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4. Chlorination as Drinking Water Disinfection Technique and Disinfection by Products: A Scientometric Analysis

Author

Shinde, Sapna Ramchandra, Apte, Sayali D, Dr, Khare, Kanchan C, Dr, Otter, Philipp, Mr, Shinde, Sapna Ramchandra, Apte, Sayali D, Dr, Khare, Kanchan C, Dr, and Otter, Philipp, Mr

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2015, defined to achieve a better and more sustainable future, contains goal number 6 related to safe and affordable drinking water facility for all till 2030. The rural and remote areas in the developing countries predominantly face the scarcity of pathogen free drinking water leading to water borne diseases and deaths due to consumption of contaminated water indicating a need of advancement in the drinking water disinfection techniques. The paper discusses scientometric analysis of publication trends in chlorination as a popular disinfection techniques and research related to the Disinfection By Products (DBPs) that are produced due to the reaction between the disinfectant and naturally occurring organic matter in water. The analysis of the existing SCOPUS database from year 2000 to 2020, indicates total of 1279 journal articles, 138 conference proceedings, 88 review papers, and 57 other documents, with the key words ‘drinking water, disinfection, and chlorination’. As per the analysis, United States and China presented maximum publications related to drinking water disinfection using chlorination treatment. The analysis of literature also indicates that there is huge amount of literature related to the formation of alternative DBPs and their hazardous effects on human health. However, as per scopus database only three research documents are registered till date for the removal techniques of DBPs produced after the disinfection process, indicating a need of further research in this area. The literature also suggests the need to engender new technology or optimize the existing technology for minimizing the formation of DBPs.

Published
2021

6. Polychronous (Early Cretaceous to Palaeogene) emplacement of the Mundwara alkaline complex, Rajasthan, India: Ar/Ar geochronology, petrochemistry and geodynamics.

Author

Pande, Kanchan, Cucciniello, Ciro, Sheth, Hetu, Vijayan, Anjali, Sharma, Kamal, Purohit, Ritesh, Jagadeesan, K., and Shinde, Sapna

Subjects
GEOLOGICAL time scales, GEODYNAMICS, PALEOGENE, MAGMATISM, SUBDUCTION
Abstract

The Mundwara alkaline plutonic complex (Rajasthan, north-western India) is considered a part of the Late Cretaceous-Palaeogene Deccan Traps flood basalt province, based on geochronological data (mainly Ar/Ar, on whole rocks, biotite and hornblende). We have studied the petrology and mineral chemistry of some Mundwara mafic rocks containing mica and amphibole. Geothermobarometry indicates emplacement of the complex at middle to upper crustal levels. We have obtained new Ar/Ar ages of 80-84 Ma on biotite separates from mafic rocks and 102-110 Ma on whole-rock nepheline syenites. There is no evidence for excess Ar. The combined results show that some of the constituent intrusions of the Mundwara complex are of Deccan age, but others are older and unrelated to the Deccan Traps. The Mundwara alkaline complex is thus polychronous and similar to many alkaline complexes around the world that show recurrent magmatism, sometimes over hundreds of millions of years. The primary biotite and amphibole in Mundwara mafic rocks indicate hydrous parental magmas, derived from hydrated mantle peridotite at relatively low temperatures, thus ruling out a mantle plume. This hydration and metasomatism of the Rajasthan lithospheric mantle may have occurred during Jurassic subduction under Gondwanaland, or Precambrian subduction events. Low-degree decompression melting of this old, enriched lithospheric mantle, due to periodic diffuse lithospheric extension, gradually built the Mundwara complex from the Early Cretaceous to Palaeogene time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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7. Polychronous (Early Cretaceous to Palaeogene) emplacement of the Mundwara alkaline complex, Rajasthan, India: 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, petrochemistry and geodynamics

Author

Kamal Kant Sharma, Hetu Sheth, Ciro Cucciniello, K. C. Jagadeesan, Ritesh Purohit, Anjali Vijayan, Sapna Shinde, Kanchan Pande, Pande, Kanchan, Cucciniello, Ciro, Sheth, Hetu, Vijayan, Anjali, Kant Sharma, Kamal, Purohit, Ritesh, Jagadeesan, K. C., and Shinde, Sapna

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mundwara Alkaline Complex, Geochemistry, India, Biotite, engineering.material, Ar-40/Ar-39 Dating, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Nw India, 01 natural sciences, Magmatic Rocks, Mantle plume, Northern Madagascar, Break-Up, Excess Argon, Ar-40-Ar-39 Geochronology, Amphibole, Deccan Traps, Metasomatism, Petrology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hornblende, Peridotite, Igneous Complex, Siberian Traps, Rajasthan, Flood basalt, engineering, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Flood Basalts, Mafic, Clinopyroxene Geobarometry, Geology
Abstract

The Mundwara alkaline plutonic complex (Rajasthan, north-western India) is considered a part of the Late Cretaceous-Palaeogene Deccan Traps flood basalt province, based on geochronological data (mainly Ar-40/Ar-39, on whole rocks, biotite and hornblende). We have studied the petrology and mineral chemistry of some Mundwara mafic rocks containing mica and amphibole. Geothermobarometry indicates emplacement of the complex at middle to upper crustal levels. We have obtained new Ar-40/Ar-39 ages of 80-84 Ma on biotite separates from mafic rocks and 102-110 Ma on whole-rock nepheline syenites. There is no evidence for excess Ar-40. The combined results show that some of the constituent intrusions of the Mundwara complex are of Deccan age, but others are older and unrelated to the Deccan Traps. The Mundwara alkaline complex is thus polychronous and similar to many alkaline complexes around the world that show recurrent magmatism, sometimes over hundreds of millions of years. The primary biotite and amphibole in Mundwara mafic rocks indicate hydrous parental magmas, derived from hydrated mantle peridotite at relatively low temperatures, thus ruling out a mantle plume. This hydration and metasomatism of the Rajasthan lithospheric mantle may have occurred during Jurassic subduction under Gondwanaland, or Precambrian subduction events. Low-degree decompression melting of this old, enriched lithospheric mantle, due to periodic diffuse lithospheric extension, gradually built the Mundwara complex from the Early Cretaceous to Palaeogene time.

Published
2017

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