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1. Deep Learning–Based Assessment of Brain Connectivity Related to Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Daytime Sleepiness

Author

Lee MH, Lee SK, Thomas RJ, Yoon JE, Yun CH, and Shin C

Subjects
convolutional neural network, obstructive sleep apnea, daytime sleepiness, diffusion tensor imaging, structural brain network, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Min-Hee Lee,1 Seung Ku Lee,1 Robert J Thomas,2 Jee-Eun Yoon,3 Chang-Ho Yun,4,* Chol Shin1,5,* 1Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; 3Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Pulmonary Sleep and Critical Care Medicine Disorder Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chang-Ho YunDepartment of Neurology, Bundang Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of KoreaTel +82 31 787 7469Fax +82 31 787 4059Email ych333@gmail.comChol ShinDivision of Pulmonary, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital and Institute of Human Genomic Study, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516, Gojan-1-dong, Danwon-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, Republic of KoreaTel +82 31 412 5541Fax +82 31 412 5604Email chol-shin@korea.ac.krPurpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with altered pairwise connections between brain regions, which might explain cognitive impairment and daytime sleepiness. By adopting a deep learning method, we investigated brain connectivity related to the severity of OSA and daytime sleepiness.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional design applied a deep learning model on structural brain networks obtained from 553 subjects (age, 59.2 ± 7.4 years; men, 35.6%). The model performance was evaluated with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R) and probability of absolute error less than standard deviation (PAE

Published
2021

2. First Measurement of Missing Energy Due to Nuclear Effects in Monoenergetic Neutrino Charged Current Interactions

Author

Marzec, E., Ajimura, S., Antonakis, A., Botran, M., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Choi, J. W., Choi, J. Y., Dodo, T., Furuta, H., Goh, J. H., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hino, Y., Hiraiwa, T., Hwang, W., Iida, T., Iwai, E., Iwata, S., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jang, M. C., Jeon, H. K., Jeon, S. H., Joo, K. K., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, E. M., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kim, S. B., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Kuwata, K., Lee, D. H., Lee, S., Lim, I. T., Little, C., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Noumachi, M., Pac, M. Y., Park, B. J., Park, H. W., Park, J. B., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Peeters, S. J. M., Roellinghoff, G., Rott, C., Ryu, J. W., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Stancu, I., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Takeuchi, Y., Wang, W., Waterfield, J., Wei, W., White, R., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., Yu, I., and Zohaib, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the first measurement of the missing energy due to nuclear effects in monoenergetic, muon neutrino charged-current interactions on carbon, originating from $K^+ \rightarrow \mu^+ \nu_\mu$ decay-at-rest ($E_{\nu_\mu}=235.5$ MeV), performed with the JSNS$^2$ liquid scintillator based experiment. Towards characterizing the neutrino interaction, ostensibly $\nu_\mu n \rightarrow \mu^- p$ or $\nu_\mu$$^{12}\mathrm{C}$ $\rightarrow \mu^-$$^{12}\mathrm{N}$, and in analogy to similar electron scattering based measurements, we define the missing energy as the energy transferred to the nucleus ($\omega$) minus the kinetic energy of the outgoing proton(s), $E_{m} \equiv \omega-\sum T_p$, and relate this to visible energy in the detector, $E_{m}=E_{\nu_\mu}~(235.5~\mathrm{MeV})-m_\mu~(105.7~\mathrm{MeV}) - E_{vis}$. The missing energy, which is naively expected to be zero in the absence of nuclear effects (e.g. nucleon separation energy, Fermi momenta, and final-state interactions), is uniquely sensitive to many aspects of the interaction, and has previously been inaccessible with neutrinos. The shape-only, differential cross section measurement reported, based on a $(77\pm3)$% pure double-coincidence KDAR signal (621 total events), provides an important benchmark for models and event generators at 100s-of-MeV neutrino energies, characterized by the difficult-to-model transition region between neutrino-nucleus and neutrino-nucleon scattering, and relevant for applications in nuclear physics, neutrino oscillation measurements, and Type-II supernova studies.

Published
2024

3. Normalized Hand Grip and Back Muscle Strength as Risk Factors for Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: 16 Years of Follow-Up in a Population-Based Cohort Study

Author

Jeon YJ, Lee SK, and Shin C

Subjects
incident type 2 diabetes mellitus, hand grip strength, back strength, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Yoo-Jeong Jeon,1 Seung Ku Lee,2,3 Chol Shin2– 5 1Department of Sports & Health Science, Hanbat National University, Daejeon, Korea; 2Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; 3College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; 5Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare, Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: Chol ShinDepartment of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123 Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Ansan-si, 15355, Republic of KoreaTel +82-31-412-5603Email chol-shin@hanmail.netPurpose: Muscle strength is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is controversial whether muscle strength and normalized muscle strength is a risk factor for T2DM. Moreover, the relationship of back muscle strength (BMS) and incident T2DM has not been reported. In this study, we investigated the relationship between HGS, BMS, normalized HGS and BMS, and incident T2DM.Methods: A total of 2699 non-diabetes subjects aged 40– 69 years (1313 women and 1386 men) in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Ansan cohort were followed for 16 years. At the baseline and biennial follow‐up visits, fasting glucose, postprandial 2-h glucose, clinical examinations, HGS, and BMS were measured by trained interviewers and examiners. HGS and BMS were measured at baseline. The relationships between incident T2DM, HGS, BMS, and normalized HGS and BMS were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models after adjusting for the confounding factors.Results: HGS and BMS were not associated with incident T2DM in multivariate analysis. However, the hazard ratio (HR) per one standard deviation (SD) increase in the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR)-normalized HGS, and BMS was associated with a lower risk for incident T2DM in both women and men after adjusting for the confounding factors (HR = 0.842– 0.880-fold for women, p ≤ 0.015; HR = 0.887– 0.903-fold for men, p ≤ 0.024). In the sub-analysis of menopause status, the HR per one SD increase in BMI, weight2/3, WC, and WHR-normalized HGS was associated with a lower risk for incident T2DM in both pre- and post-menopausal women after adjusting for the confounding factors (HR = 0.860– 0.820-fold for premenopausal, P ≤ 0.006; HR = 0.900– 0.867-fold for postmenopausal, p ≤ 0.024). Additionally, we confirmed that the quartile group with higher muscle strength was associated with a lower risk for incident T2DM.Conclusion: The present study suggested that normalized HGS and BMS were associated with a lower risk for the future development of T2DM. Moreover, weak muscle strength in premenopausal women may be the cause of T2DM. Further research is needed to determine whether efforts to improve muscle strength, such as exercise can reduce the risk of T2DM.Keywords: incident type 2 diabetes mellitus, hand grip strength, back strength

Published
2021

4. Care Gaps and Recommendations in Vestibular Migraine: An Expert Panel Summit

Author

Monica P. Mallampalli, Habib G. Rizk, Amir Kheradmand, Shin C. Beh, Mehdi Abouzari, Alaina M. Bassett, James Buskirk, Claire E. J. Ceriani, Matthew G. Crowson, Hamid Djalilian, Joel A. Goebel, Jeffery J. Kuhn, Anne E. Luebke, Marco Mandalà, Magdalena Nowaczewska, Nicole Spare, Roberto Teggi, Maurizio Versino, Hsiangkuo Yuan, Ashley Zaleski-King, Michael Teixido, and Frederick Godley

Subjects
vestibular migraine, chronic migraine (CM), trigemino-vascular pathway, vertigo-pathophysiology, vestibular disorders, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Vestibular migraine (VM) is an increasingly recognized pathology yet remains as an underdiagnosed cause of vestibular disorders. While current diagnostic criteria are codified in the 2012 Barany Society document and included in the third edition of the international classification of headache disorders, the pathophysiology of this disorder is still elusive. The Association for Migraine Disorders hosted a multidisciplinary, international expert workshop in October 2020 and identified seven current care gaps that the scientific community needs to resolve, including a better understanding of the range of symptoms and phenotypes of VM, the lack of a diagnostic marker, a better understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms, as well as the lack of clear recommendations for interventions (nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic) and finally, the need for specific outcome measures that will guide clinicians as well as research into the efficacy of interventions. The expert group issued several recommendations to address those areas including establishing a global VM registry, creating an improved diagnostic algorithm using available vestibular tests as well as others that are in development, conducting appropriate trials of high quality to validate current clinically available treatment and fostering collaborative efforts to elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying VM, specifically the role of the trigemino-vascular pathways.

Published
2022
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5. Pulse Shape Discrimination in JSNS$^2$

Author

Dodo, T., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Choi, J. Y., Goh, J., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hwang, W., Iida, T., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Joo, K. K., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, W., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Lee, D. H., Lim, I. T., Little, C., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Pac, M. Y., Park, H. W., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Peeters, S. J. M., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Takeuchi, Y., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., and Yu, I.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

JSNS$^2$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) is an experiment that is searching for sterile neutrinos via the observation of $\bar{\nu}_{\mu} \rightarrow \bar{\nu}_e$ appearance oscillations using neutrinos with muon decay-at-rest. For this search, rejecting cosmic-ray-induced neutron events by Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) is essential because the JSNS$^2$ detector is located above ground, on the third floor of the building. We have achieved 95$\%$ rejection of neutron events while keeping 90$\%$ of signal, electron-like events using a data driven likelihood method., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.07482, arXiv:2308.02722

Published
2024

6. Single allele Lmbrd1 knockout results in cardiac hypertrophy

Author

Linda Tzu-Ling Tseng, Chieh-Liang Lin, Kuei-Hsiang Pan, Kai-Yuan Tzen, Ming-Jai Su, Chia-Ti Tsai, Yi-Han Li, Pai-Chi Li, Fu-Tien Chiang, Shin C. Chang, and Ming-Fu Chang

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background/Purpose: LMBD1 protein, a type IV-B plasma membrane protein possessing nine putative trans-membrane domains, was previously demonstrated at cellular level to play a critical part in the signaling cascade of insulin receptor through its involvement in regulating clathrin-mediated endocytosis. However, at physiological level, the significance of LMBD1 protein in cardiac development remains unclear. Methods: To understand the role of Lmbrd1 gene involved in the cardiac function, heterozygous knockout mice were used as an animal model system. The pathological outcomes were analyzed by micro-positron emission tomography, ECG acquisition, cardiac ultrasound, and immunohistochemistry. Results: By studying the heterozygous knockout of Lmbrd1 (Lmbrd1+/−), we discovered that lack of Lmbrd1 not only resulted in the increase of cardiac-glucose uptake, pathological consequences were also observed. Here, we have distinguished that Lmbrd1+/− is sufficient in causing cardiac diseases through a pathway independent of the recessive vitamin B12 cblF cobalamin transport defect. Lmbrd1+/− mice exhibited an increase in myocardial glucose uptake and insulin receptor signaling that is insensitive to the administration of additional insulin. Pathological symptoms such as cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular tissue fibrosis, along with the increase of heart rate and cardiac muscle contractility were observed. As Lmbrd1+/− mice aged, the decrease in ejection fraction and fraction shortening showed signs of ventricular function deterioration. Conclusion: The results suggested that Lmbrd1 gene not only plays a significant role in mediating the energy homeostasis in cardiac tissue, it may also be a key factor in the regulation of cardiac function in mice. Keywords: Cardiac hypertrophy, Disease animal model, Gene knockout, Mouse Lmbrd1 gene, Human LMBRD1 gene, LMBD1 protein

Published
2018
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7. Nucleocapsid protein-dependent assembly of the RNA packaging signal of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus

Author

Wei-Chen Hsin, Chan-Hua Chang, Chi-You Chang, Wei-Hao Peng, Chung-Liang Chien, Ming-Fu Chang, and Shin C. Chang

Subjects
MERS-CoV, RNA packaging signal, Nucleocapsid protein, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) consists of a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome and four structural proteins: the spike, envelope, membrane, and nucleocapsid protein. The assembly of the viral genome into virus particles involves viral structural proteins and is believed to be mediated through recognition of specific sequences and RNA structures of the viral genome. Methods and Results A culture system for the production of MERS coronavirus-like particles (MERS VLPs) was determined and established by electron microscopy and the detection of coexpressed viral structural proteins. Using the VLP system, a 258-nucleotide RNA fragment, which spans nucleotides 19,712 to 19,969 of the MERS-CoV genome (designated PS258(19712–19969)ME), was identified to function as a packaging signal. Assembly of the RNA packaging signal into MERS VLPs is dependent on the viral nucleocapsid protein. In addition, a 45-nucleotide stable stem-loop substructure of the PS258(19712–19969)ME interacted with both the N-terminal domain and the C-terminal domain of the viral nucleocapsid protein. Furthermore, a functional SARS-CoV RNA packaging signal failed to assemble into the MERS VLPs, which indicated virus-specific assembly of the RNA genome. Conclusions A MERS-oV RNA packaging signal was identified by the detection of GFP expression following an incubation of MERS VLPs carrying the heterologous mRNA GFP-PS258(19712–19969)ME with virus permissive Huh7 cells. The MERS VLP system could help us in understanding virus infection and morphogenesis.

Published
2018
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8. The acrylic vessel for JSNS$^{2}$-II neutrino target

Author

Shin, C. D., Ajimura, S., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Choi, J. Y., Dodo, T., Goh, J., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hiraiwa, T., Hwang, W., Iida, T., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, W., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Lee, D. H., Lim, I. T., Little, C., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Pac, M. Y., Park, H. W., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Peeters, S. J. M., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Spitz, J., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Takeuchi, Y., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The JSNS$^{2}$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) is an experiment designed for the search for sterile neutrinos. The experiment is currently at the stage of the second phase named JSNS$^{2}$-II with two detectors at near and far locations from the neutrino source. One of the key components of the experiment is an acrylic vessel, that is used for the target volume for the detection of the anti-neutrinos. The specifications, design, and measured properties of the acrylic vessel are described.

Published
2023
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9. Study on the accidental background of the JSNS$^2$ experiment

Author

Lee, D. H., Ajimura, S., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Choi, J. Y., Dodo, T., Goh, J., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hiraiwa, T., Hwang, W., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, W., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Lim, I. T., Little, C., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigom, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Pac, M. Y., Park, H. W., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Peeters, S. J. M., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

JSNS$^2$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) is an experiment which searches for sterile neutrinos via the observation of $\bar{\nu}_{\mu} \to \bar{\nu}_{e}$ appearance oscillations using muon decay-at-rest neutrinos. The data taking of JSNS$^2$ have been performed from 2021. In this manuscript, a study of the accidental background is presented. The rate of the accidental background is (9.29$\pm 0.39) \times 10^{-8}$ / spill with 0.75 MW beam power and comparable to the number of searching signals., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2111.07482

Published
2023
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10. Study on the accidental background of the JSNS2 experiment

Author

Lee, D. H., Ajimura, S., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Choi, J. Y., Dodo, T., Goh, J., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hiraiwa, T., Hwang, W., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, W., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Lim, I. T., Little, C., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Pac, M. Y., Park, H. W., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Peeters, S. J. M., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., and Yu, I.

Published
2024
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11. Measurement of cosmogenic $^9$Li and $^8$He production rates at RENO

Author

Lee, H. G., Choi, J. H., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, S. H., Joo, K. K., Jung, D. E., Kim, J. G., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lee, W. J., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Pac, M. Y., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Seo, H., Seo, J. W., Shin, C. D., Yang, B. S., Yoo, J., Yoon, S. G., Yeo, I. S., and Yu, I.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report the measured production rates of unstable isotopes $^9$Li and $^8$He produced by cosmic muon spallation on $^{12}$C using two identical detectors of the RENO experiment. Their beta-decays accompanied by a neutron make a significant contribution to backgrounds of reactor antineutrino events in precise determination of the smallest neutrino mixing angle. The mean muon energy of its near (far) detector with an overburden of 120 (450) m.w.e. is estimated as 33.1 +- 2.3 (73.6 +- 4.4) GeV. Based on roughly 3100 days of data, the cosmogenic production rate of $^9$Li ($^8$He) isotope is measured to be 44.2 +- 3.1 (10.6 +- 7.4) per day at near detector and 10.0 +- 1.1 (2.1 +- 1.5) per day at far detector. This corresponds to yields of $^9$Li ($^8$He), 4.80 +- 0.36 (1.15 +- 0.81) and 9.9 +- 1.1 (2.1 +- 1.5) at near and far detectors, respectively, in a unit of 10$^{-8}$ $\mu^{-1}$ g${^-1}$ cm${^2}$. Combining the measured $^9$Li yields with other available underground measurements, an excellent power-law relationship of the yield with respect to the mean muon energy is found to have an exponent of $\alpha$ = 0.75 +- 0.05., Comment: 11 pages, 14 figures

Published
2022
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12. Characterization of the correlated background for a sterile neutrino search using the first dataset of the JSNS$^2$ experiment

Author

Hino, Y., Ajimura, S., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Dodo, T., Furuta, H., Goh, J., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hiraiwa, T., Hwang, W., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jordan, J. R., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Lee, C. Y., Lee, D. H., Lee, S., Lim, I. T., Little, C., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Nomachi, M., Pac, M. Y., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Peeters, S. J. M., Ray, H., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Ujiie, R., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

JSNS$^2$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) is an experiment that is searching for sterile neutrinos via the observation of $\bar{\nu}_{\mu} \to \bar{\nu}_{e}$ appearance oscillations using muon decay-at-rest neutrinos. Before dedicated data taking in the first-half of 2021, we performed a commissioning run for 10 days in June 2020. Using the data obtained in this commissioning run, in this paper, we present an estimate of the correlated background which imitates the $\bar{\nu}_{e}$ signal in a sterile neutrino search. In addition, in order to demonstrate future prospects of the JSNS$^2$ experiment, possible pulse shape discrimination improvements towards reducing cosmic ray induced fast neutron background are described., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures

Published
2021
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13. Tenecteplase versus standard of care for minor ischaemic stroke with proven occlusion (TEMPO-2): a randomised, open label, phase 3 superiority trial

Author

Salluzzi, Marina, Blenkin, Nicole, Dueck, Ashley, Doram, Craig, Zhang, Qiao, Kenney, Carol, Ryckborst, Karla, Bohn, Shelly, Collier, Quentin, Taylor, Frances, Lethebe, B. Cord, Jambula, Anitha, Sage, Kayla, Toussaint, Lana, Save, Supryia, Lee, Jaclyn, Laham, N, Sultan, A.A., Deepak, A., Sitaram, A., Demchuk, Andrew M., Lockey, A., Micielli, A., Wadhwa, A., Arabambi, B., Graham, B., Bogiatzi, Chrysi, Doshi, Darshan, Chakraborty, D., Kim, Diana, Vasquez, D, Singh, D, Tse, Dominic, Harrison, E., Smith, E.E., Teleg, E., Klourfeld, E., Klein, G., Sebastian, I.A., Evans, J, Hegedus, J, Kromm, J, Lin, K, Ignacio, K, Ghavami, Kimia, Ismail, M., Moores, M., Panzini, M.A., Boyko, M., Almekhlafi, M.A., Newcommon, Nancy, Maraj, N., Imoukhuede, O., Volny, O., Stys, Peter, Couillard, Phillipe, Ojha, P., Eswaradass, P., Joundi, Raed, Singh, R., Asuncion, R.M., Muir, R.T., Dey, S., Mansoor, S., Wasyliw, S., Nagendra, S., Hu, Sherry, Althubait, S., Chen, S., Bal, S., Van Gaal, Stephen, Peters, Steven, Ray, Sucharita, Chaturvedi, S., Subramaniam, Suresh, Fu, Vivian, Villaluna, K., Maclean, G., King-Azote, P., Ma, C., Plecash, A., Murphy, C., Gorman, J., Wilson, L., Zhou, L., Benevente, O., Teal, P., Yip, S., Mann, S., Dewar, B., Demetroff, M., Shamloul, R., Beardshaw, R., Roberts, S., Blaquiere, D., Stotts, G., Shamy, M., Bereznyakova, O., Fahed, R., Alesefir, W., Lavoie, Suzy, Hache, A., Collard, K, Mackey, A., Gosselin-Lefebvre, S., Verreault, S., Beauchamp, B., Lambourn, L., Khaw, A., Mai, L., Sposato, L., Bres Bullrich, M., Azarpazhooh, R., Fridman, S., Kapoor, A., Southwell, A., Bardi, E., Fatakdawala, I., Kamra, M, Lopes, K., Popel, N., Norouzi, V., Liu, A., Liddy, A.M., Ghoari, B., Hawkes, C., Enriquez, C.A., Gladstone, D.J., Manosalva Alzate, H.A., Khosravani, H., Hopyan, J.J., Sivakumar, K., Son, M., Boulos, M.I., Hamind, M.A., Swartz, R.H., Murphy, R., Reiter, S., Fitzpatrick, T., Bhandari, V., Good, J., Penn, M., Naylor, M., Frost, S., Cayley, A., Akthar, F., Williams, J., Kalman, L., Crellin, L., Wiegner, R., Singh, R.S., Stewart, T., To, W., Singh, S., Pikula, A., Jaigobin, C., Carpani, F., Silver, F., Janssen, H., Schaafsma, J., del Campo, M., Alskaini, M., Rajendram, P., Fairall, P., Granfield, B., Crawford, D., Jabs, J., White, L., Sivakumar, L., Piquette, L., Nguyen, T., Nomani, A., Wagner, A., Alrohimi, A., Butt, A., D'Souza, A., Gajurel, B., Vekhande, C., Kamble, H., Kalashyan, H., Lloret, M., Benguzzi, M., Arsalan, N., Ishaque, N., Ashayeriahmadabad, R., Samiento, R., Hosseini, S., Kazi, S., Das, S., Sugumar, T., Selchen, D., Kostyrko, P., Muccilli, A., Saposnik, A.G., Vandervelde, C., Ratnayake, K., McMillan, S., Katsanos, A., Shoamanesh, A., Sahlas, D.J., Naidoo, V., Todorov, V., Toma, H., Brar, J., Lee, J., Horton, M., Shand, E., Weatherby, S., Jin, A., Durafourt, B., Jalini, S., Gardner, A., Tyson, C., Junk, E., Foster, K., Bolt, K., Sylvain, N., Maley, S., Urroz, L., Peeling, L., Kelly, M., Whelan, R., Cooley, R., Teitelbaum, J., Boutayeb, A., Moore, A., Cole, E., Waxman, L., Ben-Amor, N., Sanchez, R., Khalil, S., Nehme, A., Legault, C., Tampieri, D., Ehrensperger, E., Vieira, L., Cortes, M., Angle, M., Hannouche, M., Badawy, M., Werner, K., Wieszmuellner, S., Langer, A., Gisold, A., Zach, H., Rommer, P., Macher, S., Blechinger, S., Marik, W., Series, W., Baumgartinger, M., Krebs, S., Koski, J., Eirola, S., Ivanoff, T., Erakanto, A., Kupari, L., Sibolt, G., Panula, J., Tomppo, L., Tiainen, M., Ahlstrom, M., Martinez Majander, N., Suomalainen, O., Raty, S., Levi, C., Kerr, E., Allen, J., Kaauwai, L.P., Belevski, L., Russell, M., Ormond, S., Chew, A., Loiselle, A., Royan, A., Hughes, B., Garcia Esperon, C., Pepper, E., Miteff, F., He, J., Lycett, M., Min, M., Murray, N., Pavey, N., Starling de Barros, R., Gangadharan, S., Dunkerton, S., Waller, S., Canento Sanchez, T., Wellings, T., Edmonds, G., Whittaker, K.A., Ewing, M., Lee, P., Singkang, R., McDonald, A., Dos Santos, A., Shin, C., Jackson, D., Tsoleridis, J., Fisicchia, L., Parsons, N., Shenoy, N., Smith, S., Sharobeam, A., Balabanski, A., Park, A., Williams, C., Pavlin-Premri, D., Rodrigues, E., Alemseged, F., Ng, F., Zhao, H., Beharry, J., Ng, J.L., Williamson, J., Wong, J.Z.W., Li, K., Kwan, M.K., Valente, M., Yassi, N., Yogendrakumar, V., McNamara, B., Buchanan, C., McCarthy, C., Thomas, G., Stephens, K., Chung, M., Chung, M.F., Tang, M., Busch, T., Frost, T., Lee, R., Stuart, N., Pachani, N., Menon, A., Borojevic, B., Linton, C.M., Garcia, G., Callaly, E.P., Dewey, H., Liu, J., Chen, J., Wong, J., Nowak, K., To, K., Lizak, N.S., Bhalala, O., Park, P., Tan, P., Martins, R., Cody, R., Forbes, R., Chen, S.K., Ooi, S., Tu, S., Dang, Y.L., Ling, Z., Cranefield, J., Drew, R., Tan, A., Kurunawai, C., Harvey, J., Mahadevan, J.J., Cagi, L., Palanikumar, L., Chia, L.N., Goh, R., El-Masri, S., Urbi, B., Rapier, C., Berrill, H., McEvoy, H., Dunning, R., Kuriakose, S., Chad, T., Sapaen, V., Sabet, A., Shah, D., Yeow, D., Lilley, K., Ward, K., Mozhy Mahizhnan, M., Tan, M., Lynch, C., Coveney, S., Tobin, K., McCabe, J., Marnane, M., Murphy, S., Large, M., Moynihan, B., Boyle, K., Sanjuan, E., Sanchis, M., Boned, S., Pancorbo, O., Sala, V., Garcia, L., Garcia-Tornel, A., Juega, J., Pagola, J., Santana, K., Requena, M., Muchada, M., Olive, M., Lozano, P.J., Rubiera, M., Deck, M., Rodriguez, N., Gomez, B., Reyes Munoz, F.J., Gomez, A.S., Sanz, A.C., Garcia, E.C., Penacoba, G., Ramos, M.E., de Lera Alfonso, M., Feliu, A, Pardo, L., Ramirez, P., Murillo, A., Lopez Dominguez, D., Rodriguez, J., Terceno Izaga, M., Reina, M., Viturro, S.B., Bojaryn, U., Vera Monge, V.A., Silva Blas, Y., R Siew, R., Agustin, S J, Seet, C., Tianming, T., d'Emden, A., Murray, A., Welch, A., Hatherley, K., Day, N., Smith, W., MacRae, E., Mitchell, E.S., Mahmood, A., Elliot, J., Neilson, S., Biswas, V., Brown, C., Lewis, A., Ashton, A., Werring, D., Perry, R., Muhammad, R., Lee, Y.C., Black, A., Robinson, A., Williams, A., Banaras, A., Cahoy, C., Raingold, G., Marinescu, M., Atang, N., Bason, N., Francia, N., Obarey, S., Feerick, S., Joseph, J., Schulz, U., Irons, R., Benjamin, J., Quinn, L., Jhoots, M., Teal, R., Ford, G., Harston, G., Bains, H., Gbinigie, I., Mathieson, P., Sim, C.H., Hayter, E., Kennedy, K., Binnie, L., Priestley, N., Williams, R., Ghatala, R., Stratton, S., Blight, A., Zhang, L., Davies, A., Duffy, H., Roberts, J., Homer, J., Roberts, K., Dodd, K., Cawley, K., Martin, M., Leason, S., Cotgreave, S., Taylor, T., Nallasivan, A., Haider, S., Chakraborty, T., Webster, T., Gil, A., Martin, B., Joseph, B., Cabrera, C., Jose, D., Man, J., Aquino, J., Sebastian, S., Osterdahl, M., Kwan, M., Matthew, M., Ike, N., Bello, P., Wilding, P., Fuentes, R., Shah, R., Mashate, S., Patel, T., Nwanguma, U., Dave, V., Haber, A., Lee, A., O'Sullivan, A., Drumm, B., Dawson, A.C., Matar, T., Roberts, D., Taylor, E., Rounis, E., El-Masry, A., O'Hare, C., Kalladka, D., Jamil, S., Auger, S., Raha, O., Evans, M., Vonberg, F., Kalam, S., Ali Sheikh, A., Jenkins, I.H., George, J., Kwan, J., Blagojevic, J., Saeed, M., Haji-Coll, M., Tsuda, M., Sayed, M., Winterkron, N., Thanbirajah, N., Vittay, O., Karim, R., Smail, R.C., Gauhar, S., Elmamoun, S., Malani, S., Pralhad Kelavkar, S., Hiden, J., Ferdinand, P., Sanyal, R., Varquez, R., Smith, B., Okechukwu, C., Fox, E., Collins, E., Courtney, K., Tauro, S., Patterson, C., McShane, D., Roberts, G., McIImoyle, J., McGuire, K., Fearon, P., Gordon, P., Isaacs, K., Lucas, K., Smith, L., Dews, L., Bates, M., Lawrence, S., Heeley, S., Patel, V., Chin, Y.M., Sims, D., Littleton, E., Khaira, J., Nadar, K., Kieliszkowska, A., Sari, B., Domingos Belo, C., Smith, E., Manolo, E.Y., Aeron-Thomas, J., Doheny, M., Garcia Pardo, M., Recaman, M., Tibajia, M.C., Aissa, M., Mah, Y., Yu, T., Meenakshisundaram, S., Heller, S., Alsukhni, R., Williams, O., Farag, M., Benger, M., Engineer, A., Bayhonan, S., Conway, S., Bhalla, A., Nouvakis, D., Theochari, E., Boyle, F., Teo, J., King-Robson, J., Law, K.Y., Sztriha, L., McGovern, A., Day, D., Mitchell-Douglas, J., Francis, J., Iqbal, A., Punjabivaryani, P., Anonuevo Reyes, J., Anonuevo Reyes, M., Pauls, M., Buch, A., Hedstrom, A., Hutchinson, C., Kirkland, C., Newham, J., Wilkes, G., Fleming, L., Fleck, N., Franca, A., Chwal, B., Oldoni, C., Mantovani, G., Noll, G., Zanella, L., Soma, M., Secchi, T., Borelli, W., Rimoli, B.P., da Cunha Silva, G.H., Machado Galvao Mondin, L.A., Barbosa Cerantola, R., Imthon, A.K., Esaki, A.S., Camilo, M., Vincenzi, O.C., ds Cruz, R.R., Morillos, M.B., Riccioppa Rodrigues, G.G., Santos Ferreira, K., Pazini, A.M., Pena Pereira, M.A., de Albuquerque, A.L.A., Massote Fontanini, C.E., Matinez Rubio, C.F., dos Santos, D.T., Dias, F.A., Alves, F.F.A., Milani, C., Pegorer Santos, B., Winckler, F., De Souza, J.T., Bonome, L.A.M., Cury Silva, V.A., Teodoro, R.S., Modolo, G.P., Ferreira, N.C., Barbosa dos Santos, D.F., dos Santos Moreira, J.C., Cruz Guedes de Morais, A.B., Vieira, J., Mendes, G., de Queiroz, J.P., Coutts, Shelagh B, Ankolekar, Sandeep, Appireddy, Ramana, Arenillas, Juan F, Assis, Zarina, Bailey, Peter, Barber, Philip A, Bazan, Rodrigo, Buck, Brian H, Butcher, Ken S, Camden, Marie-Christine, Campbell, Bruce C V, Casaubon, Leanne K, Catanese, Luciana, Chatterjee, Kausik, Choi, Philip M C, Clarke, Brian, Dowlatshahi, Dar, Ferrari, Julia, Field, Thalia S, Ganesh, Aravind, Ghia, Darshan, Goyal, Mayank, Greisenegger, Stefan, Halse, Omid, Horn, Mackenzie, Hunter, Gary, Imoukhuede, Oje, Kelly, Peter J, Kennedy, James, Kleinig, Timothy J, Krishnan, Kailash, Lima, Fabricio, Mandzia, Jennifer L, Marko, Martha, Martins, Sheila O, Medvedev, George, Menon, Bijoy K, Mishra, Sachin M, Molina, Carlos, Moussaddy, Aimen, Muir, Keith W, Parsons, Mark W, Penn, Andrew M W, Pille, Arthur, Pontes-Neto, Octávio M, Roffe, Christine, Serena, Joaquin, Simister, Robert, Singh, Nishita, Spratt, Neil, Strbian, Daniel, Tham, Carol H, Wiggam, M Ivan, Williams, David J, Willmot, Mark R, Wu, Teddy, Yu, Amy Y X, Zachariah, George, Zafar, Atif, Zerna, Charlotte, and Hill, Michael D

Published
2024
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14. Care Gaps and Recommendations in Vestibular Migraine: An Expert Panel Summit

Author

Mallampalli, Monica P, Rizk, Habib G, Kheradmand, Amir, Beh, Shin C, Abouzari, Mehdi, Bassett, Alaina M, Buskirk, James, Ceriani, Claire EJ, Crowson, Matthew G, Djalilian, Hamid, Goebel, Joel A, Kuhn, Jeffery J, Luebke, Anne E, Mandalà, Marco, Nowaczewska, Magdalena, Spare, Nicole, Teggi, Roberto, Versino, Maurizio, Yuan, Hsiangkuo, Zaleski-King, Ashley, Teixido, Michael, and Godley, Frederick

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Migraines, Pain Research, Neurosciences, Headaches, vestibular migraine, chronic migraine, trigemino-vascular pathway, vertigo-pathophysiology, vestibular disorders, Psychology, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

Vestibular migraine (VM) is an increasingly recognized pathology yet remains as an underdiagnosed cause of vestibular disorders. While current diagnostic criteria are codified in the 2012 Barany Society document and included in the third edition of the international classification of headache disorders, the pathophysiology of this disorder is still elusive. The Association for Migraine Disorders hosted a multidisciplinary, international expert workshop in October 2020 and identified seven current care gaps that the scientific community needs to resolve, including a better understanding of the range of symptoms and phenotypes of VM, the lack of a diagnostic marker, a better understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms, as well as the lack of clear recommendations for interventions (nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic) and finally, the need for specific outcome measures that will guide clinicians as well as research into the efficacy of interventions. The expert group issued several recommendations to address those areas including establishing a global VM registry, creating an improved diagnostic algorithm using available vestibular tests as well as others that are in development, conducting appropriate trials of high quality to validate current clinically available treatment and fostering collaborative efforts to elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying VM, specifically the role of the trigemino-vascular pathways.

Published
2022

15. The JSNS^2 Detector

Author

Ajimura, S., Botran, M., Choi, J. H., Choi, J. W., Cheoun, M. K., Dodo, T., Furuta, H., Goh, J., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hino, Y., Hiraiwa, T., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jang, M. C., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jordan, J. R., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, W., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Lee, D. H., Lee, S., Lim, I. T., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Nomachi, M., Pac, M. Y., Park, J. S., Peeters, S. J. M., Ray, H., Roellinghoff, G., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Stancu, I., Sugaya, Y., Suekane, F., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Ujiie, R., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., Yu, I., and Zohaib, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The JSNS^2 (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for oscillations involving a sterile neutrino in the eV^2 mass-splitting range. The experiment will search for the appearance of electron antineutrinos oscillated from muon antineutrinos. The electron antineutrinos are detected via the inverse beta decay process using a liquid scintillator detector. A 1MW beam of 3 GeV protons incident on a spallation neutron target produces an intense and pulsed neutrino source from pion, muon, and kaon decay at rest. The JSNS^2 detector is located 24 m away from the neutrino source and began operation from June 2020. The detector contains 17 tonnes of gadolinium (Gd) loaded liquid scintillator (LS) in an acrylic vessel, as a neutrino target. It is surrounded by 31 tonnes of unloaded LS in a stainless steel tank. Optical photons produced in LS are viewed by 120 R7081 Hamamatsu 10-inch Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs). In this paper, we describe the JSNS^2 detector design, construction, and operation., Comment: 41 pages, 29 figures

Published
2021
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16. Supernova Model Discrimination with Hyper-Kamiokande

Author

Collaboration, Hyper-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Adrich, P., Aihara, H., Akutsu, R., Alekseev, I., Ali, A., Ameli, F., Anghel, I., Anthony, L. H. V., Antonova, M., Araya, A., Asaoka, Y., Ashida, Y., Aushev, V., Ballester, F., Bandac, I., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bellato, M., Berardi, V., Bergevin, M., Bernard, L., Bernardini, E., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blondel, A., Boiano, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonavera, L., Booth, N., Borjabad, S., Boschi, T., Bose, D., Boyd, S . B., Bozza, C., Bravar, A., Bravo-Berguño, D., Bronner, C., Brown, L., Bubak, A., Buchowicz, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Cafagna, F. S., Calabria, N. F., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Cao, S., Cartwright, S. L., Carroll, A., Catanesi, M. G., Cebriàn, S., Chabera, M., Chakraborty, S., Checchia, C., Choi, J. H., Choubey, S., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cowan, G., Cuen-Rochin, S., Danilov, M., Lopez, G. Daz, De la Fuente, E., de Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Densham, C. J., Dergacheva, A., Deshmukh, N., Devi, M. M., Di Lodovico, F., Di Meo, P., Di Palma, I., Doyle, T. A., Drakopoulou, E., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dziewiecki, M., Eklund, L., Hedri, S. El, Ellis, J., Emery, S., Esmaili, A., Esteve, R., Evangelisti, A., Feely, M., Fedotov, S., Feng, J., Fernandez, P., Fernández-Martinez, E., Ferrario, P., Ferrazzi, B., Feusels, T., Finch, A., Finley, C., Fiorentini, A., Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M., Frankiewicz, K., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galinski, G., Gao, J., Garde, C., Garfagnini, A., Garode, S., Gialanella, L., Giganti, C., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., González-Nuevo, J., Gorin, A., Gornea, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Gramegna, F., Grassi, M., Grella, G., Guigue, M., Gumplinger, P., Hadley, D. R., Harada, M., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Hernando-Morata, J. A., Herrero, V., Hill, J., Hiraide, K., Hirota, S., Holin, A., Horiuchi, S., Hoshina, K., Hultqvist, K., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ibnsalih, W. Idrissi, Iijima, T., Ikeda, M., Inomoto, M., Inoue, K., Insler, J., Ioannisian, A., Ishida, T., Ishidoshiro, K., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ito, S., Itow, Y., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Izumi, N., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jenkins, S. J., Jeon, S. H., Jiang, M., Jo, H. S., Jonsson, P., Joo, K. K., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kano, Y., Kalaczynski, P., Karlen, D., Kasperek, J., Kataoka, Y., Kato, A., Katori, T., Kazarian, N., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kikec, M., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., King, S., Kinoshita, T., Kisiel, J., Klekotko, A., Kobayashi, T., Koch, L., Koga, M., Koerich, L., Kolev, N., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Korzenev, A., Kotsar, Y., Kouzakov, K. A., Kowalik, K. L., Kravchuk, L., Kryukov, A. P., Kudenko, Y., Kumita, T., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwak, K., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., James, M. Lamers, Lamoureux, M., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Learned, J. G., Lee, J., Leitner, R., Lezaun, V., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Magar, K., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Malinský, M., Marchi, T., Maret, L., Mariani, C., Marinelli, A., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Marzec, J., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Matsuno, S., Matusiak, M., Mazzucato, E., McCarthy, M., McCauley, N., McElwee, J., McGrew, C., Mefodiev, A., Medhi, A., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Mermod, P., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Migliozzi, P., Mijakowski, P., Miki, S., Miller, E. W., Minakata, H., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mitra, A., Miura, M., Moharana, R., Mollo, C. M., Mondal, T., Mongelli, M., Monrabal, F., Moon, D. H., Moon, C. S., Mora, F. J., Moriyama, S., Mueller, Th. A., Munteanu, L., Murase, K., Nagao, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakai, S., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, KI., Nakamura, H., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Machado, L. Nascimento, Naseby, C. E. R., Navarro-Garcia, B., Needham, M., Nicholls, T., Niewczas, K., Nishimura, Y., Noah, E., Nova, F., Nugent, J. C., Nunokawa, H., Obrebski, W., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., O'Connor, E., Ogawa, N., Ogitsu, T., Ohta, K., Okamoto, K., O'Keeffe, H. M., Okumura, K., Onishchuk, Y., Orozco-Luna, F., Oshlianskyi, A., Ospina, N., Ostrowski, M., O'Sullivan, E., O'Sullivan, L., Ovsiannikova, T., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, H., Pac, M. Y., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Parsa, S., Pasternak, J., Pastore, C., Pastuszak, G., Patel, D. A., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Peña-Garay, C., Pidcott, C., Guerra, E. Pinzon, Playfer, S., Pointon, B. W., Popov, A., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Pozimski, J., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Przewlocki, P., Quilain, B., Quiroga, A. A., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Rajda, P. J., Renner, J., Rescigno, M., Retiere, F., Ricciardi, G., Riccio, C., Richards, B., Rondio, E., Rose, H. J., Roskovec, B., Roth, S., Rott, C., Rountree, S. D., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Ruggles, C., Russo, S., Rychter, A., Ryu, D., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Sánchez, F., Sánchez, M. L., Sanchez, M. C., Sano, S., Santos, J. D., Santucci, G., Sarmah, P., Sashima, I., Sato, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Seo, S. H., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shan, Z., Shaykina, A., Shimizu, I., Shin, C. D., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Sinnis, G., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Spisso, B., Spradlin, P., Stankevich, K. L., Stawarz, L., Stellacci, S. M., Stopa, K., Studenikin, A. I., Gómez, S. L. Suárez, Suganuma, T., Suvorov, S., Suwa, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Svirida, D., Svoboda, R., Taani, M., Tada, M., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Taketa, A., Takeuchi, Y., Takhistov, V., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, H. I., Tanaka, M., Tashiro, T., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Toledo, J., Tomatani-Sánchez, A. K., Tortone, G., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Valder, S., Valentino, V., Vasseur, G., Vijayvargi, A., Vilela, C., Vinning, W. G. S., Vivolo, D., Vladisavljevic, T., Vogelaar, R. B., Vyalkov, M. M., Wachala, T., Walker, J., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Wendell, R. A., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Wilson, J. R., Wronka, S., Xia, J., Xie, Z., Xin, T., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamamoto, K., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yeum, D. N., Yokoyama, M., Yonenaga, M., Yoo, J., Yu, I., Yu, M., Zakrzewski, T., Zaldivar, B., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Ziembicki, M., Zietara, K., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Core-collapse supernovae are among the most magnificent events in the observable universe. They produce many of the chemical elements necessary for life to exist and their remnants -- neutron stars and black holes -- are interesting astrophysical objects in their own right. However, despite millennia of observations and almost a century of astrophysical study, the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae is not yet well understood. Hyper-Kamiokande is a next-generation neutrino detector that will be able to observe the neutrino flux from the next galactic core-collapse supernova in unprecedented detail. We focus on the first 500 ms of the neutrino burst, corresponding to the accretion phase, and use a newly-developed, high-precision supernova event generator to simulate Hyper-Kamiokande's response to five different supernova models. We show that Hyper-Kamiokande will be able to distinguish between these models with high accuracy for a supernova at a distance of up to 100 kpc. Once the next galactic supernova happens, this ability will be a powerful tool for guiding simulations towards a precise reproduction of the explosion mechanism observed in nature., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures. Article based on thesis published as arXiv:2002.01649. v2: added references and some explanations in response to reviewer comments

Published
2021
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17. Proposal: JSNS$^2$-II

Author

Ajimura, S., Botran, M., Choi, J. H., Choi, J. W., Cheoun, M. K., Dodo, T., Furuta, H., Goh, J., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hino, Y., Hiraiwa, T., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jang, M. C., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jordan, J. R., EJung, D., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Konno, T., Kinoshita, H., Lee, D. H., Lee, S., Lim, I. T., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Nomachi, M., Pac, M. Y., Park, J. S., Peeters, S. J. M., Ray, H., Roellinghoff, G., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Stancu, I., Sugaya, Y., Suekane, F., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Ujiie, R., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., Yu, I., and Zohaib, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This article describes the goal and expected sensitivity of the JSNS$^2$-II experiment at J-PARC Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF). The JSNS$^2$-II experiment is the second phase of the JSNS$^2$ experiment (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) with two detectors which are located in 24 m (an existing detector) and 48 m (new one) baselines to improve the sensitivity of the search for sterile neutrinos, especially in the low $\Delta m^2$ region, which has been indicated by the global fit of the appearance mode. The new second detector has a similar structure as the existing JSNS$^2$ detector, which is already working. To compensate for the reduction of the neutrino flux due to the distance from the mercury target, the target mass of the Gd-loaded liquid scintillator which is the Linear AlkylBenzene (LAB) based liquid scintillator inside the acrylic vessel is 35 tons. To keep the same photo-coverage of the detector as the first detector, we will surround the acrylic vessel with 240 PMTs. With this experimental setup and 5 years (times 1 MW beam power) exposure, the sensitivity of the JSNS$^2$-II is significantly improved compared to the current JSNS$^2$, especially in the low $\Delta m^2$ oscillation parameter region. The JSNS$^2$-II can also confirm or refute the most of the oscillation parameters' space preferred by the previous experiments with 3 sigma C.L.. Considering these situations and world wide status of the sterile neutrino searches, we are eager to start the data taking with the two detector configuration from 2023. The fund to build the second detector was already secured.

Published
2020

18. Search for sterile neutrino oscillation using RENO and NEOS data

Author

Atif, Z., Choi, J. H., Han, B. Y., Jang, C. H., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, E. J., Jeon, S. H., Joo, K. K., Ju, K., Jung, D. E., Kim, H. J., Kim, H. S., Kim, J. G., Kim, J. H., Kim, B. R., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kim, Y. D., Ko, Y. J., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lee, H. G., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Oh, Y. M., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, K. S., Pac, M. Y., Seo, H., Seo, J. W., Seo, K. M., Shin, C. D., Siyeon, K., Sun, G. M., Yang, B. S., Yoo, J., Yoon, S. G., Yeo, I. S., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present a reactor model independent search for sterile neutrino oscillation using 2\,509\,days of RENO near detector data and 180 days of NEOS data. The reactor related systematic uncertainties are significantly suppressed as both detectors are located at the same reactor complex of Hanbit Nuclear Power Plant. The search is performed by electron antineutrino\,($\overline{\nu}_e$) disappearance between six reactors and two detectors with baselines of 294\,m\,(RENO) and 24\,m\,(NEOS). A spectral comparison of the NEOS prompt-energy spectrum with a no-oscillation prediction from the RENO measurement can explore reactor $\overline{\nu}_e$ oscillations to sterile neutrino. Based on the comparison, we obtain a 95\% C.L. excluded region of $0.1<|\Delta m_{41}^2|<7$\,eV$^2$. We also obtain a 68\% C.L. allowed region with the best fit of $|\Delta m_{41}^2|=2.41\,\pm\,0.03\,$\,eV$^2$ and $\sin^2 2\theta_{14}$=0.08$\,\pm\,$0.03 with a p-value of 8.2\%. Comparisons of obtained reactor antineutrino spectra at reactor sources are made among RENO, NEOS, and Daya Bay to find a possible spectral variation., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures: This manuscript has been significantly revised by the joint reanalysis by RENO and NEOS Collaborations. (In the previous edition, the RENO collaboration used publicly available NEOS data to evaluate the expected neutrino spectrum at NEOS.); auxiliary file for data release including error matrix (RENO_NEOS_data_release.txt)

Published
2020
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19. Measurement of Reactor Antineutrino Flux and Spectrum at RENO

Author

Yoon, S. G., Seo, H., Atif, Z., Choi, J. H., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, S. H., Joo, K. K., Ju, K., Jung, D. E., Kim, J. G., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lee, H. G., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Pac, M. Y., Seo, J. W., Shin, C. D., Yang, B. S., Yoo, J., Yeo, I. S., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The RENO experiment reports measured flux and energy spectrum of reactor electron antineutrinos\,($\overline{\nu}_e$) from the six reactors at Hanbit Nuclear Power Plant. The measurements use 966\,094\,(116\,111)\,$\overline{\nu}_e$ candidate events with a background fraction of 2.39\%\,(5.13\%), acquired in the near\,(far) detector, from August 2011 to March 2020. The inverse beta decay (IBD) yield is measured as (5.852$\,\pm\,$0.124$) \times 10^{-43}$\,cm$^2$/fission, corresponding to 0.941\,$\pm$ 0.019 of the prediction by the Huber and Mueller (HM) model. A reactor $\overline{\nu}_e$ spectrum is obtained by unfolding a measured IBD prompt spectrum. The obtained neutrino spectrum shows a clear excess around 6\,MeV relative to the HM prediction. The obtained reactor $\overline{\nu}_e$ spectrum will be useful for understanding unknown neutrino properties and reactor models. The observed discrepancies suggest the next round of precision measurements and modification of the current reactor $\overline{\nu}_e$ models.

Published
2020
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20. The Hyper-Kamiokande Experiment -- Snowmass LOI

Author

Collaboration, Hyper-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Adrich, P., Aihara, H., Akutsu, R., Alekseev, I., Ali, A., Ameli, F., Anthony, L. H. V., Araya, A., Asaoka, Y., Aushev, V., Bandac, I., Barbi, M., Barr, G., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bellato, M., Berardi, V., Bernard, L., Bernardini, E., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Boiano, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonavera, L., Borjabad, S., Boschi, T., Bose, D., Boyd, S . B., Bozza, C., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bubak, A., Buchowicz, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Cafagna, F. S., Calabria, N. F., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Cao, S., Catanesi, M. G., Chakraborty, S., Choi, J. H., Choubey, S., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cuen-Rochin, S., Danilov, M., De la Fuente, E., de Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Densham, C. J., Dergacheva, A., Deshmukh, N., Devi, M. M., Di Lodovico, F., Di Meo, P., Di Palma, I., Doyle, T. A., Drakopoulou, E., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Eklund, L., Hedri, S. El, Ellis, J., Emery, S., Esmaili, A., Fedotov, S., Feng, J., Fernández-Martinez, E., Ferrario, P., Ferrazzi, B., Finch, A., Finley, C., Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galinski, G., Gao, J., Garde, C., Garfagnini, A., Garode, S., Gialanella, L., Giganti, C., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., González-Nuevo, J., Gorin, A., Gornea, R., Gramegna, F., Grassi, M., Grella, G., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Harada, M., Hartz, M., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hoshina, K., Hultqvist, K., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ibnsalih, W. Idrissi, Ikeda, M., Inomoto, M., Ioannisian, A., Ishida, T., Ishidoshiro, K., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ito, S., Itow, Y., Iwamoto, K., Izumi, N., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, J. S., Jo, H. S., Jonsson, P., Joo, K. K., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kano, Y., Karlen, D., Kataoka, Y., Kato, A., Katori, T., Kazarian, N., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., King, S., Kinoshita, T., Kisiel, J., Klekotko, A., Kobayashi, T., Koerich, L., Kolev, N., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Kotsar, Y., Kouzakov, K. A., Kowalik, K. L., Kravchuk, L., Kryukov, A. P., Kudenko, Y., Kumita, T., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwak, K., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., Lamoureux, M., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lee, J., Leitner, R., Lezaun, V., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Magar, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Malinský, M., Marchi, T., Mariani, C., Marinelli, A., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Marzec, J., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., McCauley, N., Medhi, A., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Migliozzi, P., Miki, S., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mitra, A., Miura, M., Moharana, R., Mollo, C. M., Mondal, T., Mongelli, M., Monrabal, F., Moon, D. H., Moon, C. S., Moriyama, S., Mueller, T., Nagao, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakai, S., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, KI., Nakamura, H., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Machado, L. Nascimento, Naseby, C. E. R., Navarro-Garcia, B., Needham, M., Niewczas, K., Nishimura, Y., Nova, F., Nugent, J. C., Nunokawa, H., Obrebski, W., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., O'Connor, E., Ogawa, N., Ogitsu, T., Okamoto, K., O'Keeffe, H. M., Okumura, K., Onishchuk, Y., Orozco-Luna, F., Oshlianskyi, A., Ospina, N., Ostrowski, M., O'Sullivan, E., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, H., Pac, M. Y., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Pari, M., Pasternak, J., Pastore, C., Pastuszak, G., Patel, D. A., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Peña-Garay, C., Pidcott, C., Playfer, S., Pointon, B. W., Popov, A., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Quilain, B., Quiroga, A. A., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Rajda, P. J., Rescigno, M., Ricciardi, G., Richards, B., Rondio, E., Roskovec, B., Roth, S., Rott, C., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Russo, S., Rychter, A., Ryu, D., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Sánchez, F., Sánchez, M. L., Sano, S., Santos, J. D., Santucci, G., Sarmah, P., Sato, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Sgalaberna, D., Shaykina, A., Shimizu, I., Shin, C. D., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Spisso, B., Spradlin, P., Stankevich, K. L., Stawarz, L., Stellacci, S. M., Studenikin, A. I., Gómez, S. L. Suárez, Suganuma, T., Suvorov, S., Suwa, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, Y., Svirida, D., Taani, M., Tada, M., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Taketa, A., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. I., Tanaka, M., Tashiro, T., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Tomatani-Sánchez, A. K., Tortone, G., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Valder, S., Valentino, V., Vasseur, G., Vijayvargi, A., Vinning, W. G. S., Vivolo, D., Vogelaar, R. B., Vyalkov, M. M., Wachala, T., Walker, J., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Wendell, R. A., Wilson, J. R., Wronka, S., Xia, J., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamamoto, K., Yano, T., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoo, J., Yu, I., Zakrzewski, T., Zaldivar, B., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Ziembicki, M., Zietara, K., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Hyper-Kamiokande is the next generation underground water Cherenkov detector that builds on the highly successful Super-Kamiokande experiment. The detector which has an 8.4~times larger effective volume than its predecessor will be located along the T2K neutrino beamline and utilize an upgraded J-PARC beam with 2.6~times beam power. Hyper-K's low energy threshold combined with the very large fiducial volume make the detector unique, that is expected to acquire an unprecedented exposure of 3.8~Mton$\cdot$year over a period of 20~years of operation. Hyper-Kamiokande combines an extremely diverse science program including nucleon decays, long-baseline neutrino oscillations, atmospheric neutrinos, and neutrinos from astrophysical origins. The scientific scope of this program is highly complementary to liquid-argon detectors for example in sensitivity to nucleon decay channels or supernova detection modes. Hyper-Kamiokande construction has started in early 2020 and the experiment is expected to start operations in 2027. The Hyper-Kamiokande collaboration is presently being formed amongst groups from 19 countries including the United States, whose community has a long history of making significant contributions to the neutrino physics program in Japan. US physicists have played leading roles in the Kamiokande, Super-Kamiokande, EGADS, K2K, and T2K programs., Comment: 6 pages, prepared as Snowmass2021 LOI

Published
2020

21. Search for Sub-eV Sterile Neutrino at RENO

Author

The RENO Collaboration, Choi, J. H., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, S. H., Joo, K. K., Ju, K., Jung, D. E., Kim, J. G., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lee, H. G., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Pac, M. Y., Seo, H., Seo, J. W., Shin, C. D., Yang, B. S., Yoo, J., Yoon, S. G., Yeo, I. S., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report a search result for a light sterile neutrino oscillation with roughly 2200 live days of data in the RENO experiment. The search is performed by electron antineutrino ($\overline{\nu}_e$) disappearance taking place between six 2.8 GW$_{\text{th}}$ reactors and two identical detectors located at 294 m (near) and 1383 m (far) from the center of reactor array. A spectral comparison between near and far detectors can explore reactor $\overline{\nu}_e$ oscillations to a light sterile neutrino. An observed spectral difference is found to be consistent with that of the three-flavor oscillation model. This yields limits on $\sin^{2} 2\theta_{14}$ in the $10^{-4} \lesssim |\Delta m_{41}^2| \lesssim 0.5$ eV$^2$ region, free from reactor $\overline{\nu}_e$ flux and spectrum uncertainties. The RENO result provides the most stringent limits on sterile neutrino mixing at $|\Delta m^2_{41}| \lesssim 0.002$ eV$^2$ using the $\overline{\nu}_e$ disappearance channel.

Published
2020
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22. The JSNS$^{2}$ data acquisition system

Author

Park, J. S., Ajimura, S., Botran, M., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Dodo, T., Furuta, H., Gwak, P., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hino, Y., Hiraiwa, T., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jang, M., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jordan, J. R., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Konno, T., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lim, I. T., Maruyama, T., Marzec, E., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Nomachi, M., Pac, M. Y., Peeters, S. J. M., Ray, H., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Seo, H., Seo, J. H., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Stancu, I., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Ujiie, R., Yeh, M., Yu, I., and Zohaib, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The JSNS$^{2}$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for neutrino oscillations over a 24 m short baseline at J-PARC. The JSNS$^{2}$ inner detector is filled with 17 tons of gadolinium(Gd)-loaded liquid scintillator (LS) with an additional 31 tons of unloaded LS in the intermediate $\gamma$-catcher and an optically separated outer veto volumes. A total of 120 10-inch photomultiplier tubes observe the scintillating optical photons and each analog waveform is stored with the flash analog-to-digital converters. We present details of the data acquisition, processing, and data quality monitoring system. We also present two different trigger logics which are developed for the beam and self-trigger., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures

Published
2020

23. Performance of PMTs for the JSNS2 experiment

Author

Park, J. S., Furuta, H., Maruyama, T., Monjushiro, S., Nishikawa, K., Taira, M., Jang, J. S., Joo, K. K., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Seo, J. H., Shin, C. D., Zohaib, A., Gwak, P., Jang, M., Ajimura, S., Hiraiwa, T., Nakano, T., Nomachi, M., Shima, T., Sugaya, Y., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Pac, M. Y., Dodo, T., Hino, Y., Suekane, F., Ujiie, R., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Kasugai, Y., Meigo, S., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Suzuya, K., Jordan, J. R., Spitz, J., Marzec, E., Botran, M., Kawasaki, T., Konno, T., Jang, H. I., Kang, S. K., Kim, E. J., Seo, H., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Niiyama, M., Peeters, S. J. M., Ray, H., Rott, C., Yu, I., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Jung, D. E., Kim, S. B., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Stancu, I., and Yeh, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The JSNS$^{2}$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for neutrino oscillations over a 24\,m short baseline at J-PARC. The JSNS$^{2}$ inner detector is filled with 17 tons of gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillator (LS) and both the intermediate $\gamma$-catcher and the optically separated outer veto are filled with un-loaded LS. Optical photons from scintillation are observed by 120 Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs). A total of 130 PMTs for the JSNS2 experiment were both donated by other experiments and purchased from Hamamatsu. Donated PMTs were purchased around 10 years ago, therefore JSNS$^{2}$ did pre-calibration of the PMTs including the purchased PMTs. 123 PMTs demonstrated acceptable performance for the JSNS$^{2}$ experiment, and 120 PMTs were installed in the detector.

Published
2020
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24. Slow control and monitoring system at the JSNS$^{2}$

Author

Park, J. S., Ajimura, S., Botran, M., Choi, J. H., Choi, J. W., Cheoun, M. K., Dodo, T., Furuta, H., Goh, J., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hino, Y., Hiraiwa, T., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jang, M. C., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jordan, J. R., Jung, D. E, Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, W., Konno, T., Lee, D. H., Lee, S., Lim, I. T., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Nomachi, M., Pac, M. Y., Peeters, S. J. M., Ray, H., Roellingho, G., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Stancu, I., Sugaya, Y., Suekane, F., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Ujiie, R., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., Yu, I., and Zohaib, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The JSNS$^2$ experiment is aimed to search for sterile neutrino oscillations using a neutrino beam from muon decays at rest. The JSNS$^2$ detector contains 17 tons of 0.1\% gadolinium (Gd) loaded liquid scintillator (LS) as a neutrino target. Detector construction was completed in the spring of 2020. A slow control and monitoring system (SCMS) was implemented for reliable control and quick monitoring of the detector operational status and environmental conditions. It issues an alarm if any of the monitored parameters exceed a preset acceptable range. The SCMS monitors the high voltage (HV) of the photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), the LS level in the detector, possible LS overflow and leakage, the temperature and air pressure in the detector, the humidity of the experimental hall, and the LS flow rate during filling and extraction. An initial 10 days of data-taking with a neutrino beam was done following a successful commissioning of the detector and SCMS in June 2020. In this paper, we present a description of the assembly and installation of the SCMS and its performance., Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures

Published
2020

25. Observation of Reactor Antineutrino Disappearance Using Delayed Neutron Capture on Hydrogen at RENO

Author

Shin, C. D., Atif, Zohaib, Bak, G., Choi, J. H., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, S. H., Joo, K. K., Ju, K., Jung, D. E., Kim, J. G., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lee, H. G., Lee, Y. C., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Pac, M. Y., Rott, C., Seo, H., Seo, J. H., Seo, J. W., Seo, S. H., Yang, B. S., Yang, J. Y., Yoo, J., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Reactor Experiment for Neutrino Oscillation (RENO) experiment has been taking data using two identical liquid scintillator detectors of 44.5 tons since August 2011. The experiment has observed the disappearance of reactor neutrinos in their interactions with free protons, followed by neutron capture on hydrogen. Based on 1500 live days of data taken with 16.8 GW$_{th}$ reactors at the Hanbit Nuclear Power Plant in Korea, the near (far) detector observes 567690 (90747) electron antineutrino candidate events with a delayed neutron capture on hydrogen. This provides an independent measurement of $\theta_{13}$ and a consistency check on the validity of the result from n-Gd data. Furthermore, it provides an important cross-check on the systematic uncertainties of the n-Gd measurement. Based on a rate-only analysis, we obtain sin$^{2}$2$\theta _{13}$= 0.087 $\pm$ 0.008 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.014 (syst.)., Comment: 26 pages, 19 figures, 6 tables

Published
2019

26. An international code comparison study on coupled thermal, hydrologic and geomechanical processes of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediments

Author

White, MD, Kneafsey, TJ, Seol, Y, Waite, WF, Uchida, S, Lin, JS, Myshakin, EM, Gai, X, Gupta, S, Reagan, MT, Queiruga, AF, Kimoto, S, Participants, IGHCCS2, Baker, RC, Boswell, R, Ciferno, J, Collett, T, Choi, J, Dai, S, De La Fuente, M, Fu, P, Fujii, T, Intihar, CG, Jang, J, Ju, X, Kang, J, Kim, JH, Kim, JT, Kim, SJ, Koh, C, Konno, Y, Kumagai, K, Lee, JY, Lee, WS, Lei, L, Liu, F, Luo, H, Moridis, GJ, Morris, J, Nole, M, Otsuki, S, Sanchez, M, Shang, S, Shin, C, Shin, HS, Soga, K, Sun, X, Suzuki, S, Tenma, N, Xu, T, Yamamoto, K, Yoneda, J, Yonkofski, CM, Yoon, HC, You, K, Yuan, Y, Zerpa, L, and Zyrianova, M

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Geology, Natural gas hydrates, Numerical simulation, Coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) processes, Code comparison, Geomechanics, Geophysics
Abstract

Geologic reservoirs containing gas hydrate occur beneath permafrost environments and within marine continental slope sediments, representing a potentially vast natural gas source. Numerical simulators provide scientists and engineers with tools for understanding how production efficiency depends on the numerous, interdependent (coupled) processes associated with potential production strategies for these gas hydrate reservoirs. Confidence in the modeling and forecasting abilities of these gas hydrate reservoir simulators (GHRSs) grows with successful comparisons against laboratory and field test results, but such results are rare, particularly in natural settings. The hydrate community recognized another approach to building confidence in the GHRS: comparing simulation results between independently developed and executed computer codes on structured problems specifically tailored to the interdependent processes relevant for gas hydrate-bearing systems. The United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, (DOE/NETL), sponsored the first international gas hydrate code comparison study, IGHCCS1, in the early 2000s. IGHCCS1 focused on coupled thermal and hydrologic processes associated with producing gas hydrates from geologic reservoirs via depressurization and thermal stimulation. Subsequently, GHRSs have advanced to model more complex production technologies and incorporate geomechanical processes into the existing framework of coupled thermal and hydrologic modeling. This paper contributes to the validation of these recent GHRS developments by providing results from a second GHRS code comparison study, IGHCCS2, also sponsored by DOE/NETL. IGHCCS2 includes participants from an international collection of universities, research institutes, industry, national laboratories, and national geologic surveys. Study participants developed a series of five benchmark problems principally involving gas hydrate processes with geomechanical components. The five problems range from simple geometries with analytical solutions to a representation of the world's first offshore production test of methane hydrates, which was conducted with the depressurization method off the coast of Japan. To identify strengths and limitations in the various GHRSs, study participants submitted solutions for the benchmark problems and discussed differing results via teleconferences. The GHRSs evolved over the course of IGHCCS2 as researchers modified their simulators to reflect new insights, lessons learned, and suggested performance enhancements. The five benchmark problems, final sample solutions, and lessons learned that are presented here document the study outcomes and serve as a reference guide for developing and testing gas hydrate reservoir simulators.

Published
2020

29. Measurement of Reactor Antineutrino Oscillation Amplitude and Frequency at RENO

Author

Bak, G., Choi, J. H., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, S. H., Joo, K. K., Ju, K., Jung, D. E., Kim, J. G., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lee, H. G., Lee, Y. C., Lim, I. T., Moon, D. H., Pac, M. Y., Park, Y. S., Rott, C., Seo, H., Seo, J. W., Seo, S. H., Shin, C. D., Yamg, J. Y., Yoo, J., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The RENO experiment reports more precisely measured values of $\theta_{13}$ and $|\Delta m_{ee}^2|$ using $\sim$2\,200 live days of data. The amplitude and frequency of reactor electron antineutrino ($\overline{\nu}_e$) oscillation are measured by comparing the prompt signal spectra obtained from two identical near and far detectors. In the period between August 2011 and February 2018, the far (near) detector observed 103\,212 (850\,666) electron antineutrino candidate events with a background fraction of 4.7\% (2.0\%). A clear energy and baseline dependent disappearance of reactor $\overline{\nu}_e$ is observed in the deficit of the measured number of $\overline{\nu}_e$. Based on the measured far-to-near ratio of prompt spectra, we obtain $\sin^2 2 \theta_{13} = 0.0896 \pm 0.0048({\rm stat}) \pm 0.0048({\rm syst})$ and $|\Delta m_{ee}^2| =[2.68 \pm 0.12({\rm stat}) \pm 0.07({\rm syst})]\times 10^{-3}$~eV$^2$., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, updated with rephrase in the text for clarity

Published
2018
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32. Spectral Measurement of the Electron Antineutrino Oscillation Amplitude and Frequency using 500 Live Days of RENO Data

Author

Seo, S. H., Choi, W. Q., Seo, H., Choi, J. H., Choi, Y., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Joo, K. K., Kim, B. R., Kim, H. S., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., Kim, W., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lee, Y. C., Lim, I. T., Pac, M. Y., Park, I. G., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Seon, Y. G., Shin, C. D., Yang, J. H., Yang, J. Y., Yeo, I. S., and Yu, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Reactor Experiment for Neutrino Oscillation (RENO) has been taking electron antineutrino ($\overline{\nu}_{e}$) data from the reactors in Yonggwang, Korea, using two identical detectors since August 2011. Using roughly 500 live days of data through January 2013 we observe 290,775 (31,514) reactor $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ candidate events with 2.8 (4.9)% background in the near (far) detector. The observed visible positron spectra from the reactor $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ events in both detectors show discrepancy around 5 MeV with regard to the prediction from the current reactor $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ model. Based on a far-to-near ratio measurement using the spectral and rate information we have obtained $\sin^2 2 \theta_{13} = 0.082 \pm 0.009({\rm stat.}) \pm 0.006({\rm syst.})$ and $|\Delta m_{ee}^2| =[2.62_{-0.23}^{+0.21}({\rm stat.})_{-0.13}^{+0.12}({\rm syst.})]\times 10^{-3}$eV$^2$., Comment: 24 pages, 30 figures. Submitted to PRD. Total detection efficiency change from 76.44% to 76.47%. Some modifications of text to improve readability and clarification of the paper

Published
2016
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33. In-Situ Measurement of Relative Attenuation Length of Gadolinium-Loaded Liquid Scintillator Using Source Data at RENO Experiment

Author

Kim, H. S., Kim, S. Y., Choi, J. H., Choi, W. Q., Choi, Y., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Joo, K. K., Kim, B. R., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, W., Kwon, E., Lee, D. H., Lim, I. T., Pac, M. Y., Park, I. G., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Seo, H., Seo, S. H., Seon, Y. G., Shin, C. D., Yeo, I. S., and Yu, I.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present in situ measurements of the relative attenuation length of the gadolinium loaded liquid scintillator in the RENO (Reactor Experiment Neutrino Oscillation) detectors using radioactive source calibration data. We observed a steady decrease in the attenuation length of the Gd-LS in the RENO detectors by 50% in about four years since the commissioning of the detectors., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures

Published
2016
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34. Effect of block copolymer morphology controlled by casting-solvent quality on pervaporation of butanol/water mixtures

Author

Shin, C, Chelsea Chen, X, Prausnitz, JM, and Balsara, NP

Subjects
Block copolymer morphology, Casting-solvent, Permeability, Pervaporation, Morphology factor, Chemical Engineering, Chemical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract

Motivated by the need for developing membranes for biofuel purification, we made pervaporation membranes by casting a polystyrene-b-polydimethylsiloxane-b-polystyrene (SDS) triblock copolymer using toluene, cyclohexane, and hexane as casting solvents. The three solvents have different affinities for each of the blocks of the SDS, which enables the creation of membranes with different nano-morphologies using the same block copolymer. These membranes were used in pervaporation experiments with butanol/water mixtures as the feed solution. We quantify the effect of morphology on butanol and water permeabilities. Poorly-ordered granular morphology, obtained from hexane-cast membranes, is optimal for selective butanol transport. Butanol permeability was a more sensitive function of morphology than water permeability. Butanol uptake measurements showed that morphology had negligible effects on solubility. Therefore, we attribute the dependence of permeability on morphology to differences in diffusivities.

Published
2017

35. Effect of pore penetration on transport through supported membranes studied by electron microscopy and pervaporation

Author

Shin, C, Jiang, X, Ko, W, and Balsara, NP

Subjects
Pore penetration, Supported membrane, Block copolymer, Permeability, Stem Cell Research, Chemical Engineering, Chemical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract

It has long been recognized that the performance of supported membranes comprising a thin, selective layer and a microporous support layer, is affected by penetration of the selective layer into the porous support. We have attempted to shed light on this phenomenon using a combination of pervaporation experiments and hard angle dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). We use a nanophase-separated polystyrene-b-polydimethylsiloxane-b-polystyrene (SDS) as the selective layer and microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as the support layer. Effective permeabilities of butanol and water were measured as a function of selective layer thickness using a dilute butanol/water mixture as the feed in pervaporation. We were able to estimate the pore penetration layer thickness by comparing experiments with model calculations. We were also able to directly observe the pore penetration by HAADF-STEM. The choice in using a nanophase-separated block copolymer as the selective layer enabled identification of the regions of pore penetration. The pore penetration layer thickness obtained from the HAADF-STEM micrographs corresponded well with estimates based on pervaporation.

Published
2017

36. Characterization of the correlated background for a sterile neutrino search using the first dataset of the JSNS2 experiment

Author

Hino, Y., Ajimura, S., Cheoun, M. K., Choi, J. H., Dodo, T., Furuta, H., Goh, J., Haga, K., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hiraiwa, T., Hwang, W., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, H., Jeon, S., Joo, K. K., Jordan, J. R., Jung, D. E., Kang, S. K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, W., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Lee, C. Y., Lee, D. H., Lee, S., Lim, I. T., Little, C., Marzec, E., Maruyama, T., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Monjushiro, S., Moon, D. H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Nomachi, M., Pac, M. Y., Park, J. S., Park, R. G., Peeters, S. J. M., Ray, H., Rott, C., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C. D., Spitz, J., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Taira, M., Ujiie, R., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I. S., Yoo, C., and Yu, I.

Published
2022
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37. An international code comparison study on coupled thermal, hydrologic and geomechanical processes of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediments

Author

Baker, R.C., Boswell, R., Ciferno, J., Collett, T., Choi, J., Dai, S., De La Fuente, M., Fu, P., Fujii, T., Intihar, C.G., Jang, J., Ju, X., Kang, J., Kim, J.H., Kim, J.T., Kim, S.J., Koh, C., Konno, Y., Kumagai, K., Lee, J.Y., Lee, W.S., Lei, L., Liu, F., Luo, H., Moridis, G.J., Morris, J., Nole, M., Otsuki, S., Sanchez, M., Shang, S., Shin, C., Shin, H.S., Soga, K., Sun, X., Suzuki, S., Tenma, N., Xu, T., Yamamoto, K., Yoneda, J., Yonkofski, C.M., Yoon, H.C., You, K., Yuan, Y., Zerpa, L., Zyrianova, M., White, M.D., Kneafsey, T.J., Seol, Y., Waite, W.F., Uchida, S., Lin, J.S., Myshakin, E.M., Gai, X., Gupta, S., Reagan, M.T., Queiruga, A.F., and Kimoto, S.

Published
2020
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