absence of highly susceptible microorganisms and vasopressor need at VAP onset. Conclusions: The incidence of VAP, mainly late-onset episodes, is high in COVID-19 patients and associated with an increased risk of death, similar to that observed in other mechanically ventilated patients. The high rate of VAP due to difficult-to-treat microorganisms, pharmacokinetic alterations induced by renal replacement therapy, shock, and ECMO likely explains the high cumulative risk of relapse, superinfection, and treatment failure.
Published: 2023
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24. Outcomes in Critically Ill HIV-infected patients between 1997 and 2020: analysis of the OUTCOMEREA multicenter cohort

Author: Antoine Gaillet, Elie Azoulay, Etienne de Montmollin, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Yves Cohen, Claire Dupuis, Carole Schwebel, Jean Reignier, Shidasp Siami, Laurent Argaud, Christophe Adrie, Bruno Mourvillier, Stéphane Ruckly, Jean-Marie Forel, and Jean-Francois Timsit
Subjects: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: Purpose Despite antiviral therapy (ART), 800,000 deaths still occur yearly and globally due to HIV infection. In parallel with the good virological control and the aging of this population, multiple comorbidities [HIV-associated-non-AIDS (HANA) conditions] may now be observed. Methods HIV adult patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) from all the French region from university and non-university hospital who participate to the OutcomeRea™ database on a voluntary basis over a 24-year period. Results Of the 24,298 stays registered, 630 (2.6%) were a first ICU stay for HIV patients. Over time, the mean age and number of comorbidities (diabetes, renal and respiratory history, solid neoplasia) of patients increased. The proportion of HIV diagnosed on ICU admission decreased significantly, while the median duration of HIV disease as well as the percentage of ART-treated patients increased. The distribution of main reasons for admission remained stable over time (acute respiratory distress > shock > coma). We observed a significant drop in the rate of active opportunistic infection on admission, while the rate of active hemopathy (newly diagnosed or relapsed within the last 6 months prior to admission to ICU) qualifying for AIDS increased—nonsignificantly—with a significant increase in the anticancer chemotherapy administration in ICU. Admissions for HANA or non-HIV reasons were stable over time. In multivariate analysis, predictors of 60-day mortality were advanced age, chronic liver disease, past chemotherapy, sepsis-related organ failure assessment score > 4 at admission, hospitalization duration before ICU admission > 24 h, AIDS status, but not the period of admission. Conclusion Whereas the profile of ICU-admitted HIV patients has evolved over time (HIV better controlled but more associated comorbidities), mortality risk factors remain stable, including AIDS status.
Published: 2022
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25. Effect of early treatment with polyvalent immunoglobulin on acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections (ICAR trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author: Christine Rieu, Fernando A. Bozza, Letizia Mancusi, Aurélien Mazeraud, Philippe Aegerter, Tarek Sharshar, Bruno Gonçalves, Shidasp Siami, Khaoussou Sylla, HAL UVSQ, Équipe, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Cité - UFR Médecine [Santé] (UPCité UFR Médecine), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Instituto Estadual do cerebro Paulo Niemeyer, Centre Hospitalier Sud Essonnes, and This trial is funded by the Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique. TheLaboratoire Français du Biofractionnement provided the drugs at no-cost.None of them had any role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.
Subjects: ARDS, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, law.invention, Study Protocol, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Activities of Daily Living, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, lcsh:R5-920, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Mortality rate, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, Intensive care unit, Survival Rate, Intensive Care Units, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.IMM.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, lcsh:Medicine (General), medicine.medical_specialty, Lung injury, Placebo, 03 medical and health sciences, Double-Blind Method, Early Medical Intervention, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Survival rate, Mechanical ventilation, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, [SDV.IMM.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, Length of Stay, medicine.disease, Respiration, Artificial, Functional Status, Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic, Polyvalent immunoglobulin, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, business
Abstract: Background As of mid-June 2020, 7,500,000 people were infected with SARS-CoV-2 worldwide and 420,000 people died, mainly from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). COVID-19-related ARDS is subject to a mortality rate of 50% and prolonged period of mechanical ventilation, with no specific pharmacological treatment currently available (Infection au nouveau Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19, France et Monde. https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/dossiers/coronavirus-covid-19). Because of its immunomodulatory action, we propose to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) administration in patients developing COVID-19-related ARDS. Methods The trial is a phase III double-blind, randomized, multicenter, parallel group, concurrent, controlled study in hospitalized participants with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation using a sequential design. Participants in the treatment group will receive infusions of polyvalent immunoglobulin for 4 consecutive days, and the placebo group will receive an equivalent volume of sodium chloride 0.9% for the same duration. The primary outcome is the number of ventilator-free days up to the 28th day. Secondary objectives are to evaluate the effect of IVIG on (1) organ failure according to the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at 14 and 28 days, (2) lung injury score at 14 and 28 days, (3) the occurrence of grade 3 or 4 adverse events of IVIG, (4) length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, (5) length of hospital stay, (6) functional outcomes at day 90 defined by the activities of daily living and instrumental activities of the daily living scales, and (7) 90-day survival. One hundred thirty-eight subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to IVIG or placebo groups (69 in each group), considering 90% power, alpha level 0.05 (two sides), and 0.67 effect size level. Discussion The ICAR trial investigates the effect of IVIG in COVID-19-related ARDS. We expect an increase in the survival rate and a reduction in the duration of mechanical ventilation, which is associated with significant morbidity. Trial registration EudraCT 2020-001570-30. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04350580. Registered on 17 April 2020
Published: 2021
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26. COVID-19 increased the risk of ICU-acquired bloodstream infections: a case–cohort study from the multicentric OUTCOMEREA network

Author: Nicolas Terzi, Claire Dupuis, Shidasp Siami, Etienne de Montmollin, Niccolò Buetti, Jean Reignier, Jean-François Timsit, Yves Cohen, and Stéphane Ruckly
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Original, health care facilities, manpower, and services, Bloodstream infection, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Tocilizumab, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Anesthesiology, Sepsis, medicine, Humans, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Anakinra, Cross Infection, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, SARS-CoV-2, Correction, COVID-19, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Intensive Care Units, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, Cohort, ICU, Female, France, business, Hospital-acquired, Cohort study, medicine.drug
Abstract: Purpose The primary objective of this study was to investigate the risk of ICU bloodstream infection (BSI) in critically ill COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients. Subsequently, we performed secondary analyses in order to explain the observed results. Methods We conducted a matched case-cohort study, based on prospectively collected data from a large ICU cohort in France. Critically ill COVID-19 patients were matched with similar non-COVID-19 patients. ICU-BSI was defined by an infection onset occurring > 48 h after ICU admission. We estimated the effect of COVID-19 on the probability to develop an ICU-BSI using proportional subdistribution hazards models. Results We identified 321 COVID-19 patients and 1029 eligible controls in 6 ICUs. Finally, 235 COVID-19 patients were matched with 235 non-COVID-19 patients. We observed 43 ICU-BSIs, 35 (14.9%) in the COVID-19 group and 8 (3.4%) in the non-COVID-19 group (p ≤ 0.0001), respectively. ICU-BSIs of COVID-19 patients were more frequently of unknown source (47.4%). COVID-19 patients had an increased probability to develop ICU-BSI, especially after 7 days of ICU admission. Using proportional subdistribution hazards models, COVID-19 increased the daily risk to develop ICU-BSI (sHR 4.50, 95% CI 1.82–11.16, p = 0.0012). Among COVID-19 patients (n = 235), a significantly increased risk for ICU-BSI was detected in patients who received tocilizumab or anakinra (sHR 3.20, 95% CI 1.31–7.81, p = 0.011) but not corticosteroids. Conclusions Using prospectively collected multicentric data, we showed that the ICU-BSI risk was higher for COVID-19 than non-COVID-19 critically ill patients after seven days of ICU stay. Clinicians should be particularly careful on late ICU-BSIs in COVID-19 patients. Tocilizumab or anakinra may increase the ICU-BSI risk. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00134-021-06346-w.
Published: 2021

27. Comparison of prognostic factors between bacteraemic and non-bacteraemic critically ill immunocompetent patients in community-acquired severe pneumococcal pneumonia: a STREPTOGENE sub-study

Author: Anne Veinstein, Jean Paul Mira, Benoit Misset, Jean Reignier, Kader Ouchenir, Hugo Bellut, Frédéric Jacobs, Yves Le Tulzo, Anthony Dugard, Shidasp Siami, Raphaël Porcher, Armelle Mathonnet, Sebastien Preau, Jean Philippe Rigaud, Pierre Asfar, Bertrand Souweine, Arnaud Galbois, Joel Cousson, Florent Dewavrin, Bruno Mégarbane, Olivier Baldesi, Jean Pierre Bedos, E. Varon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'épidémiologie Clinique [Hôtel-Dieu], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Hôtel Dieu, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), CHI Créteil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique [Hôpital Lariboisière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital de la source, Hôpital Dupuytren [CHU Limoges], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Hôpital Louis Pasteur [Chartres], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Albert Calmette, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier du Pays d'Aix, Service de réanimation polyvalente [Centre Hospitalier de Dieppe], Centre hospitalier de Dieppe, CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre hospitalier Saint-Joseph [Paris], AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Centre hospitalier [Valenciennes, Nord], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], and dormoy, valerian
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Severe community-acquired pneumonia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology, Intensive care, Internal medicine, Pneumococcal bacteraemia, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Case fatality rate, medicine, Blood culture, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, RC86-88.9, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Research, Pneumococcal pneumonia, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Pneumonia, Macrolides, business, Fluoroquinolones
Abstract: Background The presence of bacteraemia in pneumococcal pneumonia in critically ill patients does not appear to be a strong independent prognostic factor in the existing literature. However, there may be a specific pattern of factors associated with mortality for ICU patients with bacteraemic pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to compare the factors associated with mortality, according to the presence of bacteraemia or not on admission, for patients hospitalised in intensive care for severe pneumococcal CAP. Methods This was a post hoc analysis of data from the prospective, observational, multicentre STREPTOGENE study in immunocompetent Caucasian adults admitted to intensive care in France between 2008 and 2012 for pneumococcal CAP. Patients were divided into two groups based on initial blood culture (positive vs. negative) for Streptococcus pneumoniae. The primary outcome was hospital mortality, which was compared between the two groups using odds ratios according to predefined variables to search for a prognostic interaction present in bacterial patients but not non-bacteraemic patients. Potential differences in the distribution of serotypes between the two groups were assessed. The prognostic consequences of the presence or not of initial bi-antibiotic therapy were assessed, specifically in bacteraemic patients. Results Among 614 included patients, 274 had a blood culture positive for S. pneumoniae at admission and 340 did not. The baseline difference between the groups was more frequent leukopaenia (26% vs. 14%, p = 0.0002) and less frequent pre-hospital antibiotic therapy (10% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.024) for the bacteraemic patients. Hospital mortality was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.11). We did not observe any prognostic factors specific to the bacteraemic patient population, as the statistical comparison of the odds ratios, as an indication of the association between the predefined prognostic parameters and mortality, showed them to be similar for the two groups. Bacteraemic patients more often had invasive serotypes but less often serotypes associated with high case fatality rates (p = 0.003). The antibiotic regimens were similar for the two groups. There was no difference in mortality for patients in either group given a beta-lactam alone vs. a beta-lactam combined with a macrolide or fluoroquinolone. Conclusion Bacteraemia had no influence on the mortality of immunocompetent Caucasian adults admitted to intensive care for severe pneumococcal CAP, regardless of the profile of the associated prognostic factors.
Published: 2021
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28. Absence of fear of dying predicts new organ failure: Results of a multicenter prospective observational cohort study

Author: Raphaël Porcher, Aurélien Mazeraud, Marion Antona, Cassia Righy, S Sivanandamoorthy, Fernando Bozza, Tarek Sharshar, Annabelle Stoclin, Andrea Polito, Shidasp Siami, and Guillaume Turc
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine, business, Cohort study
Abstract: Rationale: Intensity of anxiety at admission in intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with subsequent deterioration.Objective: The primary aim of this study was to assess predictive value of stressful fears and feelings to predict new organ failure within the first seven days after ICU admission.Methods: We conducted a prospective three-center cohort study of non-comatose patients without delirium or invasive mechanical ventilation. A twelve-item questionnaire was developed to assess stressful fears and feelings. Illness severity was assessed using SAPS-II and SOFA scores. Intensity of chronic and acute anxiety was assessed with the ‘Trait’ and ‘State’ forms of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Patients were followed-up for seven days. Results: From April 2014 to December 2017, 373 patients (median age, 63y.o. [49-74]; 159 [40.7%] women; SAPS-II 28 [19-37]) were included. Feeling of vulnerability and fear of dying was reported in 209 (54.4%) and 178 (46.4%) patients, respectively. STAI was equal or above 40 in 192 (51.5%) patients. Ninety-four (25.2%) patients developed a new organ failure. Feeling of vulnerability (OR=1.96, 95%CI:1.12-3.43], p=0.01) and absence of fear of dying (OR=2.38, 95%CI:1.37-4.17], p=0.002) were associated with occurrence of a new organ failure after adjustment on STAI ≥40, SAPS-II and SOFA. Conclusion: Absence of fear of dying is associated with occurrence of new organ failure within the seven post-ICU admission days. We hypothesize that fear of dying might be protective for subsequent deterioration by mobilizing patient’s homeostatic resources. Trial registration: NCT02355626
Published: 2021
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29. Prognostic Factors of Severe Bacteraemic Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Critically Ill Immunocompetent Patients: A STREPTOGENE Sub-Study

Author: Hugo Bellut, Anne Veinstein, Frédéric Jacobs, Raphaël Porcher, Jean Reignier, Sébastien Preau, Yves Le Tulzo, Jean-Paul Mira, Olivier Baldesi, E. Varon, Jean Pierre Bedos, Kader Ouchenir, Bertrand Souweine, Shidasp Siami, Anthony Dugard, Armelle Mathonnet, Pierre Asfar, Jean Philippe Rigaud, Arnaud Galbois, Bruno Mégarbane, Joel Cousson, Florent Dewavrin, and Benoit Misset
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Critically ill, Pneumococcal pneumonia, medicine, medicine.disease, Intensive care medicine, business
Abstract: Background: The presence of bacteraemia in pneumococcal pneumonia in critically ill patient does not appear to be a strong prognostic factor on its own from the existing literature, but there may be a specific pattern of factors associated with mortality in ICU patients with bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).We aimed to identify factors associated with mortality in patients admitted to intensive care for severe bacteraemic CAP. Methods: This is a post-hoc analysis of data from the prospective, observational, multicentre STREPTOGENE study in immunocompetent Caucasian adults admitted to intensive care in France, between 2008 and 2012, for bacteraemic pneumococcal CAP documented by culture and/or urinary antigenuria. Patients were divided into two groups based on initial blood culture positivity for Streptococcus pneumoniae. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. Serotypes of 339 S. pneumoniae strains were determined. Results: Of 614 included patients, 274 did and 340 did not have a blood culture positive for S. pneumoniae at admission. The only baseline difference between the groups was more frequent leukopenia in bacteraemic patients (26% vs. 14%, p =0.0002). Hospital mortality was not significantly different between groups ( p =0.11). The associations between the various prognostic parameters studied and mortality were similar in the two groups. Bacteraemic patients more often had invasive serotypes but less often had serotypes associated with high case-fatality rates ( p =0.003). Antibiotic regimens were similar in the two groups. In neither group was mortality different in patients given a beta-lactam alone vs. a beta-lactam combined with a macrolide or fluoroquinolone. Interpretation: In immunocompetent Caucasian adults admitted to intensive care for severe pneumococcal CAP, bacteraemia had no influence on mortality, regardless of the prognostic factor profile. A prospective randomised trial is warranted to confirm the absence of superiority of one treatment over others.
Published: 2021
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30. Impact of a Postintensive Care Unit Multidisciplinary Follow-up on the Quality of Life (SUIVI-REA): Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

Author: Diane Friedman, Lamiae Grimaldi, Alain Cariou, Philippe Aegerter, Stéphane Gaudry, Abdel Ben Salah, Haikel Oueslati, Bruno Megarbane, Nicolas Meunier-Beillard, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Carole Schwebel, Laurent Jacob, Ségloène Robin Lagandré, Pierre Kalfon, Romain Sonneville, Shidasp Siami, Aurelien Mazeraud, and Tarek Sharshar
Abstract: BACKGROUND Critically ill patients are at risk of developing a postintensive care syndrome (PICS), which is characterized by physical, psychological, and cognitive impairments and which dramatically impacts the patient’s quality of life (QoL). No intervention has been shown to improve QoL. We hypothesized that a medical, psychological, and social follow-up would improve QoL by mitigating the PICS. OBJECTIVE This multicenter, randomized controlled trial (SUIVI-REA) aims to compare a multidisciplinary follow-up with a standard postintensive care unit (ICU) follow-up. METHODS Patients were randomized to the control or intervention arm. In the intervention arm, multidisciplinary follow-up involved medical, psychological, and social evaluation at ICU discharge and at 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. In the placebo group, patients were seen only at 12 months by the multidisciplinary team. Baseline characteristics at ICU discharge were collected for all patients. The primary outcome was QoL at 1 year, assessed using the Euro Quality of Life-5 dimensions (EQ5D). Secondary outcomes were mortality, cognitive, psychological, and functional status; social and professional reintegration; and the rate of rehospitalization and outpatient consultations at 1 year. RESULTS The study was funded by the Ministry of Health in June 2010. It was approved by the Ethics Committee on July 8, 2011. The first and last patient were randomized on December 20, 2012, and September 1, 2017, respectively. A total of 546 patients were enrolled across 11 ICUs. At present, data management is ongoing, and all parties involved in the trial remain blinded. CONCLUSIONS The SUVI-REA multicenter randomized controlled trial aims to assess whether a post-ICU multidisciplinary follow-up improves QoL at 1 year. CLINICALTRIAL Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01796509; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01796509 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/30496
Published: 2021
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31. Impact of Early Corticosteroids on 60-day Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Cohort Study of the OUTCOMEREA Network

Author: Marc Gainnier, Bruno Mourvillier, Shidasp Siami, Carole Schwebel, Julien Domitile, Corinne Alberti, Niccolò Buetti, Virginie Laurent, Etienne de Montmollin, Stéphane Ruckly, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Jean Reignier, Moreno Ursino, Sébastien Bailly, Bertrand Souweine, Mathilde Neuville, Jean-François Timsit, Claire Dupuis, Service d'anesthésie - réanimation chirurgicale [CHU Bichat], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, Groupe Hospitalier Intercommunal Le Raincy-Montfermeil, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), Hôpital Michallon, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Faculté de Médecine - Clermont-Auvergne (FM - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), F-CRIN PARTNERS Platform [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Sud Essonnes, Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE (U1123 / UMR_S_1123)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), UFR Médecine [Santé] - Université Paris Cité (UFR Médecine UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Hypoxie et PhysioPathologie (HP2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CHU Grenoble, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Male, Viral Diseases, Time Factors, Pulmonology, Epidemiology, Nosocomial Infections, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Community Networks, Cohort Studies, Medical Conditions, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Medicine and Health Sciences, Hospital Mortality, Immune Response, Multidisciplinary, Organic Compounds, Mortality rate, Middle Aged, Hospitals, Intensive Care Units, Chemistry, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, SAPS II, Physical Sciences, Population study, Medicine, Female, Steroids, France, Cohort study, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Death Rates, Critical Illness, Science, Immunology, Drug Administration Schedule, Signs and Symptoms, Population Metrics, Internal medicine, Early Medical Intervention, medicine, Humans, Survival analysis, Aged, Mechanical ventilation, Inflammation, Population Biology, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Chemical Compounds, COVID-19, Biology and Life Sciences, Covid 19, Pneumonia, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, Respiration, Artificial, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Health Care, Health Care Facilities, Medical Risk Factors, Clinical Medicine, business
Abstract: Objectives In severe COVID-19 pneumonia, the appropriate timing and dosing of corticosteroids (CS) is not known. Patient subgroups for which CS could be more beneficial also need appraisal. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of early CS in COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted to the ICU on the occurrence of 60-day mortality, ICU-acquired-bloodstream infections(ICU-BSI), and hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia(HAP-VAP). Methods We included patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to 11 ICUs belonging to the French OutcomeReaTM network from January to May 2020. We used survival models with ponderation with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Results The study population comprised 303 patients having a median age of 61.6 (53–70) years of whom 78.8% were male and 58.6% had at least one comorbidity. The median SAPS II was 33 (25–44). Invasive mechanical ventilation was required in 34.8% of the patients. Sixty-six (21.8%) patients were in the Early-C subgroup. Overall, 60-day mortality was 29.4%. The risks of 60-day mortality (IPTWHR = 0.86;95% CI 0.54 to 1.35, p = 0.51), ICU-BSI and HAP-VAP were similar in the two groups. Importantly, early CS treatment was associated with a lower mortality rate in patients aged 60 years or more (IPTWHR, 0.53;95% CI, 0.3–0.93; p = 0.03). In contrast, CS was associated with an increased risk of death in patients younger than 60 years without inflammation on admission (IPTWHR = 5.01;95% CI, 1.05, 23.88; p = 0.04). Conclusion For patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, early CS treatment was not associated with patient survival. Interestingly, inflammation and age can significantly influence the effect of CS.
Published: 2021
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32. Association Between Anxiety and New Organ Failure, Independently of Critical Illness Severity and Respiratory Status: A Prospective Multicentric Cohort Study

Author: Nicholas Heming, Shidasp Siami, Fernando A. Bozza, Groupe d’Explorations Neurologiques en Réanimation, Raphaël Gaillard, Marion Antona, Aurélien Mazeraud, S Sivanandamoorthy, François Blot, Andrea Polito, Tarik Hissem, Fabrice Chrétien, Tarek Sharshar, Annabelle Stoclin, Raphaël Porcher, and Djillali Annane
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Organ Dysfunction Scores, Critical Illness, Multiple Organ Failure, Anxiety, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, Clinical endpoint, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, APACHE, Aged, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Respiratory Function Tests, Intensive Care Units, 030228 respiratory system, Respiratory failure, Delirium, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Respiratory Insufficiency, Cohort study
Abstract: Objectives Anxiety results from the anticipation of a threat and might be associated with poor outcome in the critically ill. This study aims at showing that anxiety at admission in critically ill patients is associated with new organ failure over the first 7 days of ICU hospitalization independently of baseline organ failure at admission. Design Prospective multicenter cohort study. Setting Three mixed ICU from April 2014 to December 2017. Patients Coma-, delirium-, and invasive mechanical ventilation-free patients admitted to the ICU were included. Interventions None. Measurements and main results "State anxiety" was assessed using the state component of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State. Severity of illness was measured using Simplified Acute Physiology Score II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores. Primary endpoint was a composite of occurrence of death or new organ failure in the first 7 days after admission. Three hundred ninety-one patients were included; 159 of 391 women (40.7%); median age 63 years (49-74 yr); median Simplified Acute Physiology Score II 28 (19-37). Two hundred three out of 391 patients (51.9%) reported moderate to severe anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State ≥ 40). One hundred two out of 391 patients (26.1%) developed a new organ failure. After adjustment to Simplified Acute Physiology Score II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State greater than or equal to 40 was associated with the primary endpoint (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.18-3.18; p = 0.009) and respiratory failure. In post hoc analysis, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State greater than or equal to 40 was associated with new organ failure independently and notably of respiratory status at admission (dyspnea-Visual Analogic Scale and PaCO2 ≥ 45 mm Hg). Conclusions Moderate to severe anxiety at ICU admission is associated with early occurrence of new organ failure in critically ill patients, independently of respiratory status and severity of critical illness. The causality link could be addressed in an interventional trial.
Published: 2020

33. Withholding and Withdrawal of Life Support in Mechanically Ventilated Stroke Patients

Author: Etienne de Montmollin, Carole Schwebel, Claire Dupuis, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Daniel da Silva, Elie Azoulay, Virginie Laurent, Guillaume Thiéry, Alexandra Grinea, Guillaume Marcotte, Johanna Oziel, Marc Gainnier, Shidasp Siami, Jean Reignier, Benjamin Sztrymf, Christophe Adrie, Stephane Ruckly, Romain Sonneville, and Jean-François Timsit
Subjects: cardiovascular diseases
Abstract: Background. The determinants of decisions to limit life support (withholding or withdrawal) in ventilated stroke patients have been poorly investigated.Methods. In a prospective multicenter observational cohort (2005-2016), we evaluated limitation of life support in ventilated stroke patients compared to a non-brain-injured population and identified factors associated with such decisions in stroke patients using Fine and Gray competing risk models.Results. We identified 373 stroke patients (ischemic, n=167 (45%); hemorrhagic, n=206 (55%)), and 5683 non-brain-injured patients. Decisions to limit life support were taken in 41% of ischemic stroke cases (vs. non-brain-injured patients, sHR 3.59 [95% CI 2.78-4.65]) and in 33% of hemorrhagic stroke cases (vs. non-brain-injured patients, sHR 3.9 [95% CI 2.97-5.11]). Time from ICU admission to the first limitation was longer in ischemic than in hemorrhagic stroke (5 [3 - 9] vs 2 [1 - 6] days, p70 years (2.29 [1.43 - 3.69]), a Glasgow scoreConclusions. In ventilated stroke patients, decisions to limit life support are more than 3 times more frequent than in non-brain injured patients, with different timing and associated risk factors between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
Published: 2020
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34. One-year survival in acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter cohort study

Author: Johana Oziel, Stéphane Ruckly, Claire Dupuis, Shidasp Siami, Daniel da Silva, Guillaume Thiery, Marc Gainnier, Michael Darmon, Jean Reignier, Christophe Adrie, Benjamin Sztrymf, Jean-François Timsit, Romain Sonneville, Virginie Laurent, Etienne de Montmollin, Guillaume Marcotte, Nicolas Terzi, and Maité Garrouste-Orgeas
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Intracranial hemorrhage, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Mechanical ventilation, Intensive care, medicine, Intubation, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, cardiovascular diseases, Stroke, Ischemic stroke, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Research, Hazard ratio, lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Glasgow Coma Scale, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, lcsh:RC86-88.9, medicine.disease, Endotracheal intubation, Emergency medicine, SOFA score, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Most prognostic studies in acute stroke patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation are outdated and have limitations such as single-center retrospective designs. We aimed to study the association of ICU admission factors, including the reason for intubation, with 1-year survival of acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Methods We conducted a secondary data use analysis of a prospective multicenter database (14 ICUs) between 1997 and 2016 on consecutive ICU stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation at admission. We excluded patients with stroke of traumatic origin, subdural hematoma or cerebral venous thrombosis. The primary outcome was survival 1 year after ICU admission. Factors associated with the primary outcome were identified using a multivariable Cox model stratified on inclusion center. Results We identified 419 patients (age 68 [58–76] years, males 60%) with a Glasgow coma score (GCS) of 4 [3–8] at admission. Stroke subtypes were acute ischemic stroke (AIS, 46%), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH, 42%) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH, 12%). At 1 year, 96 (23%) patients were alive. Factors independently associated with decreased 1-year survival were ICH and SAH stroke subtypes, a lower GCS score at admission, a higher non-neurological SOFA score. Conversely, patients receiving acute-phase therapy had improved 1-year survival. Intubation for acute respiratory failure or coma was associated with comparable survival hazard ratios, whereas intubation for seizure was not associated with a worse prognosis than for elective procedure. Survival did not improve over the study period, but patients included in the most recent period had more comorbidities and presented higher severity scores at admission. Conclusions In acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation, the reason for intubation and the opportunity to receive acute-phase stroke therapy were independently associated with 1-year survival. These variables could assist in the decision process regarding the initiation of mechanical ventilation in acute stroke patients.
Published: 2020

35. Association Between Body Weight Variation and Survival and Other Adverse Events in Critically Ill Patients With Shock

Author: Yves Cohen, Stéphane Ruckly, Laurent Argaud, Elie Azoulay, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Shidasp Siami, Jean-François Timsit, Antoine Gros, Jean-Marie Forel, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Guillaume Marcotte, Marc Gainnier, Carole Schwebel, Etienne de Montmollin, Claire Dupuis, Michael Darmon, and Alexandre Lautrette
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Critically ill, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, Body weight, 03 medical and health sciences, Pneumonia, 0302 clinical medicine, Multicenter study, Internal medicine, Shock (circulatory), medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Prospective cohort study, Adverse effect, Cohort study
Abstract: Objectives:This study in critically ill patients with shock assessed the prognostic value of body weight variations occurring each day from day 3 to day 7 on the 30-day outcome in terms of mortality, occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and of bedsore, and occurrence of length of stay.Desig
Published: 2018
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36. Additional file 4 of One-year survival in acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter cohort study

Author: Montmollin, Etienne De, Terzi, Nicolas, Dupuis, Claire, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Silva, Daniel Da, Darmon, Michaël, Laurent, Virginie, Thiéry, Guillaume, Oziel, Johana, Marcotte, Guillaume, Gainnier, Marc, Shidasp Siami, Sztrymf, Benjamin, Adrie, Christophe, Reignier, Jean, Stephane Ruckly, Sonneville, Romain, and Jean-François Timsit
Subjects: health care facilities, manpower, and services, humanities
Abstract: Additional file 4. Kaplan–Meier’s survival estimates of ICU survivors according to the mRS at ICU discharge.
Published: 2020
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37. Additional file 5 of One-year survival in acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter cohort study

Author: Montmollin, Etienne De, Terzi, Nicolas, Dupuis, Claire, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Silva, Daniel Da, Darmon, Michaël, Laurent, Virginie, Thiéry, Guillaume, Oziel, Johana, Marcotte, Guillaume, Gainnier, Marc, Shidasp Siami, Sztrymf, Benjamin, Adrie, Christophe, Reignier, Jean, Stephane Ruckly, Sonneville, Romain, and Jean-François Timsit
Abstract: Additional file 5. Stroke type, ICU admission Glasgow Coma Score and 1-year survival rates, according to inclusion period.
Published: 2020
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38. Additional file 3 of One-year survival in acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter cohort study

Author: Montmollin, Etienne De, Terzi, Nicolas, Dupuis, Claire, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Silva, Daniel Da, Darmon, Michaël, Laurent, Virginie, Thiéry, Guillaume, Oziel, Johana, Marcotte, Guillaume, Gainnier, Marc, Shidasp Siami, Sztrymf, Benjamin, Adrie, Christophe, Reignier, Jean, Stephane Ruckly, Sonneville, Romain, and Jean-François Timsit
Subjects: cardiovascular diseases
Abstract: Additional file 3. Patients characteristics and outcomes, according to the type of stroke.
Published: 2020
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39. Additional file 2 of One-year survival in acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter cohort study

Author: Montmollin, Etienne De, Terzi, Nicolas, Dupuis, Claire, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Silva, Daniel Da, Darmon, Michaël, Laurent, Virginie, Thiéry, Guillaume, Oziel, Johana, Marcotte, Guillaume, Gainnier, Marc, Shidasp Siami, Sztrymf, Benjamin, Adrie, Christophe, Reignier, Jean, Stephane Ruckly, Sonneville, Romain, and Jean-François Timsit
Abstract: Additional file 2. Characteristics of inclusion centers.
Published: 2020
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40. Additional file 1 of One-year survival in acute stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter cohort study

Author: Montmollin, Etienne De, Terzi, Nicolas, Dupuis, Claire, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Silva, Daniel Da, Darmon, Michaël, Laurent, Virginie, Thiéry, Guillaume, Oziel, Johana, Marcotte, Guillaume, Gainnier, Marc, Shidasp Siami, Sztrymf, Benjamin, Adrie, Christophe, Reignier, Jean, Stephane Ruckly, Sonneville, Romain, and Jean-François Timsit
Subjects: Data_FILES
Abstract: Additional file 1. Study flow diagram.
Published: 2020
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41. Correction to: Infection-related ventilator-associated complications in ICU patients colonised with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

Author: François, Barbier, Sébastien, Bailly, Carole, Schwebel, Laurent, Papazian, Élie, Azoulay, Hatem, Kallel, Shidasp, Siami, Laurent, Argaud, Guillaume, Marcotte, Benoît, Misset, Jean, Reignier, Michaël, Darmon, Jean-Ralph, Zahar, Dany, Goldgran-Toledano, Étienne, de Montmollin, Bertrand, Souweine, Bruno, Mourvillier, Jean-Francois, Timsit, and Sophie, Letrou
Subjects: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: The members of the OUTCOMEREA Study Group were provided in such a way that they could not be indexed as collaborators on PubMed. The publisher apologizes for this error and is pleased to list the members of the group here.
Published: 2018
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42. Ventilator-associated pneumonia due to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: Risk factors and outcome

Author: Sybille Merceron, Alban Le Monnier, Wafa Ibn Saied, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Johana Oziel, Shidasp Siami, Guillaume Marcotte, Elie Azoulay, Laurent Papazian, Stéphane Ruckly, Jean Reignier, Jean-François Timsit, Bertrand Souweine, Michael Darmon, Carole Schwebel, Lila Bouadma, Bruno Mourvillier, Etienne de Montmollin, Jean-Pierre Bedos, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph (hpsj), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Promotion et Développement de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement en Réanimation [Bobigny] (OUTCOMEREA), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Unité de soins intensifs médicaux et infectieux [AP-HP Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes, Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Centre Hospitalier d'Etampes
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Carbapenem, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 030106 microbiology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Mortality, Mechanical ventilation, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, biology, business.industry, SM, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Intensive care unit, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, respiratory tract diseases, Pneumonia, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, Carbapenems, SAPS II, GNB, ICU, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, VAP, SOFA score, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SM) is increasingly identified in intensive care unit (ICU). This study aim to identify risk factors for SM ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and whether it affects ICU mortality METHODS: Two nested matched case-control studies were performed based in OUTCOMEREA database. The first episodes of SM-VAP patients were matched with two different control groups: VAP due to other micro-organisms (VAP-other) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa VAP (Pyo-VAP). Matching criteria were the hospital, the SAPS II, and the previous duration of mechanical ventilation (MV).Results: Of the 102 SM-VAP patients (6.2% of all VAP patients), 92 were matched with 375 controls for the SM-VAP/other-VAP matching and 84 with 237 controls for the SM-VAP/Pyo-VAP matching. SM-VAP risk factors were an exposition to ureido/carboxypenicillin or carbapenem during the week before VAP, and respiratory and coagulation components of SOFA score upper to 2 before VAP. SM-VAP received early adequate therapy in 70 cases (68.6%). Risk factors for Day-30 were age (OR = 1.03; p < 0.01) and Chronic heart failure (OR = 3.15; p < 0.01). Adequate treatment, either monotherapy or combination of antimicrobials, did not modify mortality. There was no difference in 30-day mortality, but 60-day mortality was higher in patients with SM-VAP compared to Other-VAP (P = 0.056).Conclusions: In a large series, independent risk factors for the SM-VAP were ureido/carboxypenicillin or carbapenem exposure the week before VAP, and respiratory and coagulation components of the SOFA score > 2 before VAP. Mortality risk factors of SM-VAP were age and chronic heart failure. Adequate treatment did not improve SM-VAP prognosis.
Published: 2019
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43. Pneumonia in acute ischemic stroke patients requiring invasive ventilation: Impact on short and long-term outcomes

Author: Sybille Merceron, Mouhamed Djahoum Moussa, Yves Cohen, Hatem Kallel, P. Enguerrand, N. Brule, S. Guessens, C. Ouisse, Elie Azoulay, Elisabeth Coupez, J. Bohe, A. Mouaci, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Eric Mariotte, Martin Cour, V. Deiler, L. Ferrand, M. Simon, Shidasp Siami, Jean-Ralph Zahar, M. Nouacer, M. Lugosi, Jean-Pierre Quenot, I. Theodose, Gilles Troché, Christophe Adrie, Aguila Radjou, Guillaume Lacave, Antoine Gros, D. Maugars, S. Bekkhouche, Steven Grangé, O. Zambon, T. Hissem, Romain Sonneville, C. Cheval, J. Carvelli, A. Haouache, F. Lecorre, Romain Hernu, Benoit Misset, C. Ara-Somohano, A. Vesin, J. Fournier, Benjamin Sztrymf, K. Mellouk, C. Bretonniere, L. Dopeux, Marie Thuong, V. H. T. Ha, M. Lebrazic, Corinne Alberti, V. Gobert, S. Letrou, Roland Smonig, Claire Dupuis, Marc Gainnier, Sébastien Bailly, J. F. Timsit, Fabrice Bruneel, H. Merle, Michael Darmon, Mélanie Adda, Marion Venot, C. Tournegros, S. Salle, Bernard Allaouchiche, D. Boyer, Jean-Marie Forel, Bruno Mourvillier, Alexandre Lautrette, N. Kaddour, P. Andreu, Daniel da Silva, Olivier Andremont, G. Thierry, Jordane Lebut, T. Baudry, V. Vindrieux, J. Reignier, L. Nicolet, A. Francais, Anne-Sylvie Dumenil, G. van der Meersch, D. Nakache, Mathilde Neuville, Benjamin Planquette, François Philippart, C. Aparicio, S. Bagur, Laurent Papazian, Bertrand Souweine, François Barbier, Virginie Lemiale, J. Bedel, C. Garret, Guillaume Marcotte, Johanna Oziel, C. Agasse, Sebastien Jochmans, Dany Toledano, Mathilde Lermuzeaux, J. B. Joffredo, N. Viguier, Jean Pierre Bedos, J. Bourenne, A. Van-Nieuwenhuyze, Carole Schwebel, Lila Bouadma, Outcomerea Study Grp, F. Lamara, Etienne de Montmollin, B. Berthe, Stéphane Ruckly, Christophe Clec’h, Eric Magalhaes, Laurent Argaud, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Geology and Applied Geology, University of Mons [Belgium] (UMONS), Mécanique des Matériaux et des Structures (M2S), Géomécanique, Matériaux et Structures (GEOMAS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Medical Intensive Care Unit, APHP, Hôpital St-Louis, Paris, France., Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie et Nutrition [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Avicenne, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Equipe LIPNESS (LNC - U1231) (LIPNESS), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Service de Réanimation Médicale (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESI S.A., Service de Conditionnement des Déchets et Vitrification (SCDV), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), CMI Green Line, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Département de Biostatistiques [Paris], Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Service Anesthésie Réanimation, Hopital Civil, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CIC - CHU Bichat, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Neuropsychopharmacologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hopital central Cayenne, CHU Gabriel Montpied (CHU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles (CHV), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand - Clermont Auvergne (ICCF), and Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, consequences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], multicenter, law.invention, sepsis, 0302 clinical medicine, Mechanical ventilation, onset pneumonia, law, icu, 030212 general & internal medicine, Hospital Mortality, risk-factors, Stroke, withdrawal, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Female, France, Cohort study, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Mortality, intensive-care-unit, Aged, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Glasgow Coma Scale, Pneumonia, Length of Stay, medicine.disease, Respiration, Artificial, Critical care, Emergency medicine, business
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: To describe the epidemiology and prognostic impact of pneumonia in acute ischemic stroke patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: Retrospective analysis from a prospective multicenter cohort study of critically ill patients with acute ischemic stroke requiring invasive mechanical ventilation at admission. Impact of pneumonia was investigated using Cox regression for 1-year mortality, and competing risk survival models for ICU mortality censored at 30-days. Results: We included 195 patients. Stroke was supratentorial in 62% and 64% of patients had a Glasgow coma scale score \textless8 on admission. Mortality at day-30 and 1 year were 56%, and 70%, respectively. Post-stroke pneumonia was identified in 78 (40%) patients, of which 46/78 (59%) episodes were present at ICU admission. Post-stroke pneumonia was associated with an increase in 1-year mortality (adjusted HR 1.49, 95% CI [1.01-2.20]). Post-stroke pneumonia was not associated with ICU mortality but was associated with a 1.6-fold increase in ICU length of stay (CSHR 0.62 [0.39-0.99], p = 0.06). Conclusions: In ischemic stroke patients requiring invasive ventilation, pneumonia occurred in 40% of cases and was associated with a 49% increase in 1-year mortality. Post-stroke pneumonia did not impact day-30 mortality but increased ICU length of stay. (C) 2019 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2019
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44. Correction to: COVID-19 increased the risk of ICU-acquired bloodstream infections: a case–cohort study from the multicentric OUTCOMEREA network

Author: Niccolò Buetti, Stéphane Ruckly, Etienne de Montmollin, Jean Reignier, Nicolas Terzi, Yves Cohen, Shidasp Siami, Claire Dupuis, and Jean-François Timsit
Subjects: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Published: 2021
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45. MOESM1 of Influence of dyskalemia at admission and early dyskalemia correction on survival and cardiac events of critically ill patients

Author: Bouadma, Lila, Mankikian, Stefan, Darmon, Michael, Argaud, Laurent, Vinclair, Camille, Shidasp Siami, MaitÃ© Garrouste-Orgeas, Papazian, Laurent, Cohen, Yves, Marcotte, Guillaume, Styfalova, Lenka, Reignier, Jean, Lautrette, Alexandre, Schwebel, Carole, and Jean-Francois Timsit
Abstract: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline characteristics by serum potassium level at admission. Table S2. Crude mortality according to the dyskalemia at ICU admission and its type of correction (balanced, not-balanced, or overbalanced). Figure S1. Distribution of serum potassium levels at admission in the overall population. Figure S2. Prevalence of dyskalemia in medical and surgical patients. Figure S3. Prevalence of hypokalemia according to the presence of underlying disease. Figure S4. Prevalence of hyperkalemia according to the presence of underlying disease. Figure S5. Characteristics of mild hyperkalemic patients at admission.
Published: 2019
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46. Influence of dyskalemia at admission and early dyskalemia correction on survival and cardiac events of critically ill patients

Author: Lila, Bouadma, Stefan, Mankikian, Michael, Darmon, Laurent, Argaud, Camille, Vinclair, Shidasp, Siami, Maité, Garrouste-Orgeas, Laurent, Papazian, Yves, Cohen, Guillaume, Marcotte, Lenka, Styfalova, Jean, Reignier, Alexandre, Lautrette, Carole, Schwebel, Jean-Francois, Timsit, Sophie, Letrou, CIC - CHU Bichat, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU Gabriel Montpied (CHU), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hopital Avicennes, and Université Paris 13 (UP13)
Subjects: Male, Hyperkalemia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Logistic regression, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Registries, Aged, 80 and over, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, Hazard ratio, lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Hypokalemia, 3. Good health, Icu admission, Correction of potassium, Intensive Care Units, Cardiology, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Critical Illness, 03 medical and health sciences, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Mortality, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Cardiac events, Critically ill, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Research, nutritional and metabolic diseases, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, lcsh:RC86-88.9, Survival Analysis, Confidence interval, Critical care, Potassium, business
Abstract: Objectives Our objectives were (1) to characterize the distribution of serum potassium levels at ICU admission, (2) to examine the relationship between dyskalemia at ICU admission and occurrence of cardiac events, and (3) to study both the association between dyskalemia at ICU admission and dyskalemia correction by day 2 on 28-day mortality. Design Inception cohort study from the longitudinal prospective French multicenter OUTCOMEREA database (1999–2014) Setting 22 French OUTCOMEREA network ICUs Patients Patients were classified into six groups according to their serum potassium level at admission: three groups of hypokalemia and three groups of hyperkalemia defined as serious hypokalemia [K+] 7 mmol/L, moderate hypokalemia 2.5 ≤ [K+] Intervention None Measurements and main results Of 12,090 patients, 2108 (17.4%) had hypokalemia and 1445 (12%) had hyperkalemia. Prognostic impact of dyskalemia and its correction was assessed using multivariate Cox models. After adjustment, hypokalemia and hyperkalemia were independently associated with a greater risk of 28-day mortality. Mild hyperkalemic patients had the highest mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.13–1.47], p p p = 0.38). Occurrence of cardiac events was evaluated by logistic regression. Except for patients with serious hypokalemia at admission, the depth of dyskalemia was associated with increased risk of cardiac events. Conclusions Dyskalemia is common at ICU admission and associated with increased mortality. Occurrence of cardiac events increased with dyskalemia depth. A correction of serum potassium level by day 2 was associated with improved prognosis.
Published: 2019
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47. A Comparison of the Mortality Risk Associated With Ventilator-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia and Nonventilator ICU-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Author: Stéphane Ruckly, Jean-François Timsit, Laurent Argaud, Carole Schwebel, Lila Bouadma, Michael Darmon, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Shidasp Siami, Yves Cohen, Hatem Kallel, Guillaume Marcotte, Lilia Soufir, Dany Glodgran-Toledano, Bertrand Souweine, Laurent Papazian, Wafa Ibn Saied, Bruno Mourvillier, Etienne de Montmollin, Jean Reignier, Neuropsychopharmacologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France, parent, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Organ Dysfunction Scores, health care facilities, manpower, and services, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacotherapy, Risk Factors, medicine, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Prospective Studies, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Cross Infection, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Bacterial pneumonia, Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, respiratory tract diseases, Pneumonia, Intensive Care Units, 030228 respiratory system, Emergency medicine, Female, France, Risk assessment, business
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the respective impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia and ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia on the 30-day mortality of ICU patients. DESIGN: Longitudinal prospective studies. SETTING: French ICUs. PATIENTS: Patients at risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia. INTERVENTIONS: The first three episodes of ventilator-associated pneumonia or ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia were handled as time-dependent covariates in Cox models. We adjusted using the case-mix, illness severity, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score at admission, and procedures and therapeutics used during the first 48 hours before the risk period. Baseline characteristics of patients with regard to the adequacy of antibiotic treatment were analyzed, as well as the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score variation in the 2 days before the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia or ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia. Mortality was also analyzed for Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species(ESKAPE) and P. aeruginosa pathogens. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 14,212 patients who were admitted to the ICUs and who stayed for more than 48 hours, 7,735 were at risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and 9,747 were at risk of ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia. Ventilator-associated pneumonia and ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia occurred in 1,161 at-risk patients (15%) and 176 at-risk patients (2%), respectively. When adjusted on prognostic variables, ventilator-associated pneumonia (hazard ratio, 1.38 (1.24-1.52); p \textless 0.0001) and even more ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia (hazard ratio, 1.82 [1.35-2.45]; p \textless 0.0001) were associated with increased 30-day mortality. The early antibiotic therapy adequacy was not associated with an improved prognosis, particularly for ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia. The impact was similar for ventilator-associated pneumonia and ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia mortality due to P. aeruginosa and the ESKAPE group. CONCLUSIONS: In a large cohort of patients, we found that both ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia were associated with an 82% and a 38% increase in the risk of 30-day mortality, respectively. This study emphasized the importance of preventing ICU-hospital-acquired pneumonia in nonventilated patients.
Published: 2019
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48. Timing of Renal-Replacement Therapy in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury and Sepsis

Author: Remi Trusson, Djillali Annane, Christine Lebert, Jean-Paul Mira, Rémi Bruyère, Saber Barbar, Claire Roger, Philippe Guiot, Samir Jaber, Mai-Anh Nay, Julio Badie, Raphaël Clere-Jehl, Jean-Michel Constantin, Gaël Piton, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Bruno Levy, Lila Bouadma, Romain Hernu, Emmanuelle Mercier, Shidasp Siami, Julien Bohé, Auguste Dargent, Loïc Chimot, Julie Helms, Benjamin Louart, Guillaume Louis, Florent Montini, Ferhat Meziani, Carole Schwebel, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Christine Binquet, Jean-Pierre Eraldi, Thierry Van Der Linden, Abderrahmane Bourredjem, Damien du Cheyron, Gilles Blasco, Kada Klouche, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques (CIC-EC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de Réanimation Médicale (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Equipe LIPNESS (LNC - U1231) (LIPNESS), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire d'Excellence : Lipoprotéines et Santé : prévention et Traitement des maladies Inflammatoires et du Cancer (LabEx LipSTIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-Université de Montpellier (UM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: Septic shock, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Acute kidney injury, Renal function, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, Acute Kidney Injury, medicine.disease, Interim analysis, 3. Good health, Time-to-Treatment, Sepsis, Renal Replacement Therapy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesia, medicine, Anuria, 030212 general & internal medicine, Renal replacement therapy, medicine.symptom, business, Kidney disease
Abstract: IF 79.258 (2017); International audience; BackgroundAcute kidney injury is the most frequent complication in patients with septic shock and is an independent risk factor for death. Although renal-replacement therapy is the standard of care for severe acute kidney injury, the ideal time for initiation remains controversial.MethodsIn a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned patients with early-stage septic shock who had severe acute kidney injury at the failure stage of the risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) classification system but without life-threatening complications related to acute kidney injury to receive renal-replacement therapy either within 12 hours after documentation of failure-stage acute kidney injury (early strategy) or after a delay of 48 hours if renal recovery had not occurred (delayed strategy). The failure stage of the RIFLE classification system is characterized by a serum creatinine level 3 times the baseline level (or ≥4 mg per deciliter with a rapid increase of ≥0.5 mg per deciliter), urine output less than 0.3 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 24 hours or longer, or anuria for at least 12 hours. The primary outcome was death at 90 days.ResultsThe trial was stopped early for futility after the second planned interim analysis. A total of 488 patients underwent randomization; there were no significant between-group differences in the characteristics at baseline. Among the 477 patients for whom follow-up data at 90 days were available, 58% of the patients in the early-strategy group (138 of 239 patients) and 54% in the delayed-strategy group (128 of 238 patients) had died (P=0.38). In the delayed-strategy group, 38% (93 patients) did not receive renal-replacement therapy. Criteria for emergency renal-replacement therapy were met in 17% of the patients in the delayed-strategy group (41 patients).ConclusionsAmong patients with septic shock who had severe acute kidney injury, there was no significant difference in overall mortality at 90 days between patients who were assigned to an early strategy for the initiation of renal-replacement therapy and those who were assigned to a delayed strategy. (Funded by the French Ministry of Health; IDEAL-ICU ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01682590.)
Published: 2018
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49. Host-pathogen interactions and prognosis of critically ill immunocompetent patients with pneumococcal pneumonia: the nationwide prospective observational STREPTOGENE study

Author: Armelle Mathonnet, Sebastien Preau, Arnaud Galbois, Jean-Pierre Bedos, Frédéric Jacobs, Shidasp Siami, Jean-Paul Mira, E. Varon, Kader Ouchenir, Anne Veinstein, Bertrand Souweine, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Benoit Misset, Jean Reignier, Raphaël Porcher, Olivier Baldesi, Yves Le Tulzo, Joel Cousson, Florent Dewavrin, Pierre Asfar, Anthony Dugard, Bruno Mégarbane, Unité de Soins Intensifs [Versailles], Centre Hospitalier de Versailles (CHV), Service de microbiologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Biostatistique et épidemiologie clinique, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hémodynamique, Interaction Fibrose et Invasivité tumorales Hépatiques (HIFIH), Université d'Angers (UA), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service de Réanimation (ORLEANS - Réa), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHR), Service d'Accompagnement et Soins Palliatifs [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Urgences médicales, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), General Intensive Care Medicine, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut Galien Paris-Sud (IGPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de réanimation médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Hôpital Albert Calmette, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier du Pays d'Aix, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), CHU Gabriel Montpied (CHU), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Medical-Surgical ICU, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Saint Joseph, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], 07/061, ministere de la santé français, Unité de Soins Intensifs [CH Versailles], Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHRO), Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Saint Joseph, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service des urgences [CHU Poitiers], and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Risk Factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Hospital Mortality, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Age Factors, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, Community-Acquired Infections, Pneumococcal pneumonia, Pneumococcal serotypes, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Female, Macrolides, Fluoroquinolones, medicine.medical_specialty, Severe community-acquired pneumonia, Critical Care, Critical Illness, [SDV.MP.PRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Protistology, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Anesthesiology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Aged, Mechanical ventilation, Septic shock, business.industry, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Pneumonia, Logistic Models, 030228 respiratory system, Bacteremia, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: To assess the relative importance of host and bacterial factors associated with hospital mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (PCAP). Immunocompetent Caucasian ICU patients with PCAP documented by cultures and/or pneumococcal urinary antigen (UAg Sp) test were included in this multicenter prospective study between 2008 and 2012. All pneumococcal strains were serotyped. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for hospital mortality. Of the 614 patients, 278 (45%) had septic shock, 270 (44%) had bacteremia, 307 (50%) required mechanical ventilation at admission, and 161 (26%) had a diagnosis based only on the UAg Sp test. No strains were penicillin-resistant, but 23% had decreased susceptibility. Of the 36 serotypes identified, 7 accounted for 72% of the isolates, with different distributions according to age. Although antibiotics were consistently appropriate and were started within 6 h after admission in 454 (74%) patients, 116 (18.9%) patients died. Independent predictors of hospital mortality in the adjusted analysis were platelets ≤ 100 × 109/L (OR, 7.7; 95% CI, 2.8–21.1), McCabe score ≥ 2 (4.58; 1.61–13), age > 65 years (2.92; 1.49–5.74), lactates > 4 mmol/L (2.41; 1.27–4.56), male gender and septic shock (2.23; 1.30–3.83 for each), invasive mechanical ventilation (1.78; 1–3.19), and bilateral pneumonia (1.59; 1.02–2.47). Women with platelets ≤ 100 × 109/L had the highest mortality risk (adjusted OR, 7.7; 2.8–21). In critically ill patients with PCAP, age, gender, and organ failures at ICU admission were more strongly associated with hospital mortality than were comorbidities. Neither pneumococcal serotype nor antibiotic regimen was associated with hospital mortality.
Published: 2018
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50. Infection-related ventilator-associated complications in ICU patients colonised with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

Author: Laurent Papazian, Michael Darmon, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Benoit Misset, Elie Azoulay, Sébastien Bailly, Etienne de Montmollin, Laurent Argaud, Hatem Kallel, Guillaume Marcotte, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Bruno Mourvillier, Shidasp Siami, Bertrand Souweine, Carole Schwebel, Jean Reignier, François Barbier, Jean-François Timsit, Clinique de réanimation médicale, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-Hôpital Michallon, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Hôpital Sud Francilien Corbeil-Essonnes, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Service d'anesthésie et réanimation chirurgicale [Nantes], Hôtel-Dieu-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service des Urgences et de Réanimation Médicale (Urg - SAINT ETIENNE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de réanimation médicale et infectieuse, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, CHU Marseille, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Hôpital avicenne, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Avicenne, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Avicenne, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Carbapenem, gram-negative bacilli, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pneumonia ventilator associated, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, antibiotic-therapy, 0302 clinical medicine, Mechanical ventilation, polycyclic compounds, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, urinary-tract-infections, bacteria, Outcome, biology, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated, Enterobacteriaceae, 3. Good health, Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, Intensive Care Units, strategies, Carrier State, surveillance, Female, France, medicine.drug, intensive-care units, metaanalysis, Icu patients, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, beta-Lactamases, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Internal medicine, Antibiotic therapy, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, pneumonia, antimicrobial resistance, Aged, business.industry, Gram negative bacilli, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, Carbapenems, business
Abstract: International audience; Purpose: To investigate the clinical significance of infection-related ventilator-associated complications (IVAC) and their impact on carbapenem consumption in mechanically ventilated (MV) patients colonised with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE). Methods: Inception cohort study from the French prospective multicenter OUTCOMEREA database (17 ICUs, 1997-2015) including all ESBLE carriers (systematic rectal swabbing at admission then weekly and/or urinary or superficial surgical site colonisation) with MV duration \textgreater 48 h and \textgreater= 1 episode of IVAC after carriage documentation. All ICU-acquired infections were microbiologically documented. Results: The 318 enrolled ESBLE carriers (median age 68 years; males 67%; medical admission 68%; imported carriage 53%) experienced a total of 576 IVAC comprising 361 episodes (63%) without documented infection, 124 (21%) related to infections other than ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), 73 (13%) related to non-ESBLE VAP and 18 (3%) related to ESBLE VAP. Overall, ESBLE infections accounted for only 43 episodes (7%). Carbapenem exposure within the preceding 3 days was the sole independent predictor of ESBLE infection as the causative event of IVAC, with a protective effect (adjusted odds ratio 0.2, 95% confidence interval 0.05-0.6; P \textless 0.01). Carbapenems were initiated in 9% of IVAC without infection, 15% of IVAC related to non-VAP infections, 42% of IVAC related to non-ESBLE VAP, and 56% of IVAC related to ESBLE VAP (ESBLE VAP versus non-ESBLE VAP: P = 0.43). Conclusions: IVAC in ESBLE carriers mostly reflect noninfectious events but act as a strong driver of empirical carbapenem consumption. ESBLE infections are scarce yet hard to predict, strengthening the need for novel diagnostic approaches and carbapenem-sparing alternatives.
Published: 2018
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