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Diosmin, a potent bioflavonoid derived from citrus fruits, has gained significant attention for its anticancer potential, reflecting a critical need in the ongoing battle against cancer. Amidst increasing cancer incidence, the quest for safer and more effective treatments has brought diosmin to the forefront, given its unique pharmacological profile distinct from other flavonoids. Diosmin's anticancer mechanisms are multifaceted, involving apoptosis induction, angiogenesis inhibition, and metastasis prevention. Extensive research encompassing cellular studies, animal models, and limited clinical trials underscores its efficacy not only against cancer but also in managing chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoids, attributing to its anti‐inflammatory properties. Furthermore, diosmin exhibits low toxicity and complements conventional chemotherapy, proposing its utility as an adjunct therapy in cancer treatment protocols. The review delves into the specific anticancer advantages of diosmin, distinguishing it from the broader flavonoid category. It provides a detailed analysis of its implications in preclinical and clinical settings, advocating for its consideration in the oncological therapeutic arsenal. By juxtaposing diosmin with other herbal medicines, the review offers a nuanced perspective on its role within the wider context of natural anticancer agents, emphasizing the need for further clinical research to substantiate its efficacy and safety in oncology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution insight on the cytotoxic and anticancer activities and molecular mechanism of phyto‐reduced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in MCF‐7 breast cancer cell lines. A simple, entirely green synthesis process was optimized for the phyto‐reduction of AgNP (~12.7 nm) using aqueous leaf extracts of Indigofera heterantha. The structural and vibrational properties of biosynthesized AgNPs were extensively characterized using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, x‐ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while their shape and morphology was studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay indicates concentration dependent inhibition with IC50, 27.93 ± 2.10 μg/mL against MCF‐7 cells and 294.38 ± 3.87 μg/mL against L929 cells. The manifested anticancer mechanism in MCF‐7 cells was extensively studied using Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB), 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) and Annexin‐V/propedium iodide fluorescence microscopic assays. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using DCFH‐DA fluorescent spectroscopy. Overall, the results show that AgNPs exhibit cytotoxic and apoptotic effect on breast cancer MCF‐7 cells by damaging membrane integrity and nuclear fragmentation due to oxidative stress generated by elevated level of ROS. Research Highlights: Biomimetic synthesis of nano dimension size silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).Characterization of AgNPs through UV–Vis, DLS, XRD, FTIR, and SEM.Cytotoxic and anticancer effects of the biosynthesized AgNPs in L929 fibroblast cells and MCF7 breast cancer respectively.Determination of morphological, and nuclear changes triggered by AgNPs in MCF 7 breast cancer cells using fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry.Apoptosis induction by AgNPs in cancer cells through oxidative stress generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Members of the genus Serratia have been isolated from diverse habitats and include both pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains with varying traits (Basharat and Yasmin 2016). A new member of [...], A pigment-producing species of Serratia was isolated from the rhizosphere of a heavy metal resistant Cannabis sativa plant growing in effluent-affected soil of Hattar Industrial Estate, Haripur, Pakistan. Here, we report the genome sequence of this bacterium, which has been identified as Serratia nematodiphila on the basis of whole genome comparison using the OrthoANI classification scheme. The bacterium exhibited diverse traits, including plant growth promotion, antimicrobial, bioremediation, and pollutant tolerance capabilities including metal tolerance, azo dye degradation, ibuprofen degradation, etc. Plant growth-promoting exoenzyme production as well as phosphate solubilisation properties were observed. Genes for phosphate solubili-sation, siderophore production, and chitin destruction were identified in addition to other industrially important enzymes like nitrilase and lipase. Secondary metabolite producing apparatus for high value chemicalsinthe whole genome was also analysed. The number of antibiotic resistance genes was then profiled in silico, through a match with Antibiotic Resistant Gene and CAR database. This is the first report of a S. nematodiphila genome from a polluted environment. This could significantly contribute to the understanding of pollution tolerance, antibiotic resistance, association with nematodes, production of bio-pesticide, and their role in plant growth promotion. Key words: rhizobacteria, Serratia nematodiphila, genome, bioremediation, antibiotic resistance. Une espèce du genre Serratia produisant un pigment a été isolée au sein de la rhizosphère d'un plant de Cannabis sativa résistant aux métaux lourds, laquelle poussait dans un sol souillé par les eaux usées du Hattar Industrial Estate, à Haripur au Pakistan. Dans ce travail, les auteurs rapportent la séquence génomique de cette bactérie, laquelle a été identifiée comme appartenant à Serratia nematodiphila sur la base de comparaisons à l'échelle génomique réalisées à l'aide de l'outil de classification OrthoANI. Cette bactérie présente divers caractères incluant la stimulation de la croissance des plantes ainsi que des propriétés antimicrobiennes, de bio-remédiation et de tolérance aux polluants incluant la tolérance aux métaux lourds, la dégradation des colorants azoïques, la dégradation de l'ibuprofène, etc. La production d'exoenzymes stimulant la croissance des plantes ainsi que des propriétés de solubilisation des phosphates ont été observées. Des gènes pour la solubilisation des phosphates, la production de sidérophores et la destruction de la chitine ont été identifiés en plus d'autres enzymes importantes sur le plan industriel comme les nitrilases et lipases. L'appareil pour la production de métabolites secondaires de grande valeur industrielle a également été sondé à la grandeur du génome. Le nombre de gènes de résistance à des antibiotiques a également été analysé in silico via de l'homologie avec des bases de données (gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques et CAR). Il s'agit de la première description d'un génome pour un isolat du S. nematodophila issu d'un milieu pollué. Ceci pourrait contribuer de manière significative à la compréhension de la tolérance à la pollution, de la résistance aux antibiotiques, de l'association avec les nématodes, de la production de bio-pesticides et de leur rôle dans la stimulation de la croissance des plantes. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés: rhizobactéries, Serratia nematodophila, génome, bio-remédiation, résistance aux antibiotiques.