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Dual-mode coupling drive system can improve the dynamic performance of electric vehicles through mode switching, and the quality of mode switching directly affects the comfort of drivers and passengers. Mechanical coupling on the left and right sides of the single actuator causes mutual interference during shifting, resulting in prolonged power interruption time and shifting shock. Therefore, this paper analyzes the mutual interference mechanism of single-actuator shifting, designs a new dual actuator, and proposes a staged fuzzy PID controller. Finally, the effectiveness of dual-actuator shifting is proven through simulations and real vehicle testing. Compared with conventional PID control and BP neural network PID control, the shock degree is reduced by 64% and 50%, which improves the mode-switching quality of the dual-mode coupling drive system.

Based on the analytic hierarchy process, an evaluation index system consisting of 3 first-level indexes and 15 second-level indexes was established. The tracking evaluation of marine environmental impact during construction was carried out in three offshore wind farms in Zhuhai, Yangjiang and Shantou, using the evaluation method based on data analysis, which was the first application in this field. The evaluation content covered the qualitative analysis of the environmental management status of the offshore wind power project during the construction period and the implementation of environmental countermeasures as well as the quantitative evaluation of the ecological environmental impact. The comprehensive evaluation results were obtained, and the existing problems and countermeasures were clarified. At the same time, it was suggested to explore the implementation of the whole process of marine environmental impact assessment system, further reduced the impact of engineering construction on the marine environment, and jointly promoted high-quality economic development and high-level protection of ecological environment.

Abstract Quantum secret sharing (QSS) and conference key agreement (CKA) provide efficient encryption approaches for realizing multi-party secure communication, which are essential components of quantum networks. In this work, a practical, scalable, verifiable (k, n) threshold continuous variable QSS protocol secure against eavesdroppers and dishonest players are proposed and demonstrated. The protocol does not require preparing the laser source by each player and phase locking of independent lasers. The parameter evaluation and key extraction can be accomplished by only the dealer and the corresponding player. By using the multiple sideband modulation, a single heterodyne detector can extract the information of multiple players. The practical security of the system is considered. The system is versatile, it can support the CKA protocol by only modifying the classic post-processing and requiring no changes to the underlying hardware architecture. By implementing the QSS and CKA protocols with five parties over 25 km (55 km) single-mode fibers, a key rate of 0.0061 (7.14 × 10−4) bits per pulse is observed. The results significantly reduces the system complexity and paves the way for the practical applications of QSS and CKA with efficient utilization of resources and telecom technologies.

Abstract The traditional two-wheeled self-balancing robot can travel quickly in a flat road environment, and it is easy to destabilize and capsize when passing through a bumpy road. To improve the passing ability of a two-wheeled robot, a new wheel-legged two-wheeled robot is developed. A seven-link leg structure is proposed through the comprehensive design of mechanism configuration, which decouples the balanced motion and leg motion of the robot. Based on the Euler–Lagrange method, the dynamic model of the system is obtained by applying the nonholonomic dynamic Routh equation in the generalized coordinate system. The robot’s state space is divided according to the robot’s height, and the Riccati equation is solved in real-time by the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) method to complete the balance and motion control of the robot. The robot leg motion control is achieved based on the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) way. A robot simulation model is built on Recurdyn to verify the algorithm’s feasibility, and then an experimental prototype is built to demonstrate the algorithm’s effectiveness. The experimental results show that the control method based on LQR and ADRC can make the robot pass through the bumpy road.

Objective This study analyzed the popularity of TikTok health knowledge popularization accounts with the objective of creating a template for accounts suited to widely disseminating information, thereby enhancing the public's access to health knowledge on a broader scale. Methods This study is based on 40 Chinese TikTok short video accounts that were active from February to April 2022 and were engaged in health science popularization. Data were validated by structured calibration using three qualitative anchors. It employs the “content–context” and the elaboration likelihood models as the theoretical framework. A qualitative comparative analysis is used to explore the factors affecting the popularity of this type of account mechanism. Results Among the nine variables involved in the calculation, one reached 0.909091, demonstrating that the number of followers was both a necessary factor and a condition for the popularity of short health science video accounts. There were 16 paths in the complex solution with a consistency of 1, and their overall coverage reached 0.878788, indicating that approximately 87% of the cases could be explained. From the spread of the content and communication situation, professional medical knowledge, current hot topics, professionals, and serious issues were the most likely combinations for rapid spread. From the perspective of the central and edge paths, “likes” exceeding 100,000 and fans exceeding 1 million were essential combinations. Conclusions The dissemination of medical knowledge has gained significant traction, especially with regard to trending and popular topics. When it comes to the tone of communication, a serious style proved effective in fostering what can be termed “hot communication.” From the standpoint of central and peripheral paths, it is crucial that the number of likes in the past month and the total number of fans surpass 100,000 and one million, respectively.

At present, the traditional magnetic three-dimensional inversion method has been fully developed and is widely used. Magnetic exploration is a kind of geophysical exploration method that uses the magnetic field changes (magnetic anomalies) caused by the magnetic differences between various rocks in the crust to find useful mineral resources and study the underground structure. Traditional magnetic three-dimensional inversion is relatively inefficient. Moreover, the traditional additive objective function (data fitting difference term plus regularization term and logarithmic obstacle term), which causes the regularization factor selection to be more complicated, is implemented in this method. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a new efficient three-dimensional magnetic inversion algorithm and optimize the selection of regularization factors. In this paper, based on the limited-memory BFGS (L-BFGS) method, the three-dimensional magnetic inversion of a multiplicative objective function is realized. The inversion test is conducted in this paper using both theoretical synthesis data and measured data. The results demonstrate that the limited-memory BFGS method significantly enhances the inversion efficiency and yields superior inversion outcomes compared to traditional magnetic three-dimensional inversion methods. Additionally, the multiplicative objective function-based three-dimensional magnetic inversion method simplifies the process of selecting weight factors for regularization terms.

Abstract Purpose To investigate the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in treating patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)‐positive breast cancers with brain metastasis. Patients and Methods This is a multicenter retrospective study, and the HER2‐positive breast cancer patients with brain metastasis were studied. The enrolled patients were given pyrotinib 400 mg orally once per day for 21 days as one cycle, and evaluated every two cycles. All relevant data were detected for final assessments including medical history, clinical examination, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, radiographic imaging, treatment outcome, and adverse events. Results Forty‐two female patients in total were enrolled in this study. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) of central nervous system (CNS), were found in 20 of 42 (47.6%) and in 39 of 42 (92.8%), respectively, while for extra‐CNS, the respective ORR and DCR were in 9 of 38 (23.6%) and in 36 of 38 (94.7%), respectively. The compounded ORR and DCR were seen in 17 of 42 (40.4%) and in 39 of 42 (92.8%), respectively. The improvement rate of craniocerebral symptoms after treatment was (19/19) 100% and the median duration was 15 months. The median effective time of brain metastases and other metastases was 43 and 50 days. The median follow‐up time was 22 months (interquartile range, 16.0–24.3 months). The median time for progression in brain metastasis was 16.6 months. The median time to progress for our group patients was 11.1 months. Sixteen patients (36%) with adverse reactions were recorded in the study. Conclusion Pyrotinib combined with chemotherapy/radiotherapy or alone showed significantly greater local control rates and progression free survival (PFS), with manageable toxicity for patients with HER2‐positive breast cancer with brain metastases, and further follow‐up will provide an overall survival (OS) data.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high prevalence worldwide, with a significant proportion of patients progressing into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and further into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most of the current animal models of NASH have limitations, such as incompatibility with human pathogenesis characteristics or long induction periods, which severely limit the development of new drugs and preclinical studies for NASH. We investigated the progression of NASH and fibrosis, as well as metabolic indicators, at different time points in aged mice induced by the Gubra Amylin NASH (GAN) diet, a high-fat, high-sugar, high-cholesterol diet, and attempted to establish a rapid and useful mouse model of NASH. Young and aged C57BL/6 mice were induced on a normal chow or GAN diet for 12 and 21 weeks, respectively. After 12 weeks of induction, aged mice developed NASH, including hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation and hepatic ballooning, and the phenotype was more severe compared with young mice. After 21 weeks of induction, aged mice developed hepatic fibrosis, which greatly shortened the induction time compared with young mice. Furthermore, analysis of immune cell infiltration in the liver by flow cytometry elucidated the changes of multiple immune cells during the pathogenesis of NASH. These findings suggest that aged mice may develop NASH and fibrosis more rapidly under GAN diet induction, which may significantly shorten the period for preclinical studies of NASH.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary protein level on the production performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, and flavor of finishing pigs. Twenty-seven Duroc♂ × Bamei♀ binary cross-bred pigs (60.86 ± 2.52 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to three groups, each group has three replicates, and each replicate has three pigs. Three groups of finishing pigs were fed 16.0, 14.0, and 12.0% crude protein levels diets, and these low-protein diets were supplemented with four limiting amino acids (lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan). The results showed that the pigs fed low-protein diets increased (P < 0.05) loin eye muscle area, and reduced (P < 0.05) heart weight, lung weight. The feed-weight ratio of the 14.0% protein group was reduced (P > 0.05); Dietary protein levels significantly affected the luminance (L24h), yellowness (b45min and b24h) (P < 0.05), reduced shear stress, muscle water loss, drip loss, the levels of crude fat (P < 0.05), and increased marbling score (P < 0.05) in the muscle of finishing pigs; The low-protein diets improved PUFA/TFA, PUFA/SFA (P > 0.05), and increased hexanal, E-2-heptenal, 1-octen-3-ol, EAA/TAA in the muscle of finishing pigs (P < 0.05); The results indicated that reduced the crude protein levels of dietary by 2.0–4.0%, and supplementation with four balanced limiting amino acids had no significant effects on the production performance and slaughter performance of finishing pigs, and could effectively improve meat quality and flavor.

A new seahorse genome and the re-sequenced genomes of 21 other species shed new light on the evolutionary origin and global dispersal routes of seahorses, and show that bony spines—a key adaptation against predation—probably evolved multiple times via independent substitutions in the bmp3 gene.

Few fishes have evolved elevated body temperatures compared with ambient temperatures, and only in opah (Lampris spp) is the entire body affected. To understand the molecular basis of endothermy, we analyzed the opah genome and identified 23 genes with convergent amino acid substitutions across fish, birds, and mammals, including slc8b1, which encodes the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and is essential for heart function and metabolic heat production. Among endothermic fishes, 44 convergent genes with suggestive metabolic functions were identified, such as glrx3, encoding a crucial protein for hemoglobin maturation. Numerous genes involved in the production and retention of metabolic heat were also found to be under positive selection. Analyses of opah's unique inner-heat-producing pectoral muscle layer (PMI), an evolutionary key innovation, revealed that many proteins were co-opted from dorsal swimming muscles for thermogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, the opah genome provides valuable resources and opportunities to uncover the genetic basis of thermal adaptations in fish. Public summary: • Endothermy has evolved multiple times in fishes (teleosts and chondrichthyans) • Opah genome explaining genetic changes in heat production and the sensory and immune system • Convergent evolution of genes in endothermic vertebrate lineages was investigated • Analyses of the pectoral muscle of opah revealed numerous highly expressed genes for thermogenesis

A high-resolution (∼500 m) numerical model was used to study the reef and atoll wakes in the Xisha Archipelago (XA) during 2009. Statistical analyses of simulation data indicated strong cyclonic dominance in the mixing layer (above ∼35 m) and weak anticyclonic dominance in the subsurface layer (35∼160 m) for both eddies and filaments in the XA. The intrinsic dynamical properties of the flow, such as the vertical stratification and velocity magnitude, and the terrain of reefs and atolls had a significant effect on the asymmetry. Without considering the existence of reefs and atolls, the “background cyclonic dominance” generated under local planetary rotation (f≈4.1×10−5 s−1) and vertical stratification (with mean Brunt–Väisälä frequency N = 0.02 s−1 at 75 m) was stronger for filaments than eddies in the upper layer from 0∼200 m, and the larger vorticity amplitude in the cyclonic filaments could greatly enhance the cyclonic wake eddies. Furthermore, inertial–centrifugal instability induced selective destabilization of anticyclonic wake eddies in different water layers. As the Rossby number (Ro) and core vorticity (Burger number, Bu) decreased (increased) with the water depth, a more stable state was achieved for the anticyclonic wake eddies in the deeper layer. The stratification and slipping reefs and atolls also led to vertical decoupled shedding, which intensified the asymmetry.

We demonstrated that a ring-core erbium-doped fiber amplifier (RC-EDFA) can support orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes with topological charges (|l| = 1~3). The dependence of the characteristics on the length of the RC-EDF was investigated experimentally, including an investigation of gain and 3 dB gain bandwidth over the whole C band (i.e., 1530~1565 nm). The 3 dB gain bandwidth was improved to 21 nm. At a signal wavelength of 1550 nm, the maximum gain of all signal modes was up to 30.1 dB. Differential modal gain was maintained below approximately 1.3 dB.

Congenital deficiency of tracheal rings is a rare tracheal malformation that can cause central airway obstruction. Herein we reported the clinical data of six patients with symptomatic congenital deficient tracheal rings. There were five cases, with isolated short-segment absent cartilage ring located on the distal trachea (three cases), cervical trachea (one case), and distal trachea combined with bilateral bronchi (one case). Among them, four (4/5) received surgical tracheal resection, three fully recovered, and one died of severe infection. Besides that, one patient, who could not be weaned off the mechanical ventilation, died after rejecting surgery. One case had episodes of recurrent dyspnea and extubation failure due to long-segment tracheomalacia after repair of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. For this patient, deficient cartilage rings were suspected and confirmed at the age of 26 months. Moreover, the clinical characteristics of 12 cases with congenital deficient tracheal cartilage rings reported in previous literature were reviewed. The different characteristics between short- and long-segment deficient cartilage rings were discussed.

We previously have reported that neonatal Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination improves neurogenesis and behavior in early life through affecting the neuroimmune milieu in the brain, but it is uncertain whether activation phenotypes and functional changes in T lymphocytes shape brain development. Here, we studied the effects of BCG vaccination via the adoptive transfer of T lymphocytes from the BALB/c wild-type mice into naive mice. Our results show that mice adoptive BCG-induced lymphocytes (BCG->naive mice) showed anxiolytic and antidepressant-like performance when completing an elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Meanwhile, BCG->naive mice possess more cell proliferation and newborn neurons than PBS->naive and nude mice in the hippocampus. IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in the serum of BCG->naive mice also increased, while TNF-α and IL-1β levels were reduced relative to those of PBS->naive and nude mice. We further found that BCG->naive mice showed different repartition of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell to naive (CD62L+CD44low), effector memory (CD62L-CD44hi), central memory (CD62L+CD44hi) and acute/activated effector (CD62L-CD44low) cells in the spleen. Importantly, the adoptive transfer of BCG-induced T lymphocytes infiltrated into the dura mater and brain parenchyma of the nude mice. Activation phenotypes and functional changes in T lymphocytes are very likely to affect the neuroimmune milieu in the brain, and alterations in ratios of splenic CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells may affect the expression of correlative cytokines in the serum, accounting for our behavioral results. We conclude thus that the adoptive transfer of BCG-induced T lymphocytes contributes to hippocampal cell proliferation and tempers anxiety-like behavior in immune deficient mice. Our work shows that BCG vaccination improves hippocampal cell proliferation outcomes and behaviors, likely as a result of splenic effector/memory T lymphocytes regulating the neuroimmune niche in the brain.

This paper posits a framework of digital models integrating spatial narrative theories to represent the narrative and its experience of a Chinese classical novel, The Tale of Li Wa, which has been diversely interpreted by literary critics and historians for approximately 900 years. In the proposed framework of "Time-Space-time-Space," the spatio-temporal information derived from the text of the novel and its author is extracted and fused to map the instantaneous spatial pattern perceived by readers in the flow of read time, which helps contemporary readers re-understand the classical narrative and its context through a multi-possibilities, integrated, and in-depth approach. The paper presents one possible interpretation of the novel in the framework organized by the authors, illustrating the theme of growth with respect to the male protagonist in the capital Chang'an via the "what-how-why" model.

In order to evaluate the security performance of wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) over multiple-input and multiple-output fading channels,a time-saving and efficient solution is theoretical analysis.The exact analytical expressions of the non-zero security capacity probability and the security outage probability of WCDMA systems using space-time block codes and 2D Rake receivers (2D-Rake) on the relevant Nakagami fading channels was deduced.Using the above expressions,the effects of parameters such as the number of transmit and receive antennas,antenna correlation coefficient,Nakagami fading coefficient,and average path attenuation coefficient on the security performance of the WCDMA system could be quickly evaluated.The numerical calculation was in good agreement with the simulation results,which proved the correctness of the above theoretical analysis.The analytical expression of the asymptotic safety outage probability of WCDMA system was deduced.The results show that the security diversity gain of WCDMA system is the sum of the diversity gains on the separable paths of the main channel,and has nothing to do with the eavesdropping channel; the same for the constant multipath intensity profile The Nakagami fading channel is distributed,and the security diversity gain of the WCDMA system is the product of the number of received and transmitted antennas of the primary channel,the number of multipaths,and the Nakagami fading coefficient.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and usually fatal lung disease that is characterized by fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix remodeling, which result in irreversible distortion of the lung’s architecture and the formation of focal fibrous hyperplasia. The molecular mechanism by which pulmonary fibrosis develops is not fully understood, and no satisfactory treatment currently exists. However, many studies consider that aberrant activation of TGF-β1 frequently promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibroblast activation in pulmonary fibrosis. Cinobufagin (CBG), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used for long-term pain relief, cardiac stimulation, and anti-inflammatory and local anesthetic treatments. However, its role in pulmonary fibrosis has not yet been established. We investigated the hypothesis that cinobufagin plays an inhibitory role on TGF-β1 signaling using a luciferase-reporter assay. We further explored the effect of cinobufagin on pulmonary fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments showed that cinobufagin suppresses TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling in a dose-dependent manner, attenuates the activation and differentiation of lung fibroblasts and inhibits EMT induced by TGF-β1 in alveolar epithelial cells. The in vivo experiments indicated that cinobufagin significantly alleviates bleomycin-induced collagen deposition and improves pulmonary function. Further study showed that cinobufagin could attenuate bleomycin-induced inflammation and inhibit fibroblast activation and the EMT process in vivo. In summary, cinobufagin attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice via suppressing inflammation, fibroblast activation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition.

The prediction of lane change intention of vehicles is an important part of the decision planning and control systems of intelligent vehicles. In the dynamic and complex traffic environment, the behaviors of traffic participants interact and influence each other. In lane change prediction, it is necessary to study the predicted vehicle and surrounding vehicles as an interactive correlation system. Otherwise, great errors are made in the motion prediction. Based on this, the motion state of the predicted vehicle, the position relationship between the predicted vehicle and lane, as well as the motion state of vehicles around the predicted vehicle are considered systematically in this paper, and the prediction of lane change intention of vehicles is studied. The influence of the three above-mentioned factors on the prediction of lane change intention is analyzed in this paper. On the basis of screening the prediction features of lane change intention, the lane change intention of vehicles is predicted by a feed-forward neural network. The data collected by the virtual driving experiment platform are divided into a training set, a verification set, and a test set. The neural network parameters of vehicles’ lane change intentions are identified by a training set, and the effect of prediction is tested by a verification set and a test set. The results show that the accuracy of the prediction model is high. The model is compared with the model of common features at the present stage and the model based on a Support Vector Machine, and the results show that the accuracy of the prediction model proposed in this paper was improved by 6.4% and 2.8%, respectively, compared with the two models. Finally, the virtual driving experiment platform was used to predict the lane change intention of the front vehicle and the vehicle in the left adjacent lane. The results show that, based on the same model and input features, the lane change intention of the front vehicle and the vehicle in the left adjacent lane can be predicted by the model at 2.8 s and 3.4 s before the lane change, and the model is a certain generality for the prediction of lane change intention of adjacent vehicles.

In this paper, a 15 KW in-wheel motor (IWM) is taken as the research object, and the coupling factors among the electromagnetic field, temperature field and flow field are analyzed, and the strong and weak coupling factors between the three fields are clarified, and by identifying the strong and weak coupling factors between the three fields, a three-field coupling analysis model for IWM with appropriate complexity is established, and the validity of the model is verified. In a certain driving condition, the electromagnetic field, temperature field and flow field characteristics of IWM are analyzed with the multi-field coupling model. The result shows that, after the IWM runs 8440 s under driving conditions, in this paper, the IWM electromagnetic torque of the rated working condition is 134.2 Nm, and IWM the electromagnetic torque of the peak working condition is 451.36 Nm, and the power requirement of the motor can be guaranteed. The highest temperature of the IWM is 150 °C, which does not exceed the insulation grade requirements of the motor (155 °C), the highest temperature of the permanent magnet (PM) is 65.6 °C, and it does not exceed the highest operating temperature of the PM, and ensures the accurate calculation of components loss and the temperature of the motor. It can be found, through research, that the electromagnetic torque difference between unidirectional coupling and bidirectional coupling is 3.2%, the maximum temperature difference is 7.98% in the three-field coupling analysis of IWM under rated working conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the influence of coupling factors on the properties of motor materials when analyzing the electromagnetic field, temperature field and flow field of IWM; it also provides some reference value for the simulation analysis of IWM in the future.

Aging mechanisms of two polymeric insulation materials that are used widely in nuclear power plant low-voltage cables; cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPR/EPDM), are reviewed. A summary of various nondestructive methods suitable for evaluation of cable insulation is given. A capacitive sensor capable of making local nondestructive measurements of capacitance and dissipation factor on cable polymers, and potentially suitable for in situ cable monitoring, is introduced. Correlating values of elongation-at-break, indenter modulus, capacitance and dissipation factor measured on a set of 47 aged flame-resistant EPR samples shows a higher correlation between indenter modulus and dissipation factor than between indenter modulus and elongation-at-break.

The Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) is down-regulated in multiple types of human cancers. Decreased RKIP transcription activity may be one of the major mechanisms responsible for the downregulation of RKIP expression in human diseases. To test this hypothesis, we need to gain basic knowledge of the transcriptional regulation of RKIP. To achieve this objective, we made a systematic effort to identify cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors that control RKIP promoter activity. We found that full RKIP promoter activity requires the region -56 to +261 relative to the transcription start site. Within the full promoter region, there are two motifs rich in G/C that responded to transcription factor Sp1, one cAMP-responsive element that responded to the transcription factor CREB, and one docking site for the histone acetylase p300. In human melanoma A375 cells and human cervical cancer HeLa cells, mutation or deletion of each of these cis-acting elements decreased promoter activity. In A375 cells, knockdown of the corresponding transcription factors Sp1, CREB, or p300 decreased RKIP promoter activity, whereas overexpression of CREB and p300 increased RKIP promoter activity. The results obtained with HeLa cells also supported the idea that Sp1 and CREB play positive roles in the regulation of RKIP transcription. These findings suggest that regulators of the expression or activity of Sp1, CREB, and p300 are involved in regulating RKIP transcription.