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In this study, a ferrate material with a narrow band gap and rapid electron hole separation ability is synthesized for degrading methylene blue from industrial wastewater. Hard ferrite (CoZnFeO4) with octahedral structure is synthesized by solid-phase method from waste ferrous sulfate. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTPR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TPR study showed that the oxidation performance of CoZnFeO4 is improved with the addition of cobalt. The total organic carbon removal rate of methylene blue over CoZnFeO4 catalyst is 90% within 60 min. The effects of reaction time, pollutant concentration, catalyst dosage and oxidant concentration on the removal efficiency were optimized. ESI–MS demonstrated the stability of the catalyst for leaching. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the catalyst could be reused. These findings provide a low cost and simple strategy for rational design and modulation of catalysts for the industrial degradation of organic pollutants. It not only realizes the use of waste to treat waste, but also accords with the current concept of green chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new low-cost composite of ZnCo x Fe 2- x O 4 loaded on rice hull carbon (ZnCo x Fe 2- x O 4 -RHC) was synthesized via waste ferrous sulfate (the industrial waste produced in the process of producing titanium dioxide) and rice hull as raw materials, which was applied for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) by heterogeneous activated peroxodisulfate (PS). A series of characterizations including XRD, SEM, FTIR, and BET analysis were carried out to analyze the structure and morphology of the materials. It is confirmed that the ZnCo x Fe 2- x O 4 -RHC composites show better catalytic activity and performance than other control samples, which can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Fe and Co, ZnCo x Fe 2- x O 4 and RHC based on these analyses. The degradation rate of BPA by ZnCo 1.3 Fe 0.7 O 4 -50%RHC reached 100% within 15 min, and it can still maintain good catalytic efficiency after 5 cycles. ESR test and XPS results showed that free radical and non-free radical processes were involved in BPA degradation. These findings offer a novel, low cost and simple strategy for rational design and modulation of catalysts for the industrial degradation of organic pollutants, and provide a new idea for the utilization of waste ferrous sulphate in titanium dioxide industry., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)