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8. Genetic mapping of drought tolerance traits phenotyped under varying drought stress environments in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Author

Ghosh, S., Mahadevaiah, S.S., Gowda, S.A., Gangurde, S.S., Jadhav, M.P., Hake, A.A., Latha, P., Anitha, T., Chimmad, V.P., Mirajkar, K.K., Sharma, V., Pandey, M.K., Shirasawa, K., Nayak, S.N., Varshney, R.K., Bhat, R.S., Ghosh, S., Mahadevaiah, S.S., Gowda, S.A., Gangurde, S.S., Jadhav, M.P., Hake, A.A., Latha, P., Anitha, T., Chimmad, V.P., Mirajkar, K.K., Sharma, V., Pandey, M.K., Shirasawa, K., Nayak, S.N., Varshney, R.K., and Bhat, R.S.

Abstract

Genomic regions governing water deficit stress tolerance were identified in peanut using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from an elite variety TMV 2 and its narrow leaf mutant TMV 2-NLM, which was evaluated over six-seasons at Dharwad (non-stress) and Tirupati (water-stress) in India. Stress condition could differentiate the RILs much better than the non-stress condition for the physiological traits. A linkage map with 700 markers was used to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Three sets of best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) were estimated for the drought tolerance traits for the rainy and post-rainy seasons at Dharwad and post-rainy seasons at Tirupati, and employed for single marker analysis, composite interval mapping and multiple QTL mapping. Of the 305 significant marker-trait associations for the 11 traits, only 21 were of major effect for pod yield per plant (PYPP), specific dry weight at 70 days after sowing (SDW_70) and specific leaf area at 70 DAS (SLA_70). Three major main effect QTLs were identified for PYPP with the highest phenotypic variance explained (PVE) of 10.5%. Nine QTLs with the highest PVE of 18.4% were identified for SDW_70, of which four QTLs were also governing SLA_70 with the highest PVE of 15.7%. A few of them were also involved in epistatic interactions, and formed multiple QTL mapping models. Five major QTLs for SDW_70 were stable over both the locations. Candidate genes with SNPs and AhMITE1 insertion were identified for the major QTL regions. A rare nonsynonymous SNP at Ah02_1558700 within the gene ArahyW1P0U6 governing PYPP was detected. Functional analysis of these candidate genes may be useful for future genetic modifications in addition to validating and using the linked markers for improving drought tolerance in peanut.

Published
2022

9. Noncontact evaluation of electrical passivation of oxidized silicon using laser terahertz emission microscope and corona charging.

Author

Mochizuki, T., Ito, A., Nakanishi, H., Tanahashi, K., Kawayama, I., Tonouchi, M., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
INTEGRATED circuit passivation, PASSIVATION, SILICON wafers, SUBMILLIMETER waves, CORONA discharge
Abstract

We evaluated electrical passivation of crystalline silicon wafers possessing oxidized layers using a laser terahertz (THz) emission microscope, measuring waveforms of laser-excited THz emission from those surfaces with a corona charging setup to tune surface potential without electrical contact. The THz waveform strongly correlated to the surface potential, evaluated by measuring surface photovoltage using a Kelvin probe when the surface was depleted or inverted. The waveform also correlated to the potential of the surface in the accumulation mode and inverted near the flatband condition. The minority carrier lifetime agreed with the theoretically determined dependence on the charge density. These results indicate that the surface potential of a semiconductor covered by an insulator which can be charged by the corona charging setup can be evaluated by assessing the THz emission. Further, such a sample can also be used as a reference to quantitatively relate the waveform of the THz emission and the internal field of surface band bending in semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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13. Enhancing oleic acid content in two commercially released peanut varieties through marker‐assisted backcross breeding

Author

Jadhav, M.P., Patil, M.D., Hampannavar, M., S, V., Dattatreya, P., Shirasawa, K., Pasupuleti, J., Pandey, M.K., Varshney, R.K., Bhat, R.S., Jadhav, M.P., Patil, M.D., Hampannavar, M., S, V., Dattatreya, P., Shirasawa, K., Pasupuleti, J., Pandey, M.K., Varshney, R.K., and Bhat, R.S.

Abstract

Two elite varieties of peanut, GPBD 4 and G 2–52, with high productivity, oil content, resistance to late leaf spot (LLS) and rust diseases were improved for oleic acid content using marker‐assisted backcrossing. Since both the recurrent parents already possessed the mutant allele at AhFAD2A, only mutant allele at AhFAD2B was transferred from the donor SunOleic 95R (oleate of 80.6%). Three rounds of backcrossing with foreground selection using allele‐specific PCR and Kompetitive allele‐specific PCR (KASP) assay identified a large number of plants homozygous for the mutant allele at AhFAD2B in BCnF2 generations. Evaluation of the advanced generations could identify six and ten lines with significantly higher oleate than GPBD 4 and G 2–52, respectively. Considering the yield, shelling percentage, oil and oleate content, the most promising lines HOBC2GPS_7 and HOBC2G2S_5 were selected with 112% and 142% oleate recovery over GPBD 4 and G 2–52, respectively. ddRAD‐Sequencing of these superior lines showed background genome recovery of 77.5% and 69.0%, respectively. These advanced breeding lines with high oleate (∼80%), resistance to LLS and rust and high productivity are under further trials for possible release as varieties for commercial cultivation.

Published
2021

22. A Comparative Study of Front and Rear Surface Passivation Techniques of Nitric Acid Oxidation of Silicon on Phosphorus-Diffused and Non-Diffused Textured Surfaces for p-Type Bifacial PERCS

Author

Joonwichien, S., Kida, Y., Moriya, M., Utsunomiya, S., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Homojunction Solar Cells, Silicon Materials and Cells
Abstract

36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 478-482, We utilized a chemically grown silicon dioxide (SiO2) layer produced by nitric acid oxidation of silicon (NAOS) formed by various passivation techniques to improve the passivation quality of pyramidal textured surfaces of bifacial passivated emitter and rear cells (PERC) for advanced light management. Two types of symmetrical sample structure, phosphorus-diffused samples and non-diffused samples having the same front and rear sides of a cell, respectively, were fabricated. In this study, we focused on the influence of different oxidation temperatures of NAOS to form the SiO2 layer and thermal annealing in situ hydrogenation conditions on the interfacial properties of the samples. As a result, the non-diffused samples that included the NAOS-SiO2 layer were negatively modified, showing reductions in open-circuit voltage (iVoc) with oxidation temperature and thermal annealing ambient. When the NAOSSiO2 layer was formed at boiling temperature, the iVoc values of non-diffused samples showed further losses compared with samples obtained at room temperature, attributed to the lower density of dangling bonds, exhibiting an increase in interface trap density (Dit). In contrast, the phosphorus-diffused samples passivated by NAOS-SiO2 formed at boiling temperature showed a different behavior, having positive effects on iVoc regardless of the thermal annealing ambient. The disparity of passivation behavior (negative or positive effect) may be related to NAOS-SiO2 thickness as well as different doping surface concentrations. The oxidation temperature for SiO2 formation also plays a key role in obtaining a high level of surface passivation through the hydrogenation process, where the recombination processes in the textured surface of silicon involve many other parameters.

Published
2019
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23. The genome sequence of segmental allotetraploid peanut Arachis hypogaea

Author

Bertioli, D.J., Jenkins, J., Clevenger, J., Dudchenko, O., Gao, D., Seijo, G., Leal-Bertioli, S.C.M., Ren, L., Farmer, A.D., Pandey, M.K., Samoluk, S.S., Abernathy, B., Agarwal, G., Ballén-Taborda, C., Cameron, C., Campbell, J., Chavarro, C., Chitikineni, A., Chu, Y., Dash, S., El Baidouri, M., Guo, B., Huang, W., Kim, K.D., Korani, W., Lanciano, S., Lui, C.G., Mirouze, M., Moretzsohn, M.C., Pham, M., Shin, J.H., Shirasawa, K., Sinharoy, S., Sreedasyam, A., Weeks, N.T., Zhang, X., Zheng, Z., Sun, Z., Froenicke, L., Aiden, E.L., Michelmore, R., Varshney, R.K., Holbrook, C.C., Cannon, E.K.S., Scheffler, B.E., Grimwood, J., Ozias-Akins, P., Cannon, S.B., Jackson, S.A., Schmutz, J., Bertioli, D.J., Jenkins, J., Clevenger, J., Dudchenko, O., Gao, D., Seijo, G., Leal-Bertioli, S.C.M., Ren, L., Farmer, A.D., Pandey, M.K., Samoluk, S.S., Abernathy, B., Agarwal, G., Ballén-Taborda, C., Cameron, C., Campbell, J., Chavarro, C., Chitikineni, A., Chu, Y., Dash, S., El Baidouri, M., Guo, B., Huang, W., Kim, K.D., Korani, W., Lanciano, S., Lui, C.G., Mirouze, M., Moretzsohn, M.C., Pham, M., Shin, J.H., Shirasawa, K., Sinharoy, S., Sreedasyam, A., Weeks, N.T., Zhang, X., Zheng, Z., Sun, Z., Froenicke, L., Aiden, E.L., Michelmore, R., Varshney, R.K., Holbrook, C.C., Cannon, E.K.S., Scheffler, B.E., Grimwood, J., Ozias-Akins, P., Cannon, S.B., Jackson, S.A., and Schmutz, J.

Abstract

Like many other crops, the cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is of hybrid origin and has a polyploid genome that contains essentially complete sets of chromosomes from two ancestral species. Here we report the genome sequence of peanut and show that after its polyploid origin, the genome has evolved through mobile-element activity, deletions and by the flow of genetic information between corresponding ancestral chromosomes (that is, homeologous recombination). Uniformity of patterns of homeologous recombination at the ends of chromosomes favors a single origin for cultivated peanut and its wild counterpart A. monticola. However, through much of the genome, homeologous recombination has created diversity. Using new polyploid hybrids made from the ancestral species, we show how this can generate phenotypic changes such as spontaneous changes in the color of the flowers. We suggest that diversity generated by these genetic mechanisms helped to favor the domestication of the polyploid A. hypogaea over other diploid Arachis species cultivated by humans.

Published
2019

24. Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease

Author

Sabatine, Marc S., Giugliano, Robert P., Keech, Anthony C., Honarpour, Narimon, Wiviott, Stephen D., Murphy, Sabina A., Kuder, Julia F., Wang, Huei, Liu, Thomas, Wasserman, Scott M., Sever, Peter S., Pedersen, Fish MP, Terje R., Abrahamsen, Te, Im, K, Kanevsky, E, Bonaca, Mp, Lira Pineda, A, Hanlon, K, Knusel, B, Somaratne, R, Kurtz, C, Scott, R, Accini Mendoza JL, Amerena, J, Badariene, J, Burgess, L, Ceska, R, Charng, Mj, Choi, D, Cobos, Jl, Dan, Ga, De Ferrari GM, Deedwania, Pc, Chopra, Vk, Erglis, A, Ezhov, Mv, Ferreira, J, Filipová, S, Gaciong, Za, Pasierski, T, Georgiev, Bg, Gonzalez-Galvez, G, Gouni-Berthold, I, Schäufele, T, Hirayama, A, Huber, K, Rammer, M, Kjaerulf Jensen, H, Wermuth, S, Jiang, L, Jukema, Jw, Kraydashenko, O, Leiter, La, Lewis, Bs, López-Miranda, J, Lorenzatti, Aj, Mach, F, Mcadam, B, Nilsson, L, Olsson, Å, Rallidis, L, Rogelio, Gg, Kerr Saraiva JF, Scheen, A, Schiele, F, Scott, Rs, Connolly, D, Siu, Cw, Tay, L, Thorgeirsson, G, Tikkanen, Mj, Tokgozoglu, Sl, Toth, K, Viigimaa, M, Wan Ahmad WA, Hennekens, Ch, Andreotti, F, Baigent, C, Brown, Wv, Davis, Br, Newcomer, Jw, Wood, Sk, Larosa, J, Ansell, B, Olsson, A, Lowe, C, Zahn, L, Awtry, E, Berger, C, Croce, K, Desai, A, Gelfand, E, Ho, C, Leeman, D, Link, M, Norden, A, Pande, A, Rost, N, Ruberg, F, Silverman, S, Singhal, A, Vita, J, Mackinnon, I, Vogel, Dr, Leon de la Fuente, R, Perna, E, Amuchastegui, M, Pacora, F, Hershson, A, Blumberg, E, Glenny, Ja, Colombo, H, Cuadrado, Ja, Nicolosi, L, Rojas, Cg, Ulla, Mr, Hasbani, Eg, Cuneo, C, Lopez Santi RG, Sanabria, Hd, Hrabar, A, Lozada, A, Begg, A, Lehman, S, Wittert, G, Juergens, C, Kostner, K, Beltrame, J, Simpson, R, Sinhal, A, Adams, M, Kritharides, L, Roberts Thomson, P, Cross, D, Thompson, P, Van Gaal, W, Cox, N, Farshid, A, Hammett, C, Garrahy, P, Prasan, A, Horrigan, M, Ebenbichler, C, Hanusch, U, Prager, R, Schernthaner, G, Luger, A, Siostrzonek, P, Toplak, H, Bergler-Klein, J, Paulweber, B, Sinzinger, H, Buysschaert, I, Thoeng, J, Vandekerckhove, H, Catez, E, Verheye, S, Descamps, O, Hoffer, E, Wollaert, B, Chenu, P, van de Borne, P, De Meulemeester, M, Friart, A, Charlier, F, De Raedt, H, Rietzschel, E, Roelandt, R, Lalmand, J, Tavares Russo LA, Reis, G, Duarte Barbosa EC, Vidotti, Mh, Fernandes Manenti ER, Dutra, O, Leaes, Pe, Rech, Rl, Bertolim Precoma, D, Nicolau, Jc, Amoedo, R, Eliaschewitz, Fg, Pereira, A, Kurtz Lisboa HR, Soares Piegas, L, Cunha Borges JL, Ferreira Rossi PR, Pimentel Filho, P, Bodanese, Lc, de Sa Cunha, R, Moura Jorge JC, Ardito, Wr, Barroso de Souza WK, Hissa, M, Izar, Mc, Manolova, A, Kitova, L, Kinova, E, Tzekova, M, Velchev, V, Tarnovska-Kadreva, R, Gotchev, D, Petrov, I, Raev, D, Trendafilova-Lazarova, D, Yotov, Y, Lazov, P, Rahimi, S, St Amour, E, Constance, C, Pesant, Y, Hess, A, Anderson, T, Sussex, B, Henein, S, Tsoukas, G, Pandey, As, Bergeron, J, Hart, R, Gosselin, G, Chehayeb, R, Hamet, P, Hartleib, M, Mukherjee, A, Halperin, F, Petrella, R, Bhargava, R, Lonn, E, Sabbah, E, Bata, I, Cha, J, Gaudet, D, Chapman, K, Murthy, D, Nigro, F, Rupka, D, Gossard, D, Gupta, M, Dowell, A, Mansour, S, Baass, A, Geadah, C, Huynh, T, Peterson, S, Poirier, P, Sabe-Affaki, G, Vertes, G, Crowley, D, Duchesne, L, Pincetti Jofre CP, Potthoff Cardenas, S, Conejeros Kindel, C, Saavedra Gajardo VA, Lanas Zanetti, F, Sepulveda Varela PA, Stockins Fernandez BA, Li, W, Li, D, Zhao, S, Li, Z, Wang, J, Yang, Y, Zhang, L, Yang, P, Zhang, X, Huang, H, Xue, L, Zheng, Z, Huang, W, Dai, H, Su, H, Zeng, X, Zheng, Y, Tang, Y, Yao, Z, Sun, Y, Du, Y, Ge, Z, Yan, J, Chen, X, Liu, F, Pei, H, Yang, X, Cui, H, Gu, Y, Yang, Z, Li, J, Lian, Y, Cui, Y, Wang, D, Jiang, J, Li, X, Chen, J, Mo, Z, Xu, P, He, Y, Zhou, C, Qu, P, Zhu, Y, Liu, Y, Shen, X, Gao, X, Terront Lozano MA, Moncada Corredor MA, Hernandez Triana, E, Botero Lopez, R, Coronel Arroyo JA, Quintero Baiz AE, Sanchez Vallejo, G, Arana Londoño, C, Molina de Salazar DI, Castellanos Bueno, R, Manzur Jattin, F, Cure Cure CA, Sotomayor Herazo, A, Spinar, J, Hala, T, Machkova, M, Klimsa, Z, Polasek, R, Jerabek, O, Kazdera, P, Pozdisek, Z, Vaclavik, J, Frana, P, Elbl, L, Kucera, D, Kryza, R, Malecha, J, Reichert, P, Sochor, K, Ludka, O, Kellnerova, I, Peterka, K, Zidkova, E, Cech, V, Brabec, T, Fiserova, N, Kvasnicka, J, Rosolova, H, Nemecek, E, Adamkova, V, Dunaj, M, Pojsl, S, Cepelak, M, Podpera, I, Kuchar, L, Rysava, D, Burianova, H, Spinarova, L, Skrobakova, J, Charvat, J, Homza, M, Zemanek, J, Koleckar, P, Karen, I, Krupicka, J, Blaha, V, Matuska, J, Brotanek, J, Cifkova, R, Kuchar, R, Vomacka, Z, Kosek, Z, Hulinsky, V, Krejcova, H, Kuchar, J, Jelinek, Z, Jelinek, P, Markdanner Lindgren, L, Saetre Lihn, A, Korsgaard Thomsen, K, Bronnum-Schou, J, Nielsen, H, Nielsen, T, Egstrup, K, Klausen, Ic, Mickley, H, Hove, J, Jeppesen, J, Melchior, T, Schmidt, Eb, Valter, I, Rosenthal, A, Kaik, J, Kork, A, Alt, I, Strand, J, Nieminen, S, Kahri, J, Suomi, J, Nyman, K, Strandberg, Te, Piippo, T, Savolainen, M, Vikman, S, Pucheu, Y, Cariou, B, Henry, P, Ferrari, E, Montalescot, G, Ferrieres, J, Roubille, F, Bonnet, B, Angoulvant, D, Range, G, Bammert, A, Delarche, N, Mariat, C, Cayla, G, Durlach, V, Coisne, D, Paillard, F, Rouzier, R, Goralski, M, Khanoyan, P, Cottin, Y, Ziegler, O, Khalife, K, Le Corvoisier, P, Motreff, P, Spaulding, C, Vanbelle, E, Bourhaial, H, Opitz, C, Kahrmann, G, Contzen, C, Appel, K, Schenkenberger, I, Rinke, A, Trenk, D, Maus, O, Karakas, M, Hanefeld, M, Darius, H, Hetzel, G, Münzel, T, Wöhrle, J, Stawowy, P, Marten, I, Isermann, B, Kast, P, Vorpahl, M, Bosiljanoff, P, Hengstenberg, C, Kassner, U, Salbach, P, Fischer, M, Steiner, S, Wagner, S, Kraatz, U, von Hodenberg, E, Weyland, K, Mantas, I, Tziakas, D, Bousboulas, S, Patsilinakos, S, Mertzanos, G, Panagoulis, C, Bilianou, H, Skoumas, I, Elisaf, M, Manolis, A, Moschos, N, Kochiadakis, G, Ntaios, G, Richter, D, Athyros, V, Kolovou, G, Danias, P, Melidonis, A, Fan, Kyy, Siu, Sc, Hornyik, A, Lakatos, F, Zilahi, Z, Nagy, K, Laszlo, Z, Peterfai, E, Lupkovics, G, Andreka, P, Merkely, B, Herczeg, B, Piros, Ga, Salamon, C, Mark, L, Papp, A, Szakal, I, Edes, I, Mohacsi, A, Tomcsanyi, J, Hajko, E, Nagy, A, Papp, E, Kiss, R, Karadi, I, Sigurdsson, A, Jain, A, Pai, R, Kothiwale, V, Kulkarni, G, Mahajan, A, Aggarwal, S, Mehta, V, Rajadhyaksha, G, Joshi, A, Khandait, V, Parmar, M, Tyagi, S, Airody Govinda, R, Dwivedi, Sk, Parikh, K, Pothineni, Rb, Solanki, B, O’Donnell, M, Crean, P, Barton, J, Shechter, M, Shotan, A, Klutstein, M, Chorin, E, Gavish, D, Kracoff, O, Atar, S, Rigler, S, Hasin, Y, Schiff, E, Merlini, P, Rapezzi, C, Pirro, M, Gonnelli, S, Floresta, Am, Mennuni, M, Ardissino, D, Senni, M, Marenzi, G, Marcucci, R, Sampietro, T, Cosmi, F, Perrone Filardi, P, De Caterina, R, Fedele, Francesco, Moretti, L, Biasucci, Lm, Ferri, C, Go, Y, Kiyosue, A, Higashi, Y, Tokunaga, T, Kawasaki, T, Sakagami, S, Namba, S, Saku, K, Oku, K, Arakawa, T, Iida, H, Nakamura, Y, Yamamoto, K, Hata, Y, Katsuda, Y, Koga, Y, Shimizu, M, Uehara, H, Kajiyama, S, Okamoto, H, Shinozaki, T, Fujino, Y, Funazaki, T, Higa, N, Kaigawa, K, Koike, A, Nakane, H, Sato, K, Satoh, Y, Shirasawa, K, Sugino, H, Tanabe, J, Uemura, O, Yoshimichi, G, Akai, A, Himeno, H, Inage, T, Inoko, M, Kadokami, T, Noguchi, Y, Yamashita, K, Yasumura, Y, Yuge, M, Hosokawa, S, Kawamitsu, K, Kozuma, K, Matsuo, H, Nakashima, E, Okada, M, Wada, A, Yokoya, K, Iwade, K, Kawabata, K, Tanno, H, Ako, J, Fujita, H, Izumiya, Y, Kanno, M, Nunohiro, T, Ohmura, H, Ueno, T, Kakurina, N, Jasinkevica, I, Stukena, I, Veze, I, Eglite, R, Teterovska, D, Sime, I, Strazdiene, V, Venceviciene, L, Gustiene, O, Radzeviciene-Jurgute, R, Kucinskiene, A, Maskon, O, Lee, Cy, Erng, T, Gan, Hw, Mohamed Yusof AK, Ramanathan, Gl, Liew, H, Lopez Alvarado, A, Nevarez Ruiz LA, De los Rios Ibarra MO, Bazzoni Ruiz AE, Ramos Lopez GA, Llamas Esperon GA, De la Peña Topete GDJ, Violante Ortiz RM, Illescas Diaz JJ, Leon Gonzalez, S, Sanchez Diaz CJ, Mendez Machado GF, Venegas Carrillo LA, Aldrete Velasco JA, Cardona Muñoz EG, Leiva Pons JL, Perez Alva JC, van der Zwaan, C, Oomen, A, van de Wal, R, Magro, M, Boswijk, D, Janus, C, Groutars, R, Tonino, W, Cornel, Jh, Oude Ophuis, A, Troquay, R, Liem, A, Westendorp, I, Van Hessen, M, Lok, D, De Nooijer, C, Den Hartog, F, Van Beek, E, Bendermacher, P, Jansen, R, Römer, T, Rensing, B, Hersbach, F, Herrman, J, Ladyjanskaia, G, Karalis, I, Linssen, G, Bokern, M, Visman, A, Kooij, A, Monajemi, H, Lieverse, A, Baker, J, Tie, S, Risberg, K, Hysing, J, Pedersen, T, Hoivik, Ho, Norheim, P, Solnor, L, Hovland, A, Kjaernli, T, Jocson, G, Coching, Rm, Batalla, E, Go, A, Habaluyas, R, Barcinas, R, Sy, Ra, Estepar, Ra, Germar, A, Trebacz, J, Szymkowiak, K, Wnetrzak-Michalska, R, Kopaczewski, J, Przekwas-Jaruchowska, M, Kania, G, Zabowka, M, Mirek-Bryniarska, E, Dabrowska, M, Napora, P, Konieczny, M, Spyra, J, Lysek, R, Pijanowski, Z, Grzegorzewski, B, Bednarkiewicz, Z, Kinasz, L, Antkowiak-Piatyszek, K, Stania, K, Szpajer, M, Staneta, P, Skonieczny, G, Ksiezycka-Majczynska, E, Blicharski, T, Piepiorka, M, Wozakowska-Kaplon, B, Zechowicz, T, Ilkowski, J, Lubiszewska, B, Hiczkiewicz, J, Wierzbicka, K, Kosior, D, Garbocz, P, Kubica, J, Raczak, G, Wozniak, I, Cygler, J, Kramarczuk, E, Bystryk, L, Pentela-Nowicka, J, Dabrowski, M, Podolec, P, Zieba, B, Mosiewicz, J, Dubaniewicz, W, Banach, M, Tyszecka, G, Lepich, T, Rychlewska-Hanczewska, A, Guzik, T, Monteiro, P, Pereira, H, Oliveira, L, Matos, P, Soares Goncalves, S, Leitao, A, Vasco Salgado, A, Timoteo, At, Pintilei, E, Badila, E, Militaru, C, Tudoran, M, Arsenescu-Georgescu, C, Mitu, F, Zdrenghea, D, Lighezan, D, Teodorescu, I, Popescu, Mi, Coman, I, Vintila, Mm, Vishnevsky, A, Lukyanov, Y, Blokhin, A, Kostenko, V, Shvarts, Y, Markov, V, Motylev, I, Dronov, D, Sherenkov, A, Barbarash, O, Shutemova, E, Bolshakova, O, Kobalava, Z, Voevoda, M, Treshkur, T, Zrazhevskiy, K, Pimenov, L, Solovev, O, Tarasov, N, Arkhipov, M, Freidlin, M, Shalaev, S, Yakhontova, P, Shustov, S, Goloshchekin, B, Panov, A, Bart, B, Bubnova, M, Gordeev, I, Osipova, I, Tereshenko, S, Solovieva, E, Meshkov, A, Zateyshchikov, D, Tan, Jl, Subramaniam, T, Pella, D, Fulop, P, Antalik, L, Dzupina, A, Banikova, A, Sosovec, D, Urgeova, L, Mazur, J, Hranai, M, Banik, M, Vinanska, D, Lennerova, J, Kovar, F, Pastrnakova, E, Uhliar, R, Blasko, P, Gonsorcik, J, Lukacova, J, Oriesek, R, Hatalova, K, du Toit, M, Ebrahim, I, Vawda, G, Lipschitz, S, Blignaut, S, Engelbrecht, J, Coetzer, Tf, Pretorius, M, Urbach, D, Badat, A, Pillay, S, Van Zyl, L, Abelson, M, van der Walt, E, Moodley, R, Jacovides, A, Oosthuysen, Wm, Klug, E, Lottering, H, Kok, J, Saaiman, J, Dawood, S, De Jong DM, Kapp, C, Makotoko, E, Bayat, J, Sarvan, M, Vally, T, Stapelberg, A, Kim, M, Bae, J, Cho, Y, Kim, S, Han, Kh, Her, S, Kim, B, Lee, S, Hong, B, Kim, W, Rha, S, Jeong, M, Shin, Gj, Vida Gutierrez, M, Valdes Chavarri, M, Pinto Sala, X, Gonzalez Juanatey JR, Civeira Murillo, F, Zamorano Gomez JL, Lekuona Goya, I, Iñiguez 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Den Hartog, F, Van Beek, E, Bendermacher, P, Jansen, R, Romer, T, Rensing, B, Hersbach, F, Herrman, J, Ladyjanskaia, G, Karalis, I, Linssen, G, Bokern, M, Visman, A, Kooij, A, Monajemi, H, Lieverse, A, Baker, J, Tie, S, Risberg, K, Hysing, J, Hoivik, H, Norheim, P, Solnor, L, Hovland, A, Kjaernli, T, Jocson, G, Coching, R, Batalla, E, Go, A, Habaluyas, R, Barcinas, R, Sy, R, Estepar, R, Germar, A, Trebacz, J, Szymkowiak, K, Wnetrzak-Michalska, R, Kopaczewski, J, Przekwas-Jaruchowska, M, Kania, G, Zabowka, M, Mirek-Bryniarska, E, Dabrowska, M, Napora, P, Konieczny, M, Spyra, J, Lysek, R, Pijanowski, Z, Grzegorzewski, B, Bednarkiewicz, Z, Kinasz, L, Antkowiak-Piatyszek, K, Stania, K, Szpajer, M, Staneta, P, Skonieczny, G, Ksiezycka-Majczynska, E, Blicharski, T, Piepiorka, M, Wozakowska-Kaplon, B, Zechowicz, T, Ilkowski, J, Lubiszewska, B, Hiczkiewicz, J, Wierzbicka, K, Kosior, D, Garbocz, P, Kubica, J, Raczak, G, Wozniak, I, Cygler, J, Kramarczuk, E, Bystryk, L, Pentela-Nowicka, J, Dabrowski, M, Podolec, P, Zieba, B, Mosiewicz, J, Dubaniewicz, W, Banach, M, Tyszecka, G, Lepich, T, Rychlewska-Hanczewska, A, Guzik, T, Monteiro, P, Pereira, H, Oliveira, L, Matos, P, Soares Goncalves, S, Leitao, A, Vasco Salgado, A, Timoteo, A, Pintilei, E, Badila, E, Militaru, C, Tudoran, M, Arsenescu-Georgescu, C, Mitu, F, Zdrenghea, D, Lighezan, D, Teodorescu, I, Popescu, M, Coman, I, Vintila, M, Vishnevsky, A, Lukyanov, Y, Blokhin, A, Kostenko, V, Shvarts, Y, Markov, V, Motylev, I, Dronov, D, Sherenkov, A, Barbarash, O, Shutemova, E, Bolshakova, O, Kobalava, Z, Voevoda, M, Treshkur, T, Zrazhevskiy, K, Pimenov, L, Solovev, O, Tarasov, N, Arkhipov, M, Freidlin, M, Shalaev, S, Yakhontova, P, Shustov, S, Goloshchekin, B, Panov, A, Bart, B, Bubnova, M, Gordeev, I, Osipova, I, Tereshenko, S, Solovieva, E, Meshkov, A, Zateyshchikov, D, Tan, J, Subramaniam, T, Pella, D, Fulop, P, Antalik, L, Dzupina, A, Banikova, A, Sosovec, D, Urgeova, L, Mazur, J, Hranai, M, Banik, M, Vinanska, D, Lennerova, J, Kovar, F, Pastrnakova, E, Uhliar, R, Blasko, P, Gonsorcik, J, Lukacova, J, Oriesek, R, Hatalova, K, du Toit, M, Ebrahim, I, Vawda, G, Lipschitz, S, Blignaut, S, Engelbrecht, J, Coetzer, T, Pretorius, M, Urbach, D, Badat, A, Pillay, S, Van Zyl, L, Abelson, M, van der Walt, E, Moodley, R, Jacovides, A, Oosthuysen, W, Klug, E, Lottering, H, Kok, J, Saaiman, J, Dawood, S, De Jong, D, Kapp, C, Makotoko, E, Bayat, J, Sarvan, M, Vally, T, Stapelberg, A, Kim, M, Bae, J, Cho, Y, Kim, S, Han, K, Her, S, Kim, B, Lee, S, Hong, B, Kim, W, Rha, S, Jeong, M, Shin, G, Vida Gutierrez, M, Valdes Chavarri, M, Pinto Sala, X, Gonzalez Juanatey, J, Civeira Murillo, F, Zamorano Gomez, J, Lekuona Goya, I, Iniguez Romo, A, Cordero Fort, A, Ascaso Gimilio, J, Millan Nunez-Cortes, J, Lindholm, C, Soderberg, S, Suutari, A, Berglund, S, Mooe, T, Kusiak, D, Bandh, S, Dahlen, G, Olsson, S, Witt, N, Tyden, P, Johansson, P, Cizinsky, S, Falck, G, Pettersson, S, Rasmanis, G, Ostergren, J, Moccetti, T, Beer, H, Eberli, F, Krahenbuhl, S, Linka, A, Ackermann, D, Michel, P, Yeh, H, Tsai, C, Wu, C, Hsia, C, Juang, J, Hsieh, I, Lai, W, Huang, C, Hsieh, Y, Sahin, T, Duzenli, M, Yigit, Z, Demir, M, Yilmaz, M, Muderrisoglu, I, Kirma, C, Ercan, E, Kayikcioglu, L, Balbay, Y, Lymar, I, Kulynych, O, Prokhorov, O, Karpenko, O, Kraіz, I, Vakaliuk, I, Stanislavchuk, M, Korzh, O, Rudyk, I, Zhurba, S, Svishchenko, Y, Tseluyko, V, Gyrina, O, Reshotko, D, Kopytsya, M, Volkov, V, Myshanych, G, Rebrov, B, Rishko, M, Rudenko, L, Shatylo, V, Parkhomenko, O, Yena, L, Golovchenko, O, Sorokina, I, Malynovsky, Y, Ivan, P, Blagden, M, Dear, H, Mathew, A, Lagocki, S, Kondagunta, V, Ahsan, A, Mckinnon, C, Douglas, F, Thom, S, Fiore, G, Caulfield, M, Lynch, M, Thomas, H, Bain, S, Hall, A, Mcnally, D, Fisher, M, Keeling, P, Al-Bahrani, A, Lip, G, Ellery, A, Purohit, J, Travill, C, Cappuccio, F, Davis, G, Gaunt, R, Adlam, D, Asamoah, N, Jaafar, F, Mccormack, T, Jupp, B, Pye, M, Ainsworth, P, Chauhan, A, Paul, N, Fairlie, H, Fox, C, Muzulu, S, Trevelyan, J, Aggarwal, R, Issa, B, Saravanan, P, Cruickshank, K, Gorog, D, Heller, S, Newby, D, Nicolson, A, Hare, P, Donnelly, P, Rutherfurd, S, de Belder, M, Finlayson, J, Harvey, J, Hoye, A, Kingston, D, Sarkar, D, Negahban, A, Webster, J, Wyatt, N, Muir, S, Cummings, M, Mackenzie, I, Senior, R, Capps, N, Fotherby, K, Mcintyre, H, Aldegather, J, Dixon, L, Saksena, R, Butler, R, Ramstad, D, Pierpont, B, Levinson, D, Mohammed, A, Haddad, T, Goel, A, Dave, K, Haught, W, Desire, A, Hershon, K, Napoli, M, Tami, L, Rothschild, R, Khurana, S, Gupta, D, Cheung, D, Hearne, S, Grubb, S, Miller, A, Baird, I, Marcus, A, Srivastava, S, Forgosh, L, Fritz, R, Mays, M, Bertolet, B, Reddy, J, Khan, M, Nakhle, S, Dill, S, Fishbein, G, Khan, B, Marais, H, Reschak, M, Malone, M, Nadar, V, Whitney, R, Reichman, A, Reyes, H, El Shahawy, M, Rabinowitz, A, Weinstein, D, Farhat, N, Onyema, D, Potu, R, Runquist, L, Barnum, O, Crater, T, Fialkow, J, Shah, A, Thompson, C, Wiseman, A, Doyle, T, Henderson, D, Herzog, W, Schnitzler, R, Carr, K, Davis, M, Nagajothi, N, Olsen, S, Rogers, W, Rubino, J, Singh, I, Tarleton, G, Bhagwat, R, Clardy, D, Jardula, M, Robinson, J, Torres, M, Vijay, N, Farris, N, Lillo, J, Moriarty, P, Recknor, C, Berlacher, P, Christensen, T, Gabra, N, Issa, M, Janik, M, Lawless, A, Molter, D, Stout, E, Brezina, B, Claxton, E, Linsky, R, Poock, J, Remler, R, Roseman, H, Schramm, E, Al-Joundi, T, Amin, J, Hitchcock, J, Isserman, S, Kirstein, J, Rider, J, Shalek, M, Sherman, H, Bernstein, M, Chandra, L, Hatharasinghe, R, Ibrahim, H, Iteld, B, Linzmeyer, K, Seaton, B, Zeig, S, Christofides, E, Dunbar, R, Griffin, S, Kohli, N, Koren, M, Pharr, W, Purdy, D, Spencer, R, Yeoman, G, Banerjee, S, Cheek, H, Engel, E, Hamroff, G, Huling, R, Kozlowski, L, Levin, P, Makam, S, Meengs, M, Bhushan, R, Erickson, B, Herman, L, Lo, E, Mcdowell, E, Mcgrew, F, Miller, M, Ord, J, Webel, R, Wilhoit, G, Wise, J, Yang, E, Budoff, M, Collins, J, Dauber, I, Dobkin, L, Focil, A, Gandy, W, Pasquini, J, Ramos, M, Rodriguez, D, Rosenson, R, Sanford, K, Schlau, A, Snyder, B, Stonesifer, L, Tang, A, De Souza, J, Elam, M, French, J, Guyton, J, Hage Korban, E, Kereiakes, D, King, M, Loh, I, Navarro, J, Simons, R, Tobin, T, Younis, L, Aboufakher, R, Baldari, D, Ballantyne, C, Broughton, R, Eaton, C, Johnston, J, Simon, W, Thomson, S, Vora, K, Youngman, D, Alzohaili, O, Auerbach, E, Brown, C, Burrough, B, Chen, Y, Gilpatrick, M, Landzberg, J, Mitchell, C, Rice, L, Rubenfire, M, Sofley, C, Strobl, D, Atassi, K, Davila, W, Diogo, J, Fagan, T, Joffe, I, Krishna, J, Osea, E, Penny, W, Rowe, W, Shapiro, M, Welker, J, Benton, R, Dobratz, D, Fortuin, F, Graham, J, Henry, B, Kusnick, B, Lutskiy, M, Mcrae, A, Saway, W, Scott, J, Shah, M, Weinberg, B, Zarich, S, Acheatel, R, Case, C, Earl, J, Fernandez, S, Giugliano, G, Handelsman, Y, Hermany, P, Holder, S, Kashyap, M, Khan, A, Lader, E, Peniston, J, Raoof, T, Sacco, J, Shore, K, Spriggs, D, Stringam, S, Tahirkheli, N, Delgado, E, Derian, W, Greenwald, J, Harris, M, Jackson, R, Marhefka, G, Mcelveen, W, Mooss, A, Morris, P, Murray, J, Pearlstein, P, Raisinghani, A, Rezkalla, S, Sakhrani, L, Schreibman, D, Shaoulian, E, Steinsapir, J, Yataco, A, De La Cruz, A, Fredrick, M, Goldenberg, E, Lee, D, Mccullum, K, Mclellan, B, Stephens, L, Wilson, S, Alfieri, A, Mandviwala, M, Orourke, D, Samal, A, Schmedtje, J, Waxman, F, Carhart, R, Clements, B, Dyke, C, Ghali, J, Gruberg, L, Hack, T, Jehle, A, Pogue, B, Schooley, C, and Shifrin, G

Subjects
Male, STATIN THERAPY, 2700 General Medicine, Disease, Cardiovascular, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, Anticholesteremic Agent, Medicine, Myocardial infarction, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, ddc:616, Incidence, Antibodies, Monoclonal, General Medicine, Cholesterol, Cardiovascular Diseases, Monoclonal, Drug Therapy, Combination, Proprotein Convertase 9, Antibody, Aged, Anticholesteremic Agents, Atherosclerosis, Cholesterol, LDL, Double-Blind Method, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Hypercholesterolemia, Least-Squares Analysis, Middle Aged, Medicine (all), REDUCING LIPIDS, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Evinacumab, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, PCSK9 INHIBITION, Follow-Up Studie, LDL, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Therapy, Clinical Research, LDL-C, Least-Squares Analysi, Science & Technology, Unstable angina, PCSK9, medicine.disease, chemistry, Clinical Biochemistry, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Bococizumab, FOURIER Steering Committee and Investigators, Medical and Health Sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Antibodies monoclonal, Cardiovascular Disease, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Humanized, RISK, biology, PCSK9 Inhibitors, 10051 Rheumatology Clinic and Institute of Physical Medicine, Heart Disease, Atherosclerosi, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Combination, Cardiology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, EZETIMIBE, 610 Medicine & health, Antibodies, Medicine, General & Internal, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, In patient, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Alirocumab, Ldl cholesterol, business.industry, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Evolocumab, Good Health and Well Being, Settore MED/11 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO CARDIOVASCOLARE, biology.protein, MODERATE, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitor, business
Abstract

Background Evolocumab is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and lowers low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels by approximately 60%. Whether it prevents cardiovascular events is uncertain. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 27,564 patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and LDL cholesterol levels of 70 mg per deciliter (1.8 mmol per liter) or higher who were receiving statin therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive evolocumab (either 140 mg every 2 weeks or 420 mg monthly) or matching placebo as subcutaneous injections. The primary efficacy end point was the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization. The key secondary efficacy end point was the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. The median duration of follow-up was 2.2 years. Results At 48 weeks, the least-squares mean percentage reduction in LDL cholesterol levels with evolocumab, as compared with placebo, was 59%, from a median baseline value of 92 mg per deciliter (2.4 mmol per liter) to 30 mg per deciliter (0.78 mmol per liter) (P

Published
2017

27. Modifying the Ratio between Highly and Lightly Doped Emitters for PERC with a Selective Emitter Structure Using Wet Chemical Etch-Back Process

Author

Joonwichien, S., Kida, Y., Moriya, M., Utsunomiya, S., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Silicon Cells, Homojunction Solar Cells
Abstract

35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 569-573, This paper demonstrates an improvement of a passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) with a selective emitter (SE) structure by modifying the ratio between lightly (n+) and highly doped (n++) emitters. To produce the SE structure, screen-printed resist masking combined with wet chemical etch-back was introduced into the conventional PERC process. An adjustment of the ratio of the n+/n++ regions can be achieved by modifying the areas between the unmasked and masked regions through screen-printing on an emitter. The ratio of the n+/n++ regions was increased from a reference of 5 to ratios of 10 and 13, respectively, aiming to decrease the recombination losses at the front surface of the cell. As a result, the SE structure had a considerable impact on the performance of the PERC cell. Upon increasing the ratio of the n+/n++ regions from 5 to 13, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) increases considerably, except for the fill factor (FF). The decline in FF for SE PERC was due to the higher sheet resistance in the area for the n+ regions during the etch-back. The improved Voc is due to a lower Auger and Shockley–Read–Hall recombination at the front surface of a cell, and the enhanced performance of the PERCs. This confirms that the range of n++ regions should be narrower to increase Voc and reduce the Auger recombination, which is a dominant recombination mechanism. The experiment results of the PERCs were modeled using the PC1D simulation program to calculate and compare the influence of the local contact pattern and SE structure on Voc. The calculation using a two-diode model indicates that the recombination current for SE PERCs occurs in the depletion region of the pn-junction. The results suggest that an improvement of the emitter through an SE structure with a narrower range of n++ regions is essential for improving the conversion efficiency of industrial-sized PERC solar cells.

Published
2018
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28. Evaluations of Oxidized Silicon Surfaces with Laser Terahertz Emission Microscope (LTEM) and Corona Charging

Author

Mochizuki, T., Ito, A., Nakanishi, H., Tanahashi, K., Kawayama, I., Tonouchi, M., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Silicon Cells, Characterisation & Simulation Methods for Si Cells
Abstract

35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 270-272, Surface band bending evaluation by assessing Terahertz (THz) emission from silicon wafers using a laser terahertz emission microscope (LTEM) is systematically and quantitatively compared with the non-contact voltagecharge (V-Q) method which utilize a Kelvin probe. The amplitude of THz emission consistently changed with the surface barrier voltage Vsb of non-contact V-Q when the surface was depleted or weakly inverted. The deposited charge density required to zero THz amplitude was close to Qtot of noncontact C-V, the charge needed to move the surface from initial condition to the flatband. When the surface had accumulation layer, the THz emission showed sensitivity to the surface charging, while Vsb = 0 and was insensitive to the surface charging. The amplitude of THz emission saturated when the surface was strongly inverted or accumulated. The results show that the LTEM can be a tool similar to the non-contact V-Q in combination with a corona charging. Furthermore, the sensitivity of THz emission to the both of depleted and accumulated surface suggests that the LTEM can be a tool to evaluate surface field of silicon surfaces to which corona charging is not applicable.

Published
2018
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29. Effect of Light Absorption from Rear Side in Bifacial Interdigitated-Back-Contact (IBC) Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell

Author

Tachibana, T., Tanahashi, K., Mochizuki, T., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Silicon Cells, Homojunction Solar Cells
Abstract

35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 574-576, In this study, effects of light absorption from rear side were investigated in bifacial interdigitated-back-contact (IBC) silicon solar cell. Our bifacial IBC solar cell has a front surface field (FSF) and screen-printed electrodes. A conversion efficiency of 19.7% was obtained from front side illumination with black sheet under the cell. When white sheet was placed under the cell, a conversion efficiency of 20.6% was obtained. These results indicate that bifacial IBC solar cells have the potential to fabricate two types of modules according to the condition of installing the modules. In the case of low absorption expectancy from the rear side such as residential space, a high reflectance back sheet under the cell would lead to a high-output as a one-sided absorption module. When set in a place with high absorption expectancy from the rear side such as PV plant, our bifacial module will lead to high output. The internal quantum efficiency (IQE) spectrum and mapping analysis showed that further improvement could be obtained to suppress the carrier collection loss at the BSF region, especially busbar area. The busbar regions in both emitter and BSF act as low carrier collection centers. Thus, the Jsc of our cell is still low. The ratio of busbar electrodes on emitter and BSF region is approximately 7 % with respect to the cell area. By eliminating the busbar region, we expect to increase the Jsc by approximately 1 mA/cm2, which should lead to over 21% conversion efficiency.

Published
2018
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30. Fully Ion-Implanted IBC Silicon Solar Cell with Gap Structure between Emitter and BSF by Self-Aligned Process

Author

Tanahashi, K., Tachibana, T., Moriya, M., Kida, Y., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Silicon Cells, Homojunction Solar Cells
Abstract

35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 624-627, We propose a fully implanted interdigitated back contact (IBC) silicon solar cell with a gap structure between the emitter and back surface field (BSF) fabricated using a self-aligned process with a single photolithography step. Boron was implanted on the entire rear side. After post-implantation annealing, the oxide layer was grown on the front and rear sides of the silicon wafer. The BSF region was patterned on the rear oxide layer via photolithography. A hollow structure with an overhang of the oxide layer was formed at the boundary between the emitter and BSF during the removal of the oxide and boron-implanted layer on the BSF region via reactive-ion etching and wet chemical etching. The overhanging oxide layer became the mask for subsequent phosphorus implantation on the BSF region.

Published
2018
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31. A Proposal of Improved CZ Growth Technique of Monocrystalline Silicon for PV Cells

Author

Fukuda, T., Horioka, Y., Fujiwara, K., Tanahashi, K., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Silicon Cells, Feedstock, Crystallisation, Wafering, Defect Engineering
Abstract

35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 314-317, Currently, monocrystalline CZ silicon ingots manufactured as photovoltaic applications are all those having long straight bodies. After heat treatments in cell fabrication process, ring-type defects, well-known to lower cell efficiency, are often observed in wafers taken from seed-side position of the long crystals. On the other hand, lower density of defects in wafers taken from tail-side position is observed. The difference in the defect density results from that of thermal history during the crystal growth process in a CZ puller. We have developed special silica crucible (called liquinert crucible) whose inner surface has non-wettable property at high temperatures. Using the liquinert crucible, we have challenged the growth of “massive silicon” characterized by the diameter of more than 0.7 times the crucible diameter and the very short body-length with the expectaion of reduced thermal history. Currently, using a small CZ puller, we started to grow small “massive silicon” from the melt (3 kg) in a liquinert crucible with the diameter of 165 mm. In order to clarify the effect of thermal history, we measured lifetime of each of the seed-side and the tail-side in both conventional silicon having the diameter (~80 mm) and the “massive silicon” having the large diameter (116 – 120 mm).

Published
2018
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38. Development of AhMITE1 markers through genome-wide analysis in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Author

Gayathri, M., Shirasawa, K., Varshney, R.K., Pandey, M.K., Bhat, R.S., Gayathri, M., Shirasawa, K., Varshney, R.K., Pandey, M.K., and Bhat, R.S.

Abstract

Objective In peanut, the DNA polymorphism is very low despite enormous phenotypic variations. This limits the use of genomics-assisted breeding to enhance peanut productivity. This study aimed to develop and validate new AhMITE1 and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) markers. Results In total, 2957 new AhMITE1 markers were developed in addition to identifying 465 already reported markers from the whole genome re-sequencing data (WGRS) of 33 diverse genotypes of peanut. The B sub-genome (1620) showed more number of markers than the A sub-genome (1337). Distribution also varied among the chromosomes of both the sub-genomes. Further, 52.6% of the markers were from genic regions; where 31.0% were from intronic regions and 5.2% were from exonic regions. Of the 343 randomly selected markers, 82.2% showed amplification validation, with up to 35.5% polymorphism. From the SNPs on the A03, B01, B02 and B03 chromosomes, 11,730 snip-SNPs (potential CAPS sites) were identified, and 500 CAPS markers were developed from chromosome A03. Of these markers, 30.0% showed validation and high polymorphism. This study demonstrated the potential of the WGRS data to develop AhMITE1 and CAPS markers, which showed high level of validation and polymorphism. These marker resources will be useful for various genetic studies and mapping in peanut.

Published
2018

39. Sequencing analysis of genetic loci for resistance for late leaf spot and rust in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Author

Shirasawa, K., Bhat, R.S., Khedikar, Y.P., Sujay, V., Kolekar, R.M., Yeri, S.B., Sukruth, M., Cholin, S., Asha, B., Pandey, M.K., Varshney, R.K., Gowda, M.V.C., Shirasawa, K., Bhat, R.S., Khedikar, Y.P., Sujay, V., Kolekar, R.M., Yeri, S.B., Sukruth, M., Cholin, S., Asha, B., Pandey, M.K., Varshney, R.K., and Gowda, M.V.C.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify candidate resistance genes for late leaf spot (LLS) and rust diseases in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). We used a double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-Seq) technique based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) for genotyping analysis across the recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between a susceptible line, TAG 24, and a resistant line, GPBD 4. A total of 171 SNPs from the ddRAD-Seq together with 282 markers published in the previous studies were mapped on a genetic map covering 1510.1 cM. Subsequent quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis revealed major genetic loci for LLS and rust resistance on chromosomes A02 and A03, respectively. Heterogeneous inbred family-derived near isogenic lines and the pedigree of the resistant gene donor, A. cardenasii Krapov. & W.C. Greg., including the resistant derivatives of ICGV 86855 and VG 9514 as well as GPBD 4, were employed for whole-genome resequencing analysis. The results indicated the QTL candidates for LLS and rust resistance were located in 1.4- and 2.7-Mb genome regions on A02 and A03, respectively. In these regions, four and six resistance-related genes with deleterious mutations were selected as candidates for LLS and rust resistance, respectively. These delimited genomic regions may be beneficial in breeding programs aimed at improving disease resistance and enhancing peanut productivity.

Published
2018

42. The Impact of Diamond Wire Quality on the Mechanical Strength of Thin Silicon Wafers for PV Cells

Author

Fukuda, T., Sekhar, H., Tanahashi, K., Shirasawa, K., Takato, H., Ohkubo, K., and Toge, N.

Subjects
Feedstock, Crystallisation, Wafering, Defect Engineering, Silicon Photovoltaics
Abstract

33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 534-536, We have investigated the mechanical strength of monocrystalline silicon wafers to improve the yield of photovoltaic (PV) cell fabrication process. In slicing monocrystalline silicon bricks, diamond abrasives fixed on a wire surface scratch front and backside surfaces of wafers more seriously than wafer edges. Therefore, damages and defects not at edges but on both surfaces cause a serious concern for lowering the mechanical strength. We prepared 200 and 120 μm thick wafers by cutting silicon bricks with a multi-wire saw, in which two kinds of diamond wires, the one with the abrasive-size ranging from 8 to 16 μm in diameter and the other from 6 to 12 μm were equipped. On the wire surface, the dispersion of 6 to 12 μm abrasives was improved to be larger compared with that of 8 to 16 μm abrasives. We report that the improved wire is essential to have wafers with higher mechanical strength and the reason why the wire improvement results in the strength increase.

Published
2017
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43. Fully Ion Implanted n-Type Silicon Bifacial Solar Cell with 20.1% Efficiency

Author

Tanahashi, K., Moriya, M., Simayi, S., Kida, Y., Fukuda, T., Utsunomiya, S., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Homojunction Solar Cells, Silicon Photovoltaics
Abstract

33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 637-640, We fabricated the fully ion-implanted n-type passivated emitter, rear totally-diffused (PERT) silicon solar cells with elemental boron-implanted emitters and phosphorus-implanted back surface field (BSF). The commercial base n-type (phosphorus doping) magnetic field-applied Czochralski (MCZ) silicon wafers of 156 mm × 156 mm in size were used in this study. A maximum front side conversion efficiency of 20.4% was obtained. The bifacial factor rear/front of the best-performing solar cell was 93.1%. Photoluminescence (PL) images revealed the ring-like dark contrasts of the solar cells with low conversion efficiencies. The conversion efficiencies were degraded due to oxygen precipitation during the fabrication of the solar cells.

Published
2017
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44. Challenge to genomic selection in strawberry at four breeding stations in Japan

Author

Nagano, S., primary, Shirasawa, K., additional, Maeda, F., additional, Watanabe, M., additional, Noguchi, Y., additional, Kataoka, S., additional, Wada, T., additional, Oku, K., additional, Mori, M., additional, Tasaki, K., additional, Iimura, K., additional, Nakaya, A., additional, Yanagi, T., additional, Hirakawa, H., additional, and Isobe, S., additional

Published
2018
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48. Climate clever clovers: New paradigm to reduce the environmental footprint of ruminants by breeding low methanogenic forages utilizing haplotype variation

Author

Kaur, P., Appels, R., Bayer, P.E., Keeble-Gagnère, G., Wang, J., Hirakawa, H., Shirasawa, K., Vercoe, P., Stefanova, K., Durmic, Z., Nichols, P., Revell, C., Isobe, S.N., Edwards, D., Erskine, W., Kaur, P., Appels, R., Bayer, P.E., Keeble-Gagnère, G., Wang, J., Hirakawa, H., Shirasawa, K., Vercoe, P., Stefanova, K., Durmic, Z., Nichols, P., Revell, C., Isobe, S.N., Edwards, D., and Erskine, W.

Abstract

Mitigating methane production by ruminants is a significant challenge to global livestock production. This research offers a new paradigm to reduce methane emissions from ruminants by breeding climate-clever clovers. We demonstrate wide genetic diversity for the trait methanogenic potential in Australia’s key pasture legume, subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). In a bi-parental population the broadsense heritability in methanogenic potential was moderate (H2 D 0.4) and allelic variation in a region of Chr 8 accounted for 7.8% of phenotypic variation. In a genome-wide association study we identified four loci controlling methanogenic potential assessed by an in vitro fermentation system. Significantly, the discovery of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on Chr 5 in a defined haplotype block with an upstream putative candidate gene from a plant peroxidase-like superfamily (TSub_g18548) and a downstream lectin receptor protein kinase (TSub_g18549) provides valuable candidates for an assay for this complex trait. In this way haplotype variation can be tracked to breed pastures with reduced methanogenic potential. Of the quantitative trait loci candidates, the DNA-damage-repair/toleration DRT100-like protein (TSub_g26967), linked to avoid the severity of DNA damage induced by secondary metabolites, is considered central to enteric methane production, as are disease resistance (TSub_g26971, TSub_g26972, and TSub_g18549) and ribonuclease proteins (TSub_g26974, TSub_g26975). These proteins are good pointers to elucidate the genetic basis of in vitro microbial fermentability and enteric methanogenic potential in subterranean clover. The genes identified allow the design of a suite of markers for marker-assisted selection to reduce rumen methane emission in selected pasture legumes. We demonstrate the feasibility of a plant breeding approach without compromising animal productivity to mitigate enteric methane emissions, which is one of the most significant cha

Published
2017

49. Evaluation of Passivated Surface of Silicon with Laser Terahertz Emission Microscope (LTEM)

Author

Mochizuki, T., Ito, A., Nakanishi, H., Mitchell, J., Tanahashi, K., Kawayama, I., Tonouchi, M., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology, Silicon Solar Cell Characterisation and Modelling
Abstract

32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 510-513, Terahertz emission from silicon wafers with silicon-oxide passivation lasers were measured using a laser terahertz emission microscope (LTEM) with strong correlation between THz waveform and the surface potential being observed. The surface potential were electrically tuned by an indium-tin oxide transparent electrode disk on the top and evaluated by capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics. The sample were excited by Ti-Sapphire laser pulses and the waveform of THz emission were measured by the THz time-domain spectroscopy techniques using LTEM. The observed waveform changed with the external bias and inverted near the flatband voltage, and changes similar to the C-V characteristics were shown in the peak amplitude. These results indicate that the LTEM can measure and map the surface band bending of Si by analysing the waveform of THz emission. We expect that the LTEM can be applied as an optical inspection tools of passivation layers of solar cells.

Published
2016
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50. New Cross-Linking Assistant for Encapsulating Materials of EVA

Author

Kawamura, Y., Yamaura, M., Asao, S., Shirasawa, K., and Takato, H.

Subjects
Operation, Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaics, PV Cells and Modules
Abstract

32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2304-2306, Potential Induced Degradation (PID) occurs at mega solar power plants and is a serious problem. The mainstream approach to PID prevention is to improve anti-reflection coating to change Si/N ratios. We, on the other hand, suggest prevention with the encapsulating material. We developed the cross-linking assistant “TENASHIELD®” which improves volume resistivity of the EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) film. Volume resistivity of the test film is more than ten times higher than EVA film containing conventional cross-linking assistants. The power output of modules equipped with EVA film containing TENASHIELD® didn’t decrease as our PID testing showed. TENASHIELD® provided superior PID prevention to EVA film. We infer that TENASHIELD® reduces the formation of voids and conductive passes when EVA film is applied in thermal cross-linking. We assume that a migration of Na ions was prevented, and PID was reduced. Conventional anti-reflection coating is effective enough for photo-voltaic cells if TENASHIELD® is used. Cost of this method may be much lower than other PID prevention methods. Thus, TENASHIELD® may contribute to the further development of mega solar power plants.

Published
2016
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