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Context: To stabilize the humeral head within the glenoid fossa during arm elevation, the rotator cuff muscles may contribute through internal and external rotation. The main purpose of the current study was to compare the acromiohumeral distance between athletes with primary subacromial impingement syndrome who received progressive resistance exercises consisting of either shoulder internal or external rotation. Design: A randomized and controlled clinical study. Methods: Thirty athletes with primary subacromial impingement syndrome were enrolled and randomly divided into 2 experimental groups. The progressive resistance exercise protocol in experimental group I comprised shoulder internal rotation, while in experimental group II consisted of shoulder external rotation. The experimental groups worked out 3 days a week for 6 weeks. The experimental groups were compared with the control group consisting of 15 healthy athletes. The acromiohumeral distance was measured before and after the intervention using an ultrasound machine under the passive and active across no arm elevation and 45°of arm elevation. Results: The acromiohumeral distance significantly increased in both experimental groups under the passive and active arm positions following the intervention (P <.001), with no significant differences detected between the experimental groups (P >.665). The paired comparisons of the acromiohumeral distance discrepancy indicated a significant difference between the control group and each experimental group under the active and passive arm positions (P <.001), while no significant difference was observed between the experimental groups (P >.999). Conclusions: The present study revealed, for the first time, that both progressive resistance exercise protocols involving either the shoulder internal or the external rotation increased the acromiohumeral distance in individuals with primary subacromial impingement syndrome and improved associated pain and disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This systematic review analyzed the recently available information regarding the efficacy of rigid taping in alleviating pain and improving functional status in subacromial impingement syndrome. Introduction: Rigid taping is commonly utilized in the rehabilitation of subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). It is proposed to have positive effects on alleviating pain and shoulder function, but the scientific evidence of its efficacy is still not clear. Methods: An electronic search was conducted on Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO, Google Scholar databases, and a manual search from the bibliography of the included studies. Randomized trials (published between March 2010 and November 2023), which included rigid taping as an experimental or control treatment for the pain function state in subacromial impingement syndrome, assessed pain using the visual analog scale (VAS) or numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), and assessed functional status using Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) or the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using PEDro scale. Conclusion: There is a moderate level of evidence that using rigid tape in treating patients with shoulder impingement syndrome has no positive effect in reducing pain intensity, while there is a moderate level of evidence that using rigid tape in treating patients with shoulder impingement syndrome has a positive effect in reducing disability and improving the function. Systematic review registration: Submitted to PROSPERO.org. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective of this study was to investigate if exercise into pain is more effective than no pain in RCRSP. Patients and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a physiotherapy clinic in Belgium. Forty-three participants with chronic RCRSP were randomly allocated to G1 (exercising into pain) or G2 (exercising without pain) in a 12-week intervention with 6-month follow-up. Primary outcome was the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI); secondary outcomes were pain intensity, fear-avoidance beliefs, fear of pain, quality of life, strength, and range of motion. Outcomes were measured at baseline (T0), after 9 weeks (T1), 12 weeks (T2), and 6 months (T3) from the first session and analysed with linear mixed models. Results: No between-group difference in SPADI (time-by-group interaction, p = 0.25) up to 6 months was found, with mean difference (G1-G2) at T1 = 5.78 (CI95%: − 3.43,14.59; p = 0.33), at T2 = 0.93 (CI95%: − 7.20,9.05; p = 0.82), at T3 = 4.15 (CI95%: − 2.61,10.92; p = 0.33). No between-group differences were found for any other outcomes. Conclusion: Pain provocation seems not to be necessary in RCRSP for achieving successful treatment effect in pain and disability reduction, fear-related beliefs, and quality of life up to 6 months. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04553289. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Exercise therapy (ET) is the main and initial treatment modality for treating subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). The isolated or combined use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) applications in treating SIS is increasing and promising. A comparison was made on the effectiveness of ET alone and in combination with PRP on pain, functionality, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with SIS. Purposes/Hypothesis: The purposes of this study were to (1) investigate the possible positive effects of PRP injections combined with ET in treating SIS on pain, functionality, and QoL and (2) propose an alternative treatment protocol. It was hypothesized that the group receiving PRP applications in addition to ET would have a better QoL due to less pain and higher functionality 6 months after treatment. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Volunteer patients diagnosed with SIS were included based on history and physical examination findings. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging to confirm the diagnosis and exclude possible accompanying pathologies. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The first group underwent ET at home for 8 weeks (ET group), and the second group received the same ET program and an additional 2 PRP injections, at the beginning of the study and the end of the fourth week (PRP group). Patients were evaluated initially and 6 months after the treatment using the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain score, Constant-Murley Score (CMS), and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test determined the conformity of the data to a normal distribution, chi-square analysis was used to compare categorical variables between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous and intergroup variables. Intragroup changes before and after treatment were evaluated with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. P <.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 67 patients were initially enrolled; 5 were excluded and 6 were lost to follow-up (1 because of a COVID diagnosis). Thus, 56 patients (56 shoulders) were included for analysis. There were 28 patients in the ET group and 28 patients in the PRP group. There were no statistical differences between groups regarding participant characteristics and clinical evaluations before treatment. A statistically significant improvement was observed in pain (VAS subgroups), functionality (CMS subgroups), and QoL (SF-36 subgroups) evaluations of patients in both the ET and the PRP groups compared with before the treatment and 6 months after treatment (P <.05). At the 6-month posttreatment evaluation, the PRP group was statistically significantly superior to isolated ET in terms of VAS rest (P =.001) and night (P =.004) scores. This superiority was also in favor of the PRP group in flexion strength (P =.001), abduction strength (P =.046), and abduction degree (P =.041) measurements. There was no significant difference between ET and PRP groups regarding VAS activity, CMS, and SF-36 scores (P >.05) at 6 months. Conclusion: Our study showed that both isolated ET and additional PRP application to ET are effective methods in SIS treatment regarding pain, function, and QoL. Combining ET with PRP was superior in reducing pain and improving abduction degree and strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective This systematic review analyzed the recently available information regarding the efficacy of rigid taping in alleviating pain and improving functional status in subacromial impingement syndrome. Introduction Rigid taping is commonly utilized in the rehabilitation of subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). It is proposed to have positive effects on alleviating pain and shoulder function, but the scientific evidence of its efficacy is still not clear. Methods An electronic search was conducted on Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO, Google Scholar databases, and a manual search from the bibliography of the included studies. Randomized trials (published between March 2010 and November 2023), which included rigid taping as an experimental or control treatment for the pain function state in subacromial impingement syndrome, assessed pain using the visual analog scale (VAS) or numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), and assessed functional status using Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) or the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using PEDro scale. Conclusion There is a moderate level of evidence that using rigid tape in treating patients with shoulder impingement syndrome has no positive effect in reducing pain intensity, while there is a moderate level of evidence that using rigid tape in treating patients with shoulder impingement syndrome has a positive effect in reducing disability and improving the function. Systematic review registration Submitted to PROSPERO.org.