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Purpose: Our aim was to identify recent research trends on diabetic macular edema (DME) and focus on publications from different countries, institutions, and authors. Methods: We retrieved and analyzed data from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2022 on the DME research field from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer were applied to perform visualization analysis and evaluate the trends. Results: A total of 4482 publications were identified, and the annual global publications increased steadily, from 36 to 390, during this period. The United States (1339 publications, 71,754 citations), Johns Hopkins University (176 publications, 17,015 citations), and Bressler NM (76 publications, 9621 citations) were the most influential and productive countries, institutions, and authors, respectively. The top 100 keywords were classified into five clusters: (1) therapy and adverse effects of DME; (2) clinical biomarkers of DME; (3) mechanistic research on DME; (4) improving bioavailability and efficacy; and (5) early diagnosis of diabetic complications. "Diabetic macular edema," "retinopathy," "ranibizumab," and "optical coherence tomography angiography" were the most frequent keywords. Regarding the average appearing years (AAYs) of the keywords, "deep learning" (AAY:2020.83), "optical coherence tomography angiography" (AAY:2019.59), "intravitreal Aflibercept" (AAY:2019.29), and "dexamethasone implant" (AAY:2019.20) were recognized as the hotspots of the DME research area in the short run. Conclusion: In the past two decades, the United States was in master status in DME research. Although intravitreal drug injection has been the mainstream therapy for a long time, the effectiveness of different drugs, such as dexamethasone, new solutions for drug delivery, such as intravitreal implantation, and more accurate tools for the classification and follow-up of DME patients, such as deep learning systems, are still research hotspots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Macular hole (MH) can severely impair central vision. Although it can be treated with vitrectomy surgery, avoiding recurrence and improving visual acuity are still priorities to be addressed. This study aims to reveal the trends and hotspots about MH. Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) was used to perform a bibliometric analysis investigating trends of MH research from 2002 to 2021. We evaluated the details of associated regions, institutions, authors, and journals. To construct and overlay network visualizations, VOSviewer software was used. Results: In total, 1518 publications were collected. Our analysis showed that MH research is becoming increasingly relevant, with Japan achieving the largest number of publications (291), largest number of citations (7745 in total), and highest h-index value (48). Retina published the most publications on this topic, totaling more than the next two journals combined. An analysis of keyword co-occurrence was evaluated, highlighting several novel keywords of interest, such as flap technique, transplantation, epiretinal proliferation (EP), foveal microstructure, and retinal sensitivity. Conclusions: Details on MH research were uncovered by comprehensively analyzing the global trends and hotspots over the past two decades, presenting valuable information for future MH research. Japan, the USA, and China hold leading positions in research on this topic. Amendable surgical methods are a potential focus for improving prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wideband hybrid mode-switching push–push oscillator with low phase noise is presented in this paper. To achieve the wide tuning range, the inductive and capacitive hybrid mode-switching technique is proposed for the first time. It introduces more freedom of design parameters (i.e., inductance and capacitance) in the resonant tank. Under certain tuning range requirement, the hybrid mode-switching oscillator achieves higher input impedance of the resonator compared to the conventional mode-switching oscillators. Meanwhile, a transformer-coupled inductor ring with symmetrical layout configuration is proposed to realize the switch-less hybrid mode switching, which further improves the circuit performance at sub-THz. Therefore, a good phase noise performance can be obtained within a wide tuning range, which leads to a relaxed tradeoff between the phase noise and tuning range. To verify the aforementioned mechanism operating at sub-THz band, a hybrid mode-switching oscillator based on the dual-mode push–push topology is proposed and fabricated in a conventional 28-nm CMOS technology. The measured results show a 21.7% tuning range with the center frequency of 169.6 GHz and a state-of-the-art FoMT of −180.6 dBc/Hz. The core circuit only occupies 0.039 mm2, while drawing 95 mW with a 0.9-V supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of diazepam in maintaining stable intraoperative blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients undergoing vitrectomy under nerve block anesthesia.Methods: A total of 180 hypertensive patients undergoing vitrectomy with nerve block anesthesia were randomized into two groups. The intervention group was given oral diazepam 60 min before operation, while the control group was given oral placebo 60 min before operation. The primary outcome is the effective rate of intraoperative BP control, defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) during the operation maintained < 160 mmHg at all timepoints. The logistic regression model will be performed to analyze the compare risk factors for ineffective BP control.Results: The effective rate of intraoperative SBP control in the diazepam group was significant higher than that in the placebo group from 15 min to 70 min of the surgery (P < 0.05). The proportion of patients with SBP ≥ 180 mmHg at any timepoint from operation to 1 h postoperation was higher in the placebo group (12.22%) than in the diazepam group (2.22%) (P = 0.0096). We observed that the change in SBP from baseline consistently remained higher in the placebo group than in the diazepam group. In the logistic regression analysis, age, years of diagnosed hypertension and SBP 1h before surgery were significant risk factors for ineffective BP control.Conclusion: This study provides robust evidence supporting the effectiveness of oral diazepam as a pre-surgery intervention in maintaining stable blood pressure during vitrectomy in hypertensive patients.Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), ChiCTR2100041772. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a wideband quasi-circulator (QC) with the low noise figure (NF) and high 1-dB compression point (P1dB) is proposed. The slotline-based 180° hybrid is introduced to achieve the wideband high transmitter-receiver (TX-RX) isolation. Meanwhile, the bidirectional in-phase stage and the nonreciprocal out-of-phase stage are utilized to obtain specific power-split ratios for the low insertion loss and high antenna-transmitter (ANT-TX) isolation. By using the unequal power split, the proposed QC is without the fundamental 3-dB loss seen in reciprocal ANT interfaces. Besides, to further enhance the TX-RX isolation within a wideband, a reconfigurable inter-stage matching network based on a varactor-tuned capacitor is implemented. To verify the mechanisms mentioned above, a reconfigurable wideband QC operating at 1.75–2.9 GHz is implemented and fabricated. The total power consumption is 224 mW. The measurement exhibits in-band TX-RX isolation of 27–58 dB. The TX-ANT and ANT-RX insertion losses are 4.3–5.0 dB and 1.0–1.9 dB, respectively. The QC also achieves the minimum in-band ANT-RX NF of 3.4 dB. Meanwhile, the measured TX-ANT and ANT-RX IIP3s are 39.4 and 32.5 dBm, respectively. The TX input P1dB is greater than 28.78 dBm, while the RX input P1dB is 23 dBm. The TX-induced ANT-RX P1dB is measured to be 28 dBm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study developed an easy-to-use and reproducible platform with high-throughput drug screening, a 3D culture model and an in-vivo model for TED studies, which was based on a TED patient-derived OF-CL with proliferative and adipogenic properties and without severely perturbing genotype inheritance. Thyroid eye disease (TED), the most frequent orbital disease and the leading cause of proptosis in adults, is a debilitating, disfiguring, and even sight-threatening disease.[1] Drugs as alternative options are required for TED patients who need surgery to control orbital compression. Repurposing picropodophyllin as a potential thyroid eye disease treatment via delaying mitotic clonal expansion through a patient-derived preclinical platform The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was isolated from the OAT of a 35-year-old female TED patient who underwent decompression surgery, and cultured in dishes for primary orbital fibroblasts (OFs). [Extracted from the article]