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Amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) may provide additional information to computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for detecting the pretreatment diagnosis of intracranial lesions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cutoff values of 11C-METPET, an amino acid PET tracer, in the differentiation of pretreatment brain tumors from non-neoplastic lesions.This retrospective cohort study analyzed 101 pretreatment patients with a definitive diagnosis out of a total of 425 consecutive 11C-METPET imaging studies. The standardized uptake values (SUV) and the ratios of lesion to contralateral normal frontal-lobe gray matter uptake (L/N ratios) were measured. Cutoff values for the differential diagnosis of brain tumors from non-neoplastic lesions were determined using receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis.Based on the ROC analyses, the cutoffs were 3.33 for maximum SUV, 2.54 for mean SUV, 2.33 for peak SUV, 2.04 for Lmax/Nmean, and 2.23 for Lmax/Nmax. The sensitivity and specificity of these cutoffs were 69.2% and 82.6%, respectively, for maximum SUV, 64.1% and 91.3% for mean SUV, 69.2% and 91.3% for peak SUV, 70.5% and 91.3% for Lmax/Nmax and 75.6% and 82.6% for Lmax/Nmean.In differentiating intracranial brain tumor from non-neoplastic lesion with 11C-METPET, the use of optimal cutoff values indicates the high specificity, which means that positive result indicates the high likelihood of brain tumor. Considering the high specificity of 11C-METPET, more invasive examinations such as biopsy may be considered in positive cases.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is useful to detect malignant tumors by imaging glucose or amino acid metabolism. Whole-body PET with the detector arrangement in a large diameter is currently used for brain imaging, however, the detector arrangement in small diameter is better for brain imaging. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) treats brain tumor with maintaining cognitive function. Therefore, it needs more dedicated PET to identify small lesions and their localization. Then, we developed the world's first brain-dedicated PET with detectors arranged in a hemisphere of 28 cm diameter, attaining 2.2 mm in spatial resolution. This development was performed with ATOX CO., LTD and the brain-dedicated PET has been commercialized as VrainTM. Ten normal volunteers (22 - 45 age male) underwent 18FDG-PET using a whole-body PET (Discovery MI, GE) and the brain-PET for 10-min each, which were started 30-min and 45-min after FDG injection, respectively. A phantom with 10-22 diameter hot spheres and background (radioactivity ratio, 4:1) was also acquired by both PET systems, then estimated the radioactivity ratio in case of 2-mm diameter hot sphere. As a results, the inferior colliculus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, and brain stem raphe nucleus were identified with the brain-PET. The inferior colliculus was identified with the whole-body PET, but other nuclei were not. Based on phantom study, it was estimated that radioactivity in a 2-mm diameter sphere was measured with 1.4 - 2.9 times higher contrast than whole-body PET. The substantia nigra and the red nucleus has 5.0-6.0mm in short diameter on MRI T2WI axial image. The raphe nucleus extends laterally to 2.5mm on postmortem brain specimens. We concluded that our brain-dedicated PET can identify approximately 2.5mm diameter tumor clearly and will be particularly useful in SRS.

We investigated the usability of 11C-methionine positron emission tomography (11C-METPET) for the differentiation of intracranial brain tumors from non-neoplastic lesions before treatment. Among 425 consecutive patients who underwent 11C-METPET imaging, 113 pretreatment patients were analyzed. Quantitative data including mean, peak, and maximum standardized uptake values and the ratios of lesion uptake to mean and maximum contralateral normal frontal lobe gray matter uptake (Lmax/Nmean and Lmax/Nmax), were analyzed. Next, the optimal cut-off for the differential diagnosis of brain tumors from non-neoplastic lesions were determined using receiver-operating characteristics curves. Finally, positive and negative predictive value were calculated. The final diagnoses for brain tumors included central nervous system tumor, lymphoma, and metastatic brain tumor, whereas the non-neoplastic lesions included neurovascular disease, dysplasia, encephalopathy, and inflammatory disease. An Lmax/Nmax of greater than 2.01 and an Lmax/Nmean of greater than 2.23 provided the best sensitivity and specificity for the differential diagnosis of brain tumor. However, the positive and negative predictive value were 96.5% and 47.4%, respectively, for Lmax/Nmax, and 93.7% and 50%, respectively, for Lmax/Nmean. Considering high positive predictive value and low negative predictive value in relation to the diagnosis based on the optimal cut-off, the utilization of 11C-METPET imaging before treatment requires careful attention.

Patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) have difficulty knowing whether they are accurately expressing their thoughts and emotions because of disorders of consciousness, disrupted higher brain function, and verbal disturbances. As a consequence of an insufficient ability to communicate, objective evaluations are needed from family members, medical staff, and caregivers. One such evaluation is the assessment of functioning brain areas. Recently, multimodal brain imaging has been used to explore the function of damaged brain areas. [

Patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) have difficulty knowing whether they are accurately expressing their thoughts and emotions because of disorders of consciousness, disrupted higher brain function, and verbal disturbances. As a consequence of an insufficient ability to communicate, objective evaluations are needed from family members, medical staff, and caregivers. One such evaluation is the assessment of functioning brain areas. Recently, multimodal brain imaging has been used to explore the function of damaged brain areas. [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ([18F]FDG-PET/CT) is a successful tool for examining brain function. However, the assessment of brain glucose metabolism based on [18F]FDG-PET/CT is not standardized and depends on several varying parameters, as well as the patient's condition. Here, we describe a series of semiquantitative assessment protocols for a region-of-interest (ROI) image analysis using self-produced [18F]FDG tracers in patients with sTBI. The protocol focuses on screening the participants, preparing the [18F]FDG tracer in the hot lab, scheduling the acquisition of [18F]FDG-PET/CT brain images, and measuring glucose metabolism using the ROI analysis from a targeted brain area.

Little is known about changes in glucose metabolism in patients with chronic severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). It remains to be elucidated how neurological manifestations of sTBI are associated with brain glucose metabolism during longitudinal follow-up. We show here that neurological manifestations are associated with changes of brain glucose metabolism by using two serial 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) images. In this longitudinal observational study, two serial 18F-FDG PET/CT images from each of 45 patients were analyzed for whole-brain maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax). For clinical assessment, we applied two different scales: the coma recovery scale-revised and the original Chiba score with additional information regarding nutrition, excretion, facial expression, and position change of the patient's relative immobility and bedridden state. As a result, the increased FDG uptake group was associated with a high level of wakefulness (first PET, p = 0.04; second PET, p = 0.01) and small ventricular size (first PET, p = 0.01; second PET, p = 0.01). In addition, anticonvulsant withdrawal (p = 0.001), improvement of total Chiba score (p = 0.01), language expression (p = 0.03), position change (p = 0.03), and communication (p = 0.03) were accelerated in the increased FDG uptake group. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients of change in SUVmax and language expression between the first and second PET were 0.4 (p = 0.01). Our results indicate that chronic severe traumatic head injury patients have changed brain glucose metabolism.

Photoinduced charge-separation and charge-recombination processes of the three ferrocene−C60 dyads have been investigated by using laser flash photolysis methods. From molecular orbital calculations, the HOMO states are delocalized over the ferrocene and linking phenyl-ethenyl group connecting ferrocene and C60, while the LUMO states are on C60. From short fluorescence lifetimes (≤ 120 ps) of the fullerene moieties of the dyads, charge separations were suggested. Charge-separated states in the dyads were observed upon femtosecond laser irradiation. The rate constants for the charge separation were on the order of 1010 s-1, and the quantum yields were close to unity in various solvents, such as benzonitrile, anisole, and toluene. It was confirmed that the absorption bands of the radical cation moiety shifted to longer wavelength side in polar solvents, probably due to structural change in the charge-separated states. The lifetimes of the charge-separated states of the dyads with longer linkage became longe...

Photoinduced electron-transfer processes of C60 and C70 from alternating oligomers of phenylenevinylene derivatives (oligo(PV) derivatives) containing triphenylamine (TPA) or carbazole (Cz) and their monomer models (mono(PV) derivatives) in polar solvent have been investigated by nanosecond laser photolysis method with the observation of the transient absorption bands in the visible and near-IR regions. The transient species relating to the electron-transfer processes such as the triplet states of C60/C70 (3C60*/3C70*), radical anions of C60/C70 (C60•-/C70•-), and the radical cations of oligo(PV) derivatives and mono(PV) derivatives were detected in the region of 400−1600 nm. From their decays and rises, it is revealed that the electron-transfer process takes place via 3C60*/3C70* in polar solvent. The transient absorption bands of the radical cations of the PV derivatives revealed the delocalization of the radical-cation center (hole) along the PV backbone containing aromatic amines. In longer time scale...

We have developed a novel direction controlled crystal growth method which makes it possible to fabricate a phase-matched second harmonic generation (SHG) crystal from molten state. A high efficient nonlinear optical crystal, 2-adamantylamino-5-nitropyridine (AANP) was used as an SHG crystal. Glass cells with specific structure made it possible to control the AANP crystal growth direction to the phase-matched angle at 1.55 μm wavelength. X-ray diffraction measurement confirmed that the crystal was fabricated to the direction that we designed.

Proton magnetic resonance thermal analysis was applied to clarify the thermal behavior of a pale lithotype fraction of Bacchus Marsh brown coal (Victoria in Australia). Isothermal measurements at temperatures 400-450°C revealed three main components: two mobile components and one rigid component. The two mobile components could be distinguished by their rates of decrease mainly due to volatilization, but not by their signal lifetimes in solid echo NMR. The rate constants and activation energies were evaluated for the interconversion processes among these components. From the kinetic data, a model for the pyrolysis of this brown coal was proposed.

The electric conductivities of polypyrrole and polythiophene films have been measured as a function of heat-treatment temperature. From room temperature to 150°C, the conductivity of polypyrrole film remained constant. From 150 to 300°C, the conductivity dropped due to the decomposition of polypyrrole and the loss of dopant ion (ClO4−). Above 300°C, the conductivity increased again. Above 750°C, the conductivity was higher than that of the original film due to the formation of carbonaceous materials. The polythiophene film showed a similar tendency to the polypyrrole film. Chemical and spectroscopic methods such as elemental analysis, FT-IR and ESR were employed to determine the origin of the electric conductivity changes.

Photoinduced electron-transfer processes from oligothiophenes (nT)/polythiophene (poly-T) to fullerenes (C60/C70) have been studied by the nanosecond laser flash photolysis method, observing the transient absorption spectra in the visible and near-IR regions. When fullerene was selectively photoexcited in polar solvents, electron transfer from nT to the excited triplet state of fullerene was confirmed. The electron-transfer rate constants increased with the number of repeating unit (n) of nT. On the other hand, the efficiency of electron transfer showed a maximal value at n = 4; for n > 4, electron-transfer efficiency of nT decreased, indicating contribution of other processes such as energy transfer. By the photoexcitation of nT in polar solvent, both electron and energy transfer processes were observed for 4T and 6T. In the case of 3T, energy transfer occurred predominantly even in polar solvent. In nonpolar solvent, energy transfer was a predominant deactivation process. Electron-transfer efficiencies ...

近年,有機非線形光学材料のオプトエレクトロニクス分野での応用展開に大変興味が持たれている有機塩の4-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-1-methylpyridinium tosylate(DAST)結晶は非常に大きな光非線形性を持ち,光スイッチングや波長変換材料として有望視されている。DAST結晶の最大の電気光学定数r11を利用するためには,b軸方向に十分な長さに成長した結晶が必要となる。また,より高効率なデバイスを作製するためには,結晶を導波路構造化する必要がある。本論文では,メタノール溶媒中でのDAST結晶の[100]方向の成長速度が[-100]方向よりも速く,[001]方向の成長速度が[00-1]方向よりも速いことを明らかにし,さらにこの結晶成長速度の異方性を利用して,溝加工を行った基板上で除冷法による種結晶からの結晶成長を行いb軸に平行なリッジ構造を持つ結晶の作製に成功した。

A new scheme of launching coupler for hollow fibers consisting of a lens and a tapered hollow waveguide is proposed to increase the alignment tolerance between the incident beam and a hollow fiber. A series of experiments using the tapered hollow waveguide made of Pyrex glass were performed to investigate the properties and effectiveness of the tapered waveguide and to design the structural parameters of the lensed-taper coupler. We successfully reduced the attenuation of the tapered hollow waveguide with a silver iodide and silver film coated on the inner surface of glass taper. This new launching system has large alignment tolerance for the optical axis of the waveguide.

本報ではニトロン系, スチリル系, アゾベンゼン系の代表的3種のπ共役系有機色素を含有するpoly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) 薄膜にXeランプを照射した場合のホトブリーチング特性の評価を行い, これら薄膜の光導波路への適用性について検討した. スピンコート法によって作製した厚さ数μmの色素含有PMMA薄膜を対象に, (1) ホトブリーチングによるUV-VIS, IR吸収スペクトルおよび膜厚の変化, (2) ホトブリーチング後の薄膜の熱的可逆性, (3) ホトブリーチングによる屈折率変化, を測定した.実用的な高分子光導波路作製の観点から, 蛍光灯程度の微弱な光ではホトブリーチングが生じないこと, 恒久的な屈折率変化を維持するためにホトブリーチング後の色素構造に熱的可逆性がないこと, ホトブリーチングにより光導波路作製のために十分な屈折率差が生じることの3点を判断基準とすると, 今回用いた色素の中で, アゾベンゼン系色素が最も優れており, 特にアゾベンゼン系色素を側鎖に結合したPMMAは, ホトブリーチングによる導波路形成に最適であると判断した.

A silver mirror reaction method has been proposed to obtain small-bore silver capillary tubes. The deposition process of silver layer is clarified both by SEM and loss spectrum analyses. A condition is obtained to realize silver hollow glass waveguides with small transmission losses for the infrared.

Fluorocarbon polymer-coated silver hollow-glass waveguides have been fabricated based on the method of silver mirror reaction for silver, and the dipping method for the fluorocarbon polymer. The waveguides show low-loss properties for the infrared wavelengths except for the wavelength regions of large absorption of the polymer. Er:YAG laser light has been successfully transmitted through the flexible waveguides with small bending losses.

Two-electron reduction of 4,4′-(1,3-propanediyl)bis(N-methylpyridinium) dibromide with sodium amalgam in degassed solvent affords the titled compound, which is characterized by means of NMR, mass, ESR, and UV-vis absorption spectroscopies. Under deoxygenated conditions, the dispiro compound is stable for a long time at room temperature, but undergoes a decomposition reaction at high temperatures above 200 °C to give several degradation products.

For the patients under long-term tube feeding, copper deficiency is known to be a cause of neutropenia and/or anemia. It is recognized as reversible myelodysplasia, since the condition improves by giving a copper supplementation. Myelodysplasia caused by copper deficiency is difficult to be diagnosed because it is not so common, and often it takes a long time to reach correct diagnosis. We reported usefulness of FDG-PET for the diagnosis of myelodysplasia caused by copper deficiency in early stage. The case was 46 y.o. male patient in vegetative state for 2 years after traumatic brain injury. Laboratory examination revealed slight leukopenia. PET/CT demonstrated high and diffuse FDG accumulation mainly in the vertebral bone marrow. Based on the lower levels of serum copper and ceruloprasmin, the patient was diagnosed as copper deficiency. After treatment of copper supplementation, FDG accumulation of the bone marrow disappeared, and the serum copper level has normalized. From the FDG-PET findings, even in the early stage of copper deficiency, high glucose metabolism of bone marrow was shown.

A new type of launching coupler for small-bore, hollow fibers, consisting of a lens and a tapered hollow waveguide, is proposed to increase the alignment tolerance between an input laser beam and small bore fibers. First, we designed the structural dimensions of the coupler by using a ray-tracing method. Then, a series of experiments employing tapered hollow waveguides made of Pyrex glass was performed to investigate the effectiveness of the new coupler. It is shown that the coupler has a high efficiency with attenuation of around 0.5 dB, especially when the inside of the taper section is coated with a polymer and silver film. In addition, we also show that the coupler has great tolerance for the transverse displacement of a waveguide axis, which gives a 0.1-dB loss increase for a 300-µm displacement.

Reduction of 1,1′-(1,3-propanediyl)bis(pyridinium) dibromide (5a) with sodium amalgam afforded the meso- and dl-cyclomers formed by intramolecular cyclization of the diradical (2a). The meso-cyclomer (6a) was thermally converted into the dl-cyclomer (7a), while retroversion of 7a into 6a was achieved photochemically. Reduction of the 4,4′-dimethyl (5b) and 4,4′-di-t-butyl (5c) derivatives of 5a similarly afforded the corresponding meso-(6b and 6c) and dl-(7b and 7c) cyclomers, which can be interconverted to each other. Using NMR spectroscopy to follow the reaction the energies for thermal conversion of meso- to dl- cyclomers were found to be 58.6, 74.5, and 84.5 kJ mol−1 for 6a, 6b, and 6c, respectively. Photodissociation of the cyclomers at −196 °C gave the diradicals (2a–2c), which showed characteristic triplet ESR spectra. The ESR spectra for both 2a and 2b indicated that there were two conformations, each with different zero-field splitting parameters, in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran glass. In contrast, th...

The chemical forms of pH and metallochromic indicators adsorbed onto porous Vycor glass are determined by visible absorption spectroscopy.Methyl Red is adsorbed on porous Vycor glass in a red protonated form. A proton is donated from the active silanol residue on the surface of porous glass to the nitrogen atom of Methyl Red, leading to formation of a hydrogen bonding. Xylenol Orange is adsorbed on porous glass from an aqueous solution in a manner similar to the coordination to a metal ion as a metallochromic indicator. On adsorption, the proton of the phenol residue of the Xylenol Orange is dissociated and the imino and carboxyl groups play a role in adsorption as binding sites to the silanol group of porous glass. The adsorbed Xylenol Orange is exchanged by EDTA, dissolving into solution. It also reacts with copper(II) ion, forming a complex soluble in water.

A launching coupler for hollow fibers consisting of a convex lens and a tapered hollow-guide piece is proposed. We fabricated the coupler which has a conical-tapered, Pyrex glass tube as the tapered section. The bore size of the taper-guide's input end is 3 mm and the output end is 0.7 mm which is the same as the size of coupled hollow fibers. The results of preliminary experiments show that the launching system has a large tolerance for the coupling condition between laser light and hollow fibers.

Heat-resisting polyimide-coated silver hollow glass waveguides have been fabricated for infrared medical laser light transmissions. The waveguides have inner diameters of 700 and 530 micrometers and the length of 1 m. The measurements of the guiding loss spectra show the low-loss property of the waveguides at the desired wavelengths. Moreover, Er:YAG laser light has been transmitted by the 700 micrometers -bore waveguide with the losses as low as 2.2 dB even when the waveguide is bent with a bending radius of 15 cm (180 degree(s)-bend).

Polyimide-polymer coated silver hollow glass-waveguides have been proposed for the first time as infrared light transmitting media for the applications in the fields of medicine and infrared sensors. The waveguides with inner diameter of 0.7 mm and length of 1 m have been fabricated by inner coating of polyimide and silver inside a fused- silica capillary tube. By measurements of the loss spectra of the waveguides, it is shown that polyimide-polymer coated silver hollow glass-waveguides have low-loss characteristics at some infrared wavelength regions. As a dielectric material, the polyimide-polymer has many advantages such as high heat-resistance, nontoxicity, durability, and low refractive index over other dielectrics. Moreover, a fabrication method employing liquid-flow coating leads to a possibility of the mass- production of the waveguides.

A new method to fabricate dielectric-coated hollow waveguides has been proposed based on all liquid-phase techniques. Long silver tubes with an extremely smooth inner surface have been fabricated by using a new process of silver mirror reaction and loss reduction of short silver waveguides has been made by liquid flow-coating of a fluorocarbon polymer.

Reduction of 1,1′-(1,3-propanediyl)bis(pyridinium) dibromide (5a) with sodium amalgam afforded the meso- and dl-cyclomers formed by intramolecular cyclization of the diradical (2a). The meso-cyclomer (6a) was thermally converted into the dl-cyclomer (7a), while retroversion of 7a into 6a was achieved photochemically. Reduction of the 4,4′-dimethyl (5b) and 4,4′-di-t-butyl (5c) derivatives of 5a similarly afforded the corresponding meso-(6b and 6c) and dl-(7b and 7c) cyclomers, which can be interconverted to each other. Using NMR spectroscopy to follow the reaction the energies for thermal conversion of meso- to dl- cyclomers were found to be 58.6, 74.5, and 84.5 kJ mol−1 for 6a, 6b, and 6c, respectively. Photodissociation of the cyclomers at −196 °C gave the diradicals (2a–2c), which showed characteristic triplet ESR spectra. The ESR spectra for both 2a and 2b indicated that there were two conformations, each with different zero-field splitting parameters, in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran glass. In contrast, th...

Two-electron reduction of 4,4′-(1,3-propanediyl)bis(N-methylpyridinium) dibromide with sodium amalgam in degassed solvent affords the titled compound, which is characterized by means of NMR, mass, ESR, and UV-vis absorption spectroscopies. Under deoxygenated conditions, the dispiro compound is stable for a long time at room temperature, but undergoes a decomposition reaction at high temperatures above 200 °C to give several degradation products.

Refractive index gratings into an azo-polymer waveguide were fabricated by irreversible photo-induced bleaching (photodecomposition) of the polymer. The waveguide grating was formed by exposure of an interference pattern from two laser beams. Coupling characteristics of the waveguide grating were investigated around the infrared wavelength region. The coupling efficiency of the grating was dependent on the polarization direction of the guiding beam. This phenomenon seems to result from the anisotropic refractive index change due to the photobleaching at the vertical plane of the film. Furthermore, we demonstrated a tunable wavelength filter with the refractive index gratings into the azo-polymer waveguide. This filter has a spatial tunability, i.e., wavelength tuning can be attained due to thermooptic refractive index change of the polymer. In the fabricated wavelength filter, the diffraction pass wavelength is tuned over 19 nm at around the 1.3 µm from 5°C to 65°C.

書誌情報のみ, Bibliographic data Only

書誌情報のみ, Bibliographic data Only

書誌情報のみ, Bibliographic data Only

Far-infrared study on the NH 4 BrNH 4 I mixed crystals revealed the librational frequencies of 314 cm −1 for 1 (bromide):3 (iodide) and of 322 cm −1 for 1:1 crystals. The phase transitions of the 1:3 mixed crystal occurred at around 205 and 235 K. The potential barrier heights for the NH + 4 librations have been estimated to be 3.58 and 3.83 kcal/mol for the 1:3 and 1:1 mixed crystals, respectively.

Reduction of 1,1′-trimethylenebis(pyridinium) dibromide with sodium amalgam produces the cyclomers of 1,1′-trimethylene-bis(pyridinyl) diradical. Meso and dl forms of the cyclomers are convertible to each other. Two conformations of the diradical are observed in the triplet ESR spectrum at 77 K.

Le dication organique (ethylene-1,1p bis-pyridinium (dimethoxycarbonyl-4,4p) est transforme en radical cationique puis en diradical qui se cyclise en dipyridopyrazine

he purpose of this study was to evaluate clinically superplastic titanium alloy for maxillary complete denture.The subjects that were the 30 patients with upper edentulous ridges were selected from Tsurumi University Dental Hospital.17 patients were maxillary and mandibular edentulous, the other patients were only maxillary edentulous. Each of metal base was made of 90 Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy by Sankin Dental Co. The portion of a resin was used of PMMA resin with 4-META (4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitic anhydride). At the time of inserting the denture and one month after, the dentures were clinically observed about the retentive force and the adhesive condition on finish line. At the same time, the patients were examined oral mucose and inqired of the feeling relating to wear new denture. Furthermore each weight of new dentures was compared with each of old dentures.The results were as following:1. The width and depth of the palate were measured previously on posterior palatal sealed area. The mean value of the depth was 8.8±1.8mm and the mean value of the width was 44.9±2.7mm.2. The retentive force of new dentures was clinically adequate enough to achievement of function without two cases.3. The adhesive condition on the finish line was adequate in all cases.4. The mean weight value of the new denture was 20.1±3.9g.5. 2 of 30 patients were finded the slightly redness without pain on the middle palatal mucose.6. The feelings of patients relating to wear were as following:1) Lighter than old denture. 2) More extensive tongue space. 3) Adequate retentive force. 4) More comfortable feeling for wearing without vomiting reflex.

The purpose of this study was to estimate masticatory efficiency of complete denture wearers. The subjects were 72 patients, treated before 5-10 years at students' clinic of Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine. The masticatory efficiencies with peanuts and Kamaboko were calculated. Results 1. The mean masticatory efficiency with peanuts for 63 patients was 35.8%, and with Kamaboko (steamed fishpast) for 64 patients was 94.5%, in comparison with natural dentition. 2. The mean masticatory efficiency with peanuts was 124.3%, and with Kamaboko was 99.6%, for complete denture wearers. 3. Comparing the measured value of masticatory efficiency with 5 to 10 years wearing period, there was significant difference in the masticatory efficiency between peanuts and Kamaboko. 4. There was significant difference in the masticatory efficiency with peanuts between the group needed new denture and the group not needed but there was not significant difference with Kamaboko.

五員環および六員環で二重結合をendo-あるいはexo-位に有するアリルアルコール誘導体について,赤外部のOH伸縮振動スペクトル(vOH)を四塩化炭素の希薄溶液で測定した。その結果, i) 5五員環アリルアルコール誘導体では,二重結合をendo-位に有するときは3620～3621cm-1と3601～3604cm-1の2本の吸収,一方,二重結合をexo-位に有するときは3614cm-1付近の1本の吸収あるいは3598～3606cm-1に肩をもつ3614～3618cm-1の吸収を示し, ii)六員環アリルアルコール誘導体では二重結合をendo-あるいはexo-位に有する場合,それぞれ水酸基が擬エクァトリアルあるいはエクァトリアル配座にあるときは3622と3605cm-1の2本の吸収,一方,擬アキシアルあるいはアキシアル配座にあるときは3616～3618cm-1に1本の吸収を示すことがわかった。これらのvOHについて,水酸基のC-O軸のまわりの回転異性体と吸収位置および水酸基とπ電子の重なりを考慮し,水酸基の立体配座との関連を考察した。

The influence of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) on the electrochemistry of (ferrocenylmethyl)dodecyldimethylammonium bromide (I) was studied with a glassy carbon (GC) electrode. α-CD increases the apparent diffusion coefficient of I. This unusual effect is explained in terms of disruptive effect of α-CD on I’s aggregates. α-CD also influences, to some extent, I’s adsorption onto GC electrode when adsorbed from its micromolar aqueous solution.

Conformations of ten epimeric alcohols have been examined by the measurements of the OH stretching absorptions. The preference of the OH quasi-axial conformations was shown.